Number Of Lactobacilli Research Articles

Features of vaginal microbiocenosis in women of reproductive age with overweight and obesity

Overweight and obesity play a negative role in gynecological and obstetric practicE.In women, the frequency of infectious pathology increases against the background of metabolic disorderS.The most common form of infectious vaginitis is bacterial urogenital candidiasis, in the etiological structure of which a significant role belongs to the fungi Candida albicans, as well as Candida non-albicans: C.glabrata, C.tropicalis, C.parapsilosis, C.krusei. Associations of Candida fungi with various representatives of opportunistic microflora, such as gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic, facultative-anaerobic and obligate-anaerobic microorganisms, are often formed. As a result, numerous bacterial pathogens multiply and the number of lactobacilli, which are usually part of the bacterial flora of the vagina, is significantly reduced. In bacterial vaginosis (BV), the concentration of anaerobic pathogens Peptostreptococcus sp, Gardnerella vaginalis, Peptostreptococcus Mobiluncus sp, Mycoplasma hominis can increase 100 timeS.Activation of Atopobium vaginae and Gardnerella vaginalis, which play a “key” role in the pathogenesis of BV, has been proven. The aim of the study was to study changes in the vaginal microbiome in women with candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis in order to improve existing treatment regimenS.We examined 120 women of reproductive age with overweight and obesity. The degree of microbial contamination was determined and the maximum possible spectrum of aerobic and facultative-anaerobic microflora was detected. In women with vulvovaginal candidiasis, overweight and obesity, a high concentration (lg5.8 CFU/ml) of Candida fungi was found, and in 95% of patients two-, three- and four-component associations of Candida fungi with various representatives of conditional pathogenic microflora. Lactobacillus deficiency was found in 58.3% of patients, and their complete absence – in 10.0%. Bacteriological examination of the vaginal contents of women with vaginosis and obesity revealed significant dysbiotic disorders of the vaginal microflora, three-, four- and even five-component associations of anaerobic and facultative anaerobic microflora with a predominance of anaerobeS.A low seeding level of lactobacilli (lg2.2 CFU/ml) was established. Thus, the gram-positive anaerobic and facultative anaerobic microflora of Firmicutes have a significant share in the spectrum of vaginal microflora in overweight and obese patients, in contrast to non-obese women of reproductive agE.In women of reproductive age with vulvovaginal candidiasis and obesity, in contrast to non-obese patients, a higher frequency of fungal-bacterial associations, a higher quantitative level of vaginal contamination by Candida albicans and non-albicans with a lack or general absence of lactoflora.

Physiological and Immunological Changes Associated with Oral Microbiota When Using a Thermoplastic Retainer.

Background: The study examined the oral microbiota, physiological and immunological changes in patients using thermoplastic retainers during three months of use. Methods: The study included several steps. Firstly, 10 swabs were collected from the buccal and palatal surfaces of the teeth of the patients, approximately 2 mL of saliva was collected from the same patients and 2 mL of saliva was collected from 10 healthy people to measure the pH and secretory IgA level. This was followed by the isolation and identfication of the bacterial isolates in the patient samples. Then, isolate susceptibility toward chlorhexidine (CHX) and their adhesion ability to thermoplastic retainer surfaces was measured. In addition to that the study estimated the numbers of Lactobacillus and Streptooccus mutans colonies during three months and finally, a comparsion of pH acidity and IgA level between the patients and healthy people was performed. The results showed the predominant bacteria during the three months were Lactobacillus spp. and Streptococcus spp. followed by different rates of other bacteria. Raoultella ornithinolytica showed more resistance to CHX while Lactobacillus spp. showed more sensitivity. Streptococcus mutans colony levels were higher than Lactobacillus spp. colonies during the three months, also S. mutans had the highest value in adherence to retainer thermoplastic. Finally, pH acidity showed a highly significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) in the third month, like IgA levels (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: According to the results obtained from the current study, the researchers noted that the thermoplastic retainers helped change the oral cavity environment.

Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium Bacteria Profile in Healthy People and People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium are two genera of gram-positive bacteria that are widely used as probiotic products to improve the composition of the intestinal microbiota but until now the difference in the number of these bacteria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and healthy people in Asia remains unclear. This study conducted a systematic review to analyze the differences in the number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium bacteria in patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy people in Asia. The results showed that the number of Lactobacillus bacteria was higher in patients with type 2 diabetics than in healthy people. The number of Bifidobacterium bacteria in patients with type 2 diabetes tended to be lower than in healthy people, although there was some literature stating that there was no difference in the number of Bifidobacterium bacteria in patients with type 2 diabetes and in healthy people. Further research on the profile of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium bacteria per type (species) specifically in people with type 2 diabetes and healthy people of various ethnicities in Indonesia is needed to identify dysbiosis in people with type 2 diabetes and determine specific microbiota therapy for people with type 2 diabetes.

Effects of Lactobacillus salivarius isolated from feces of fast-growing pigs on intestinal microbiota and morphology of suckling piglets

The study determined the effects of Lactobacillus salivarius (LS) administered early in the life of suckling piglets on their growth performance, gut morphology, and gut microbiota. Thirty litters of 3-day-old crossbreed piglets were randomly assigned to one of the three treatments, and treatments were commenced on day 3 after birth. During the whole period of the experiment, the piglets were kept with their mothers and left to suckle ad libitum while being supplemented with a milk formula with or without the bacterial probiotic supplemented. The control group (CON) was not treated with probiotics, the HLS group was treated with LS144 (HLS) screened from feces of fast-growing pigs with high body mass index (BMI) while the NLS group was supplemented with LS160 (NLS) screened from feces obtained from pigs of normal BMI. At the weaning time, a higher abundance of Actinobacteria, Lentisphaerae, and Elusimicrobia phyla were observed in NLS piglets, whereas the abundance of Fibrobacteres phylum was significantly reduced in NLS and HLS piglets compared with the CON. A greater abundance of Lactobacillus was detected in the HLS treatment compared with the CON. The abundance of Bacteroides and Fibrobacter was higher in the CON piglets compared with the HLS and NLS piglets. Compared with the CON group, the oral administration of LS significantly increased the number of Lactobacillus and villus height in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Moreover, the villus height of the duodenum was significantly improved in the HLS treatment compared with the NLS treatment. Based on the findings in the neonatal piglet model, we suggest that oral supplementation of LS, particularly LS isolated from high BMI pigs, could be beneficial by improving the intestinal villus height.

Effects of Citric Acid and Lactobacillus plantarum on Silage Quality and Bacterial Diversity of King Grass Silage.

To better understand the mechanism underlying the citric acid (CA)-regulated silage fermentation, we investigated the bacterial community and fermentation quality of king grass (KG) ensiled without (CK) or with Lactobacillus plantarum (L), CA and the combination of L and CA (CAL). The bacterial community was characterized by using the 16Sr DNA sequencing technology. The L and CA treatments altered the silage bacterial community of KG, showing reduced bacterial diversity, while the abundance of desirable genus Lactobacillus was increased, and the abundances of undesirable genus Dysgonomonas and Pseudomonas were decreased. The additives also significantly raised the lactic acid content, dropped the pH, and reduced the contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, and ammonia-N in ensiled KG (P < 0.01). Besides, the combination treatment was more effective on silage fermentation with the highest pH and lactic acid content, while the contents of acetic acid, propionic acid, and ammonia-N were the lowest (P < 0.01). Moreover, CAL treatment exerted a notable influence on the bacterial community, with the lowest operational taxonomic unit (OTU) number and highest abundance of Lactobacillus. Furthermore, the bacterial community was significantly correlated with fermentation characteristics. These results proved that L and CA enhanced the KG silage quality, and the combination had a beneficial synergistic effect.

