Background The mismatch between supply and demand is the primary issue in the development of health service industry in China. The study aims to explore the relationship between the demand for and satisfaction of residents in Chongqing, China from health service products, in order to analyze the supply priority of health service industry from the perspective of residents. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a multi-stage stratified random sampling method was adopted to survey 1100 residents who were from 4 districts and 8 communities in Chongqing, China. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with a standardized questionnaire. Chi-square test was used to analyze the differences of satisfaction and demand between the 11 sub-categories of health service industry. Pearson and Spearman correlation analysis were used to analyze the numerical values and rankings of demand and satisfaction scores, and then the scatter plot was drawn to establish the two-dimensional coupled model of demand and satisfaction. Results Demand for and satisfaction from health service industry of various sub-categories were relatively high. Among them, the highest coupled value of demand and satisfaction was health security industry. Primary health care industry, professional public health service industry and other nine industries followed. The scores of health education service industry were the lowest. Conclusions: Based on the two-dimensional coupled model of demand and satisfaction, 11 sub-categories of health service industry fall into three classes: Class I is the most urgently needed industrial type and should be given supply priority; Class II is the demand-oriented industrial type, which should be developed proactively based on the actual conditions; Class III is the type to be nurtured, which requires rational development when the market demand grows.