Numerical Wave Tank Research Articles

Wave Propagation Studies in Numerical Wave Tanks with Weakly Compressible Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics

Generation and propagation of waves in a numerical wave tank constructed using Weakly Compressible Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (WCSPH) are considered here. Numerical wave tank simulations have been carried out with implementations of different Wendland kernels in conjunction with different numerical dissipation schemes. The simulations were accelerated by using General Process Graphics Processing Unit (GPGPU) computing to utilize the massively parallel nature of the simulations and thus improve process efficiency. Numerical experiments with short domains have been carried out to validate the dissipation schemes used. The wave tank experiments consist of piston-type wavemakers and appropriate passive absorption arrangements to facilitate comparisons with theoretical predictions. The comparative performance of the different numerical wave tank experiments was carried out on the basis of the hydrostatic pressure and wave surface elevations. The effect of numerical dissipation with the different kernel functions was also studied on the basis of energy analysis. Finally, the observations and results were used to arrive at the best possible numerical set up for simulation of waves at medium and long distances of propagation, which can play a significant role in the study of extreme waves and energy localizations observed in oceans through such numerical wave tank simulations.

A generalized second-order 3D theory for coupling multidirectional wave propagation from a numerical model to a physical model. Part I: Derivation, implementation and model verification

Numerical and physical modeling are the two main tools available for predicting the influence of water waves on coastal or offshore structures. Both models have their strengths and weaknesses. An integrated use of numerical and physical modeling which exploits their advantages can provide an optimal description of full-scale, realistic engineering problems. In this series of two papers, we report on a generalized three-dimensional (3D) deterministic coupling theory for multidirectional nonlinear wave propagation from a numerical model to a physical model up to second order. In this work, the second-order coupling theory developed by [Z. Yang, S. Liu, H.B. Bingham and J. Li, 2014a. Second-order coupling of numerical and physical wave tanks for 2D irregular waves. Part I Formulation, implementation and numerical properties. Coast. Eng. 92, 48–60] and the ad hoc unified wave generation theory developed by [H. Zhang, H.A., Schäffer, K.P., Jakobsen, 2007. Deterministic combination of numerical and physical coastal wave models. Coast. Eng. 54, 171–186.] have been extended to include the coupling between multidirectional nonlinear waves. In part I of this article series, the full second-order 3D coupling theory for multidirectional nonlinear waves is been described in detail. A novel generalized fully-nonlinear motion boundary equation has been derived, which allows the interface between the numerical and physical wave domains to be a 3D arbitrarily shaped wavemaker system. The corresponding 3D wave coupling equation is given for I-, L-, and O-shaped wavemaker layouts. The new formulation is presented in a unified form for an arbitrarily shaped layout of planar wavemakers, and covers both hinged and piston wavemaker types. For the second-order dispersive correction of the paddle stroke, the super-harmonic and sub-harmonic wave-wave interactions have been taken into account. For practical implementation, a typical discretization method for the 3D coupling equations is derived by considering the case of the I-shaped piston wavemaker. The new 3D coupling equations are solved by a combined five-point Lagrange interpolation and the fourth-order Runge–Kutta scheme. Numerical evaluations of the implementation have been conducted by considering a theoretical second-order unidirectional wave field over a range of spatial and time resolutions. The results thus obtained indicate that the proposed discretization scheme is accurate and effective. In addition, the precision of the discrete scheme is observed to be closely related to the spatial and temporal resolution. A separate experimental validation of the theory is presented in Part II.

Numerical investigation of hydrodynamic characteristics and local scour mechanism around submarine pipelines under joint effect of solitary waves and currents

Submarine pipelines, as an important tool for oil and gas transportation, have been distributed in offshore oil and gas fields worldwide. Under extreme waves, a large number of submarine pipelines have been damaged in the past decades. In order to investigate the effect of extreme marine environments on the pipelines, the joint effect of solitary waves and background currents on the pipelines is numerically studied in this paper by using a numerical wave tank developed with a free surface tracking approach and the immersed boundary method. The sediment transport module including packed and suspended sediment is incorporated with the flow module. In order to ensure the calculation accuracy of this model, three verification cases related to the wave propagation profile, the hydrodynamic force on the cylinder and the scour hole profile are simulated and the numerical results match the experimental and analytical results well. Given the combined wave exerts on the different pipelines, the environmental variables consider the background current velocity and wave height, and the pipeline arrangement includes the different diameters and the suspended pipeline and tandem pipeline. It is noted that the hydrodynamic characteristics, the forces and the local scour around the pipeline are closely related to the background current and the diameter and layout of the pipeline. It is anticipated that the findings in this paper will enhance our understanding of the damage mechanism of submarine pipeline by waves and may also be useful in future design practices for pipelines.

