Number Of Recovered Patients Research Articles

ANALISIS CLUSTER HIERARKI PADA PERSEBARAN KASUS COVID-19 BERDASARKAN PROVINSI DI INDONESIA

This study aims to apply Hierarchical cluster analysis to the distribution of Covid-19 cases by province in Indonesia. The data used is secondary data for the 2021 period. The variables used are the number of confirmed patients, the number of recovered patients, the number of patients who died, the population, population density, the number of elderly people, and health facilities. The method in this research is hierarchical cluster analysis with agglomeration process, Beetween groups linkage, with the concept of square Euclidean distance. The research step begins with data exploration, standardization, multicollinearity assumption test and Barlett KMO test, hierarchical cluster analysis, and interpretation. The results showed that the clustering process in Hierarchical analysis can be determined based on the desired number of clusters and the results are strengthened by the Dendogram representation. The distribution of Covid-19 cases in 34 provinces is divided into 2,3, and 4 clusters based on the variables used. Prov. DKI Jakarta has different characteristics from the prov. West Java, Central Java, East Java. Likewise with the prov. Banten sd. Prov. Gorontalo has similar characteristics in the case of the spread of Covid-19.

COVID-19 Case Data for Italy Stratified by Age Class

The dataset described in this paper contains daily data about COVID-19 cases that occurred in Italy over the period from Jan. 29, 2020 to October 15, 2021, divided into ten age classes of the population, the first class being 0–9 years, the tenth class being >90 years. The dataset contains eight columns, namely: date (day), age class, number of new cases, number of newly hospitalized patients, number of patients entering intensive care, number of deceased patients, number of recovered patients, number of active infected patients. This data has been officially released for research purposes by the Italian authority for COVID-19 epidemiologic surveillance (Istituto Superiore di Sanità – ISS), upon formal request by the authors, in accordance with the Ordonnance of the Chief of the Civil Protection Department n. 691 dated Aug. 4, 2020. A separate file contains the numerosity of the population in each age class, according to the National Institute of Statistics’ (ISTAT) data of the resident population of Italy as of Jan. 2020. This data has potential use, for instance, in epidemiologic studies of the effects of the COVID-19 contagion in Italy, in mortality analysis by age class, and in the development and testing of dynamical models of the contagion.

Climate indicators and COVID-19 recovery: A case of Wuhan during the lockdown.

The world needs to get out of the COVID-19 pandemic smoothly through a thorough socio-economic recovery. The first and the foremost step forward in this direction is the health recovery of the people infected. Our empirical study addresses this neglected point in the recent research on COVID-19 and specifically aims at exploring the impact of the environment on health recovery from COVID-19. The sample data are taken during the lockdown period in Wuhan, i.e., from 23rd January 2020 to 8th April 2020. The recently developed econometric technique of Quantile-on-Quantile regression, proposed by Shin and Zhu (2016) is employed to capture the asymmetric association between environmental factors (TEMP, HUM, PM2.5, PM10, CO, SO2, NO2, and O3) and the number of recovered patients from COVID-19. We observe significant heterogeneity in the association among variables across various quantiles. The findings suggest that TEMP, PM2.5, PM10, CO, NO2, and O3 are negatively related to the COVID-19 recovery, while HUM and SO2 show a positive association at most quantiles. The study recommends that maintaining a safe and comfortable environment for the patients may increase the chances of recovery from COVID-19. The success story of Wuhan, the initial epicenter of the novel coronavirus in China, can serve as an important case study for other countries to bring the outbreak under control. The current study could be conducive for the policymakers of those countries where the COVID-19 pandemic is still unrestrained.

Pandemic Penetration: Factors for Measurement.

The current Covid-19 Pandemic has thrown an immense challenge to the entire humanity. This pandemic spread across the entire globe is causing physical, economical, political, psychological and social stress. World Health Organization (WHO) is giving advisories to the nations from time to time in handling the pandemic. Different countries and WHO are publishing various statistics like the number of infected patients, number of recovered patients and number of deaths daily. There is a necessity to devise a metric, which we refer as Pandemic Penetration Index (PPI), to find out the intensity of the pandemic’s penetration in different countries. This metric will not only help the policy makers to formulate the pandemic handling plans, but also acts as an apt tool for international organizations such as WHO, to provide nation-specific advisories. The effectiveness of the metric will depend on various individual factors that are to be considered, its measurement and weightage assigned to individual factors. Objective of the current study is to explore, estimate and establish various essential constituent individual factors for deriving proper PPI value, based on the current COVID 19 data.

