Nursing Work Research Articles

Introduction of a bleepless intern on-call era

BackgroundThe current bleep communication system between nurses and interns on-call in most Irish hospitals has been linked with interruption in patient care, disruption to workflow, inefficiency, increased burden and stress to the on-call health staff. A new electronic system was introduced in a University Hospital to replace and eliminate bleep usage during on-call hours. MethodsAn Intern on-call task electronic template was generated using Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet. This electronic system enabled users to review and respond to requests placed by nursing healthcare staff. This project initially underwent a trial process in three wards for a period of two weeks in June 2023. Interns and nurses were asked to fill a survey before and after introduction of the system. The project was implemented across all wards in August 2023 and a secondary survey was obtained. In addition, the spreadsheets were analysed retrospectively. ResultsDuring the trial, twenty-six interns and twenty nurses were surveyed before and after implementation of the electronic system. Interns satisfaction rate was 73% and stress was reported to be reduced by 65%. Notably, 57% of interns reported a reduction in workload and the number of bleeps was reported to be as <10 by 42%. Nurses reported a decrease in the number of bleeps they needed to send overall by 65% and by 55% for repeated jobs. Workload was reported to be increased by 15% by nurses. However, exactly half of the nurses were unhappy with the new system and stress levels were unchanged. ConclusionThis project has shown promising results, efficient and clear communication was noted with an overall positive feedback and satisfaction rate by doctors. However, as evident, from a nursing perspective further work is needed to further progress into a system that can benefit both parties involved.

Assessment of Workplace Difficulties Faced by Nurses Working in Public Sector Hospitals of Lahore

Nursing is recognized as a stressful profession, with adverse effects on both personal health and professional performance. However, there is a scarcity of data on stress prevalence among nurses in developing countries like Pakistan. Objective: To assess stress prevalence and contributing factors among nurses in government hospitals, informing interventions to improve their work environment and well-being. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional survey collected data from Mayo Hospital, Lady Atchison Hospital, and Said Mitha Hospital in Lahore. A structured questionnaire assessed demographic information and perceptions across four domains: Occupational Stress, Job Satisfaction, Workplace Violence, and Workplace Harassment. Likert scale items were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0, with logistic regression examining factors associated with job satisfaction. Results: Findings reveal significant concerns regarding occupational stress, job satisfaction, workplace violence, and harassment among nurses. While nurses express satisfaction with certain aspects of their job, including opportunities to utilize their abilities and relations between management and staff, concerns arise regarding workload, recognition, pay rates, and workplace violence and harassment. Logistic regression analysis indicates that age, educational qualifications, marital status, experience duration, and department insignificantly influence job satisfaction among nurses in public sector hospitals. Conclusions: These findings emphasize the urgent need to address the challenges faced by nurses to enhance their well-being and maintain a positive work environment conducive to high-quality patient care.

간호정보역량이 간호업무수행능력에 미치는 효과: 환자안전역량의 매개효과

간호정보역량이 간호업무수행능력에 미치는 효과: 환자안전역량의 매개효과

국내 요양병원 간호사의 직무 역할 : 내용분석

Purpose : The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify the detailed job roles of nurses working in long term care hospitals in Korea. Methods : Data were collected using individual in-depth interviews and analysed with a content analysis method. Participants were 11 nurses working more than one year in long term care hospitals. Results : A total of 4 categories, 33 subcategories, and 105 codes were generated from 465 meaningful statements (job roles). Then, 33 subcategories were classified into 4 categories (nursing roles, nursing roles/physician’s roles, physician’s roles and nursing staff roles). Among 105 of the long-term care hospital nurse job roles, thirty-eight(36.2%) was nursing role, eleven(10.5%) were nursing or physician’s roles, twenty- five(23.8%) were physician’s roles and thirty-one(29.5%) were nursing staff roles. In addition to pure nursing work, other roles also showed an high rate(63.8%). Conclusion : Guidelines for the job roles of nurses in long-term care hospitals, as well as appropriate qualifications and compensation standards, must be established.