A numerical solution of the wave–body interactions for a freely floating vertical cylinder in different water depths using OpenFOAM

In the present study, a finite volume method based on Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations is developed numerically in OpenFOAM to simulate two-phase flows around a freely floating cylinder in a numerical wave tank (NWT). All numerical computations are carried out using interDyMFoam solver, manipulating dynamic mesh. The left wall of NWT oscillates as a paddle wave-maker to produce desired waves. The accuracy of the current numerical method is confirmed by evaluating the results of some published experimental benchmarks, including the generation of regular waves in NWT and also the response of two fixed and floating objects in waves. Based on the current study findings, OpenFOAM is capable of predicting these cases of wave–structure interaction with good delicacy. Additionally, the moving wall of NWT as a flap-type wave-maker can produce waves with different attributes sufficiently. In the following, the influence of regular waves on a circular cylinder, operating freely in deep water, as well as the effect of the water depth on the cylinder’s movement and forces acting on it are assessed. The results indicated that the change in the water depth has a significant effect on the response of the freely floating cylinder in waves.

Development and Validation of a DFC-Based Numerical Wave Tank for the Analysis of Wave-Structure Interaction of the Novel REEFS WEC

The development of new wave energy converters (WEC) usually involves small-scale experiments in physical wave tanks. It is an expensive and time consuming process that can be partially replaced by CFD models. With CFD approach, it is possible to numerically simulate complex flows with high accuracy at low cost. This article describes an approach based on guidelines taken from literature review, adopted to develop and validate a CFD based numerical wave tank (CNWT) of a novel multipurpose wave energy converter named REEFS. An incremental validation procedure was adopted, beginning with wave-only tests followed by wave-structure interaction tests. Comparisons of numerical and laboratorial results were performed for both cases, showing a maximum deviation of 7% in wave-only tests. Snapshot comparisons of numerical and experimental 3D views of the free water surface were also performed to check the numerical model behavior across the spatial domain. The results showed that the CNWT model can adequately simulate the global wave surface profile, as well as local phenomena such as the Venturi aspiration effect that typically occurs near the stay vanes of the device, encouraging the adoption of this model for REEFS WEC analysis.

Numerical Investigation on Hydrodynamic Energy Conversion Performance of Breakwater-Integrated Oscillating Water Column-Wave Energy Converters

Various wave energy converters (WECs) have been developed to utilize ocean wave energy resources. Among them, an oscillating water column (OWC) device is a promising wave energy converter that has undergone several pilot tests in the ocean with various prototype devices. Recently, a breakwater-integrated OWC-WEC system was proposed to improve the economic feasibility by reducing the construction and installation costs of the OWC chamber structure. In this study, a numerical investigation was conducted to simulate the hydrodynamic energy conversion problem for a breakwater-integrated OWC-WEC. The boundary value problem with the Laplace equation was solved directly by using a three-dimensional numerical wave tank based on a finite element method in the time domain. In the present numerical method, an efficient numerical model for the tetrapod (TTP), which is an armored rubble mound breakwater, was introduced using multiple blocks and numerical damping zone. Further, numerical investigations were performed on the effects of breakwater integration, TTP layer modeling, and the application of the numerical damping zone, and their features in terms of the wavefield and the OWC chamber responses were analyzed. Finally, the validity of the present numerical method was examined by comparing it with the experimental data.

