Number Of Outs Research Articles

Differences in energy and nutritional content of menu items served by popular UK chain restaurants with versus without voluntary menu labelling: A cross-sectional study.

BackgroundPoor diet is a leading driver of obesity and morbidity. One possible contributor is increased consumption of foods from out of home establishments, which tend to be high in energy density and portion size. A number of out of home establishments voluntarily provide consumers with nutritional information through menu labelling. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are differences in the energy and nutritional content of menu items served by popular UK restaurants with versus without voluntary menu labelling.Methods and findingsWe identified the 100 most popular UK restaurant chains by sales and searched their websites for energy and nutritional information on items served in March-April 2018. We established whether or not restaurants provided voluntary menu labelling by telephoning head offices, visiting outlets and sourcing up-to-date copies of menus. We used linear regression to compare the energy content of menu items served by restaurants with versus without menu labelling, adjusting for clustering at the restaurant level. Of 100 restaurants, 42 provided some form of energy and nutritional information online. Of these, 13 (31%) voluntarily provided menu labelling. A total of 10,782 menu items were identified, of which total energy and nutritional information was available for 9605 (89%). Items from restaurants with menu labelling had 45% less fat (beta coefficient 0.55; 95% CI 0.32 to 0.96) and 60% less salt (beta coefficient 0.40; 95% CI 0.18 to 0.92). The data were cross-sectional, so the direction of causation could not be determined.ConclusionMenu labelling is associated with serving items with less fat and salt in popular UK chain restaurants. Mandatory menu labelling may encourage reformulation of items served by restaurants. This could lead to public health benefits.

Situational Underlying Value (SUV) – A Single Statistic For Individual Performance In Professional Football And NCAA Men’s Division I Basketball

The concept of the Situational Underlying Value (SUV) statistic has been introduced in connection with major league baseball, based on the “run expectancy” associated with each base and number of outs.

Feasibility Trial Evaluation of a Peer Volunteering Active Aging Intervention: ACE (Active, Connected, Engaged).

BackgroundACE (Active, Connected, Engaged) is a theory-informed, pragmatic intervention using peer volunteering support to promote active ageing in socially disengaged, inactive older adults. This study aimed to establish ACE’s feasibility and acceptability.MethodsFifty-four older adults were recruited as either peer volunteers (activators; n = 15) or participants (ACEs; n = 39). Participants were randomized to one-to-one support from an activator (ACEs-Intervention [ACEs-I]) or a waiting-list control group (ACEs-Control [ACEs-C]). Activators supported ACEs-I to get out more and engage with local activities. Objectively measured physical activity (PA), lower limb function, and number of out of house activities were assessed at baseline and post-intervention. A mixed-methods process evaluation assessed changes in confidence to get out and about, social support, autonomy, competence, and relatedness.ResultsEighty-two percent of ACEs (mean age = 73.7 years [SD 7.3]) and all activators completed assessments at both baseline and post-intervention (6 months). ACEs-I reported more out of house activities (M [SD] = 6.34 [4.15]). ACEs-I increased physical function post-intervention (M [SD] = 9.8 [2.3]). ACEs-I reported improved well-being and vitality and increased confidence to get out and about, confidence in the face of specific barriers, knowledge of local initiatives, and perceived social support post-intervention. Activators, although sufficiently active at baseline, increased their PA further. ACE was well-accepted and easy to deliver.ConclusionsACE is an acceptable and feasible intervention for helping socially disengaged older people to get out and about more, improve their confidence, and engage more with their community.

Comparison of Efficiency and Sensitively between (Three Sigma, Six Sigma and Median Absolute Deviation) by using X-bar Control Chart

The main objective of any productivity operation is to get high quality materials and conform to the specifications so as to meet consumer desires. The quality is a principle in which some may think it is new, but it is as old as human, because the man was still in a permanent search for a good thing, and paying attention to the quality .Quality has great care in the industrialized developed countries being of economies exporter seek to control the foreign markets, scale estimators are very important in many statistical applications. The most common of scale estimators is the sample standard deviation. Standard deviation is non-robust to slight deviations from normality. The present study introduces the Comparison between another robust measure of dispersion namely Modified ( Three Sigma, Six Sigma and Median Absolute Deviation ) based on Shewhart mean control chart. When we compare robust methods, six sigma method have better property than the other robust methods, because control chart based on six sigma have the smallest control interval and also have the most number of out of control points.

