Numerical Operations Research Articles

P.220 Neuropsychological functioning in CMT type 2Z: A case report of language deficits masquerading as intellectual disability

CMT type 2Z is an increasingly studied form of CMT caused by mutation in the microrchidia family CW-type zinc finger 2 gene (<i>MORC2</i>). Intellectual disability is commonly reported in the small available literature in individuals with CMT2Z; however, neuropsychological data is lacking in this population, and especially in children. Here we present a case report of an 8-year-old boy with genetically confirmed CMT2Z due to a <i>de novo</i> pathogenic variant in the <i>MORC2</i> gene. This boy was referred for comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation by his neuromuscular multidisciplinary team. Results revealed a pattern of strengths and weaknesses consistent with parent report of developmental, language, and academic difficulties. However, overall thinking skills were highly variable, with Average visual and visuospatial skills in contrast to impaired verbal, working memory, and processing speed skills (WISC-V FSIQ=70, GAI=81; VCI=65, VSI=100, FRI=97, WMI=69, PSI=49). Level of independence day-to-day as rated by his mother fell in the impaired range (Vineland-3 ABC=67). Academic achievement was also impaired across skills (WIAT-III Early Reading Skills SS=40, Single Word Reading SS=52, Alphabet Writing Fluency SS=72, Spelling SS=51, Math Problem Solving SS=51, Numerical Operations SS=68). No clinically significant concerns were endorsed by his mother in terms of social-emotional functioning (i.e., externalizing, internalizing, or behavioral symptoms). Diagnostically, this child presents with a complex picture. Impairments in adaptive functioning raise concern for intellectual disability; however, given this child's uneven intellectual profile, with Average visual/visuospatial skills compared to impaired verbal skills, and impairments in virtually all other receptive and expressive language skills measured on exam, observed qualitatively, and reported by his mother, the most appropriate diagnosis is a language disorder. Children with language disorders have persistent difficulties in use of language due to deficits in production including reduced vocabulary, limited sentence structure, and impairments in discourse. Children with language disorders also have difficulties learning adaptive skills and with academic learning, which is also consistent with this child's profile. More research is needed, but the neurocognitive profile of children with CMT2Z is likely more complex than currently reported.

Compressive full-Stokes polarization and flexible hyperspectral imaging with efficient reconstruction

Polarization hyperspectral compressive imaging has wide application prospects due to reflecting rich information of the target from the spatial, spectral and polarization dimensions. However, compressive imaging methods are limited in system complexity and reconstruction efficiency. In this paper, the combination of a quarter-wave plate, a linear polarizer and a liquid crystal tunable filter enables compressive full-Stokes polarization and flexible hyperspectral imaging. Then, the four Stokes parameters can be quickly reconstructed with high precision through numerical operations and compressive sensing. Both simulations and experiments verify the effectiveness of this method. Compared with the feature scaling method, this work shortens the reconstruction time by 83.73%, and greatly improves the reconstruction result of the first Stokes parameter from limited reconstruction to accurate solution. This work not only gives insights from efficient reconstruction to system design, but also creates conditions for the application of polarization hyperspectral imaging in specific fields.

Enabling the drug combination of celecoxib through a spherical co-agglomeration strategy with controllable and stable drug content and good powder properties

Combining celecoxib with other chemopreventive drugs is a promising method of chemoprevention for cancer, especially for colorectal cancer. However, the traditional drug combination approaches are restricted with high-cost apparatus, complex and numerous unit operations. This work aims to develop an efficient spherical co-agglomeration strategy for celecoxib in combination with lovastatin, which can achieve drug combination in a single crystallization unit. The ternary solvent system was determined based on molecular simulation, and then a stable spherical agglomeration process was developed through the design of molar fraction of anti-solvent (MFA) and stirring rate to produce spherical agglomerates with high sphericity (84.2–89.9 %) and narrow size distribution. On this basis, celecoxib-benzoic acid spherical co-agglomerates were designed to form a complete spherical co-agglomeration strategy, which includes solvent system selection, spherical agglomeration and spherical co-agglomeration. Finally, celecoxib-lovastatin spherical co-agglomerates with synergistic efficacy were successfully produced by this strategy, with controllable and stable drug content (fluctuation < 2.7 %), good powder properties, and improved tabletability.

Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin - A Revolution in Periodontal Regeneration.

As of a few years ago, platelet concentrates have been applied in a variety of medical and dental procedures. A notable aspect is that platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is the most commonly utilized platelet concentrate in the field of dentistry. The most significant modification that was used over the years but had the biggest impact was injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I-PRF), which has more special properties. Additionally, the results of this I-PRF have been useful. The solid platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), which is a noticeable feature and has a low speed and duration in centrifugation, is the main advantage of I-PRF. I-PRF is primarily found in liquid form as PRF. It facilitates the quickening of increased vascularization and aids in accelerating the healing of wounds. An autologous blood concentration known as I-PRF has been known for many years.The advantage of I-PRF is that it exhibits constant release of growth factors and promotes cell migration by announcing the expression of type I collagen and transforming growth factor mRNA. The majority of the time, plastic and orthopedic operations use injectable platelet aggregates. It also reduces adverse reactions to transplanted material as compared to other grafting techniques. Additionally, it makes numerous other operations, like regenerative ones, much better options. In circumstances where it has been noticed, I-PRF is helpful and crucial in periodontics for bone regeneration and wound healing. It is therefore not difficult to predict that this fully autologous blood concentrate, which is now being utilized in numerous applications and requires little invasiveness, will become even more frequently used in the future. This review paper contains the differences between platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and PRF, the development of diverse platelets, and the use of I-PRF in periodontal therapy.

Liquid Copper and Iron Production from Chalcopyrite, in the Absence of Oxygen

Clean energy infrastructure depends on chalcopyrite: the mineral that contains 70% of the world’s copper reserves, as well as a range of precious and critical metals. Smelting is the only commercially viable route to process chalcopyrite, where the oxygen-rich environment dictates the distribution of impurities and numerous upstream and downstream unit operations to manage noxious gases and by-products. However, unique opportunities to address urgent challenges faced by the copper industry arise by excluding oxygen and processing chalcopyrite in the native sulfide regime. Through electrochemical experiments and thermodynamic analysis, gaseous sulfur and electrochemical reduction in a molten sulfide electrolyte are shown to be effective levers to selectively extract the elements in chalcopyrite for the first time. We present a new process flow to supply the increasing demand for copper and byproduct metals using electricity and an inert anode, while decoupling metal production from fugitive gas emissions and oxidized by-products.

Does Tawarruq still remain the top option for Islamic home financing (IHF) products in Malaysia?

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate whether Tawarruq Islamic home financing (IHF) products remain untouched and maintain their position as the top IHF product in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted a qualitative research methodology that included both literature review and content analysis. Firstly, the existing studies and literature were reviewed to compare different types of IHF. The composition of IHF products offered by these Islamic banks was then investigated further to analyse each bank’s progress in IHF from 2015 to 2019. The data were gathered from bank websites, brochures, product disclosure sheets and annual reports.FindingsThe findings reveal that around 62.5% of Islamic banks offered Tawarruq for IHF in the year 2020. For the banks that offered Tawarruq, the amount of the financing continued to grow each year. The plausible reason for the preference for Tawarruq was its less risky nature, despite facing numerous operating, legal and Shariah issues.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has several limitations, including the fact that it was limited to home financing products only, the methodology used and the research period.Practical implicationsThis study aimed to provide beneficial insights into the use of Tawarruq, which has been a source of concern for regulators as well as steps made to reduce its usage in the industry. Islamic banks should be more proactive in developing non-Tawarruq products to enhance product innovation in the market and minimise the heavy reliance on debt-based products.Originality/valueThis study provides useful insights by analysing IHF in depth for each Islamic bank and making recommendations for future research. Specifically, the method facilitated critical discussions and comparisons to previous research findings as to why Tawarruq has remained popular.