A randomized, open-label, multicentre, comparative study of therapeutic efficacy, safety, and tolerability of BNO 1030 extract, containing marshmallow root, chamomile flowers, horsetail herb, walnut leaves, yarrow herb, oak bark, dandelion herb, in the treatment of mild forms of COVID-19

BackgroundCOVID19 is a high burden for medicine and society as still no specific therapy exists. Most patients depend on symptomatic treatment, comparable to the symptomatic treatment in common respiratory infection e.g., Acetaminophen or Ibuprofen. Many cases of COVID19 show mild forms without need of hospitalization. In this randomized, open-label, multicentre, comparative trial we analysed the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of the herbal medicinal product BNO 1030 in mild cases of COVID-19 to offer an additional symptomatic relive.MethodsThe study was designed as an open label randomized, prospective, multicentred clinical trial. Out of 133 screened outpatients aged 18 to 70 with mild COVID-19 symptoms 120 patients were randomised (1:1) in 2 parallel groups. The main group received BNO 1030 in addition to symptomatic therapy (acetaminophen or ibuprofen). The control group got a symptomatic therapy only. The patients with laboratory proven COVID 19 were included for the final analyses: 47 – in the main group and 46 – in the control one. The evaluation criteria were dynamics of the symptoms: hyperthermia, myalgia, nasal congestion, nasal discharge, coughing, anosmia, rhinolalia, sore throat, duration of the use of antipyretics (clinically significant fever). These symptoms were assessed during the physician’s visit on a 4-point scale (0 — absent, 1 — insignificant, 2 — moderate, 3 — strong/pronounced) and self- assessed via ten-point visual analogue scale (VAS) daily in a patient’s diary. The primary endpoint was the decrease of the average score compared to the baseline defined as “therapeutic benefit” from the usage of BNO 1030.ResultsIn the comparison of both groups over the treatment time, the main group (n = 47) showed a greater decrease in the severity of symptoms of fever, myalgia, nasal congestion, coughing, anosmia and rhinolalia, assessed by the doctor on a 4-point scale on V2 (4th day) and V3 (14th day) compared to those on V1, as well as a reduction of the antipyretics intake duration (p < 0.05). Significant differences of the main group were obtained, too, based on the results of symptoms self-assessment by the patient. The “therapeutic benefit from the use of BNO 1030 was 3 days. There is an increase in the number of recovered patients from 73.9–96.6 % according to the average symptom score, and a decrease in the number of hospitalized patients from 8.6–4.4 % in the main group., as compared to the data of the control group (p < 0.05). All patients tolerated the herbal medicine well, with no adverse drug reactions being reported.ConclusionsBNO 1030 (Imupret®) offers a safe and effective treatment benefit in patients with mild forms of diagnosed COVID-19 aged 18–70 in addition to symptomatic treatment with acetaminophen or NSAIDs. COVID 19 positive patients treated with Imupret showed an earlier relive of symptoms when being treated with BNO 1030.Trial registrationThis trial was registered in ClinicalTrial.gov: NCT04797936.

Regional Leadership Strategy in Accelerating the Handling of COVID-19 in Indonesia: A Case Study in DKI Jakarta Province, East Java, Central Java, South Sulawesi and West Java)

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Currently, the world in general and Indonesia in particular are being hit by the COVID-19 pandemic. As the highest leader at the provincial level, the governor has a big role in handling COVID-19. The purpose of this study was to examine the leadership strategy of regional heads in handling COVID-19 in Indonesia. The sample in this study consisted of the 5 provinces with the largest positive cases of COVID-19 in Indonesia, namely DKI Jakarta, East Java, Central Java, South Sulawesi and West Java. A qualitative approach was used with descriptive analysis techniques. Secondary data techniques included a literature study. The results of this study indicated that 1) the governors of DKI Jakarta, East Java, Central Java, South Sulawesi and West Java have implemented the same leadership strategy, namely forming a task force, establishing a state of emergency and setting regulations to accelerate the handling of COVID-19. 2) The number of additional positive cases in the five provinces still shows an increase on average. 3) The number of recovered patients in the five provinces shows an increase on average. 4) The number of patients who died in the five provinces showed fluctuation.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: leadership, regional head, COVID-19&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