Changes in commuting patterns in the territories covered by LEADER Local Action Groups: Slovakia, 2001 and 2011

In the European Union’s (EU) 2007–2013 programming period, 29 Local Action Groups (LAG) were registered in Slovakia. The rural regions covered by these LAGs have been selected for detailed time-space analysis of two specific aspects of commuting to work: (a) the share of intra-LAG, predominantly rural-to-rural commuting, from the total numbers of out- and in-commuters (indicator of intra-LAG entrepreneurial activity, economic networking, social capital and diffusion of codified and/or tacit knowledge); and (b) the share of individual LAG out-commuters abroad from the total number of out-commuters from territories of individual LAGs (indicator of ‘openness’ of rural communities towards new challenges which is aimed at improving their living standards). Two years have been selected for the comparison: 2001 (prior to the establishment of LAGs and the accession of Slovakia to the EU, its entry into the Schengen Area, and the opening of labour markets of the EU Member States to the citizens of the Slovak Republic) and 2011 (after the establishment of LAGs and the ‘Europeanisation’ of Slovakia). Statistical analysis showed the position and attractiveness of most LAGs as local labour markets has weakened during the period 2001- 2011.

Changes in commuting patterns in the territories covered by LEADER Local Action Groups: Slovakia, 2001 and 2011

In the European Union’s (EU) 2007–2013 programming period, 29 Local Action Groups (LAG) were registered in Slovakia. The rural regions covered by these LAGs have been selected for detailed time-space analysis of two specific aspects of commuting to work: (a) the share of intra-LAG, predominantly rural-to-rural commuting, from the total numbers of out- and in-commuters (indicator of intra-LAG entrepreneurial activity, economic networking, social capital and diffusion of codified and/or tacit knowledge); and (b) the share of individual LAG out-commuters abroad from the total number of out-commuters from territories of individual LAGs (indicator of ‘openness’ of rural communities towards new challenges which is aimed at improving their living standards). Two years have been selected for the comparison: 2001 (prior to the establishment of LAGs and the accession of Slovakia to the EU, its entry into the Schengen Area, and the opening of labour markets of the EU Member States to the citizens of the Slovak Republic) and 2011 (after the establishment of LAGs and the ‘Europeanisation’ of Slovakia). Statistical analysis showed the position and attractiveness of most LAGs as local labour markets has weakened during the period 2001- 2011.

Application of the matching law to pitch selection in professional baseball.

This study applied the generalized matching equation (GME) to pitch selection in professional baseball. The GME was fitted to the relation between pitch selection and hitter outcomes for five professional baseball pitchers during the 2014 Major League Baseball season. The GME described pitch selection well. Pitch allocation varied across different game contexts such as inning, count, and number of outs in a manner consistent with the GME. Finally, within games, bias decreased for four of the five pitchers and the sensitivity parameter increased for three of the five pitchers. The results extend the generality of the GME to multialternative natural sporting contexts, and demonstrate the influence of context on behavior in natural environments.

Comparable dose estimates of blinded whole blood samples are obtained independently of culture conditions and analytical approaches. Second RENEB gene expression study

Purpose: This collaboration of five established European gene expression labs investigated the potential impact of culture conditions on the transcriptional response of peripheral blood to radiation exposure.Materials and methods: Blood from one healthy donor was exposed ex vivo to a Cobalt 60 source to produce a calibration curve in addition to four unknown doses. After exposure, the blood samples were either diluted with RPMI medium or left untouched. After 24-h incubation at 37 °C the diluted blood samples were lysed, while the undiluted samples were mixed with the preservative RNALater and all samples were shipped frozen to the participating labs. Samples were processed by each lab using microarray (one lab) and QRT-PCR (four labs).Results: We show that although culture conditions affect the total amount of RNA recovered (p < .0001) and its integrity (p < .0001), it does not significantly affect dose estimates (except for the true dose at 1.1 Gy). Most importantly, the different analysis approaches provide comparable mean absolute difference of estimated doses relative to the true doses (p = .9) and number of out of range (>0.5 Gy) measurements (p = .6).Conclusion: This study confirms the robustness of gene expression as a method for biological dosimetry.