The biotechnological studies when developing lozenges with probiotics

Aim. To develop lozenges with probiotic components for the treatment and prevention of ENT diseases and analyze their effectiveness.Materials and methods. The study objects were lozenges based on xylitol and sorbitol of two compositions – based on live probiotic cultures and their metabolites. The following methods of control of the sample efficiency werechosen: determination of the number of viable lactobacilli in the study of their combined use with the drug components and the number of viable bacteria in finished oral probiotics by the Koch method (direct seeding on cups), as well as the method of diffusion into agar with the growth inhibition zone determination.Results and discussion. The studies of the properties of probiotic strains of L. fermentum 90-TC and L plantarum 8P-A3 have shown the prospects for their use in oral probiotics. It has been also proposed to use metabolitesof these strains as active components, which have a rather high antimicrobial potential to opportunistic pathogens that cause infectious ENT diseases. The oral probiotics in the form of lozenges of two compositions – based on live lactobacilli and their metabolites – have shown high efficiency, bacterial survival and antimicrobial properties, respectively.Conclusions. During the complex of the theoretical, technological and biotechnological studies, lozenges with a probiotic of two compositions (based on viable probiotic cultures and their metabolites) have been developed. After further research they can be recommended as a biologically active additive to support the oral microflora, stimulate the own immunity and as a therapeutic and prophylactic agent in infectious diseases of the oral cavity for use in both adults and children.

Post-infectious gastroenterological pathology’s mechanisms in children with rotavirus infection

Introduction: Rotavirus infection (RVI) is one of the most common childhood illnesses in countries where routine vaccination against the disease isn`t introduced. The incidence of RVI in Russia remains at a consistently high level, leading to a huge socio-economic damage. In addition, in children who have undergone severe forms of the disease, have high risk of post-infectious functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract (FD), leading to a decrease in the quality of life and prolonged persistence of dyspeptic phenomena. The pathogenetic mechanisms and factors predisposing to FD in RVI convalescents remain insufficiently studied.The aim of the study was to establish the possible role of intestinal microbiocenosis disorders and immune response in the formation of gastroenterological pathology in children, convalescents of RVI.Material and methods: The work was performed in 2014- 2019. in Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases. In the course of the implementation, a comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination was carried out for 60 children aged 1 to 7 years who had suffered RVI in a severe or moderate form, since the onset of infection followed by a three-year follow-up observation. Particular attention was paid to the assessment of intestinal microbiocenosis and immune response in the study group of patients. The interpretation of dyspeptic symptoms in the follow-up period was carried out on the basis of the Rome IV revision criteria. The structure of gastrointestinal tract disorders after rotavirus infection has been established.Results: It was shown that with RVI, persistent changes in the intestinal microbiota are observed, characterized by a decrease in the number of symbiotic Bacteroides thetaiataomicron, Lactobacillus spp. and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and overgrowth of semipathogenius microorganisms, including Bacteroides fragilis.Conclusion: A close relationship of a number of factors (a decrease in the level of virus-induced production of IFNγ and serum IgA, overgrowth of Proteus spp., Bacteroides fragilis and a decrease in the level of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron) with the formation of FD in the follow-up period was revealed.

Correlation of Colony Lactobacillus spp. with The Incident of Overactive Bladder with OBSS Score at Pauh Primary Health Center Padang

Background : Overactive bladder (OAB) is a group of urgent symptoms, with or without urgent incontinence. Research shows that some Lactobacillus spp. can be a sign of a women bladder’s good health; and found a decrease number of Lactobacillus spp. in patients with OAB. This study aims to assess the correlation of Lactobacillus spp. colony with OAB using the OABSS score at Pauh Primary Health Center, Padang.Method : This research is an analytic study with a cross sectional comparative design. The research was conducted from December 2019 to February 2020 at Pauh Primary Health Center. All women aged 20-40 years who came to Pauh Primary Health Center during the study period were included in the study. Pregnant women, having pelvic abnormalities and a history of other urinary tract diseases or having a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus were excluded in the study. Numerical data are presented in the form of central tendency. Bivariate analysis was performed using the t-independent test if the data distribution was normal and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test if the distribution of the data was not normally distributed.Result: There were 42 samples consisting of 21 OAB respondents and 21 normal respondents. The age of the respondents in the OAB group was 28 ± 6.8 years, while the normal group was 32 ± 7.3 years (p&gt; 0.05). The number of Lactobacillus spp colonies in the normal group was higher than the OAB group, namely 16,389,670 ± 74,380,427.9 CU / ml compared to 15,229,634 ± 67,553,932.9 CU / ml (p&gt; 0.05).Conclusion: There was no correlation between the number of Lactobacillus Spp colonies and the incidence of Overactive Bladder. It is necessary to do further research regarding other risk factors associated with the incidence of OAB and the causes of the decrease number of Lactobacillus spp colonies in OAB patients and the presence of other microorganisms, especially pathogenic microorganisms. Keywords: overactive bladder, Lactobacillus, OABSS score

