Nursing Outcomes Classification Research Articles

A Hospital's Roadmap for Improving Nursing Excellence Using AACN's Healthy Work Environment Standards.

A Hospital's Roadmap for Improving Nursing Excellence Using AACN's Healthy Work Environment Standards.

Assessment of Health Indicators in Individuals with Intestinal Stoma using the Nursing Outcomes Classification: A Cross-Sectional Study.

AimTo determine nursing outcomes in individuals with intestinal stoma and the relationships between them and sociodemographic and clinical variables.DesignCross-sectional study performed with 102 subjects at the General Surgery Unit of a first-level hospital.MethodsData on the presence of nursing outcomes were collected using the Nursing Outcomes Classification. Data on sociodemographic and clinical variables were also collected. Univariate and bivariate data analyses were performed.ResultsOutcomes related to participation in making health decisions and knowledge of ostomy care were assessed across the study sample. Period of care (post-operative and follow-up) was the most common significant variable (p < 0.05) among the outcomes. The outcome scores ranged from 2 to 3, indicating a moderate level of impairment in the physical, psychological, and social spheres of these patients. The scores in the indicators on Participation in making health decisions and Knowledge of stoma care improved in the period of continuity of care compared to the postoperative period, being this difference statistically significant (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe care plan for individuals with intestinal stoma needs to include indicators measuring patient participation in making decisions related to their condition, as well as indicators related to their knowledge and self-care of their stoma. Relevance to clinical practice: This study aims to determine the nursing outcomes in individuals with intestinal stoma and the relationships between them and sociodemographic and clinical variables. It provides the opportunity to plan achievable objectives with patients using a system of indicators that facilitate their assessment and monitoring.

NANDA International nursing diagnoses in the coping/stress tolerance domain and their linkages to Nursing Outcomes Classification outcomes and Nursing Interventions Classification interventions in the pre-hospital emergency care.

AimTo determine the prevalence of NANDA International nursing diagnoses in the coping/stress tolerance domain and their linkages to Nursing Outcomes Classification outcomes and Nursing Interventions Classification interventions in the pre‐hospital emergency care setting.DesignRetrospective descriptive study of electronic record review.MethodsEight thousand three hundred three episodes recorded during the year 2019 were recovered from the electronic health records of a public emergency care agency. The prevalence of NANDA International nursing diagnosis, Nursing Outcomes Classification outcomes and Nursing Interventions Classification interventions was determined. A cross‐tabulation analysis was performed to determine the linkages. Data were accessed in November 2020.ResultsNANDA International nursing diagnoses Anxiety (00146) and Fear (00148) represented more than 90% of the diagnoses recorded in the domain. Anxiety level (1211) and emotional support (5270) were the most recorded Nursing Outcomes Classification outcomes and Nursing Interventions Classification interventions, with almost 20% and 5% of total records, respectively. The linkage between nursing diagnosis Anxiety (00146), outcome Anxiety level (1211) and intervention Anxiety reduction (5820) was the most recorded with slightly more than 3% of the total.ConclusionEight different NANDA International nursing diagnoses in the coping/stress tolerance domain were recorded. Nursing Outcomes Classification outcomes were selected aimed mainly at psychological well‐being and Nursing Interventions Classification interventions to support coping. In general, linkages were aimed to provide emotional support, physical well‐being, information, education and safety.ImpactThis study showed that pre‐hospital emergency care nurses diagnose and treat human responses in the coping/stress tolerance domain. Expert consensus‐based linkages may be complemented by the results of this study, increasing the levels of evidence of both individualized and standardized care plans for critical patients assisted by pre‐hospital emergency care nurses.

Evaluation of the NANDA International, Inc. diagnostic classification in Spain: Development and validation of the EVALUAN-I tool.

