Abstract Aiming at the problems of large leakage and high friction heat generation of the piston ring under high pressure and high speed, based on the previous research on the V-shaped groove piston ring, the research on the design method of the V-shaped groove piston ring is carried out in depth. The numerical analysis is carried out focusing on the number of V-shaped grooves and the depth of the V-shaped grooves of the piston ring. The influence law is verified and analyzed by using a high-pressure and high-speed rotating test bench. The simulation and experimental results show that the leakage of 4 grooves and 8 grooves piston ring is reduced by 14.9 and 28.5%, and the temperature is reduced by 10.9 and 4.7%; When there are 8 V-shaped grooves on the piston ring, the leakage is reduced by 28.5 and 21.7%; when the V-shaped groove depth is 0.04 and 0.08 mm, the temperature is reduced by 4.1%. However, when the V-shaped groove depth is 0.12 mm, the leakage is increased by 2.7% compared with the traditional piston ring. Appropriate groove number and groove depth can realize the coordinated design of low leakage and low friction temperature rise.