Forecasting Spare Parts Demand Using Statistical Analysis

Spare parts are very essential in most industrial companies. They are characterized by their large number and their high impact on the companies’ operations whenever needed. Therefore companies tend to analyze their spare parts demand and try to estimate their future consumption. Nevertheless, they face difficulties in figuring out an optimal forecasting method that deals with the lumpy and intermittent demand of spare parts. In this paper, we performed a comparison between five forecasting methods based on three statistical tools; Mean squared error (MSE), mean absolute deviation (MAD) and mean error (ME), where the results showed close performance for all the methods associated with their optimal parameters and the frequency of the spare part demand. Therefore, we proposed to compare all the methods based on the tracking signal with the objective of minimizing the average number of out of controls. This approach was tested in a comparative study at a local paper mill company. Our findings showed that the application of the tracking signal approach helps companies to better select the optimal forecasting method and reduce forecast errors.

Comparing Predictive Accuracy in Small Samples Using Fixed-Smoothing Asymptotics

We consider fixed-smoothing asymptotics for the Diebold and Mariano (1995) test of predictive accuracy. We show that this approach allows to obtain predictive accuracy tests that are correctly sized even when only a small number of out of sample observations are available. We apply the fixed-smoothing asymptotics to the Diebold and Mariano (1995) test to evaluate the predictive accuracy of the Survey of Professional Forecasters (SPF) against a simple random walk. Our results show that the predictive ability of the SPF was partially spurious, especially in the last decade.

Link Work

In Mangaluru, a smaller rapidly urbanizing coastal city in southwest India, there is a broker on every street. They are skilled, reputation conscious figures, who interpret class, jati, age and gender characteristics into housing and land markets through their mediations. Their work is above all ‘link work’: the forming, maintaining and breaking of links between parties. I argue that links are a form of property. With the city’s changes over the last decades—including partially redistributive land reforms, industrialization, the opening of an all-weather port, a squeeze on land, a real estate ‘boom’ and the arrival of large numbers of out of town college students—the number of potential links has increased and diversified. The links’ sizeable and growing monetary value, the large numbers of brokers or potential brokers, and the temporal incongruities between buyers/tenants and sellers/landlords push brokers to continually search out new links and to move quickly in closing or dropping deals, thus driving the commodification of land and housing in the city.

Complicated multiple pregnancy referral, treatment and outcomes at the NSW Fetal Therapy Centre.

Objectives: To determine the indications for referral, sonographic workload, diagnoses and outcomes of women with a multiple pregnancy referred to the New South Wales Fetal Therapy Centre (NSW FTC). Methods: Retrospective cohort study of twin and higher order multiple (HOM) pregnancies referred to the NSW FTC at the Royal Hospital for Women (RHW) Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine (MFM), Sydney from January 2007 to December 2009. Results: There were 176 twin pregnancies (138 monochorionic diamniotic, 29 dichorionic diamniotic and nine monoamniotic), and 26 HOMs referred (23 triplet and three quadruplet pregnancies). Indications for referral were: twin to twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) 103 women, fetal anomaly 31 women, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) 12 women, serial surveillance of twins or HOM 37 women, and fetal reduction of HOM (nine women). In 80.2% the pathological referral diagnosis was confirmed. The average number of ultrasounds was five (range 1–24), with 90 women (45%) receiving invasive therapy. Thirty‐five percent (71) of referrals were from outside Sydney, including eight interstate and 11 overseas referrals. Two‐thirds of out of area referrals were able to return to their referral hospital for birth: 95 women (47%) delivered at RHW. Conclusion: TTTS was the most common reason for referral, with a high concordance between referral and initial diagnosis. RHW accepted a large number of out of area referrals, in keeping with its role as the NSW FTC. Twin and HOM pregnancy referrals represent a significant workload for the 5 department, with many women also requiring invasive therapy.

