Number Of Elderly People Research Articles

ZigBee Technology to Provide Elderly People with Well-Being at Home

Background: The number of elderly people is growing, and it becomes a challenge for the families and governments regard their health. They are facing declines in their health and missing some of the quality of life that is provided to them. They are unable to control their self. They are vulnerable to fall and get in dangerous or restricted area. Aim: This study aims at conducing an experiment using Real-Time Location System (RTLS) via ZigBee technology in order to track the elderly person at his/her home. Objectives: To track the old age people and provide them proper care and support whenever they are in challenging times. Method: RTLS is a system that offers a real-time tracking and positioning of people or objects. Results: The results showed that the ZigBee technology provides valuable insights to determine the location of an elderly person at home and sends an alert when a person gets in a restricted area. Conclusion: ZigBee have contributed to be one of the best of its kind protocol that can help to track and mange old aged people at house.

The complexity of social work at hospitals during the pandemic in Germany

Social work is also an indispensable pillar in the healthcare of patients in hospitals (Homfeldt, 2012, p. 489). Hospital social services support patients in processing stressful diagnoses and coping with the consequences of diseases (Gödecker-Geenen, 2005, p. 19). Due to the current development of problem situations and the current structure of health and social care, social work is gaining more and more importance (Schaub, 2008, p. 17; Hofmann, 2004, p. 413). Demographic changes result in an increase in the number of elderly people and a steady increase in their life expectancy. The lack of family or financial resources creates gaps in the supply of hospital social services (Meyer, 2019, p. 9). However, the change in the spectrum of health risks and diseases from predominantly acute to chronic ones, justifies the importance of social work in these facilities (Schaub, 2008, p. 17; Lützenkirchen, 2005, pp. 10–14). The Covid-19 pandemic presents a particular challenge that has spread around the world since late 2019. It affects all areas of life and life situations (Schmitt, 2020, p. 177). Protective measures to contain the virus, such as mass gathering prohibitions, contact restrictions, minimum distance regulations, hygiene measures and masks, determine daily and social life. Preventing visits from relatives, pastors and social workers puts a new light on the holistic view of health and the disease and its social determinants (Kröll et al., 2020, pp. 7–38). Infection protection legislation also restricts community services from interacting with patients and hospital staff. Work processes and communication must change, and existing systems must be redesigned (Truell, 2020).

HORMONAL MANIFESTATIONS OF THYROID CANCER ASSOCIATED WITH AUTOIMMUNE THYROIDITIS

In medical practice, early diagnosis of CT is difficult because the neoplasm coexists or develops against the background of nodular-inflammatory thyroid pathologies, which have a slow evolution, CT is often associated with thyroiditis. The association of thyroid carcinoma with autoimmune thyroiditis remains debatable. In the literature, this combination is noted in 1% to 75% of cases. In recent years, there has been a steady increase in the number of thyroid cancers developed against the background of autoimmune thyroiditis, this being explained by improved diagnostic methods, living environment and increasing the number of elderly people. The relationship between inflammation and cancer is known to be that patients with autoimmune thyroiditis have a higher risk of developing thyroid cancer. The literature does not fully elucidate the hormonal peculiarities of thyroid cancer associated with autoimmune thyroiditis have not been studied yet in the Repulic Of Moldova

STATE OF DENTAL TISSUES IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH THYROID HYPOFUNCTION

Abstract. Introduction. Currently, the number of elderly people in the world is growing steadily. However, at the moment the question of the influence of the hypofunction of the thyroid gland on the state of the hard tissues of the teeth of elderly patients remains insufficiently studied. The aim: to study the state of dental hard tissues in elderly patients with hypothyroidism. Materials and methods. A dental examination was performed on 60 patients with hypothyroidism and 30 patients without endocrine pathology. All patients underwent a survey, examination, determination of indicators of the prevalence of caries and non-carious lesions, the prevalence of tooth hypersensitivity, the intensity of caries, acid resistance of enamel, as well as determination of the rate of enamel remineralization. Results and discussion. An unsatisfactory state of the oral cavity was revealed in patients. This requires close attention to the health of the oral cavity on the part of not only the patient, but also the dentist at the clinical appointment. Conclusion. The relationship between hypofunction of the thyroid gland and the state of the oral cavity reflects the comorbidity of diseases. The existing problem of the choice of treatment tactics dictates the need to develop an integrated, differentiated approach to the treatment and prevention of dental pathology.