COVID-19 in Costa Rica: Achieved Goals and Imminent Risks

Coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in China in December 2019 and it rapidly widespread around the world. As of May, 2020, there had been 3.618.325 confirmed cases of COVID-19, 253.381deaths and 1.184.145 recovered persons reported globally. In this review we present the evolution of the infection in Costa Rica and analyze preventive measurements taken to contain a potential explosive dissemination of COVID-19 infection. In Costa Rica, the accumulated incidence per 100.000 habitants of COVID-19 was 14.5 and the death rate 0.81 per 100.000 habitants. By May 3, the number of recovered patients were identical to those with active disease. So far, the health care system has not collapsed as most of the COVID-19 patients have being managed at home. However, the battle is not over yet. Due to the fact that re-opening of the country gradually will take and the number of new cases of undocumented immigrants, children and youngsters is steadily increased, unfavorable consequences in the following weeks might be anticipated. The Costa Rican health authorities are vigilant and diligently managing the COVID-19 pandemic.

Protective and preventive measures to control COVID-19 in Pakistan healthcare prospective

COVID-19, which first appeared in the December of 2019, has claimed over two million deaths to this day and the number continues to grow daily. Some countries have managed to successfully curb the threat whereas others continue to struggle. It is vital that we look at the measures taken by these countries that others can also implement those models and overcome this pandemic successfully. Amongst the countries which were successful in keeping in check the spread of the virus and the deaths caused is Pakistan. This paper explores the preventive measures taken by Pakistan at each stage of this pandemic, by taking the efficacy of each measure by its effect on the number of active patients, number of recovered patients and the death. Primarily, the government owing to the financial instability of the population couldn’t implement robust lockdowns and travel bans, which resulted in the spread of the virus. As the time progressed, novel strategies were introduced which posed to be more successful in containing the spread. One of the strategies was the implementation of a smart lockdown based on successful implementation of a ‘track and trace’ strategy. Furthermore, ‘lockdown vs. livelihood’ calculation, intra-city travel bans, procuring foreign aid, provision of medicinal supplies and incorporation of media helped Pakistan limit the spread of the virus. These models can also be incorporated in other countries facing the virus, resulting in decreased number of active patients and deaths. These strategies might help the world overcome this pandemic.

Rapidly progressive pulmonary fibrosis in COVID-19 pneumonia

Introduction. COVID-19 pneumonia does not have a characteristic course and prognosis. Many facts still remain hidden, mainly why certain patients develop complications with serious tissue damage and whether it causes a permanent organ impairment. If and when will fibrosis develop in COVID-19 pneumonia requires further research, but a link between the amount of tissue afflicted and the development of fibrosis exists. Case outline. A previously healthy, non-smoker, woman with minor symptoms on admission had suddenly developed a serious respiratory insufficiency and whose radiographic finding on computed tomography scan had shown a serious progression with the development of fibrosis in a matter of days. The exact mechanism and correlation of this clinical course remains unknown; however, it is clear that the pulmonary fibrosis is caused by COVID-19 pneumonia. Follow-up computed tomography scan, performed 50 days after initial symptoms, had shown a partial regression of consolidations and post-inflammatory fibrosis. Conclusion. Pulmonary fibrosis is the most severe complication of COVID-19 infection on the respiratory system. Who, when or if a patient will develop any complication is still unclear, as well as whether these changes are reversible? Also, the number of recovered patients who later develop some chronic complications remains to be seen.