Anaerobic dysbiosis of the cervical canal as a risk factor for premature rupture of membranes

BACKGROUND: To identify the most significant predictors of premature rupture of membranes in full-term pregnancy with the use of RT-PCR analysis of cervical canal smear.&#x0D; &#x0D; MATERIALS AND METHODS: On the basis of City Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after N.I. Pirogov (Samara), a cervical smear was examined by RT-PCR using a standard panel Femoflor-16. The study involved 47 pregnant women at 37-41 weeks of gestation: the control group consists of 19 pregnant women without premature rupture of the membranes (PROM), and 28 pregnant women with PROM, were included in the main group. The most significant risk factors of PROM were revealed with the use of the Classification Trees.&#x0D; RESULTS: The following risk factors of PROM were identified: the number of Lactobacillus spp. less than 99.3% (sensitivity 75%, specificity 68%); total anaerobic microflora above 0.55% (sensitivity 71%, specificity 68%), Gardnerella vaginalis / Prevotella bivia / Porphyromonas spp. more than 0.08% (sensitivity 64.3%, specificity 73.7%) and Megasphaera spp. / Veilonella spp. / Dialister spp. more than 0.06% (sensitivity 66.7%, specificity 52.6%). If at least one of the above criteria was identified, the patient was attributed to the high risk group for PROM; when all four indicators of the distribution of microorganisms are taken into account, the sensitivity of the method was 85.5%, specificity was 68.4%, the predictive value of positive and negative diagnostic results (models accuracy) were 78.7%.&#x0D; CONCLUSIONS: The most prognostically significant risk factors for the development of PROM in the study of the cervical microbiota are the number of Lactobacillus spp. less than 99.3%; Gardnerella vaginalis / Prevotella bivia / Porphyromonas spp. more than 0.08%; Megasphaera spp. / Veilonella spp. / Dialister spp. more than 0.06%.

Gut Microbiome of Two Different Honeybee Workers Subspecies In Saudi Arabia.

Honeybees play a vital role in the world’s food supply by acting as essential pollinators in the agricultural fields. Interestingly, more than one third of the world’s essential crops are honeybee’s dependant. The adult honeybeeworkers harbour a simple specific bacterial spectrum in their guts with vital role in bees’ health. Gut microbial diversity of adult honeybee workerswasstudied through targeting the V3 and V4 regions of the 16S rRNA geneviaIllumina MiSeq. The study identified four phyla of the gut microbiomesinadult workersof the two-honeybee subspecies A.m. jemeniticaandA.m. carnica. The most abundant phylum in microbiome of A.m. jemeniticawasFirmicutes (48%), while Protobacteria and Actinobacteriaphylawere less abundantat figures of31% and 10%, respectively. In microbiome of A.m. carnica,Firmicutes (57%) was also the most dominant phylum, while Protobacteria and Actinobacteria had lower prevalence at figures of 31% and 10%, respectively. At genus level, adult honeybee workers harboured a number ofLactobacillus spp.in their guts with relative abundance of 80% in A.m. jemeniticaworkers compared to52%forA.m. carnicaworkers.Up toour knowledge, this is the first study of its kind on gut microbiome diversity inhoneybee workersof different origins conducted in Saudi Arabia using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology. The results indicatedthat the variability inmonophyletic origin of host of honeybee workers affectedgut microbiota composition.

Dysbiosis of the rat vagina is efficiently rescued by vaginal microbiota transplantation or probiotic combination

Vaginal dysbiosis is characterised by a disturbed vaginal microbiota and is associated with various gynaecological diseases. Owing to its high recurrence rate, there is an urgent need for the development of effective therapeutic agents. In the present study, a vaginal dysbiosis model was developed to study the effect of vaginal microbiota transplantation (VMT) or probiotic combination (containing Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus salivarius) on vaginal dysbiosis. Our results indicated that VMT or probiotic combination significantly reduced bacterial-induced inflammation (infiltration of neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes) in the uterine wall and the enrichment of pro-inflammatory cytokines [interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα)] in vaginal tissue, and restored the disturbed vaginal microbiota to normal levels (increased numbers of Lactobacillus and decreased numbers of Enterobacter and Enterococcus), thus it should be beneficial for avoiding the recurrence of vaginal dysbiosis. Therefore, VMT or probiotic combination might be an effective agent for the treatment of bacterial-induced vaginosis.