Nurses’ competence areas in adolescent mental health promotion work in student healthcare

Adolescents’ mental well-being is affected by a variety of different factors and their mental health has been a subject of great concern worldwide. Research has demonstrated the importance of how we arrange young people’s mental health promotion and preventive actions. The aim of this qualitative study was to examine mental health nurses’ competence areas in adolescent mental health promotion work in student healthcare in one city in southern Finland. The data were collected from semi-structured interviews with six mental health nurses. The data were analyzed using the content analysis method applying deductive and inductive approaches. The results of the study revealed 11 subcategories for the multidisciplinary knowledge area, eight subcategories for the skill-related competence area, four subcategories for the attitudinal competence area, and five subcategories for the personal characteristics area. The analysis demonstrates that nurses need extensive competencies in promoting mental health among adolescents in student healthcare. Especially evidence-based practice, client-centeredness, communication, and the social significance of the work were emphasized in the findings. This information can be utilized in service development and continuing education. Further research is needed on how the work of nurses in student healthcare could be more preventive.

The Cooperation Between Nurses and a New Digital Colleague "AI-Driven Lifestyle Monitoring" in Long-Term Care for Older Adults: Viewpoint.

Technology has a major impact on the way nurses work. Data-driven technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), have particularly strong potential to support nurses in their work. However, their use also introduces ambiguities. An example of such a technology is AI-driven lifestyle monitoring in long-term care for older adults, based on data collected from ambient sensors in an older adult's home. Designing and implementing this technology in such an intimate setting requires collaboration with nurses experienced in long-term and older adult care. This viewpoint paper emphasizes the need to incorporate nurses and the nursing perspective into every stage of designing, using, and implementing AI-driven lifestyle monitoring in long-term care settings. It is argued that the technology will not replace nurses, but rather act as a new digital colleague, complementing the humane qualities of nurses and seamlessly integrating into nursing workflows. Several advantages of such a collaboration between nurses and technology are highlighted, as are potential risks such as decreased patient empowerment, depersonalization, lack of transparency, and loss of human contact. Finally, practical suggestions are offered to move forward with integrating the digital colleague.

Model Metode Asuhan Keperawatan Profesional (MAKP) Tim Berbasis Structural Empowerment terhadap Kualitas Kehidupan Kerja Perawat

This research aims to develop an effective Team MAKP model to improve the quality of nurses' work life using a structural empowerment approach. The method used is a systematic review by collecting articles using the Scopus, Science Direct, Proquest and PubMed databases, to search for keywords using the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) system related to relevant articles in this research. Initial research results produced 547 articles (Scopus, Science Direct, Proquest Pubmed and Google Scholar). Articles were narrowed down based on the last 5 years and did not include literature reviews and 127 articles were filtered. Articles with completeness assessed for article suitability were 29 articles. The final results of the 16 articles analyzed show that team MAKP with a structural empowerment approach can help improve the quality of nurses work life. The conclusion of this research is that the results of the systematic review provide it was found that the MAKP Team was able to provide quality work life for nurses with a structural empowerment approach. Explain empowerment in the care unit, especially the climate within the care team with structural empowerment, so that nurses/team members and team leaders feel satisfied with their work experience. Keywords: Quality of Work Life, Team MAKP,Nurse, Structural Empowerment.

Practical Implications of the Organizational Commitment Model in Healthcare: The Case of Nurses

Background. In addition to the usual difficulty of managing human capital in any organization, healthcare institutions have other problems to solve arising from the circumstances and the very nature of the work they perform, such as the ethical pressure on staff, emotional exhaustion, the distribution of work shifts, or the general shortage for nurses. In many cases, this situation has an impact on the quality of care. Objective. The main objective of this research is to compile, in a single document, human resource practices that help health centre managers improve results in terms of performance and quality of care, as well as avoid the intention of abandoning the job, specifically related to the work of nurses. Methods. To this end, a systematic literature review has been performed based on 229 papers published in the Web of Science database, from which the practical implications for nurses proposed by these authors have been extracted. Results. The main results suggest that developing affective commitment helps to improve organizational performance and enhance patient safety culture. Furthermore, improving communication and meaningfulness of work, recognition by superiors, or job flexibility would improve the quality of outcomes, for the work of nurses. Conclusions and Implications for Nursing. Stimulating normative commitment, reducing excessive control, and paying attention to job burnout and job stress help combat the intention of voluntary turnover or leaving the job, especially in the case of nurses.