COVID-19 EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SARS-COV-2 WITH SARS-COV AND SPANISH FLU

We are in the middle of a pandemic of COVID-19. Objective of the study is to study the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in India and its comparison to SARS-CoV and Spanish flu.Data used are primarily obtained from Worldometer, WHO and CDC. We have plotted bar and line charts based on MS-Excel.Comparative evaluation of COVID-19 data of India and World has been done which shows that with COVID-19 containment and mitigation strategy the total number of recovered patients is increasing day by day and surpassing total number of active infection in India as well as world.With continued non-pharmacological measures like social distancing, hand hygiene, judicious use of mask and effective lockdown, would definitely prove helpful in battle against COVID-19.

Positive results for patients with COVID-19 discharged form hospital in Chongqing, China

BackgroundSince December 2019, over 80,000 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been confirmed in China. With the increasing number of recovered patients, more attention should be paid to the follow-up of these patients.MethodsIn the study, 576 patients with COVID-19 discharged from hospital in Chongqing, China from January 24, 2020, to March 10, 2020 were evaluated by viral nucleic acid tests for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) to determine if they could be released from quarantine. Among the 576 patients, 61 patients (10.6%) had positive RT-PCR test results of SARS-CoV-2. We aimed to analyze the demographics, clinical characteristics and treatment of 61 patients.ResultsThese positive patients were characterized by older age, chronic medical illness and mild conditions. 38 (62.3%) patients who were asymptomatic without abnormalities on chest radiographs were found in the positive with COVID-19. Also, they showed positive results of stool or sputum specimens with negative results of nasal and pharyngeal swab specimens. The median duration of positive result of SARS-CoV-2 was varied from 3 days to 35 days in the patients discharged from hospital with no family member infection.ConclusionsMulti-site screening of SARS-CoV-2 including nasal and pharyngeal swabs, stool and sputum specimens could be considered to improve the diagnosis, treatment and infection control in patients with COVID-19. Our findings provide the important information and clinical evidence for the improved management of patients recovered from COVID-19.

COVID-19 – 6 million cases worldwide and an overview of the diagnosis in Brazil: a tragedy to be announced

On 1 June 2020, 6 million cases of COVID-19 were recorded with a total of 374,927 deaths worldwide. Brazil, at that point, presented a total of 514,992 cases and 29,341 deaths caused by the COVID-19 disease. At that moment, Brazil appeared in the second position regarding number of cases, fourth in number of deaths, second in number of recovered patients (N = 206,555), second in number of follow-up cases (N = 279,096), third in number of active and serious cases (N = 8,318), 39th in number of cases per million inhabitants (N = 2,424), and 125th in number of SARS-CoV-2 real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) exams per million inhabitants (N = 4,378). To beat the pandemic, Brazil needs to optimize the COVID-19 diagnosis through the SARS-CoV-2 identification using RT-PCR tests and adjust its policies to save lives. Brazil is in a crucial moment to minimize the impact of the illness on society by reducing the number of new cases and thus, preventing deaths, mainly of the risk group populations. However, as widely announced, in Brazil the diagnosis using RT-PCR is still scarce and part of the material collected from COVID-19 patients was disposed of and many patients were not tested, regardless of the seriousness of the symptoms, due to errors of medical data records, improper conservation of the samples after collection and/or during transport, which compromised the quality of the material to be tested. Moreover, the federal government has supported the end of the quarantine, while the number of deaths has grown in thousands every day and the cases have been expanding to the interior of the country.

RECURRENT COVID-19 INFECTION IN RECOVERED PATIENTS (A CRITICAL REVIEW)

The pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still grooming throughout the world. However, the number of recovered patients with COVID-19 is also increasing day by day. Some discharged patients from hospitals had shown fever and radiological abnormalities again along with positive real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). This might be due to relapse of COVID-19 in recovered patients, secondary bacterial infection, the false-positive result after discharging, or a false negative at discharging yet to determine. In this review, a total of seven studies retrieved, in which 1052 COVID-19 infected patients were studied and followed them for one to six weeks. Among 1,052 patients, 12.1% (n=127) patients were found re-infected having positive RT-PCR with different clinical samples including nasopharyngeal swab, an anal swab, throat swab, and sputum samples. All re-infected patients were found with mild to moderate clinical symptoms. These findings suggest that recurrence of COVID-19 is exist. It is important to develop diagnostic tools further to avoid the false negative or positive results. Moreover, followup studies are required to determine the reason behind the recurrence of COVID-19 in recovered. Besides, we suggest because of the current review, further management of discharged patients is crucial especially for immunocompromised patients, old age patients, or patients with comorbidities. The discharge criteria should be ensured for a recovered patient to prevent the relapse of COVID-19. Keywords: COVID-19, Discharge, Recurrence, Recovered Patients, RT-PCR

