Number Of Land Parcels Research Articles

The influence of farmland distribution on the performance of the agglomeration bonus

Coordination incentives like the agglomeration bonus have been proposed to induce the spatial agglomeration of biodiversity conservation efforts and counter the loss and fragmentation of species habitats. Most theoretical and empirical analyses of the agglomeration bonus make unrealistic assumptions about the spatial structure of landholdings. This paper presents a spatially explicit agent-based simulation model to explore how the spatial structure of landholdings affects the performance of the agglomeration bonus. It turns out that if the number of land parcels per landowner is large and their land is spatially cohesive, a higher proportion and agglomeration of conserved land parcels can be achieved for the given budget, implying a higher level of cost-effectiveness. This also has implications for the cost-effective design of coordination incentives. The observed effects are especially high if the conservation costs vary strongly in space.

Northern Ireland farm-level management factors for recurrent bovine tuberculosis herd breakdowns.

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic, infectious and zoonotic disease of domestic and wild animals caused mainly by Mycobacterium bovis. This study investigated farm management factors associated with recurrent bTB herd breakdowns (n = 2935) disclosed in the period 23 May 2016 to 21 May 2018 and is a follow-up to our 2020 paper which looked at long duration bTB herd breakdowns. A case control study design was used to construct an explanatory set of farm-level management factors associated with recurrent bTB herd breakdowns. In Northern Ireland, a Department of Agriculture Environment and Rural Affairs (DAERA) Veterinarian investigates bTB herd breakdowns using standardised guidelines to allocate a disease source. In this study, source was strongly linked to carryover of infection, suggesting that the diagnostic tests had failed to clear herd infection during the breakdown period. Other results from this study associated with recurrent bTB herd breakdowns were herd size and type (dairy herds 43% of cases), with both these variables intrinsically linked. Other associated risk factors were time of application of slurry, badger access to silage clamps, badger setts in the locality, cattle grazing silage fields immediately post-harvest, number of parcels of land the farmer associated with bTB, number of land parcels used for grazing and region of the country.

Tinjauan Yuridis Penyelesaian Sengketa Terhadap Alas Hak Atas Tanah (Studi Putusan Nomor: 347/PDT/2014/PT-Mdn)

Land disputes are unavoidable today, this is because various land needs are very high in today's times while the number of land parcels is limited. This demands improvements in the field of land management and use for the welfare of the community and especially legal certainty. The research method used in this paper is a normative juridical method. The research method used is library research and field research. Arrangement of rights regarding the basis of land rights as regulated in Law No. 5 of 1996 concerning Basic Agrarian Principles, regulating several land rights that are on the earth's surface, under the earth's surface, and above the air. The factors causing the frequent emergence of land dispute problems include: the land administration system, especially in terms of land certification, which is not right, the distribution of land ownership is not evenly distributed, the legality of land ownership is based solely on formal evidence (certificates), without regard to productivity. soil. The process of resolving disputes over land rights in decision number: 347 / Pdt / 2014 / PT-Mdn is resolved through the litigation channel, where in the litigation line the judiciary is given the authority to hold authority and adjudicate a dispute. In every dispute resolution process through litigation, the parties involved in the dispute must follow the procedures set out in the procedural law.

Five Ways of Characterizing Agricultural Land Use Dynamics and Abandonment from Subsidy Data

Abandonment of agricultural land is a process described from different regions of many industrialized countries. Given the current focus on land use, land use change and food security, it appears highly relevant to develop improved tools to identify and monitor the dynamics of agricultural land abandonment. In particular, the temporal aspect of abandonment needs to be assessed and discussed. In this study, we used the detailed information available through the Norwegian subsidy claim database and analyzed the history of use of unique land parcels through a fourteen-year period. We developed and tested five different statistics identifying these land parcels, their temporal dynamics and the extent of occurrence. What became apparent was that a large number of land parcels existing in the database as agricultural land were taken out of production, but then entered into production again at a later stage. We believe that this approach to describe the temporal dynamics of land abandonment, including how it can be measured and mapped, may contribute to the understanding of the dynamics in land abandonment, and thus also contribute to an improved understanding of the food production system.