WAVE FIELD GENERATED BY FINITE-SPAN HYDROFOILS OPERATING BENEATH A FREE SURFACE

The present paper focuses on the numerical investigation of the flow around the fully submerged 2D and 3D hydrofoils operating close to a free surface. Iterative boundary element method is implemented to predict the flow field. This study aims to investigate the aspect ratio effect on the free surface interactions and hydrodynamic performance of the hydrofoils under a free surface by using potential flow theory. Three different submergence depths and aspect ratios are studied in the wide range of Froude Numbers. In 3D cases, spanwise width of the numerical wave tank model is selected both equal and wider to the foil span, to observe the sidewall effects. Wave field seems to be two dimensional at low Froude numbers. On the other hand, signs of three dimensionalities are observed on the free surface structure for higher Fn, even the predicted wave elevations are very close to 2D calculations in the midsection. Increment in the Fn give a rise to the amplitude of the generated waves first, however a further increase in Fn has a lowering effect with the beginning of waves spill in the spanwise direction in the form of Kelvin waves. Free surface proximity and resultant wave field are also seeming to be linked with the lift force on the hydrofoil. As aspect ratio of the foil increase, 3D lift values are getting closer to those of 2D calculations. However, it is seen that, 3D BEM predictions of a hydrofoil under free surface effect cannot be considered two-dimensional even the aspect ratio is equal to 8.

Intercomparison of Three Open-Source Numerical Flumes for the Surface Dynamics of Steep Focused Wave Groups

NewWave-type focused wave groups are commonly used to simulate the design wave for a given sea state. These extreme wave events are challenging to reproduce numerically by the various Numerical Wave Tanks (NWTs), due to the high steepness of the wave group and the occurring wave-wave interactions. For such complex problems, the validation of NWTs against experimental results is vital for confirming the applicability of the models. Intercomparisons among different solvers are also important for selecting the most appropriate model in terms of balancing between accuracy and computational cost. The present study compares three open-source NWTs in OpenFOAM, SWASH and HOS-NWT, with experimental results for limiting breaking focused wave groups. The comparison is performed by analysing the propagation of steep wave groups and their extracted harmonics after employing an accurate focusing methodology. The scope is to investigate the capabilities of the solvers for simulating extreme NewWave-type groups, which can be used as the “design wave” for ocean and coastal engineering applications. The results demonstrate the very good performance of the numerical models and provide valuable insights to the design of the NWTs, while highlighting potential limitations in the reproduction of specific harmonics of the wave group.

Improvements in MLPG formulation for 3D wave interaction with fixed structures

This paper presents new developments in meshless local Petrov–Galerkin with Rankine source (MLPG_R) particle based method for studying interaction of waves with fixed structures in a numerical wave-tank. A new 3D formulation of the Lagrangian flow problem for incompressible fluid with optimised solution strategy is presented. The pressure Poisson equation is solved in local weak-form with integration done semi-analytically using a new symmetric expression. The wave-generation is done using one-way coupling with a 2D fully-nonlinear potential theory based finite-element model. Further a simple identification method for free-surface particles is proposed, which is shown to work well in vicinity of the structure. The solid-wall boundary condition is treated using ghost and mirror particles for accurate calculation of gradients. The waterline on domain boundary faces is treated using a tangentially moving side-wall approach which makes this particle based scheme capable of capturing small amplitude waves and focusing waves. The paper briefly presents experimental setup used for studying the interaction of a fixed emergent cylinder with uni-directional regular and focusing waves in 3D. The numerical model is validated against results from this experiment. An analysis is conducted on parameters related to local integration domain, wave-making coupling algorithm, particle distribution and time-step. This work highlights the use of hybrid approach for efficient and accurate simulation of waves-structure interaction.

NEW DEVELOPMENTS FOR CFD HYBRID MODELING FOR NUMERICAL WAVE TANKS

The use of CFD for numerical representation of laboratory wave flume and basins, commonly known as numerical wave tanks (NWT), has become more popular in recent years with the aim of improving knowledge in the field of wave-structure interaction (WSI), both fixed and floating, due to advances that have been made in numerical modelling, mainly with the reproduction of three dimensional problems. The use of this technique is displacing even traditional approaches based on the use of potential flow equations, due to the versatility provided by the CFD approach, which allows considering nonlinear interactions between structures and waves, and above all, extreme events such as wave breaking. However, implementation of these models as a complementary tool to physical modeling facilities is not yet standardized and requires further development to hybridize these two techniques, numerical and experimental, in order to obtain a better knowledge of physical processes. Implementation still requires overcoming existing modeling limitations and the additional steps to be taken focus on the following areas are: a) numerically mirror wave generation and active/passive absorption in physical installations; b) numerical resolution of WSI problems, which to date depends on each WSI case; c) computational cost, which may be the bottleneck for NWT implementation; and, finally, the most important feature that is where the added value of the hybrid approach lies, d) the exchange of information between the laboratory measurements and the results of the numerical simulations in order to obtain a better understanding of WSI problems. This paper will present an analysis of the main aspects described above for the implementation of hybrid techniques for the study of WSI problems (floating and fixed). The latest advances in modeling developed with IHFOAM solver (ihfoam.ihcantabria.com), and physical modeling procedures to link laboratory and numerical tools will be presented. The main objective is establishing a standard procedure to implement this technique in any physical installation.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/6mAQccSrREM