The impact of nurse’s sense of calling, organizational commitment, job stress, and nursing work environment on patient safety management activities in comprehensive nursing care service units during the covid-19 pandemic

BackgroundAs the number of COVID-19 patients rises, there has been a notable increase in the workload for nurses. However, medium-sized hospitals lacked standardized protocols or consistent approaches to address the specific working conditions of nurses. Furthermore, concerns about patient care have heightened as the issue of nursing shortages coincides with the expansion of the comprehensive nursing care services project.PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the factors that influence patient safety management activities, such as calling, organizational commitment, job stress, and nursing work environment, among comprehensive nursing care service unit nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA conceptual framework based on the Job Demand-Resource model and literature review of patient safety management activities was used to develop structured questionnaires that were distributed to 206 participants working in 7 comprehensive nursing care service units of small and medium-sized hospitals with at least 300 beds in the S and K provinces. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, chi-squared tests, t-tests, ANOVA, and hierarchical regression with the SPSS/WIN 23.0 program.ResultsThe results showed that calling (β =.383, p<.001) and job stress (β= -.187, p=.029) significantly influenced patient safety nursing activities in comprehensive care service ward nurses. The explanatory power of the model was 26.0% (F= 6.098, p<.001).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that comprehensive care service ward nurses' career, income, COVID-19 patient nursing anxiety, calling, and job stress were important factors that influence patient safety nursing activities. Therefore, it was essential to develop calling education programs and improve the nursing work system and establish a fair compensation system during the pandemic situation.

The Influence of Workload and Personality on Organizational Commitment and Work Fatigue (Study on Nurses in Mataram City Hospital)

This study examines the effect of workload and personality on nurses' organizational commitment and work fatigue at Hospital of Mataram City. Specifically, the purpose of this study was to determine the significance of the effect of workload, personality, and work fatigue on organizational commitment, to determine the significance of the effect of workload and personality on work fatigue, and to determine the mediating role of work fatigue variables in nurses. The population of this study were all nurses on duty at Hospital of Mataram City as many as 318 people, then the sample was taken using the Slovin formula so that a total of 77 nurses were obtained as respondents. This study uses structural equation model analysis with the smart PLS application. The results showed that workload and work fatigue had a significant negative effect on organizational commitment, while personality had a positive and insignificant effect on organizational commitment. Workload positively and significantly affects work fatigue, while personality has a significant influence on work fatigue in a negative direction. For the mediation of work fatigue in the effect of workload on organizational commitment of nurses at Hospital of Mataram, it was found that there was a partial mediating role, while in the effect of personality on organizational commitment a full mediating effect was found.

The Transparency in Nurses’ Work Environment and the Patient Safety

Transparency in nursing work environments is pivotal for enhancing patient safety and improving care quality. This study aims to identify work-related factors that influence nursing transparency and patient safety in a hospital setting. Employing a quantitative, non-experimental descriptive approach, this study surveyed 260 nurses from a pool of 800 at an educational hospital using an electronic questionnaire. The questionnaire assessed patient safety indicators, incident reporting transparency, work environment, and perceptions of patient safety culture. Data were analyzed using SPSS. The research highlights a significant correlation between work environments and transparency in incident reporting. Results indicated that better work environments are associated with higher levels of transparency and safety culture perception. The study also found that personal involvement in errors was underreported, suggesting a gap in the desired transparent culture. Enhancing the nursing work environment is crucial for improving transparency and patient safety, and strategic improvements in these areas can significantly bolster overall healthcare quality.

Expression and function of the vitellogenin receptor in the hypopharyngeal glands of the honey bee Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) workers.

The vitellogenin receptor (VgR) is essential for the uptake and transport of the yolk precursor, vitellogenin (Vg). Vg is synthesized in the fat body, released in the hemolymph, and absorbed in the ovaries, via receptor-mediated endocytosis. Besides its important role in the reproductive pathway, Vg occurs in nonreproductive worker honey bee, suggesting its participation in other pathways. The objective was to verify if the VgR occurs in the hypopharyngeal glands of Apis mellifera workers and how Vg is internalized by these cells. VgR occurrence in the hypopharyngeal glands was evaluated by qPCR analyses of VgR and immunohistochemistry in workers with different tasks. The VgR gene is expressed in the hypopharyngeal glands of workers with higher transcript levels in nurse honey bees. VgR is more expressed in 11-day-old workers from queenright colonies, compared to orphan ones. Nurse workers with developed hypopharyngeal glands present higher VgR transcripts than those with poorly developed glands. The immunohistochemistry results showed the co-localization of Vg, VgR and clathrin (protein that plays a major role in the formation of coated vesicles in endocytosis) in the hypopharyngeal glands, suggesting receptor-mediated endocytosis. The results demonstrate that VgR performs the transport of Vg to the hypopharyngeal glands, supporting the Ovary Ground Plan Hypothesis and contributing to the understanding of the role of this gland in the social context of honey bees.