Efficiency of the introduction of different Ca levels in broiler chicken diets as part of dietary fiber extrudates

One of the main tasks of industrial poultry farming is the introduction of new technologies that reduce the cost of obtaining products through the use of non-traditional feed components. The aim of the research is to study the effectiveness of the technology of extrusion processing of feed components at the stage of interaction with the biome of the poultry digestive system. It was found that the inclusion of extruded bran in the diet is accompanied by a significant increase in the number of Lactobacillus. Moreover, the most significant growth was observed in the intestines of a bird receiving an extrudate with an input of 20 % calcium. This group was also characterized by a maximum growth of Escherichia 7.3 times in comparison with the control. The introduction of an extrudate with a content of 10 % calcium is associated with a decrease in the number of E. coli in the cecum of chickens. Thus, pretreatment of non-starch polysaccharides together with calcium in the extruder stimulates abdominal digestion of chickens, which indicates the possibility of their use in industrial production.

ПРОБИОТИЧЕСКИЙ ШТАММ LACTOBACILLUS REUTERI И ЕГО ВЛИЯНИЕ НА ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ ПОРОСЯТ В ПОСЛЕОТЬЕМНЫЙ ПЕРИОД

The article presents data on the study of the effectiveness of a probiotic based on two strains of Lactobacillus reuteri on the indicators of nonspecific resistance and productivity of weaned piglets. The normalization of the digestive tract microflora under the action of probiotics, manifested in an increase in the number of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, with a simultaneous decrease in the number of salmonella, as well as the stimulation of non-specific immunity, together led to an increase in the growth rate of piglets. At the end of the experiment, the live weight of piglets treated with Lactobacillus reuteri was 9.3% higher and the average daily gains were 15.8% higher than the control group. At the same time, feed costs per 1 kg of growth decreased by 13.6%. This allows the use of probiotic strains of Lactobacillus reuteri in the diet of piglets to increase non-specific resistance and growth indicators in the post-weaning period.

Altered intestinal microflora and barrier injury in severe acute pancreatitis can be changed by zinc.

To investigate the effect of zinc (Zn) supplementation on intestinal microflora changes and bacterial translocation in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), the rats were divided into the sham surgery (SS), SAP, SS + Zn, and SAP + Zn groups. Saline (0.1 mL/100g) and 5% sodium taurocholate were injected into the pancreaticobiliary duct of the rats in the SS and SAP + Zn groups, respectively. Intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg/kg Zn was performed immediately after injecting saline or 5% sodium taurocholate into the rats in both groups. Serum amylase and Zn levels, plasma endogenous endotoxin, intestinal permeability, and the positive rate of intestinal bacterial translocation were detected, haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was performed, and the pancreatic tissue scores were calculated for each group. In addition, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed to evaluate the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to quantify the gene copy numbers of Escherichia, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus in the cecum. The levels of amylase and plasma endotoxin in the SAP group were significantly higher than those in the SS and SS + Zn groups. Intestinal mucosal permeability and intestinal bacterial translocation in the liver, pancreas, and mesenteric lymph nodes were increased in the SAP group. However, the levels of amylase and plasma endotoxin were decreased as a result of zinc supplementation in the SAP group. The expression of IL-1β and TNF-α was also reduced to a greater degree in the SAP + Zn group than in the SAP group. Moreover, alleviated intestinal mucosal permeability and intestinal bacterial translocation in the liver, pancreas, and mesenteric lymph nodes were found in the SAP + Zn group. The results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the gene copy number of Escherichia increased with time, and the gene copy numbers of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium decreased over time. Zn supplementation prevented the release of TNF-α and IL-1β, alleviated intestinal permeability and endotoxemia, reduced bacterial translocation, and inhibited changes in pathogenic intestinal flora in rats with SAP.