Narrow-stencil framework for convergent numerical approximations of fully nonlinear second order PDEs

This article develops a unified general framework for designing convergent finite difference and discontinuous Galerkin methods for approximating viscosity and regular solutions of fully nonlinear second order PDEs. Unlike the well-known monotone (finite difference) framework, the proposed new framework allows for the use of narrow stencils and unstructured grids which makes it possible to construct high order methods. The general framework is based on the concepts of consistency and g-monotonicity which are both defined in terms of various numerical derivative operators. Specific methods that satisfy the framework are constructed using numerical moments. Admissibility, stability, and convergence properties are proved,and numerical experiments are provided along with some computer implementation details.&#x0D; For more information see https://ejde.math.txstate.edu/conf-proc/26/f1/abstr.html

Construction of optical pulses and other solutions to optical fibers in absence of self-phase modulation

This paper investigates the optical solitons to the Biswas–Arshed equation (BAE) with third-order dispersion and self-steepening coefficients that communicate pulse propagation in fiber optics. The equation is considered where self-phase modulation is negligibly small and hence removed. Under different constraint conditions, the extended Fan sub-equation method (EFSEM) is used to derive the different kinds of solutions in the forms of bright, dark, singular, complex and combined solitons. In addition, Jacobi elliptic function (JEF) periodic, hyperbolic-type solutions are secured. This technique is useful for solving NLPDEs because it combines the results of numerous operations to provide previously extracted solutions as well as fresh solutions. While describing the physical representation of particular solutions, we also plot 3D, and 2D graphs by picking appropriate values for the solutions’ related parameters. On the basis of a comparison of our results with well-known ones, the study indicates that our answers are innovative. Nonlinear dynamical behavior of a particular system can be improved and the methodology applied can be shown to be effective by these findings. Engineering modelers will greatly benefit from this study, according to our opinion. Based on the results obtained, the computational method adopted is efficient and direct, as well as succinct and can be applied to complex systems.

Reducing circuit complexity in optical quantum computation using 3D architectures.

Integrated photonic architectures based on optical waveguides are one of the leading candidates for the future realisation of large-scale quantum computation. One of the central challenges in realising this goal is simultaneously minimising loss whilst maximising interferometric visibility within waveguide circuits. One approach is to reduce circuit complexity and depth. A major constraint in most planar waveguide systems is that beamsplitter transformations between distant optical modes require numerous intermediate SWAP operations to couple them into nearest neighbour proximity, each of which introduces loss and scattering. Here, we propose a 3D architecture which can significantly mitigate this problem by geometrically bypassing trivial intermediate operations. We demonstrate the viability of this concept by considering a worst-case 2D scenario, where we interfere the two most distant optical modes in a planar structure. Using femtosecond laser direct-writing technology we experimentally construct a 2D architecture to implement Hong-Ou-Mandel interference between its most distant modes, and a 3D one with corresponding physical dimensions, demonstrating significant improvement in both fidelity and efficiency in the latter case. In addition to improving fidelity and efficiency of individual non-adjacent beamsplitter operations, this approach provides an avenue for reducing the optical depth of circuits comprising complex arrays of beamsplitter operations.