Bovine Tuberculosis (Mycobacterium bovis) Outbreak Duration in Cattle Herds in Ireland: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) outbreaks, caused by Mycobacterium bovis infection, are a costly animal health challenge. Understanding factors associated with the duration of outbreaks, known as breakdowns, could lead to better disease management policy development. We undertook a retrospective observational study (2012–2018) and employed Finite Mixture Models (FMM) to model the outcome parameter, and to investigate how factors were associated with duration for differing subpopulations identified. In addition to traditional risk factors (e.g., herd size, bTB history), we also explored farm geographic area, parcels/farm fragmentation, metrics of intensity via nitrogen loading, and whether herds were designated controlled beef finishing units (CBFU) as potential risk factors for increased duration. The final model fitted log-normal distributions, with two latent classes (k) which partitioned the population into a subpopulation around the central tendency of the distribution, and a second around the tails of the distribution. The latter subpopulation included longer breakdowns of policy interest. Increasing duration was positively associated with recent (<3 years) TB history and the number of reactors disclosed, (log) herd size, beef herd-type relative to other herd types, number of land parcels, area, being designated a CBFU (“feedlot”) and having high annual inward cattle movements within the “tails” subpopulation. Breakdown length was negatively associated with the year of commencement of breakdown (i.e., a decreasing trend) and non-significantly with the organic nitrogen produced on the farm (N kg/hectare), a measure of stocking density. The latter finding may be due to confounding effects with herd size and area. Most variables contributed only moderately to explaining variation in breakdown duration, that is, they had moderate size effects on duration. Herd-size and CBFU had greater effect sizes on the outcome. The findings contribute to evidence-based policy formation in Ireland.

Household Vulnerability on Food Security in Niger

Household Vulnerability on Food Security in Niger Abdoul Azizou OUMAROU DAN-BAKI, Mahaman Laouan ABOUBE, Abdoul Bassidou MAHAMAN YAOU Abstract This article studies the households’ vulnerability on food insecurity. It makes possible to see the determinants of vulnerability to food insecurity in Niger. On the other hand to find the opportunity for reinforce the households’ resilience vis-a-vis this shortage. The study uses the linear regression model (OLS), inspired by the study made by Randriamiandrisoa and Ballet in 2014. The data are from the agricultural ministry (ECVM/A 2015) and the sample size is 9,354 households on national areas except Agadez region. Variables such as: number of land parcels, number of animals, own production, sale of land, sales of assets, secondary activity, sale of animals, migration, number of children aged from 5 to 10 and gender of the household’s head, are the households’ resilience factors in food insecurity. On the other hand, variables such as shock, off farm labor, number of children aged below five, are households’ vulnerability factors. The study shows that the households of Niger are vulnerable to food insecurity. To reduce this vulnerability, it is significant to stress the households’ characteristics which make them resilient. For that, the government must ensure a permanent follow to predict the risk of insecurity and to limit its consequences of food insecurity. Full Text: PDF DOI: 10.15640/jaes.v8n1a4

Comparative analysis of agricultural farms property structure in the Republic of Serbia and EU