Nonspecific vaginitis: when is the time to act?

The imbalance of the vaginal flora, the decreased estrogen levels or certain endogenous infections cause symptomatic, nonspecific vaginitis. Nonspecific vaginitis include atrophic vaginitis, inflammatory squamous vaginitis, irritating vaginitis, and erosive planar vulvar lichen. During menopause, atrophic vaginitis has a high prevalence due to low estrogen levels, and increased vaginal pH, leading to a decrease in lactobacilli species and the multiplication of bacterial species that cause infections. Squamous inflammatory vaginitis is characterized by irritation, inflammation, the presence of purulent leukorrhea and a high degree of discomfort. It is estimated that 75% of adolescents and women experience at least one episode of vulvovaginitis during their lifetime, with the most common cases beginning in adolescence. The presence of purulent, yellow to green leukorrhea, and signs of irritation in the vagina and vulva are reasons for the urgent presentation to the gynecologist. The specialist will diagnose nonspecific vulvovaginitis by excluding candidiasis or trichomoniasis infections. In this type of vaginitis, due to the decrease in the number of lactobacilli, other types of bacteria will multiply, such as group B Streptococcus or Escherichia coli. Nonspecific vaginitis in pregnancy leads to severe complications, miscarriage or chorioamnionitis. The purpose of treatment in nonspecific vaginitis is to reduce inflammation, restore the vaginal ecosystem and, in the case of atrophic vaginitis, hormone replacement. To prevent recurrences, it is recommended to combine adjuvant treatments that support anti-infective treatment regimens and contribute to the rapid restoration of vaginal pH and to the preservation of lactobacilli species.

Characteristics of intestinal microbiota and enzyme activities in mice fed with lily bulb.

The aim was to investigate the effect of lily bulbs on the microecological characteristics of intestinal microbiota and enzyme activities in normal mice. Thirty SPF Kunming mice were randomly divided into the control group, Lilium lancifolium (LL) group and Lilium davidii var. unicolor (LDU) group. Mice of the latter two groups were given 0.15g·mL-1 lily bulb solution, respectively, by gavage twice a day, while the control group was given the same volume of sterilized water. After 49days, intestinal contents and mucosa of all mice were collected and the characteristics of intestinal microbiota and enzyme activities were analyzed. Results showed that the number of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacteria spp. in the LL group was significantly higher than that in the control group (t = 2.68 × 107, P = 0.000; t = 5.96 × 107; P = 0.000) and the LDU group (t = 6.12 × 107, P = 0.000; t = 2.71 × 107, P = 0.000), while the number of total bacteria was significantly lower (P = 0.040). Microbial activity in intestinal contents and mucosa of the LDU group (t = 0.43, P = 0.001; t = 0.69, P = 0.000) decreased, and microbial activity in intestinal mucosa of the LL group decreased significantly (t = 0.89, P = 0.000) but increased significantly in intestinal contents of the LL group (t = 0.81, P = 0.000). The activities of amylase (t = 455.73, P = 0.000; t = 206.56, P = 0.000) and protease (t = 52.32, P = 0.000) increased but the activities of lactase (t = 443.51, P = 0.000; t = 15.71, P = 0.000) and sucrase (t = 5.82, P = 0.000; t = 366.82, P = 0.000) decreased significantly in contents from the LL group and LDU group. Except for the sucrase activity, enzyme activities in mucosa of the LL group were completely opposite to those in contents (t = 44.15, P = 0.000; t = 1.25, P = 0.007; t = 14.64, P = 0.011). In conclusion, dietary lily bulbs increased intestinal contents amylase activities and mucosa lactase activity significantly. Lily bulbs, especially Lilium lancifolium, can promote the growth of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacteria spp., and inhibit the growth of total bacteria in the intestines of normal mice. Lilium lancifolium bulbs have the potential to be a functional food.