To develop and validate a tool to evaluate the NANDA International, Inc. diagnostic classification. The tool, EVALUAN-I, was validated in a non-probabilistic sample (N = 460) on Spanish Registered Nurses (September-December 2019) in two phases. First, design and construct the instrument in three steps: (1) literature review to define the construct focusing on the orientation toward nursing concepts and theoretical foundations, the level of scientific evidence, the structural configuration, the applicability, the nurses' clinical reasoning skills, and the attitudes toward nursing diagnosis, (2) substantiation of the questionnaire items and design according to the criteria for a diagnostic classification, (3) expert test to establish the face validity and content validity. The second phase revolved around (4) conducting a pilot test and measuring the temporal stability (test-retest) and Cohen's kappa coefficient; assessing psychometric properties by measuring (5) reliability (internal consistency using Cronbach alpha and interfactor correlation) and (6) construct validity (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis). The manuscript follows the STROBE checklist. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee with registration number 2019-190-1. EVALUAN-I displayed moderate test-retest stability, adequate construct validity, and excellent reliability. The confirmatory factor analysis provided evidence about the configuration of EVALUAN-I in relation to nine analytical dimensions: clinical competence, nurses' reasoning skills, attitudes towards nursing diagnosis, discipline's central concepts, classification's contents, physiopathological attributes, level of scientific evidence, diagnostic precision, and conceptual correspondence between terminologies. EVALUAN-I is a valid and reliable instrument, which can be used to improve the epistemological, normative, and intuitive configuration of NANDA International, Inc. in a structured, systematic manner. Comprehensive evaluation of NANDA International, Inc. in different clinical settings around the world using a validated instrument, like EVALUAN-I, would allow strengths and weaknesses to be identified and contribute to the classification's development and practical application.

Cultural adaptation and Rasch psychometrics of the Substance Addiction Consequences scale

This study aims to adapt and evaluate the validity of the Substance Addiction Consequences scale for the Brazilian community-based addiction setting. This is a psychometric study, conducted in two stages: (1) cultural adaptation and (2) validation using the psychometric Rasch model. The Substance Addiction Consequences derived from the Nursing Outcome Classification comprises 16 items and four domains in the original instrument. We applied the original scale with 200 outpatients at two Psychosocial Care Centers for Alcohol and Drugs in São Paulo, Brazil. The four subscales are suitable for the Rasch model. In 13 of the 16 items, infits and outfits are between 0.5 and 1.5, corresponding to the model's optimal parameters. In addition, we removed one item that distorted the measurement. The psychometrics suggested that the SAC scale is valid with its 15 items and four domains. Therefore, it can be considered appropriate to use in the Brazilian community-based addiction setting.

Assessment of Neurological Status in Patients with Cerebrovascular Diseases through the Nursing Outcome Classification: A Methodological Study.

Nurses play an important role in healthcare, and the Nursing Outcomes Classification is a key tool for the standardization of care. This study aims to validate the nursing outcome “Neurological Status” for patients with cerebrovascular diseases. A methodological study was performed in four phases. In Phase 1, the relevance of the indicators was evaluated by seven specialists and the modified kappa coefficient and content validity index were calculated. In Phase 2, conceptual and operational definitions were formulated. In addition, their content was validated with a focus group in Phase 3. In Phase 4, the results were applied in clinical practice and convergence with the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale was verified. The reliability was measured by Cronbach’s alpha. Of the 22 initial indicators, 6 were excluded. The focus group suggested changes in the definitions and the exclusion of two indicators. In Phase 4, only 13 indicators were validated due to the impossibility of measuring intracranial pressure. A strong correlation between the two scales and agreement among all the indicators were observed. Following the specialists’ review, the nursing outcome was reliable and clinically validated with 13 indicators: consciousness, orientation, language, central motor control, cranial sensory and motor function, spinal sensory and motor function, body temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, eye movement pattern, pupil size, pupil reactivity, and breathing pattern.

Nursing care process in an infant with broncho-obstructive syndrome (BOS) pneumonia hospitalized in the emergency room from a hospital in Lima, 2021 [Proceso de cuidado de enfermería en infante con Síndrome Obstructivo Bronquial (SOB) neumonía hospitalizado en emergencia de un hospital de Lima, 2021

The present work develops the nursing care process (NCP) to a pediatric patient, with the aim of identifying problems and managing comprehensive care for infants with a diagnosis of broncho-obstructive syndrome (BOS)-Pneumonia hospitalized in the emergency area. Single case study, qualitative approach, NCP method. The data collection was carried out through the observation technique, physical examination and as an instrument the assessment framework for 11 functional patterns of Marjory Gordon, identifying 5 Nursing Diagnoses prioritizing three of them: Ineffective cleaning of the airways related to excessive mucus, evidenced by abnormal respiratory sounds crackles, wheezing, persistent cough with abundant yellowish and dense secretions in regular quantity, respiratory rate 46 breaths per minute. Impaired gas exchange associated with changes in the alveolar-capillary membrane, evidenced by dyspnea, decompensated respiratory alkalosis, abnormal arterial pH 7.50, pCO2: 33 mm Hg, hypoxemia pO2: 88 mm Hg and HR tachycardia: 126 x ', oxygen saturation 86%. Hyperthermia associated with disease secondary to BOS Pneumonia, evidenced by skin hot to the touch, tachypnea (146 x '), Temperature: 38 °C planning with taxonomy II NANDA I NOC (or Nursing Outcomes Classification) and NIC (or Nursing Interventions Classification), intervention labels were executed with programmed activities being then evaluated with NOC labels and indicators respectively. The results were +1, +1, +3. Concluding that the management of care, applying NCP in a pediatric patient with BOS-pneumonia was effective, indicates that the child did not present any complications during the shifts attended in the study.

