Numerical Construction Research Articles

Perfective Marking in the Breton Tense-Aspect System

The tense-aspect system of Breton, a continental Celtic language, is largely under-described. This paper has two main goals. First, it gives an overview of the numerous verbal morphosyntactic constructions of Breton, with the aim of evaluating how they carve up the tense-aspect domain. The second goal is to zero in on one particular set of constructions, namely, perfect-like constructions. In particular, it investigates the use of the present perfect in narrative and oral discourse, compared to two other competing constructions, the simple past and the past perfect. In the spirit of de Swart and Le Bruyn’s Time in Translation project, we adopt a parallel corpus-based approach from Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone and its Breton translation. We develop an account of the distinction between these temporal forms, in particular the present and past perfects, drawing on the interaction between rhetorical relations and temporal structure. Results show that in written narrative stretches, the simple past is the norm; however, in dialogues, the present perfect is required in cases of ‘weak’ narration, and if the past situation is somehow felt to be currently relevant, even if the situation refers to an explicit past time. However, the past perfect occurs in narrative stretches within the dialogue, in cases of ‘strong’ narration, especially if the situation described is anaphorically tied to a temporal antecedent.

Two-loop amplitude generation in OpenLoops

Numerical tools, such as OpenLoops, provide NLO scattering amplitudes for a very wide range of hard scattering amplitudes in a fully automated way. In order to match the numerical precision of current and future experiments, however, the higher precision of NNLO calculations is essential, and their automation in a similar tool highly desirable.In our approach, D-dimensional amplitudes are decomposed into loop-momentum tensor integrals with coefficients constructed in four dimensions and rational terms. We present a fully generic algorithm for the efficient numerical construction of the tensor coefficients, which constitutes an important building block for an automated NNLO tool.

Abstract 5506: CD30 co-stimulatory domain enhances the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor-engineered γδT cells

Abstract Adoptive transfer of immune killer cells genetically engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) has demonstrated a feasible and effective approach against numerous types of cancers. Among the killer cells, γδT cells possessing a wide range of antigen-independent tumor recognition and low risk of developing GVHD offer a chance to develop CAR-engineered allogenic ‘off-the-shelf’ cellular therapeutics. Successful tumor eradication primarily depends on providing optimized signals affecting the proliferation, persistence, antitumor activity and cytokine secretion of CAR-γδT cells. We describe here a novel CD30 costimulatory domain for CAR signaling, which is known to be involved in cell anti-apoptosis, activation and proliferation. Conventional αβT cells and innate γδT cells activated by a CD30-ζ signaling-CAR displayed similar levels of cytolytic efficacies and cytokine secretion against antigen-expressing cancer cell lines as those of other CAR containing commonly used costimulatory domains CD28, CD27, 4-1BB, OX40, and ICOS. Furthermore, the third-generation CARs including the CD30 costimulatory domain retained potent antitumor efficacies independent of their position or type of partner costimulatory domain. More significantly, CAR-γδT cells containing CD30-ζ signaling revealed effective cytolytic activities against several solid cancer cell lines based on its antigen-recognizing antibody fragments. Our findings suggest that the CD30 costimulatory domain could be an attractive candidate for developing CAR-engineered killer cell therapeutics and may be applicable for the design of numerous antigen-recognizing CAR constructs, with an emphasis on targeting solid tumors. Citation Format: Hyun-Il Cho, Chung-Hyo Kang, Sang-Eun Lee, In-Sil Song, Jung-Min Ha, Seon-Duk Lee, Hyun-Jung Sohn, Tai-Gyu Kim. CD30 co-stimulatory domain enhances the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor-engineered γδT cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5506.