VERIFICATION OF MULTI DIRECTIONAL WAVE GENERATION BASED ON THREE-DIMENSIONAL NUMERICAL WAVE TANK

Although it is still tricky to stably solve multi-directional irregular waves using a three-dimensional numerical wave tank, several studies have been carried out in recent years with the development of computers (e.g., Wang et al., 2019). In order to calculate stable multidirectional irregular waves, it is necessary to devise the incident boundary conditions. In this study, the wave generation source model (Yamano et al., 2010), which can generate waves in the calculation domain, was applied to verify the stable multi-directional irregular wave generation based on 3D Navier-Stokes simulations. At first, it was verified whether unidirectional irregular waves could be generated or not. Next, multidirectional irregular waves were verified. The calculation time was also summarized.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link):

Hydraulic performance of oscillating water column structures as anti-reflection devices to reduce harbour agitation

This paper aims at assessing the effectiveness of an oscillating water column device, generally conceived and studied as a wave energy converter, as an anti-reflective system to be integrated into vertical wall harbour structures. The wave-structure interaction is studied with simulations carried out in a numerical wave tank, implemented in the computational fluid dynamics environment OpenFOAM®. Reflected and radiated wave components are decomposed and the interaction between these components is studied. A quasi-standing wave field is present in front of the structure. The effect of design parameters and hydrodynamic conditions on the reflection properties and on the wave field in front of the structure is discussed. Results are analysed in terms of dimensionless parameters and original empirical formulae to predict the wave reflection are given. Minimum reflection coefficients (including both properly reflected and radiated waves) around 15% are found, suggesting that the OWC could efficiently be used to reduce wave agitation in front of vertical wall harbour structures. The reflection coefficient is primarily influenced by the ratio of the camber length W to the incident wavelength L, with minimum values for W/L = 0.1–0.17. Minimum values of the ratio of the quasi-antinode height to the incident wave height around 1.1 are found.

Investigation of Turbulence Modeling for Point-Absorber-Type Wave Energy Converters

Reviewing the literature of CFD-based numerical wave tanks for wave energy applications, it can be observed that different flow conditions and different turbulence models are applied during numerical wave energy converter (WEC) experiments. No single turbulence model can be identified as an `industry standard’ for WEC modeling. The complexity of the flow field around a WEC, together with the strong dependency of turbulence effects on the shape, operational conditions, and external forces, hampers the formulation of such an `industry standard’. Furthermore, the conceptually different flow characteristics (i.e., oscillating, free surface flows), compared to the design cases of most turbulence models (i.e., continuous single-phase flow), can be identified as a source for the potential lack of accuracy of turbulence models for WEC applications. This communication performs a first step towards analyzing the accuracy and necessity of modeling turbulence effects, by means of turbulence models, within CFD-based NWTs for WEC applications. To that end, the influence of turbulence models and, in addition, the influence of the initial turbulence intensity is investigated based on different wave–structure interaction cases considering two separately validated WEC models. The results highlight the complexity of such a `turbulence analysis’ and the study suggests specific future work to get a better understanding of the model requirements for the flow field around WECs.