Nurse Staffing, Work Hours, Mandatory Overtime, and Turnover in Acute Care Hospitals Affect Nurse Job Satisfaction, Intent to Leave, and Burnout: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objectives: This study examined the impact of nurse staffing, working hours, mandatory overtime, and turnover on nurse outcomes in acute care hospitals. Previous studies have focused on the single characteristics of sub-optimal nurse staffing but have not considered them comprehensively. Methods: Data were collected in July-September 2022 using convenience sampling and an online survey (N = 397). For the analysis, 264 nurses working as staff nurses at 28 hospitals met the inclusion criteria. Univariate analysis and multivariable generalized estimating equation (GEE) were performed. Results: Both nurse staffing (β = -0.036, standard error [SE] = 0.011) and turnover (β = -0.006, SE = 0.003) were significant factors affecting job satisfaction. In the multivariable GEE, only mandatory overtime (β = 0.395, SE = 0.116) was significantly related to intent to leave. Nurse staffing, work hours, mandatory overtime, and turnover were not significantly related to burnout. Subjective health status and workload were significantly associated with burnout. Conclusion: Nurse staffing policies and improvement programs in hospitals should be implemented to improve nurses' job satisfaction. Labor policy should ban mandatory overtime.

지방 종합병원 밀레니얼 세대 간호사의 이직의도 영향요인

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the relationship between work-life balance, professionalism, the nursing work environment, job satisfaction, and turnover intention, and to identify the influencing factors on turnover intention among millennial nurses at rural general hospitals. Method: Participants were 154 nurses born after 1989, working in two general hospitals located in C city of G province. Data were collected from August 25 to September 6, 2023, using a self-report questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression analyses were conducted using SPSS version 25.0. Results: In the hierarchical regression analysis, the variables affecting turnover intention were years of total experience, with different impacts noted for those with less than 1 to 5 years (β=.34, p=.002) and more than 5 years (β=.38, p=.001) in Model 1. In Model 2, work-life balance (β=-.19, p=.019) and professionalism (β=-.26, p=.001) were significant variables affecting turnover intention. Model 3 showed that the nursing work environment was an additional significant variable affecting turnover intention (β=-.35, p&lt;.001), but job satisfaction (β =-.06, p=.507) did not significantly affect turnover intention. The total explanatory power was 34.9% (F=9.73, p&lt;.001, R²=.349). Conclusion: The results suggest that various nursing management strategies and career management programs that consider nurses’ clinical experience and the nursing work environment are needed to reduce nurses’ turnover intention.

Commentary: Visiting Nurses’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs Regarding Telehealth to Promote Medication Compliance in the Older Adult Population: A Qualitative Study

As a Visiting Nurse working with the older adult population for the past 27yrs, I fully appreciate the use of Telehealth technology in the home care setting to assist with medication reconciliation, since nurses in the home health field are frequently unable to make desired visits based on financial restraints, limited nursing staff and the Covid pandemic that occurred during the above-mentioned study.

Critical care nurses' experiences of communication-vulnerable patients in the intensive care unit and the influence on rendering compassionate care.

Interventions administered to critically ill patients, including mechanical ventilation, sedation or other treatments may hinder communication between patients and nurses. These communication challenges may affect critical care nurses' ability to provide compassionate, person-centred care. To identify nurses' experiences with patients who are communication-vulnerable in the intensive care unit and how they affect nurses' ability to offer compassionate care. This qualitative explorative descriptive study involved nurses who worked in intensive care units from four private hospitals in Gauteng, South Africa. Focus groups were conducted with 30 critical care nurses in groups of two to six participants each. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes. Five main themes were identified based on nurses' reports of their experiences with critically ill patients who experience communication difficulties and their impact on rendering compassionate care. Themes were deductively identified based on the social purposes of communication categories. Participants indicated that communication-vulnerable patients influence their ability to provide compassionate care. Generally, the physical, emotional, social and communication difficulties of assisting communication-vulnerable patients caused nurses to feel frustrated and negative towards their work environment, which added to their work stress and sometimes resulted in compassion fatigue. The study shows that various factors could impact the nurses' ability to provide compassionate care and that they require support to provide person-centred care. These factors can include the physical environment, the patient's alertness and awareness and institutional barriers. To support nurses in providing compassionate care, communication partner training may be warranted. This study aims to increase awareness of the aspects that may contribute to compassion fatigue for nurses. By identifying these aspects greater support can be provided by facilities where nurses work.