Demoting Fictional Names—A Critical Note to Predelli’s Fictional Discourse: A Radical Fictionalist Semantics

The first line in Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone reads: (Making)‘Mr and Mrs Dursley of number four, Privet Drive, were proud to say that they were perfectly normal…’ (Rowling 1997, p. 7) (Making) is an example of fiction-making talk. It is one of numerous linguistic constructs that make up the Harry Potter novel. Contrast (Making) with: (Reporting)‘Mr and Mrs Dursley like to think of themselves as normal people.’ (Reporting) is an example of fiction-reporting. Unlike fiction-making, whether you are doing a good job at fiction-reporting depends on an already created fiction. Some of us will find (Making) and (Reporting) puzzling. With (Making), Rowling (1997) appears to be saying of Mr and Mrs Dursley that they think of themselves as normal people, and with (Reporting), we appear to be saying pretty much the same. Yet, we know that Mr and Mrs Dursley are fictional characters, not real people. But if there are no Mr and Mrs Dursley, then what is the semantic contribution of the fictional names in (Making) and (Reporting)? Some hold that the denotations of fictional names, including as they occur in fiction-making talk, refer to abstract fictional characters (e.g. Salmon, 1998). Others argue that fictional names are not really names but disguised descriptions (e.g. Currie, 1990). Still others insist that fictional names are empty names, contributing nothing but an empty slot to the gappy propositions the sentences containing them encode (e.g. Eagle, 2007).

P.068 Post-stroke orthoptic clinic assessment improves patient perceived quality of life

Background: Visual impairment can impact 70% of individuals who have experienced a stroke. Identification and remediation of visual impairments can improve overall function and perceived quality of life. Our project aimed to improve visual assessment and timely intervention for patients with post-stroke visual impairment (PSVI). Methods: We conducted a quality improvement initiative to create a standardized screening and referral process for patients with PSVI to access an orthoptist. Post-stroke visual impairment was identified using the Visual Screen Assessment (VISA) tool. Patients filled out a VFQ-25 questionnaire before and after orthoptic assessment, and differences between scores were evaluated. Results: Eighteen patients completed the VFQ-25 both before and after orthoptic assessment. Of the vision related constructs, there was a significant improvement in reported outcomes for general vision (M=56.9, SD=30.7; M=48.6, SD=16.0), p=0.002, peripheral vision (M=88.3, SD=16; M=75, SD=23.1), p= 0.027, ocular pain (M=97.2, SD=6.9; M=87.5, SD=21.4), p=0.022, near activities (M=82.4, SD=24.1; M=67.8, SD=25.6), p<0.001, social functioning (M=90.2, SD=19; M=78.5, SD=29.3), p=0.019, mental health (M=84.0, SD=25.9; M=70.5, SD=31.2), p=0.017, and role difficulties (M=84.7, SD=26.3; M=67.4, SD=37.9), p=0.005. Conclusions: Orthoptic assessments for those with PSVI significantly improved perceived quality of life in a numerous vision related constructs, suggesting it is a valuable part of a patient’s post-stroke recovery.

Building relationship orientation among travelers through destination brand authenticity

Tourism destinations strive to develop a strong and enduring relationship with travelers to gain a competitive edge. In this regard, previous studies have validated numerous marketing constructs for building strong and enduring relationship orientation among travelers. The importance of authentic experiences in providing innumerable benefits to tourism destinations and travelers has long been acknowledged. This study extends the scope of the benefits of destination authenticity in developing and maintaining an enduring relationship orientation among travelers towards heritage tourism destinations in India. After examining the data collected from 409 respondents, findings suggest that perceived authenticity in tourism destination brands helps develop and foster relationship orientation among travelers. Moreover, such induced relationship orientation generates favorable behavior, i.e., promoting revisit intentions and destination advocacy. The study offers multiple implications for researchers and practitioners.

Content Swapping: A New Image Synthesis for Construction Sign Detection in Autonomous Vehicles.