A numerical modeling‐based predictive methodology for the assessment of the impacts of ship waves on YOY fish

AbstractThe effects of inland navigation on the aquatic ecosystem are numerous. One of the most relevant impacts from the ecohydraulic point of view is ship‐induced waves, resulting in the local and temporary alteration of the hydrodynamic regime, especially in shallow water areas. In this paper, a novel hydrodynamic modeling‐based evaluation framework is presented and tested for the prediction of habitat use and drift risk of juvenile fish during wave events of different intensities. A vertically resolved numerical wave tank was built up using field measurements of a real vessel‐generated wave event from the Hungarian Danube. High‐frequency pressure time series were utilized to numerically reproduce the phase accurate wave trains, while acoustic Doppler velocity time series were exploited for the verification of the model. Results of the spatiotemporally resolved hydrodynamic model were combined with data from the literature to explore a case study of juvenile Nase (Chondrostoma nasus). Results highlighted the significant horizontal extension (10–15 m) of the area exposed to decreased habitat suitability and increased drift risk. Moreover, the model revealed significant vertical variabilities in the investigated near‐bank area as well, emphasizing the relevance of depth resolved hydrodynamic modeling in ecohydraulic investigations.

Numerical study of effects of gap and incident wave steepness on water resonance between two rectangular barges

A 2D numerical wave tank based on the fully nonlinear potential flow theory is built to simulate the water resonance between two fixed rectangular barges, focusing on the influence of the gap width and incident wave steepness on the liquid motion and hydrodynamic forces on the surrounding bodies. The initial boundary value problem (IBVP) for disturbed velocity potential is solved through boundary element method (BEM) in the time domain. Some special treatments, such as remeshing, smoothing, and jet and plunging wave cutting, are applied to the free surface to suppress the numerical instability. With reference to the gap size, it is found that piston mode is predominant in the case of narrow gap, while higher sloshing modes dominate in the case of wide gap. With the increase in incident wave steepness and hence the associated surface nonlinear effect, the normalised liquid motion in the gap varies slightly when the piston mode dominates, while at higher-order sloshing modes it drops dramatically at or near resonance.

Numerical Investigation on the Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Coastal Bridge Decks under the Impact of Extreme Waves

Qu, K.; Sun, W.Y.; Ren, X.Y.; Kraatz, S., and Jiang, C.B., 2021. Numerical investigation on the hydrodynamic characteristics of coastal bridge decks under the impact of extreme waves. Journal of Coastal Research, 37(2), 442–455. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.Extreme waves, such as freak waves or rogue waves, occur unexpectedly in the ocean and have extremely large wave heights. Extreme waves often are attributed to the process of wave focusing. Coastal structures such as bridges are highly susceptible to extreme waves and have caused substantial damage to coastal infrastructure in the past. Although impacts of various types of waves on coastal bridges have been studied in the past, hydrodynamic loads on bridge deck under the impact of extreme waves have not yet been investigated. This work adds to the existing body of work by systematically carrying out numerical investigations on the hydrodynamic characteristics of coastal bridge decks under the impact of extreme waves generated by wave focusing. Simulations were carried out by creating a numerical wave tank (NWT) using the open-source flow solver REEF3D, which numerically solves the governing equations of the incompressible two-phase flow on a staggered mesh and captures the interface between air and water using a high-resolution level-set method. The NWT was validated for the case of focused waves and wave impact loads on a two-dimensional (2D) rectangular cylinder in a straight channel and compared to experimental measurements. The NWT was then used to study the hydrodynamic loads of a coastal bridge deck by considering the effects of four prominent factors, i.e. submersion depth, wave height, wave period, and water depth. The findings made in this paper enhance the understanding of the damage mechanisms of coastal bridges under the impact of extreme waves.

A Finite Volume Based Fully Nonlinear Potential Flow Model for Water Wave Problems

A new Fully Nonlinear Potential Flow (FNPF) numerical model has been developed for the simulation of nonlinear water wave problems. At each time step, the mixed boundary value problem for the flow field is spatially discretised by Finite Volume Method (FVM) and the kinematic and dynamic free surface boundary conditions are defined in a semi-Eulerian-Lagrangian form, which are used to update the wave elevation and velocity potential on the free surface. In the numerical model, waves are generated through a relaxation zone and absorbed by an artificial damping zone at the inlet and outlet of the numerical wave tank (NWT), respectively. Instead of a five-point smoothing technique, a more versatile fourth-order technique is developed to eliminate the possible saw-tooth instability at the free surface. Test cases with increasing complexities, such as wave generation and absorption, 2- and 3-Dimensional wave shoaling, and wave-cylinder interaction are simulated to assess its accuracy, convergence, and robustness. For all the cases considered, satisfactory agreements of free surface elevation and wave-induced forces against the experimental measurements and other existing numerical results are achieved. The developed numerical model fully utilises the existing functionalities in OpenFOAM and has the potential to provide an effective alternative to other FNPF based models for constructing a hybrid numerical wave tank model through its coupling with the multiphase flow models in OpenFOAM.