Abstract 176: Technology Use Among Patients Undergoing Warfarin Therapy: A Report from the Michigan Anticoagulation Quality Improvement Initiative (MAQI2)

Background: Anticoagulation therapy with warfarin often requires frequent communication between patients and their anticoagulation providers. Providers communicate the current dose schedule, INR/PT lab results, schedule the next blood draws, and ask for updates in patient status such as new medications, changes in health, diet, or activity. Currently, these interactions take place mostly in the form of phone calls and voicemails from anticoagulation nurses to their patients. With the widespread adoption of new telecommunications technology, there is an opportunity to leverage the capabilities of mobile devices to facilitate communication between patients and their providers in order to enhance patient engagement and support clinical care goals. Methods: To assess the current use of technology among warfarin patients and the potential utilization of mobile devices in anticoagulant therapy, we surveyed 136 patients from two sites of the MAQI2 consortium. Survey questions investigated the use of technology for health information and comfort using mobile devices in this cohort of patients. The survey asked whether patients undergoing warfarin therapy believe a mobile device, a smartphone/tablet, would be useful to support instructions. Responses were linked to each patient’s health record by their MAQI2 ID to characterize them based on demographics and indicators of quality of care such as time in therapeutic range (TTR) and the number of out of range INRs. Results: The survey results show that 84% of patients who responded to the survey have internet connectivity at their home. In addition, 66% reported that they always or sometimes use a computer to find health information compared with 34% who rarely or never go online seeking health information (p&lt;0.01). Patients who are comfortable with mobile devices are on average 14 years younger, 57 vs. 71 years old (p&lt;0.01). About 70% of patients responded that a mobile device would be useful to support warfarin instruction and 44% of these patients responded that they would be capable of using a device to support their warfarin therapy. These patients that responded favorably to mobile devices have a lower TTR 40.6% vs. 64.2% (p&lt;0.01), and almost twice the rate of out of range INRs with known reasons (p&gt;0.05) for example such as a change in medication, diet, or because the patient took more/less warfarin than prescribed. Conclusion: A majority of warfarin patients surveyed have internet connectivity at home, and they currently use a computer for health-related purposes. Patients who are most likely to use a mobile device to support instructions and communicate with their providers are younger and spend less time in therapeutic range. Quality of care may be improved in this population through an online/mobile application as a resource to communicate dose changes, remind patients of scheduled blood draws, and collect changes in patient status.

Creating a safe, reliable hospital at night handover: a case study in implementation science

BackgroundWe developed protocols to handover patients from day to hospital at night (H@N) teams.SettingNHS paediatric specialist hospital.MethodWe observed four handover protocols (baseline, Phases 1, 2 and 3) over 2 years....

Republished: Creating a safe, reliable hospital at night handover: a case study in implementation science

BackgroundWe developed protocols to handover patients from day to hospital at night (H@N) teams.SettingNHS paediatric specialist hospital.MethodWe observed four handover protocols (baseline, Phases 1, 2 and 3) over 2 years....

PMO-196 Reducing time to gastroscopy in upper gastrointestinal bleeding

IntroductionApproximately 300–350 patients present to Colchester General Hospital with an upper Gastrointestinal (GI) bleed per year. Guidelines advise endoscopy within 24 h of presentation. To improve our performance, we introduced...

Within-word pronunciation variation modeling for Arabic ASRs: a direct data-driven approach

Pronunciation variation is a major obstacle in improving the performance of Arabic automatic continuous speech recognition systems. This phenomenon alters the pronunciation spelling of words beyond their listed forms in the pronunciation dictionary, leading to a number of out of vocabulary word forms. This paper presents a direct data-driven approach to model within-word pronunciation variations, in which the pronunciation variants are distilled from the training speech corpus. The proposed method consists of performing phoneme recognition, followed by a sequence alignment between the observation phonemes generated by the phoneme recognizer and the reference phonemes obtained from the pronunciation dictionary. The unique collected variants are then added to dictionary as well as to the language model. We started with a Baseline Arabic speech recognition system based on Sphinx3 engine. The Baseline system is based on a 5.4 hours speech corpus of modern standard Arabic broadcast news, with a pronunciation dictionary of 14,234 canonical pronunciations. The Baseline system achieves a word error rate of 13.39%. Our results show that while the expanded dictionary alone did not add appreciable improvements, the word error rate is significantly reduced by 2.22% when the variants are represented within the language model.