Predictive validity of the INTEGRARE scale in identifying the risk of hospital-acquired pressure ulcers in acute care hospital settings

BackgroundHospital-acquired pressure ulcers (HAPUs) are prevalent around the world and are an indicator of care quality. Numerous instruments are available to predict their appearance, but few evaluate predictive validity. No instruments based on Nursing Outcomes Classification indicators have been found, despite these indicators reflecting the patient's condition. The aim of the study was to analyse the predictive validity of the INTEGRARE scale in preventing the risk of HAPUs. MethodsA multicentre prospective observational cohort study design was used. 1,004 patients from 11 public hospitals in Andalusia (Spain) were recruited between February 2015 and October 2017. Participants were aged over 18 and had been admitted to medical and surgical units, with a predicted stay exceeding 48 h. Predictive validity was checked using a multivariate logistic regression model and a receiver operating characteristic curve, with development of pressure ulcers during the hospital stay as the dependent variable. ResultsThe INTEGRARE scale obtained an area under the curve of 0.886 (95% CI = 0.85–0.923). Within the 30-point range, the optimal cut-off value is 23 points with a sensitivity of 80.8% and a specificity of 80%. The odds ratio was 16.86 (95% CI = 8.54–33.28). Among the patient variables, age was significant, while among the hospital variables, the type of unit and the Nurse Staffing Level (NSL) were significant. ConclusionsThe INTEGRARE scale has robust predictive validity when patients are admitted to medical and surgical inpatient units. Patients with a higher risk of developing HAPUs are in surgical units, are elderly, and have an NSL exceeding 10.4.

Use of the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) to measure perceived knowledge about the control of SARS-CoV-2 infection: The impact of a training program in primary healthcare professionals.

To analyze the impact of an online training intervention on primary healthcare professionals in Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain), evaluating the perceived knowledge about prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2 infection using the NOC outcome "Knowledge: Infection management" [1842]. Quasi-experimental design with prepost analysis of 12 indicators. The participants were the 705 primary healthcare professionals, both healthcare professionals and nonhealthcare professionals, who completed the online training program prepared and implemented by nurses in the teaching and research fields between May and July 2020. The change in the perceived level of knowledge before and after, as well as other associations between this knowledge and the other variables included in the study, were confirmed. The results of the study describe significant differences in the change between pre- and posttraining for all indicators included in the comparison. This research shows the effectiveness of an online training program, appropriate for the need for social distancing required by the pandemic, in improving the knowledge of primary healthcare professionals about prevention and control of COVID-19. It also describes a new context for the use of the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) through a training program organized and led by nurses. Our results suggest that the NOC classification is useful for assessing perceived knowledge about prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the community among primary healthcare professionals. This study also provides evidence of the effectiveness of a nurse-led, nurse-designed online training intervention. To this end, the outcome criterion "Knowledge: Infection management" [1842] was used and its 12 original indicators were operationally defined. Overall, this study proposes a useful new framework for the NOC taxonomy, which, in addition to being intended for the assessment of outcomes among patients, families, and communities, is versatile enough to assess knowledge outcomes among professionals as well.

Evidence-based interventions and nurse-sensitive outcomes in district nursing care: A systematic review.