The aim of this paper is to show the ownership structure of agricultural farms in Serbia, compared with house farms in the European Union and point out the basic differences that affect the organization and production efficiency. Proposal of measures that could improve the ownership structure of agricultural farms in the Republic of Serbia could be viewed as a secondary objective of this paper. Historical and descriptive methods were utilized to provide us with an overview in terms of the impact of the implemented agricultural policy measures on the ownership structure of the Republic of Serbia and the European Union. Comparative analysis of statistical data led us to the conclusion regarding the structure and size of farms. Graphical methods, indicators and logical methods were also used in the course of this research. A favorable ownership structure is one of the prerequisites for the development of the agricultural sector, observed, inter alia, through the prism of its competitiveness. Having been under the influence of various factors, the ownership structure of agriculture in Serbia is extremely unfavorable, which is particularly evident in comparison with the Member States of the European Union. Agricultural land in Serbia has been irrationally used for decades, the proof of which is the high prevalence of small and fragmented land holdings (47% of farms in the Republic of Serbia till land up to 2 hectares only). The average holding of 4.5 ha is far below the average level in the EU-27, which amounts to 17.7 ha, and therefore it is impossible to achieve high efficiency and raise competitiveness. Without adequate measures of agricultural policy, which will affect the enlarging of land holdings and a cut in the number of land parcels, there can be no development of our agrarian sector.

Economics and Adoption Behaviour of Farmers in Soil Conservation Technologies in Hilly Zone of South India

The paper has examined the nature of conservation technologies adopted by the farmers and has identified the factors affecting the investment on these technologies by selecting 50 farmers from each priority category of five watersheds (very high, high, medium, low and very low). The technical feasibility and economic viability of different conservation technologies have been studied using NPV, BCR and IRR. The conservation structures were constructed at two levels, viz. farm and community. Farm level adoption of conservation structures like staggered trench has accounted for 72 per cent. Carrot, potato and beans and perennial crops like tea have shown positive additional net returns for adopters compared with nonadopters of conservation technologies. In tea plantation, stone wall had the highest NPV, and in carrot, bench terrace had the highest IRR. The BCR, NPV and IRR for both annual and perennial crops have been found encouraging. Multinomial logit model has been used for identification of factors influencing the choice for soil conservation technologies by the farmers. The study has found that bench terrace was being adopted for annual crops and the variables, number of land parcels, educational level and on-farm income, significantly influence the adoption rate.

Impacts of land fragmentation on input use, crop yield and production efficiency in the mountains of Nepal

AbstractAmidst the growing concern about agricultural underdevelopment in developing countries, this study addresses the causes and trends of land fragmentation. It analyses the impact of land fragmentation on input use efficiency, crop yield and production efficiency, especially with reference to a mountain district in Nepal. Necessary information was obtained from discussions with groups and individual land users and a questionnaire survey covering 184 households representing different degrees of land fragmentation. The analyses focused on two staple crops, namely, maize and paddy. The analysis revealed an increasing trend in the number of land parcels and a decreasing trend in the size of land parcels, primarily due to the heredity tradition of equal division of land among the inheritors. Other factors such as land purchase have also contributed to land fragmentation. Yield analysis revealed that small parcels are more productive than large parcels, because of higher applications of inputs. Consistent with this, small parcels also appeared to have a higher production efficiency than large parcels—considering both benefit and cost of purchased inputs—indicating a positive impact of land fragmentation on farmers' income. However, an analysis considering also the cost of inputs produced on the farm revealed an opposite trend, that is, on large land parcels, production is more efficient than on small parcels. In view of the need to also recover the cost of the inputs produced on‐farm, it is concluded that land fragmentation—leading to small plots—has a negative impact on production efficiency, thereby constraining agricultural development. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

Least-Squares Solution for Dangling-Line Case in Cadastral-Map Resurvey

A variety of practical problems have been experienced in the cadastral-map resurvey in Taiwan. One of them concerns the dangling boundary lines shared with a number of land parcels. Conventionally, this problem is resolved subjectively by the operator via graphic tools. An alternative solution based on the least-squares principle, thereby offering an objective means of assessment, is proposed and described in this study. The normal representation of a line is used to parameterize boundary segments. This formulation avoids the difficulty encountered with other representations, such as the slope-intercept equation. The formulation stated in this paper still remains nonlinear with respect to the unknown parameter(s). However, the convergence is quite stable in all numerical experiments conducted so far. Both the two-parameter and one-parameter cases are discussed.