When dealing with fluorinated monomers, emulsion processes suffer from a number of drawbacks which are related mainly to their very limited solubility in the latex particles being formed. This applies especially to gaseous monomers like TFE, HPF, etc. and to crystalline polymers such as PTFE, FEP, PVDF, etc. As a result, reaction rates are very low under normal operating conditions. In this paper we report on the spectacular improvements achieved when the polymerization reaction is performed in the presence of fluorinated microemulsions [E. Giannetti and M. Visca, European Pat. 250 767]. These self-assembling systems were prepared from perfluoropolyethers (PFPE) [A. Chittofrati et al., Colloid and Surfaces, 41 (1989) 45]. The beneficial effect on the reaction rate is reported for a number of different monomers. The technique seems particularly effective in the copolymerization of TFE with less reactive monomers like HFP. The distinctive features of microemulsion polymerization are studied in terms of reaction kinetics, molecular weight of the polymers, particle size distribution, and nucleation mechanism. In this connection, it is demonstrated that the overall number of latex particles per unit volume is strictly related to the number concentration of the constitutive units of PFPE microemulsion present at the beginning of the reaction. Beside its industrial relevance, under appropriate reaction conditions, this methodology allows the formation of stable, very uniform latex particles of very small size and spherical shape; this is often impossible for conventional emulsion processes. These nearly monodispersed polymer colloids could be used as size calibration standards and have already found use to test theories in physics and colloid dynamics [V. Degiorgio, R. Piazza, M. Corti and J. Stavans, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 87 (1991) 431].