Role of Emotional Intelligence, in Relationship between Compassion Satisfaction, Compassion Fatigue and Quality of Life Among Nurses Working in ICU

Background: Intensive Care Unit (ICU) nurses encounter emotionally taxing situations that can affect their well-being, making the examination of factors such as emotional intelligence (EI), compassion satisfaction, and fatigue crucial in understanding their quality of life. Objective: This study aimed to explore the interplay between EI, compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, and quality of life among ICU nurses, and to examine the mediating role of EI in these relationships. Methods: A convenience sampling method was employed to collect data from 167 ICU nurses using a structured online questionnaire. Demographic data and measures for compassion satisfaction, fatigue, EI, and quality of life were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Path coefficients and mediation analysis were conducted using Partial Least Squares (PLS). Results: The majority of participants were below 30 years (76.2%) and female (67.9%). EI positively correlated with quality of life (path coefficient = 0.139, p = 0.007) and was a partial mediator between compassion satisfaction and quality of life. Higher compassion satisfaction was significantly associated with increased EI and quality of life (path coefficients = 0.264 and 0.628, respectively, p &lt; 0.001). Gender-based analysis revealed differences in quality of life (Males: M = 100.65, SD = 7.98; Females: M = 96.58, SD = 12.59; p = 0.035) and compassion fatigue (Males: M = 65.24, SD = 7.77; Females: M = 61.42, SD = 8.59; p = 0.007). Conclusion: Emotional intelligence is instrumental in enhancing quality of life by mediating the effects of compassion satisfaction and fatigue among ICU nurses. These insights suggest that interventions aimed at increasing EI may be beneficial for nurses facing the demanding conditions of ICU environments.

0348 The Mediating Role of Sleep Duration in the Link Between Night Shift Work and Inflammation in Nurses

0348 The Mediating Role of Sleep Duration in the Link Between Night Shift Work and Inflammation in Nurses

Development of an infection control competency scale for clinical nurses: an instrument design study.

Nurses work in close proximity to patients, and as such, they can have a direct impact on the control of infections; thus, it is important for nurses to be competent in infection control. However, the scales used to measure infection control performance in nurses are not suitable for measuring infection control competencies that reflect nurses' expertise, clinical environment, and work. Thus, this study aimed to develop a valid and reliable measure to assess infection control competency of clinical nurses. A concept analysis, using a hybrid model, was performed on the infection control competency of clinical nurses to confirm the components and develop 67 initial items. Ten experts evaluated the content validity of these items, and a Korean language expert and a Doctor of Nursing reviewed the questions to consolidate them into 59 items. Subsequently, 267 nurses working at a certified tertiary hospital in D City were surveyed to confirm the validity and reliability of the scale. As a result of the study, the final scale comprising seven factors and 33 questions was derived, and the cumulative explanatory power of these factors was 60.8%. To verify convergent and discriminant validity, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted, and the average variance extraction index, composite reliability values, and confidence interval of the correlation coefficient between factors were confirmed. Convergent and discriminant validities were verified by comparison with standard values. The Cronbach's α for the entire scale in this study was 0.93. Consequently, the validity and reliability of the clinical nurses' infection control competency measurement scale were verified. The validity and reliability of the infection control competency measurement scale for clinical nurses (ICCS-CN) developed in this study was verified, and the scale can be effectively used to measure the infection control competency of clinical nurses. Measuring the infection control competency of clinical nurses will help reduce the harm caused by infection and ensure patient safety by decreasing infection rates in medical institutions.

The COVID-19 Lived Experience Through the Eyes of Nursing and Social Work Students.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experiences of nursing and social work students who were taking courses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Focus group discussions gave students a chance to express the pandemic's effects on their education and life. Methods: A hermeneutic phenomenological approach using Van Manen's Four Lifeworld Existentials guided this study. Using an open-ended format, interviews were conducted in 6 small groups ranging from 2 to 9 individuals, in person or via Zoom. The study was conducted from May to August 2022 in a university setting with 23 participants. Results: Ten existential themes emerged: Being Behind, Groundhog Day, Trying to Keep Up, Loss of Community, Fear of COVID, Being Alone, What is Self-Care?, Is This Career Right for Me?, What is Healthy?, and Access to Counseling. Conclusions: Participants indicated that the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted educational delivery, limiting learning opportunities and increasing feelings of isolation, stress, and anxiety. Implications for Education and the Future Workforce: Projected health-care workforce shortages may be exacerbated by students departing from the health-care professions as a result of increased burnout. Resilience training while in school is necessary to help promote coping, self-care strategies, and retention in the health-care professions.