Number Of Inclusion Bodies Research Articles

The effect of thyroxine on the maturation of fetal rabbit lungs.

The effect of thyroxine on the development of fetal rabbit lungs was evaluated. In the first series of experiments involving 26 animals, thyroxine was given intramuscularly to pregnant does for two days prior to premature delivery of fetuses at 26 to 28 days gestation (full term: 30 days). There was no evidence of accelerated lung maturation in the fetuses treated with thyroxine. In a second series of experiments of 20 pregnant does, thyroxine was injected directly into the fetuses and amniotic sacs in one uterine horn at 24 to 25 day gestation: saline was given to the fetuses in the other horn which served as controls. When delivered two days later, thyroxine treated fetuses in comparison to the controls showed a significant increase in surface activity of the lung although there was no appreciable difference in body length and weight, and lung weight. Electronmicroscopy revealed accelerated maturation of the fetal lung evidenced by an increase in the number of inclusion bodies and early disappearance of glycogen in the Type II alveolar cells in the treated fetuses.

Age-related changes in ultrastructure and histochemistry of rotiferan organs

Age-related ultrastructural and histochemical changes of the vitellarium, stomach, and dorsal gastric gland were studied in the rotifer Philodina acuticornis odiosa Milne. Changes in all organs were quantitative, rather than qualitative, alterations of organelle populations. The appearance of age pigment or membranous elements and ultrastructural changes of mitochondria were not observed. The most significant changes were increases in the number of inclusion bodies and free ribosomes, of which the latter was not quantitated. Inclusion bodies increased approximately 30-fold in the gastric gland and vitellarium, and approximately 2-fold in the stomach. The histochemical studies showed an age-related increase in acid phosphatase activity in the three organs which was generally well correlated with the increase in inclusion bodies, while there was no age-related increase in lipid content. Results are discussed in relation to current investigations of aging.

Acid phosphatase activity in the retinal pigment epithelium

Normal rabbit pigment epithelium was exposed to a modified form of the Gomori technique. A positive acid phosphatase reaction was obtained from the inclusion bodies. After low energy laser irradiation an increase in the number of inclusion bodies was observed. These reactions indicate the phagocitic nature of the pigment epithelium and suggest an auxilliary macrophage-like role in cases of retinal trauma.

The nucleopolyhedrosis virus of Heliothis: Quantitative in vivo estimates of virulence

The ld 50 inclusion-body nucleopolyhedrosis virus dose for 8-day-old Heliothis zea larvae was 250 times that of 3-day-old larvae. Less than a twofold difference was obtained when the dose was calculated as the number of inclusion bodies per milligram of body weight. An estimated 370–690 virions or 3.7–6.9 × 10 −2 picograms (pg) of DNA per milligram of body weight were required to attain an ld 50 level.

Shope fibroma virus assay based on enumeration of cells containing inclusion bodies

Inclusion bodies stainable by the May-Grünwald-Giemsa and fluorescent, antibody techniques are seen after infection of HeLa, human amnion, and rabbit kidney cells with Shope fibroma virus. At 20 hours after infection the number of inclusion bodies is linearly related to the dilution of virus and the volume of inoculum. These observations provide the basis for an assay. The inclusion-body count is fast, reproducible, and more sensitive than the plaque assay. There is a quantitative relationship between the amount of virus neutralized, measured by the inclusion-body count, and the dilution of added antibody.

Movements of tobacco mosaic virus inclusion bodies within tobacco callus cells.

Cytoplasmic streaming caused linear or rotatory movements of tobacco mosaic virus inclusion bodies in the living tobacco callus cells. The inclusions were moved back and forth by active streaming between the peripheral region of the cell and the nuclear zone. The movements of individual inclusions depended on contacts with streaming cytoplasmic strands; on the age, size, and shape of the cell; and on the size, type, and number of inclusion bodies. Virus inclusions appeared as hexagonal crystals, paracrystals, and spherical bodies with or without crystals. Gray plates and small angular virus crystals with at least one angle of 120° were also seen. Inclusions not in contact with the streaming strands had slight or no movements. The cyclotic forces at a site of converging and diverging active strands exerted a stress on the inclusions, especially the spherical bodies and the loosely held groups of small virus crystals. The elastic paracrystalline fibrous inclusions, if long enough, curved in various forms under the influence of cyclosis. These inclusions, sharp at the ends, passed through the nucleus and also through walls of adjoining cells when pushed by streaming cytoplasm. Fibrous inclusions were occasionally intercepted by a newly formed wall in a dividing callus cell. Small angular virus crystals which formed hexagonal crystals on fusion appeared to move into and out of the nucleus. An unusual type of TMV inclusion appeared in the form of clumps of granular material, highly birefringent in polarized light. Transformation was observed of the nucleus into a multilobular structure with 3 or 4 nucleoli in some of the virus-infected cells.