Lifetime eating disorder comorbidity associated with delayed depressive recovery in bipolar disorder

BackgroundAlthough eating disorders (EDs) are common in bipolar disorder (BD), little is known regarding their longitudinal consequences. We assessed prevalence, clinical correlates, and longitudinal depressive severity in BD patients with vs. without EDs.MethodsOutpatients referred to Stanford University BD Clinic during 2000–2011 were assessed with the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for BD (STEP-BD) affective disorders evaluation, and while receiving naturalistic treatment for up to 2 years, were monitored with the STEP-BD clinical monitoring form. Patients with vs. without lifetime EDs were compared with respect to prevalence, demographic and unfavorable illness characteristics/current mood symptoms and psychotropic use, and longitudinal depressive severity.ResultsAmong 503 BD outpatients, 76 (15.1%) had lifetime EDs, which were associated with female gender, and higher rates of lifetime comorbid anxiety, alcohol/substance use, and personality disorders, childhood BD onset, episode accumulation (≥10 prior mood episodes), prior suicide attempt, current syndromal/subsyndromal depression, sadness, anxiety, and antidepressant use, and earlier BD onset age, and greater current overall BD severity. Among currently depressed patients, 29 with compared to 124 without lifetime EDs had significantly delayed depressive recovery. In contrast, among currently recovered (euthymic ≥8 weeks) patients, 10 with compared to 95 without lifetime EDs had only non-significantly hastened depressive recurrence.LimitationsPrimarily Caucasian, insured, suburban, American specialty clinic-referred sample limits generalizability. Small number of recovered patients with EDs limited statistical power to detect relationships between EDs and depressive recurrence.ConclusionsFurther studies are warranted to explore the degree to which EDs impact longitudinal depressive illness burden in BD.

Low Invasive Approaches at Treatment of Patients with Severe Concomitant Injury and Dominant Chest Injury

For the purpose of increasing the efficacy of complex treatment of 72 patients (main group) with severe concomitant injury and dominant chest injury low invasive treatment, i.e. local differential fibrinolytic therapy, valvural bronchoblocking, videothoracoscopy was applied. One hundred twelve patients (comparative group) were under traditional treatment (blind drainage of pleural cavities, thoracotomy, etc). Unilateral thoracic injuries were detected in 165 (89.7%) patients, bilateral — in 19 (10.3%). In 141 (76.6%) patient chest injuries were accompanied by subcutaneous and intercondylar emphysema. Elaborated treatment and diagnostic tactics as well as differentiated approach to the use of low invasive techniques enabled to increase the number of recovered patients — 61 versus 54 patients from comparative group (p

Trends in death and consultation rates of ischemic heart disease in Japan and the risk factors in a rural community.

In Japan, the age-adjusted death rate from ischemic heart disease has decreased for both male and female since 1970, although the rate appears to be slightly affected by mortality from senility without mention of psychosis, "cardiac insufficiency", and sudden death in elderly persons. On the other hand, consultation rate has shown an increase, suggesting an increase in the number of recovered patients and a lengthening in the duration of ischemic heart disease from onset to termination by CCU treatment. A 7.5-year prospective study of ischemic heart disease (myocardial infarction + angina pectoris on effort + sudden death) among residents 40 years and older was conducted at a rural community, Akadani-Ijimino district in Niigata Prefecture. Statistically significant risk factors appeared to be age, hypertension, ECG abnormalities and fuduscopic changes. Even in 1977-1984 when Japanese dietary habits were westernized, neither hyperlipidemia nor obesity was related to the development of ischemic heart disease in this agricultural district. Statistically significant risk ratios were not observed for any nutrient or food, although the ratio for animal fat, calcium, salted vegetables and caloric percent of animal protein was more than one respectively.