Assessing the impact of environment on life styles and life chances among out of school youths in Lagos metropolis

This research is motivated as a result of rapid changes in the lifestyle of our youths and the increasing deterioration of their welfare in terms of the increase in the number of out of school youth in the country, high incidence of child participation in economic activities and incidence of street children in Nigeria. Although, many researches have been conducted in areas of child welfare, most of these researches neglected the determining factors of these welfare indices as well as relationship between environment, poverty and life styles and life chances of our youth. This may have contributed to poor policy response to youth welfare in Nigeria as the literature has shown that child welfare continues to deteriorate. This study was based on primary survey data collected in Lagos between 7th and 21st of April, 2009 from 200 youth (boys and girls) aged 10-24. The sample, a one-stage purposive sampling, is representative of the city of Lagos. This stage increases the use of accidental sampling to select respondents around the Oshodi Motor parks. The individual based questionnaire schedule consists of 60 questions under six sub-sections. The purpose of the survey was to collect information on youth and vocational training. Retrospective longitudinal data were collected concerning residence, education, occupation, sexual unions, family backgrounds, and social attachments among others. Both male and female youth were asked about their perception on vocational training and skills acquisition. The quantitative data were entered, edited, transformed and cleaned. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used in analyzing the data. Simple statistical techniques like Percentile and cross-tabulations were carried out. The study found among other things that participation in school or work is dictated by region, sector, child, parent and household characteristics. The study also noted that incidence of street children is a response to poverty, parental interest and regional and environment differences. The study thus suggested that policies aiming at improving child welfare in Nigeria should consider environment, sector, region, child, parents, household and community characteristics in their policy. Key words: Lagos, lifestyle, youth, Oshodi motor park, Nigeria.

해양레저이벤트의 경제적 파급효과 분석

The purposes of this study were to identify the economic impacts of hosting a marine leisure event and thus provide fundamental information that helps maximize the economic value of the event. In order to accomplish such purposes, this study employed both an economic impact analysis(EIA) using regional input output model and a benefit and cost ratio analysis(BCR). In specific, this study utilized a survey method with a total of 300 event visitors and 70 foreign players and thus collected expenditure data from 110 valid out of town visitors and 58 foreign players. In addition, investment expenditure data were collected from the host city official. Accordingly, EIA and BCR indicated following findings. First, the total direct impact from both visitors and players was 387 million Won and this direct impact resulted in output multiplier effect(OME) of 591 million Won, value added multiplier effect(VAME) of 306 million Won and income multiplier effect(IME) of 252 million Won. Second, the host city`s investment expenditure created OME, VAME and IME of 825, 432 and 366 million Won, respectively. In conclusion, these findings suggest that in order to effectively boost potential economic benefits, more marketing efforts development policies should be implemented for increasing the number of out of town visitors and the amount of spendings from them.

Association Between Out of Pocket Patient's Satisfaction and Repurchase Intention at Wisma Jaya's Community Health Centre, Municipality of Bekasi, 2007

Number of out of pocket patient tends to decrease during 2005 - 2006. Patient satisfaction affects to patient&rsquo;s repurchase intention of health services. This research aim is to identify the association between out of pocket patient&rsquo;s satisfaction and their intention to repeated visit to Puskesmas Wisma Jaya Bekasi in 2007. Research design used cross sectional approach. Data were collected from 219 respondents. Statistical multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analysis the data. The result shows proportion of respondent who wanted to re-utilize Puskesmas Wisma Jaya is 93.2 %. This study found out of pocket patient who satisfied will have 7.5 times to repeated visit Puskesmas Wisma Jaya than out of pocket patient who don&rsquo;t satisfied after education, age and expenses are controlled. Health District Office of Bekasi City should use service coverage and patient satisfaction as indicators to asses the efficacy performance of Puskesmas.