Executive Functions Training for 7- to 10-Year-Old Students With Mathematics Difficulty: Instant Effects and 6-Month Sustained Effects

Executive function (EF) training has shown promise for remedying general EF deficiencies faced by students with mathematics difficulty (MD) and for improving their performance. However, latest research also suggests that the instant and sustained effects of EF training remain inconsistent. In this study, 32 Chinese students with MD, age 7 to 10 years, were recruited and randomly divided into two groups: the training group (n = 16, 25 training sessions) and the control group (n = 16). Both groups took a pretest, a posttest, and a follow-up test (after 6 months) on EF, fluid intelligence, and mathematics skills. In the posttest, the training group’s performance significantly improved in 2-back, number shifting, letter shifting, calculation fluency, and mathematics problem-solving tasks, but not in Stroop, Flanker, 1-back, numerical operations, and colored progressive matrices tasks. In the follow-up test after 6 months, the effects of training only on the 2-back and letter shifting tasks were sustained. The effect on the numerical operations task appeared; however, the effects on number shifting, calculation fluency, and mathematics problem-solving tasks disappeared. The results of this study show that EF training has instant effects of improving EF and mathematics skills of students with MD, and 6-month sustained effects on some of the improved skills. However, for fluid intelligence, the effects may be very limited.

Locust Bean gum-based hydrogels embedded magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles nanocomposite: Advanced materials for environmental and energy applications

This paper reports a simple method of designing and synthesizing magnetic iron oxide (IO) integrated locust bean gum-cl-polyacrylonitrile hydrogel nanocomposites (LBG-cl-PAN/IONP) by in situ mineralization of iron ions in a hydrogel matrix. A two-step gel crosslink method followed by co-precipitation method was used to prepare these novel hydrogels embedded with magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. The LBG-cl-PAN/IONP hydrogel nanocomposite (HNC) were tested in batch adsorption experiments for their ability to remove a cationic dyes, methylene blue (MB) & Methyl violet (MV), from aqueous solution. In order to analyze the LBG-cl-PAN/IONP HNC, FTIR, XRD, XPS, VSM, TEM, and EDX techniques were applied. Numerous operating parameters were studied, including the amount of adsorbent, the contact time, pH, temperature, the dye concentration, and the coexisting ion concentration. According to the Langmuir isotherm model, MB and MV had maximum monolayer adsorptive capacities of 1250 and 1111 mg/g, respectively. LBG-cl-PAN/IONP HNC controlled IONP oxidation as well as sustained adsorptive removal over a wide pH range (7–10). The key mechanism of adsorption consisted of electrostatic interaction and ion exchange. For successful use in successive cycles after regeneration using HNO3 as eluent, the LBG-cl-PAN/IONP HNC can easily be reused. As a material, the LBG-cl-PAN/IONP HNC is a promising sorbent or composite material for removing toxic dyes from water, and therefore can be applied to enhance water and wastewater treatment technology. Additionally, we have briefly evaluated LBG-cl-PAN/IONP HNC for antibacterial and supercapacitor applications. According to our knowledge, this is the first report describing the use of LBG-cl-PAN/IONP HNC multifunctional efficacy as an excellent sorbent, antibacterial and electrochemical supercapacitor applications.

Research on μPMU Configuration Optimization Considering Multiple Operation Modes of Distribution Network

A micro-phasor measurement unit (μPMU) configuration optimization approach is proposed in this article, considering the numerous operation modes of distribution network reconfiguration. The PSO algorithm with dynamic adaptability is used to optimize the setup of μPMU and improve the accuracy of state estimation for each distribution network operation mode. The configuration nodes of various operation modes are grouped and assessed by K-means according to the shortest distance, and the weights of the evaluation indexes are calculated by the AHP-CRITIC subjective and objective combination weighting method. The node with the highest comprehensive evaluation index is selected as the configuration node. The probability of multiple operation modes is then introduced. Finally, using the IEEE 118-bus distribution system as an example, the simulation demonstrates the proposed method’s effectiveness in improving distribution network state estimate.