Construction signs alert drivers to the dangers of abnormally blocked roads. In the case of autonomous vehicles, construction signs should be detected automatically to prevent accidents. One might think that we can accomplish the goal easily using the popular deep-learning-based detectors, but it is not the case. To train the deep learning detectors to detect construction signs, we need a large amount of training images which contain construction signs. However, collecting training images including construction signs is very difficult in the real world because construction events do not occur frequently. To make matters worse, the construction signs might have dozens of different construction signs (i.e., contents). To address this problem, we propose a new method named content swapping. Our content swapping divides a construction sign into two parts: the board and the frame. Content swapping generates numerous synthetic construction signs by combining the board images (i.e., contents) taken from the in-domain images and the frames (i.e., geometric shapes) taken from the out-domain images. The generated synthetic construction signs are then added to the background road images via the cut-and-paste mechanism, increasing the number of training images. Furthermore, three fine-tuning methods regarding the region, size, and color of the construction signs are developed to make the generated training images look more realistic. To validate our approach, we applied our method to real-world images captured in South Korea. Finally, we achieve an average precision (AP50) score of 84.98%, which surpasses that of the off-the-shelf method by 9.15%. Full experimental results are available online as a supplemental video. The images used in the experiments are also released as a new dataset CSS138 for the benefit of the autonomous driving community.

Repairing enzymes using spare parts

Glycyl radical enzymes (GREs) employ a post‐translationally installed glycyl radical species to carry out a wide range of chemistry in bacteria. The glycyl radical cofactor is a simple and effective catalyst, but it has an Achilles’ heel – it is susceptible to cleavage by molecular oxygen. For this reason, GREs are commonly expressed in bacteria under anoxic conditions, but not exclusively. The most well studied GRE, pyruvate formate lyase (PFL), is constitutively expressed, and this enzyme acts in primary metabolism, converting pyruvate and coenzyme A into acetyl‐CoA and formate, and is thus not an expendable enzyme. In this presentation, a mechanism for PFL repair from oxidative damage will be presented. In particular, we will consider how a small (14 kDa) ‘spare part protein’ termed YfiD can bind to an oxygen‐damaged PFL (PFL cleaved at Gly734) and restore activity. Our mechanism for repair takes advantage of multiple pieces of data from multiple biochemical and biophysical methods. Through making numerous constructs of both YfiD and PFL, we were able to use enzymology and spectroscopy to determine the regions of each protein that are required for YfiD‐PFL complex formation and activity restoration. We further were able to probe the molecular basis for glycyl radical installation on YfiD and the molecular signal that indicates that PFL is damaged and needs repair but is not too damaged for successful repair. Typically, damaged enzymes are cleared from the cell and new enzymes are made. Here, through use of a spare part protein, the 170‐kDa PFL gets a second chance.

The morphosyntax and semantics of cardinal numerals in classical sanskrit

AbstractA complete study of numeral syntax in Classical Sanskrit has yet to be written. Grammars provide concise, decontextualised surveys which mainly focus on the morphology of cardinal numerals. Given their textual genre, reference grammars can neither devote much space to this very topic nor give exhaustive data; very little is said about Sanskrit numeral constructions outside of this kind of resources. By combining modern linguistic frameworks and philological analysis, the following investigation is offered as a first step toward addressing this desideratum. The present analysis provides a novel approach to understand the semantics of numerals and shed some light on Sanskrit numeral syntax and the morphosyntactic properties of cardinal numerals. This research is organised as follows: I first provide a brief overview of some key features of Sanskrit numeral series and then propose a theoretical framework to conceptualise the main components of numeral systems; section 3 explores the lexicon‐prosody interface and is followed by an analysis of Sanskrit numeral constructions. Textual evidence of cardinal numerals from medieval Sanskrit mathematical works is investigated in detail. The linguistic framework employed by von Mengden (2010) to examine cardinal numerals in Old English has been particularly fruitful in the present study. I demonstrate that, unlike most other languages, Sanskrit makes extensive use of non‐systemic expressions of cardinality and that authors employ and combine a great variety of numeral constructions.