Propagation of a solitary wave over a finite submerged thin plate

For the purpose of this paper, the in-house large-eddy simulation code, Hydro3D, is refined to study wave structure interaction. First of all, the code is used to develop a numerical wave tank capable of simulating accurately the generation, progression and damping of solitary waves in a tank. Then, Hydro3d is employed to simulate a previous laboratory experiment of a wave propagating over an infinitely wide flat plate. The code’s accuracy is validated by comparing computed waterlevels and hydrodynamic forces on the plate with measured data for which good agreement is found for a number of conditions (i.e. varying wave steepness or plate submergence, respectively). Then the study is extended to investigate three-dimensional effects for which the infinitely wide plate is replaced by a finite square plate. It is found that the pressure difference between the lower and upper side of the plate drives a span-wise flow and creates unique flow structures and water-surface fluctuations near the plate due to the three-dimensionality of the problem. A further three-dimensional study is conducted for which the finite plate is fixed at an angle of attack in respect to the incident wave and variations in hydrodynamic forces and free-surface elevations are computed. Both vertical and horizontal forces are reduced when the plate is fixed at 45∘ degrees and minor water-level fluctuations appear, reflecting the pattern of the rotational flow near the plate edges. Plots of the velocity vectors, swirl-strength, pressure and wave elevation and acting forces reveal significant differences between an infinitely wide and a finite square plate subjected to a solitary wave.

Higher-order Spectral Method for Regular and Irregular Wave Simulations

In this study, a nonlinear wave simulation code is developed using a higher-order spectral (HOS) method. The HOS method is very efficient because it can determine the solution of the boundary value problem using fast Fourier transform (FFT) without matrix operation. Based on the HOS order, the vertical velocity of the free surface boundary was estimated and applied to the nonlinear free surface boundary condition. Time integration was carried out using the fourth order Runge–Kutta method, which is known to be stable for nonlinear free-surface problems. Numerical stability against the aliasing effect was guaranteed by using the zero-padding method. In addition to simulating the initial wave field distribution, a nonlinear adjusted region for wave generation and a damping region for wave absorption were introduced for wave generation simulation. To validate the developed simulation code, the adjusted simulation was carried out and its results were compared to the eighth order Stokes theory. Long-time simulations were carried out on the irregular wave field distribution, and nonlinear wave propagation characteristics were observed from the results of the simulations. Nonlinear adjusted and damping regions were introduced to implement a numerical wave tank that successfully generated nonlinear regular waves. According to the variation in the mean wave steepness, irregular wave simulations were carried out in the numerical wave tank. The simulation results indicated an increase in the nonlinear interaction between the wave components, which was numerically verified as the mean wave steepness. The results of this study demonstrate that the HOS method is an accurate and efficient method for predicting the nonlinear interaction between waves, which increases with wave steepness.

REEF3D Wave Generation Interface for Commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics Codes

Abstract In recent years, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) developments have shown a trend to combine Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) CFD simulation with other methods such as wave theories or velocity potential-based numerical wave tanks, in order to reduce to computation costs. This is however not a new approach, and there exists a large amount of literature about domain decomposition techniques describing a two way coupling between the RANS CFD models and other methods. One can also observe an increasing popularity in the use of a less sophisticated technique where different fluid solvers are combined with one-way coupling. In these methods, a predefined solution is provided in the far-field, while a three-dimensional (3D) CFD simulation is applied in a limited zone near the structure. The predefined solution is used to specify the background far-field solution. The published solutions use wave theory or a numerical wave tank where the predefined solution is calculated parallel to the RANS solver. In this way, it is possible to reduce the interpolation inaccuracy and the amount of transferred data to the CFD simulation. The disadvantage of this technique is that the far field solver has to be prepared in order to run in parallel with the CFD solver. Due to the one way coupling, it is possible to predefine this information in tables before the CFD simulation. This technique makes it possible to define a general interface between difference solvers without modifying existing codes. This paper presents such a technique where the predefined solution is stored into files.