Evaluating Image Redundancies by Analyzing Pixel Based Similarity Ratios

While bifurcating a video at a specific rate and extracting frames from it, there might be an occurrence of repetitive similar frames which can cause redundancy of data. As a result, computation time increases, thus causing problems in determining the most accurate frame for further computation such as content extraction, feature extraction, etc. The intent of this paper is to introduce a solution to detect such lightly identical frames from the input video as well as to detect similar images having equal dimensions from a database. The proposed detection algorithm in this research paper mainly focuses on converting frames to NumPy array objects and then performing array-based numerical operations on them, which also involves comparing a pair of images pixel-by-pixel to determine the similarity ratio between them. It returns a new dataset of frames having minimal duplicate frames, and a compressed version of the original video can be re-constructed using this dataset of frames. The key concept is to eradicate anomalies caused by the redundancy of frames.

Viscoelastic and Viscoplastic Glucose Theory Applications (VGT #45): Applying the Physics Concepts of Viscoelasticity and Viscoplasticity to Estimate the “Difference of Relative Energy Level” Measured by the Hysteresis Loop Area, a Biophysical and Engineering Phenomenon, along with the Carbs/Sugar Intake Grams, a Biomedical-Related Key Lifestyle Detail, from Inputs of Three Distinctive PPG Ranges to Provide a Guesstimated Damage Level of

Recently, the author applied theories of viscoelasticity and viscoplasticity from engineering and physics along with wave theory and energy theory from physics to conduct his biomedical research on output biomarkers of postprandial plasma glucose (PPG), which is one of the key indicators for diabetes, resulting from the input biomarker of carbs/sugar intake amounts, which is a major cause for hyperglycemia. In this article, he extracted three sub-groups of PPG waveforms and datasets during a long period of ~4 years from 5/8/2018 to 3/16/2022. All of the PPG data are collected via a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensor device at 15-minute time intervals (96 data each day) over 1,408 days and 4,310 meals that contain 56,030 PPG data. These three PPG sub-groups are listed below: Low PPG - 2,885 meals with 6.6 carbs/sugar grams and 122 mg/dL average PPG; Medium PPG - 1,298 meals with 23.9 carbs/sugar grams and 132 mg/dL average PPG; High PPG - 127 meals with 73.7 carbs/sugar grams and 153 mg/dL average PPG. There are three specific calculation steps for the numerical operation.

A Comparative Study on Energy Efficient Adders

Abstract: The significance of addersub- systems is handily comprehended with the resource of the usage of a mastermind.. Off the engineers are incorporating disquisition with them with the useful resource of using integrating new design patterns to smash rationality movement as lots because of the verity the circuit and drop reduction. Adder experience- models in numerous operations like MPs, DPs,etc., specifically wherein the bottoms and bones gesture ie double is being reused. therefore it gives feasible consequences for low energy dissipation with the resource of the operation of the use of CMOS withinside the appearance significance of adder, in this paper broached some makeshift substitute arrangements that consists of properties tracts a good deal broadly less transistors along elastic expanse and the transistors to apply the styles at the aspect of timer gating, transistors along further thresholds, and widening the length of the transistors are numerous strategies to reduce the stationary energy indicator

Mini-Review on Haemovigilance: an Indian Perspective

Haemovigilance is considered to be the collection of monitoring measures that encompass the entire transfusions process ranging from monitoring of blood to the prevention of blood-related disease. The term hemovigilance originated from the word pharmacovigilance, which comprises operations and methods to gather intelligence valuable in overseeing pharmaceutical goods, particularly adverse drug responses in humans, and to scientifically assess such data. This follows the reporting system which includes the enhancement of patient safety. It also includes learning from failures that result in certain system changes and thus prevents the associated errors. It also includes all key parties and organizes numerous operations among blood banks, transfusion facilities, and hospital caregivers. The majority of affluent nations now use Haemovigilance to track adverse responses and occurrences connected with blood donation and transfusion. This mini-review sheds the light on an overview of haemovigilance from an Indian perspective