Spectral Coarse Spaces for the Substructured Parallel Schwarz Method

The parallel Schwarz method (PSM) is an overlapping domain decomposition (DD) method to solve partial differential equations (PDEs). Similarly to classical nonoverlapping DD methods, the PSM admits a substructured formulation, that is, it can be formulated as an iteration acting on variables defined exclusively on the interfaces of the overlapping decomposition. In this manuscript, spectral coarse spaces are considered to improve the convergence and robustness of the substructured PSM. In this framework, the coarse space functions are defined exclusively on the interfaces. This is in contrast to classical two-level volume methods, where the coarse functions are defined in volume, though with local support. The approach presented in this work has several advantages. First, it allows one to use some of the well-known efficient coarse spaces proposed in the literature, and facilitates the numerical construction of efficient coarse spaces. Second, the computational work is comparable or lower than standard volume two-level methods. Third, it opens new interesting perspectives as the analysis of the new two-level substructured method requires the development of a new convergence analysis of general two-level iterative methods. The new analysis casts light on the optimality of coarse spaces: given a fixed dimension m, the spectral coarse space made by the first m dominant eigenvectors is not necessarily the minimizer of the asymptotic convergence factor. Numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed new numerical framework.

Classification of crimes related to forgery of document

The article is devoted to the consideration of various grounds for classifying crimes related to forgery of documents, based on the content of the norms of the current criminal legislation on the relevant crimes. In view of the absence of a systematized conceptual apparatus, numerous legal terms and constructions for describing crimes related to forgery of documents are analyzed. The analysis of criminal law norms allows us to conclude that there is a common object of encroachment for the crimes under consideration, which is public relations arising in connection with the established procedure for the legal circulation of documents. In order to differentiate criminal liability for forgery on the basis of the presence of common and different signs of the elements of crimes, general and special forgeries should be distinguished, depending on the source of origin of forged documents and the ability of documents to consolidate various legally significant facts. The conclusion is made about the inadmissibility of using synonymous terms falsification, forgery, forgery to define one legal category. We consider it preferable to use the phrase forgery of documents as a separate, independent, and semantically most fully reflecting the essence of such crimes.

A Numerical Construction of the Universal Feedback Control in Problems of Nonlinear Controls Under Disturbance

A Numerical Construction of the Universal Feedback Control in Problems of Nonlinear Controls Under Disturbance

Finite volume effects in the McLerran–Venugopalan initial condition for the JIMWLK equation

We revisit the numerical construction of the initial condition for the dipole amplitude from the McLerran–Venugopalan model in the context of the JIMWLK evolution equation. We observe large finite volume effects induced by the Poisson equation formulated on a torus. We show that the situation can be partially cured by introducing an infrared regularization. We propose a procedure which has negligible finite volume corrections. The control of the finite volume and finite lattice spacings effects is crucial when considering the numerical solutions of the JIMWLK evolution equation with the collinear improvement.

Low-Frequency Low-Reflection Bidirectional Sound Insulation Tunnel with Ultrathin Lossy Metasurfaces

We report both numerical and experimental constructions of a tunnel structure with low-frequency low-reflection bidirectional sound insulation (BSI). The designed tunnel was constructed from a pair of lossy acoustic metasurfaces (AMs), which consists of six ultrathin coiled unit cells, attached on both sides. Based on the generalized Snell′s law and phase modulations for both AMs, the tunnel with the low-frequency BSI was constructed based on sound reflections and acoustic blind areas created by the AMs. The obtained transmittances were almost the same for sound incidences from both sides and were lower than −10 dB in the range 337–356 Hz. The simulated and measured results agreed well with each other. Additionally, we show that the low-reflection characteristic of the tunnel can be obtained simultaneously by thermoviscous energy loss in coiled channels of the unit cells. Finally, an interesting application of the designed tunnel in an open-window structure with low-frequency low-reflection BSI is further simulated in detail. The proposed tunnel based on the ultrathin lossy AMs has the advantages of ultrathin thickness (about λ/35), low-frequency low-reflection BSI, and high-performance ventilation, which may have potential applications in architectural acoustics and noise control.