Measuring nursing interventions and nurse-sensitive outcomes in a standardized manner is essential because it provides insight into the quality of delivered care. However, there is currently no systematic overview of the interventions conducted by district nurses, the evidence for the effects of these interventions, or what nurse-sensitive outcomes should be measured. 1) To provide an overview of interventions for community-living older people evaluated in district nursing care and evidence for the effects of these interventions and 2) to identify the nurse-sensitive outcomes that are used to evaluate these district nursing care interventions, how these outcomes are measured, and in which patient groups they are applied. A systematic review of the literature. District nursing care. MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycInfo, and EMBASE. Only experimental studies evaluating district nursing care interventions for communkity-living older people were included. A data extraction form was developed to extract the study characteristics and evaluate interventions and nurse-sensitive outcomes. The methodological quality of the included studies was reviewed using the 13-item critical appraisal tool for randomized controlled trials by the Joanna Briggs Institute. A total of 22 studies were included. The methodological quality of the studies varied, with scores ranging from 6 to 11 on a scale of 0-13. The 22 interventions identified were heterogeneous with respect to intervention components, intervention delivery, and target population. The 44 outcomes identified were grouped into categories following the Nursing Outcome Classification and were measured in various ways and at various times. This is the first systematic review summarizing the evidence for the effectiveness of nurse-led interventions conducted by district nurses on community-living older people. It is unclear what interventions are effective and what outcomes should be used to substantiate district nursing care effectiveness. Because only studies with experimental designs were included, this analysis may provide an incomplete assessment of the effectiveness of interventions in district nursing care. Therefore, it is highly necessary to produce methodologically strong evidence through research programs focusing on district nursing care.

The effects of using modified food utensils on the feeding skills of children with cerebral palsy

This study aims to determine the effects of using modified food utensils (curved forks and spoons with modified hand g and hand-gripped drinking cup) on the feeding skills of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). This was a quasi-experimental research. Forty-three (43) children with cerebral palsy aged 6–18 served as the respondents of this study. The intervention was carried out by training the children with CP to use modified food utensils for one week. The modified food utensils were designed and produced by the researchers based on review of several previous studies. The modified forks, spoons, and drinking cup have a curvature handheld of 135° and a handgrip diameter of 2.5 cm. The observation of the feeding skills was done twice. First observation was done while children were eating using usual spoons and forks and drinking using regular cup. The second assessment was done while the children were eating using the modified food utensils after the training. The check list of the feeding skills was made based on the indicators in the Nursing Outcome Classification (NOC): feeding. The paired t -test was used to determine the difference in the mean score between the feeding skills using regular forks, spoons as well as cup and using the modified food utensils. Self-care skills: The feeding skills were differed significantly before and after the children used the modified food utensils (44.25 ± 13.97 vs 46.27 ± 13.40; p = 0.007). There is a significant different in the feeding skills of CP children aged 8–18 between treatments in which children's feeding skills are better when using the modified eating utensil. Future study should consider the use of modified hand grip shape and material for easier utilization.

Evaluation of wound healing in patients with hip prosthesis according to nursing outcome classification.

The purpose of this study is to perform Turkish adaptation and validation of NOC (1102) Wound Healing: Primary Intent and examine wound healing in patients with hip prosthesis diagnosed with impaired tissue integrity. The study was carried out in methodological and descriptive design, and the sample of the study consisted of 55 patients. Introductory Characteristics Form and Wound Healing: Primary Intention NOC Form were used for data collection. Ethical consent was obtained before initiating the study. In the study, content validity index value of the NOC scale was calculated was 95.71%. Looking at NOC scale indicators for postoperative day 1, 2, and 7 and the distribution of the total mean scores, it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores over time (p = 0.000). It was found that patients with chronic disease had lower NOC scale scores and wound healing was slower on the postoperative first day compared to the patients with no chronic diseases (p < 0.05). As a result of the study, it was concluded that the Turkish version of the Wound Healing: Primary Intention NOC (1102) scale was a valid tool for evaluating the location of the wound in patients with hip prosthesis, the presence of chronic diseases affected wound healing, and mean scores obtained by the patients in NOC scale increased over time with a good progress in terms of wound healing. With the use of Wound Healing: Primary Intention NOC (1102) scale, a common language will be formed in the evaluation of the wound site of patients undergoing hip prosthesis.

Rule based model for pneumonia (COVID-19) nursing care

. This research was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, when during the pandemic, many patients died. The mortality rate was caused by complications in the form of pneumonia in patients with deteriorating health conditions. This study aims to develop an inference model to become a decision support system in the enforcement of the clinical pathway of pneumonia COVID-19 nursing care. This research model is based on the application of NANDA International nursing diagnoses to determine the objectives of the Nursing Outcome Classification (NOC) and the interventions that must be carried out by the Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC). The data in this study were obtained from the results of expert interviews regarding the handling of pneumonia and medical literature on handling COVID-19 cases. The results of this study can guide the diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia caused by the COVID-19 virus, as well as a similar process that occurs with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

The Content Validity and Interrater Reliability of Nursing Outcome Classification Self-Care for Toileting among Children with Physical Disabilities