Research Paper on Enhancing Mobile Security from Vulnerable Attacks

Abstract: The use of Smart phones has come veritably popular around the globe in this digital period and in recent days its stoner’s number has increased at indefinite position, as everyone rush to explore the digital world. The people are switching towards Smart phones in order to pierce numerous operations similar as fiscal, business, educational and social etc. Thus these bias are the main target of hackers, still on the other hand the Smart phone manufacturers are trying to design stylish security model to overcome all vulnerabilities. Then we bandy the Android Security armature and possible attacks to android OS and also punctuate the pitfalls which are associated with this particular bias. This paper describes the vulnerabilities plant in Android grounded Smart phones and also describes the attacks like honour escalation, sequestration attack and other pitfalls which are associated with these particular bias. In last section we bandy the possible countermeasure against the attacks and pitfalls due to that, the Android Smart phones come vulnerable. Keywords: Vulnerability, Threat, Hacking.

Early Intervention Across the Life Span for Patients With CHARGE Syndrome

CHARGE syndrome (coloboma of the eye, heart defects, atresia of the choanae, restriction of growth or development, genital or urinary abnormalities, and ear abnormalities and deafness) is a rare genetic disorder that affects multiple organ systems leading to significant morbidity and mortality, frequent hospitalizations, numerous operations, and developmental delay. Providing medical care for individuals with CHARGE syndrome requires a diverse multidisciplinary team; thus, structured, comprehensive guidelines are beneficial. Evidence-based guidelines to aid in the diagnosis, management, and ongoing health supervision of individuals with CHARGE syndrome across the life span are presented. The aim is to provide primary care providers with a comprehensive yet simplified resource for patients with the potential diagnosis of CHARGE syndrome.

Повышение эффективности голографического интерферометра

The development of methods for increasing the sensitivity of interferometers intended for studying complex phase media, which are characterized by abrupt changes in internal inhomogeneities, is a very urgent task. The aim of the study, the results of which are presented in the article, is a theoretical analysis of the possibility of improving the sensitivity of the output data of a holographic interferometer using digital methods of processing optical information. The research results showed that the presence of digital information about the object and reference waves and about the interference pattern recorded by the CCD matrix allows performing various mathematical operations on these data, after which they can again be displayed on the screen, i. e., visualized. These operations can be carried out both in the sections from the object to the output plane, and at the output of the system, directly with the intensity distribution, which is fixed by the CCD matrix. A sequence of numerical operations is proposed, which makes it possible to increase the sensitivity of the holographic system by a factor of , where m = 0, 1, 2, 3, … . It is also shown that the increase in sensitivity according to the indicated scheme is limited only by possible speckle noise, which can worsen the contrast of the fringes of the interference pattern. The proposed method for increasing the sensitivity of the interferometer, in contrast to the known ones, does not rely on hardware changes in interferometric systems, which is associated with high costs, but digitally improves the characteristics of the output data of low-sensitivity interferometers. The results of the work can be used in studies of complex phase media.

Relevance of channel shape in air-breathing membraneless direct formic acid microfluidic fuel cell: Experimental and numerical investigations

A 3-D model is established by considering mass transport phenomena, electrochemical reactions, electrode porosity, air breathing at the cathode, electrodes properties, fluid density and fluid viscosity. The model is applied to μFFC V- and U-shaped microfluidic channels. The agreement between the experiments and simulation in terms of predicted polarization curves, power outputs and fuel utilization indicate that the model can provide a trustworthy platform to study a wide set of stream architectures under numerous operating conditions. The power output and fuel efficiency utilization were improved by reducing the gap between the anode and the cathode. An optimum performance was achieved with a μFFC-U using 0.5 M HCOOH and flow rate of 100 μL min−1 delivering current density and power density output as high as 985 mA cm−2 and 165 mW cm−2, respectively. A proof of concept is demonstrated with a stack of three μFFC-Us (9.6 cm2 footprint and total volume of 10.6 cm3) connected in series powering four green LEDs (each of requiring a 2.1–2.5 V and 4.2–5 mW) for 20 h with low flow rate of 16.7 μL min−1. These results represent an important step towards the construction of microenergy systems for low power electronics applications.