Statistical constructions in quantum information theory

We introduce a notion of strategies based on averaging for nonlocal games in quantum information theory. These so-called statistical strategies come in a commuting type and a more specific spatial type, which are, respectively, special cases of the quantum commuting and quantum spatial strategies commonly considered in the field. We prove a theorem that the sets of statistical commuting strategies and statistical spatial strategies are, respectively, equal to the sets of quantum commuting strategies and quantum spatial strategies for any nonlocal game. Thus we are able to use the recent negative solution of Tsirelson’s problem in [14] to obtain a statistical analog showing that there exists a nonlocal game where the set of statistical commuting strategies properly contains the closure of the set of statistical spatial strategies. The proof of this theorem involves development of statistical replicas for numerous constructions in quantum information theory, in particular for the Fourier-type duality between observation structures and dynamical structures. The main point of the argument is to apply the established theory of approximating unitary representations of countable discrete groups by ergodic measure preserving actions of such groups. We note that the relevant groups are nonamenable. We also give an explicit description of a statistical strategy to win the CHSH game from Aspect’s experiment with a probability exceeding the maximum possible value for a classical strategy.

Теорія змушених поперечних коливань коренеплоду у ґрунті як у пружнодемпфуючому середовищі при вібраційному викопуваннi

Goal. To substantiate theoretically the parameters of transverse oscillations of the root as an elastic body located in the soil as in an elastic damping medium for the case when the perturbing forces coincide with the direction of the progressive movement of the digging working body to prevent breakage of roots during vibration excavation. Methods. Theoretical research was conducted using the methods of theoretical mechanics and higher mathematics, including the theory of oscillations and calculus of variations. Numerical calculations and construction of graphical dependences were performed on a PC using compiled programs. Results. The theory of forced transverse oscillations of a root crop as an elastic body located in the soil as in an elastic damping medium during vibration excavation is developed for the case when perturbing forces are directed perpendicular to the root crop axis and coincide with the direction of the progressive movement of the excavating working body. Based on the application of the Ostrogradskyi-Hamilton variational principle using the developed equivalent scheme, analytical expressions were obtained to determine the amplitude of forced transverse oscillations of the root body depending on the amplitude of the perturbing force and the coefficients of elastic deformation and damping of the soil for any cross-section. According to the developed program, numerical calculations were performed on PC, which allowed building graphs of changes in the amplitude of forced transverse oscillations of the root as an elastic body in the soil as in an elastic damping medium, from the amplitude of the perturbing force, elastic deformation coefficients c and soil damping b. Conclusions. According to the results of calculations, ranges of values are obtained of the coefficient of elastic deformation of the soil (c = 1.0·105…1.3·105 N·m–3), for which the resonant regime is observed, i.e. the value of the amplitude of transverse forced oscillations of the elastic body of the root exceeds the allowable limits at a frequency of perturbing force equal to n = 10 Hz. At the same time, the amplitude of these oscillations can reach 0.47 m, especially at the points of the capture of the root crop and the endpoint of its body. This can lead to breakage, so such ranges of soil elasticity should be avoided. When changing the soil damping coefficient b in a fairly wide range of 0–10 (N·s2)·m–3 there is no resonant mode, and the amplitude of transverse oscillations is within acceptable limits. Therefore, the damping properties of the soil are acceptable throughout the study range. When developing excavation working bodies with the considered direction of oscillations, it is necessary to take into account the elastic properties of the soil, where such working bodies can work effectively. The results of the analytical research were used to develop a new design of the vibrating excavation working body.