Background: Nursing Outcome Classification (NOC) Self-care for Toileting is an instrument for measuring the abilities of toileting self-care among children with physical disabilities. However, there has been no cultural adaptation in the Indonesian context, especially among children with physical disabilities, so that the validity and inter-rater reliability of the instrument has not been reported. Testing the content validity and interrater reliability of this instrument is necessary so that it could be used to measure the ability of toileting self-care.Purpose: This study aimed to examine the content validity and inter-rater reliability of NOC Self-care for Toileting among children with physical disabilities.Methods: This was a descriptive quantitative non-experimental research with a cross-sectional design. In the content validity test, this study employed seven experts teaching in nursing academies with a minimum degree of S2/specialist and had the experiences in basic nursing to assess the validity of NOC Self-care for Toileting. As for the inter-rater reliability test, this study involved two raters of nursing students who have passed block 2.4 lecture on “Growth and Development” and 36 children with physical disabilities at a Special School in Bantul, Yogyakarta. The validity test was analyzed using CVR, CVI, and Aiken’s V indexes, while the inter-rater reliability test was analyzed using Kappa and percent agreement.Results: The validity test showed the CVR value range of 0.71-1.00, the CVI value of 0.91, and the V coefficient range of 0.86-1.00. In the inter-rater reliability test, the Kappa value obtained was 0.958, and the percent agreement value was 97.22% for all indicators of NOC Self-care for Toileting.Conclusion: NOC Self-care for Toileting is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring the abilities of toileting self-care among children aged 6-18 with mild to moderate degrees of physical disabilities. Further research can be conducted by involving different respondents and cultures with more than two raters if possible.

STUDI KASUS: ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN KELUARGA DENGAN ANAK REMAJA DALAM PENCEGAHAN PERILAKU MEROKOK

Background: Adolescence allows the involvement of health risk behaviors, including smoking. Adolescents need family support, especially in prevention and treatment. Nurses can help families through nursing care. Objective: To describe the application of family nursing care with adolescent children to prevent smoking. Methods: The population is a family with teenagers. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. The sample is the family of Mr. S. with inclusion criteria; Nuclear family, stage of family development in adolescence, early teens aged 10-18 years, smoking history of family members, family members can read and write and are willing to be respondents. They were collecting data through interviews, observation, and documentation studies. The research instrument was the researcher himself, family nursing care, and nursing kit equipment format. Results: The study found three nursing problems. Nursing diagnoses include deficiencies in family knowledge, risky health behaviors, and ineffective family health care. Planning adjusted the diagnosis found, the intervention goals for four weeks, the outcome criteria using the Nursing Outcome Classification, and the intervention using the Nursing Intervention Classification by adjusting the five family health tasks. Implementation includes health screening, health education, counseling, youth social skills. The evaluation shows success in overcoming family nursing problems. Conclusion: The application of family nursing care increases family involvement in preventing adolescent smoking behavior.

A Case Study: Murotal Distraction to Reduce Pain Level among Post-Mastectomy Patients

Carcinoma mammae or breast cancer is a malignant disease that originates from the parenchyma. Women who suffer from this disease will choose treatment using mastectomy. Mastectomy treatment is a process of removing all breast tissue that can inhibit the development of cancer cells. Post-operative mastectomy pain can be relieved by non-pharmacological therapy, one of which is murotal therapy. This case study aims to present the results of applying evidence-based murotal treatment to reduce pain scales in post-mastectomy surgery patients. Physical examination was performed using the head-to-toe method in post-operative patients. The North American Nursing Diagnosis Association is used to determine nursing diagnoses. Meanwhile, nursing intervention refers to the Nursing Intervention Classification and Nursing Outcome Classification. The intervention was carried out in five stages of evidence-based nursing implementation in nursing practice, with complementary therapy in murotal therapy and progressive application for 6 days for post-mastectomy surgery patients. As a result, giving murotal therapy intervention for 6 days showed a reduction in the pain scale from a scale of 4 (1-10) to 1 (1-10). The implementation of EBN murotal therapy proved to be effective in reducing the intensity of the pain scale in post-mastectomy surgery patients