Evaluation of effectiveness of a mouthwash containing antiseptic octenidine dihydrochloride

Was to assess changes in the oral microbiota when using octenidine dihydrochloride mouthwash. Quantitative and qualitative changes in the oral microbiota were studied and evaluated after a single rinse, course application and long-term dates. A single rinse resulted in a significant decrease in the number of pathogenic microorganisms: S. aureus, C. albicans, and Enterobacteriae. After a seven-day course of mouthwash application, the complete disappearance of pathogenic microorganisms: S. aureus, S. albicans, and Enterobacteriae and an increase in the number of Lactobacillus spp were revealed. 7 days after the mouthwash was canceled, there was some recovery of pathogenic (S. aureus, Candida), the number of Lactobacillus spp. remained the same, normal microflora almost completely restored. Octenidine dihydrochloride mouthwash may be recommended for wide use in dental practice in the treatment of various oral pathological conditions, including candidiasis and dysbiosis.

Influence of the type of housing on the intestinal microflora of layers and broilers

The microbiota of birds of different housing types was studied, namely: cage, outdoor and free-range. The number of bacteria Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, E. coli and lactose-positive, Bacillus in bird faeces was investigated. It has been shown that the composition of the microbiota does not depend on the type of their content but depends on the type of nutrition and on the microbiota that was initially located in a farm or poultry house environment. At the same time, the microbiota of birds can change at a young age, but after puberty, it becomes more stable. The microbiota of free-range birds remained stable while maintaining diet and changed with diet changes depending on the season. It has also been shown that litter and soil are capable of retaining significant numbers of intestinal bacteria. Bacillus can colonize birds’ gut, but it is not a permanent participant in the gut microbiota of birds.

Effects of dietary supplementation with the antimicrobial peptide WK3 on growth performance and intestinal health in diarrheic weanling piglets

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the effects of the antimicrobial peptide WK3, as an alternative to antibiotics, on diarrheic piglets. Before treatment, all pigs were orally challenged with 108 CFU/ml enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88 for 3 days. Piglets were randomly divided into 3 treatments of eight piglets each, namely, the control treatment, antibiotic treatment and antimicrobial peptide treatment. The experimental results show that the addition of the antibacterial peptide WK3 to the diet can significantly reduce the chance of diarrhea. Compared with the CON group, average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of the WK3 group (P < 0.05) increased. Compared with that with the control treatment and antibiotic treatment, the level of GSH-Px in the jejunum significantly increased (P < 0.05) with WK3 supplementation. The numbers of bacteria, Lactobacillus spp. (P < 0.01) and Bifidobacteria spp. (P < 0.01), were higher in the WK3 group, but Enterobacterium spp. in digesta of the cecum were depleted (P < 0.01). The WK3 group decreased the expression levels of the inflammatory factors IL-1α (P < 0.05) and TLR-4 (P < 0.01) in the jejunal mucosa contrast to the control treatment.

Improving the efficiency of poultry meat production by feeding ultrafine silicon

The article presents the results of a study on the effect of various doses of ultrafine silicon on the microbial content of the intestines and blood parameters of poultry. The microbiology of digestion is very complex and poorly understood. It was found that ultrafine silicon particles selectively affected the intestinal micro flora of chickens, reduced the number of pathogenic microorganisms, thereby increasing the number of lactobacilli in the total mass. Useful microorganisms can significantly increase the bioavailability of the feed used. It also has a positive effect on the content of red blood cells and by the middle of the experiment, their number was significantly higher in the experimental groups by 4.74–7.79 %, and by the end of the experiment-by 4.38–9.04% compared to the same indicator in the control group. The hemoglobin content in the blood of chickens also increases in comparison with the beginning of the experiment. By the end of the accounting period, in the 1st (dose of 100 mg/kg of feed from ultrafine si particles), 2nd (dose of 200 mg/kg of feed from ultrafine Si particles) experimental groups, the level of hemoglobin decreased by 4.78–5.06%, in the 3rd (dose of 300 mg/kg of feed from ultrafine Si particles) and 4th (dose of 400 mg/kg of feed from ultrafine Si particles) experimental groups, where the highest concentration of silicon in the feed was observed, increased by 12.0 %. There was also an increase in the total protein in the blood of the experimental bird by 3.05–5.45% by the middle of the experiment and by 10.08-11.58% by the end of the experiment. The albumin fraction content also increases by 10.48-3.10 %. Thus, the data obtained during the study reflect the body’s response to various doses of ultrafine silicon used in poultry feeding. The obtained result shows the possibility of using these forms in the industrial production of animal feed.