Investigation of key parameters and issues in simulating centrifuge model tests of a sheet-pile wall retaining a liquefiable soil deposit

Numerical simulations of centrifuge experiments examining a sheet-pile wall with a liquefiable backfill are conducted and results are compared against the experimental responses to evaluate the numerical tools’ ability to accurately predict the seismic performance of this geosystem. The platform FLAC and the constitutive model PM4Sand are used for the simulations, and focus is placed on the sheet-pile wall displacements. The influence of relative density (DR) on the system’s response is evaluated, together with the influence of other parameters such as the soil’s permeability and numerical model construction method. The consideration of both mass-based and CPT-based DR estimates allows for a better prediction of the overall range of permanent sheet-pile wall displacements. Other parameters have a moderate to important effect on the estimated pre-shaking displacements but only a minor to moderate effect on the end-of-shaking wall displacements.

CONCEPTUALIZATIONS AND SCHEMATIZATIONS OF HEAD METAPHORS: A CONCEPTUAL METAPHOR THEORY

Human’s head takes the most important part in human’s part of body which leads to the frequent use of head in language uses. This study therefore aims to investigate how head is conceptualized through the use of metaphor in Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) and how the conceptual metaphors are projected through image schemas. The data were obtained from Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) as a rich data sources relevant to the study. This study applied qualitative descriptive study through the framework of the Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) proposed by Lakoff and Johnson (2008). Sentences which contain head metaphors were selected, analyzed, and categorized to relevant conceptual metaphors through the bridge of mappings to characterize the relationship between two concepts (source and target domains) in the metaphorical process and image schemas. The findings of the study showed that head is mostly metaphorically used as a container which is conceptualized as a head is a container.The most image schemas used are containment schemas which show in-out, full-empty, and surface schemas. The image-schemas have indeed been shown to likely become the basis of numerous metaphorical constructions and have been helpful to understand how people cognize their world.

Rapid cell-free characterization of multi-subunit CRISPR effectors and transposons

CRISPR-Cas biology and technologies have been largely shaped to date by the characterization and use ofsingle-effector nucleases. By contrast, multi-subunit effectors dominate natural systems, represent emerging technologies, and were recently associated with RNA-guided DNA transposition. This disconnect stems from the challenge of working with multiple protein subunits invitro and invivo. Here, we apply cell-free transcription-translation (TXTL) systems to radically accelerate the characterization of multi-subunit CRISPR effectors and transposons. Numerous DNA constructs can be combined in one TXTL reaction, yielding defined biomolecular readouts in hours. Using TXTL, we mined phylogenetically diverse I-E effectors, interrogated extensively self-targeting I-C and I-F systems, and elucidated targeting rules for I-B and I-F CRISPR transposons using only DNA-binding components. We further recapitulated DNA transposition in TXTL, which helped reveal a distinct branch of I-B CRISPR transposons. These capabilities will facilitate the study and exploitation of the broad yet underexplored diversity of CRISPR-Cas systems and transposons.

Moderating Effects of Internationalization between Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance: The Case of Construction Firms

The relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate financial performance (CFP) has been crucial in academia and business circles. Numerous construction firms have continued to internationalize construction business over time despite the influence of the COVID-19. The internationalization of construction business makes the CSR–CFP relationship more complicated than usual. Construction firms’ CSR fulfillment serves to engage in reliable relationships with stakeholders and consequently improve CFP. It can bring both benefits and costs to the firm, which suggests that the CSR–CFP relationship is non-linear. This study examines the impacts of CSR on the financial performance of construction firms. We took Chinese-listed construction companies as an example, and an inverted U-shaped curve relationship between CSR and CFP was eventually revealed. Further, the significant moderating role of the degree of corporate internationalization (DOI) in the CSR–CFP relationship is disclosed. The results show that matching a high DOI-high CSR and a low DOI-low CSR is more conducive to CFP promotion. Thus, this research makes contributions to the academic perception of the impacts of CSR and DOI on CFP and provides insights for CSR fulfillment in the international arena.