STUDI KASUS IMPLEMENTASI EVIDENCE-BASED NURSING: WATER TEPID SPONGE BATH UNTUK MENURUNKAN DEMAM PASIEN TIFOID

Typhoid is an acute febrile illness caused by a bacterial infection of salmonella typhi and its endotoxin stimulates the synthesis and release of pyrogens by leukocytes in inflamed tissue resulting in hyperthermia. A non-pharmacological technique that can be used to reduce the increase in body temperature in hyperthermic patients is by doing a water tepid sponge bath, this technique is still rarely found in the field. Nurses tend to give antipyretics more often when children experience hyperthermia. This case study aims to present the results of implementing the evidence-based nursing water tepid sponge bath as an effort to reduce fever in typoid patients. Physical examination was performed using the head to toe method in typoid patients. The North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) is used to determine nursing diagnoses. Meanwhile, nursing intervention refers to the Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) and the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC). A hyperthermic nursing diagnosis with a diagnosis number 00007 is given a nursing intervention in the form of a water tepid sponge bath. After being given nursing intervention for 7 days, hyperthermia was resolved by the criteria that the patient's body temperature returned to normal 36.2 °C. Water tepid sponge bath is effective in reducing body temperature in typoid patients

Development of a nursing outcome for a percutaneous procedure.

To develop a nursing outcome, consistent with the standardized format of outcomes within the nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC). This outcome will include an outcome label, an outcome definition, and clinical indicators. The proposed use for this outcome is to evaluate the access site of a percutaneous procedure. Concept analysis with a scoping review. Initially, content experts were recruited to validate the indicators of the proposed outcome in order to complete a consensus validation. After consensus validation, a review of the proposed outcome and its indicators was completed by two of the editors of the NOC team to confirm that the outcome label, definition, and indicators were consistent with the NOC taxonomy. During this review, edits were made on the label name and definition. After a series of reviews, the initial outcome of Vascular Status: Percutaneous Procedure Access was changed to Tissue Injury Severity: Percutaneous Procedure. In addition, the original definition of the condition of an access site for percutaneous procedure by venous or arterial puncture and health of surrounding tissues was edited to: Severity of complications from a needle-puncture access through the skin and into deeper tissues. The outcome has 11 indicators to be used to formulate a target rating for use in the clinical setting. The indicators were not edited over the course of the reviews. The proposed outcome will assist nurses in evaluating the access site of percutaneous procedures and in identifying possible complications. This research contributes to the refinement of the NOC taxonomy by having a new outcome that meets clinical practice needs.

Validation of a manual of care plans for people hospitalized with COVID-19.

AimValidate a manual of care plans for people hospitalized for coronavirus disease, COVID‐19.DesignValidation study with a mixed‐method design.MethodsDesign and validation of a care plans manual for people hospitalized by COVID‐19. Care plans used standardized languages: NANDA‐I, Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) and Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC). The design included external and internal validation with quantitative and qualitative analysis. Data collection was between March and June 2020. The study methods were compliant with the Good Reporting of a Mixed Methods Study (GRAMMS) checklist.ResultsThe manual integrated 24 NANDA‐I diagnoses, 34 NOC and 47 NIC different criteria. It was validated by experts of Scientific‐Technical Commission, who recommended linking the diagnoses to an assessment. The internal validation validated 17 of 24 diagnoses, 56 of 65 NOC and 86 of the 104 NIC. During the discussion group, 6 new diagnoses proposed were validated and the non‐validated diagnoses were linked to the baseline condition of the person.

Intervention for Married Immigrant Women in Korea: A Systematic Review

Purpose: This study aimed to review the intervention programs designed for married immigrant women living in Korea.Methods: A total of 39 articles published from 2010 to 2020 were selected and analyzed using domestic and international web-based academic databases according to a systematic literature review procedure. The selected studies were evaluated for quality according to RoB (Risk of Bias) and RoBANS (Risk of Bias for Non-randomized studies). Additionally, intervention programs and outcome variables were based on the Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) and Nursing Outcome Classification (NOC) system.Results: According to the NIC categories, 69.2% of the interventions were in the behavioral domain, and 23.1% were in the family domain. The outcome variables primarily measured in NOC categories were psychological well-being (45.8%), health knowledge (11.0%), and health belief (10.2%). The quality of the selected studies was low overall in random sequence generation, allocation concealment, blinding of participants and personnel, and blinding of outcome data in randomized controlled trials (RCT) studies and confounding variables, blinding of outcome data, and incomplete outcome bias in non-RCT studies.Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, future studies will have to consider the characteristics of the subjects, life cycle, daily life, or language limitations. In addition, it is necessary to develop high-quality programs through continuous research on currently and frequently used interventions and outcome variables and on other various mediations and to verify the outcome variables.