DEMENTIA IN ONCOLOGICAL PATIENTS

Oncological diseases are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. The problem is quite topical since the number of patients with cancer is a sensitive theme. At present, there are about 20 million people having the disease all over the world. Hence, the number of elderly people with the disease is about 10-15%. The purpose of our research was to study dementia in cancer patients. The study was conducted in the Batumi high-tech hospital (Batumi Oncological Center). 100 patients aged 25 to 75 participated in this study. Among them, the 60 patients were female and 40 were male. At the same time, only 45 patients were operated on. Of these, 16 patients were operated after chemotherapy, 4 patients after radiotherapy and 35 patients during combination therapy. 6 patients with lung cancer, 22 patients with breast cancer, 6 patients with skin cancer, 7 patients with gastric cancer, 4 patients with bladder cancer, 15 patients with ovarian cancer, 25 patients with uterine cancer were examined. In the study, three of them had the family history of dementia. We studied the patient's medical history, physiological data, assessed their mental and cognitive functions to determine the diagnosis of dementia. We studied the patient's medical history, physiological data, assessed their mental and cognitive functions, mini-mental state examination, and carried out a survey of family members as the patients often had difficulty precisely describing the symptoms to determine the diagnosis of dementia. Out of 100 patients, 20% of them had mild dementia, 44% - moderate dementia and 35 % - severe dementia. Among the patients examined, dementia was not observed in 1%. Computed tomography of the brain was performed on the examined patients. Cerebral atrophy, a decrease in brain mass and volume in 34%, cortical atrophy in 60% of patients and the expansion of the ventricle system of the brain in 35% were revealed in the pathomorphological picture. The atrophic process is strongly expressed in the pariental (17%), frontal and temporal lobes (76%). Therefore, dementia is quite common in cancer patients with severe and moderate depression, predominant in 79%. Dementia was not observed only in one case, which is very important. The researchers point out reversible dementia after chemotherapy, which is reversible after a while. Community involvement has great importance for the treatment and psychological adaptation to the new reality of cancer patients. It is necessary to develop educational programs aimed at providing assistance from the moment of diagnosis to the end of treatment.

Poor Ventilation Habits in Nursing Homes Have Favoured a High Number of COVID-19 Infections

Residents of nursing homes have been significantly affected by COVID-19 in Spain. The factors that have contributed to the vulnerability of this population are very diverse. In this study, physical agents, chemical pollutants, population density and different capacities of residences were analysed to understand their influence on the number of elderly people who have died in geriatric centres in different autonomous communities (AACCs) of Spain. A statistical analysis was carried out on the variables observed. The results show that many residences with a larger number of deaths were private, with some exceptions. Physical agents and pollutants were found to be determining factors, especially for the communities of Extremadura and Castilla–La Mancha, although the large number of factors involved makes this study complicated. The compromise between air quality and energy efficiency is of great importance, especially when human health is at stake.

AGE-RELATED FEATURES OF BONE REGENERATION (LITERATURE REVIEW)

The number of elderly people is constantly increasing all over the world. They are most often the patients who need orthopedic surgeries like arthroplasty, osteosynthesis and others. It is knownthat the process of bone regeneration depends on the patient’s age. However, certain characteristics of bone regeneration process depend on the age remain unclear, which is important for developingthe best strategies for treatment of elderly patients. Objective. Тo identify age-related features of bone regeneration and to establish possible ways of influencing them in order to optimize the boneregeneration in elderly patients. Methods. Literature search was performed in the PubMed database. Inclusion criteria were original experimental and clinical studies in English. The search depth is accepted for 20 years. Results. It has been experimentally and clinically shown that bone tissue regeneration slows down with age, which is more pronounced in women. According to scientific information, this involves two signaling pathways — Notch and Wnt/β-Catenin, the activity of which is suppressed with age. However, the regulation of regeneration is a cascade of signaling pathwaysand macromolecules. The expression of growth factors after fracture changes at older age compared to a younger one. In particular,a decrease in the expression of TGFβ-1 was clinically revealed. In addition, in older patients after fracture, an increase in macrophage colony-stimulating factor and VEGF was recorded. It has been experimentally established that a combination of a slowdownin bone tissue regeneration with a decrease in the content of Indian Hedgehog, Sonic Hedgehog, BMP-2, 4, -7 proteins and MMP-9 in bone callus has been established. Among the ways to overcome the delayed bone regeneration in elderly patients can be the use of modern technologies of cell and gene therapy, inhibitors of macrophages, biologically active factors at certain stages of bone regeneration. For cell therapy, it is important to take into account the age of the cell donor because of the high probability of functional disorders in cells from older donors.

Theoretical principles of health-improving and recreational activities in the structure of leisure for the elderly

The life expectancy of the population in all countries of the world has been steadily increasing over the last century and there are many social problems associated with the adaptation of a person of the elderly age in society. The tendency of increasing the number of elderly people in the population structure of many countries requires awareness of old age as a new fairly long season of life. Therefore, it is very important to focus leisure time on the formation of active ageing, which will affect the quality of life and involvement of a person of the elderly age in social, professional life. The goal of our research was to theoretically substantiate the principles of health-improving and recreational motor activity in the structure of leisure for the elderly. To achieve this goal, research methods were used: analysis of scientific literature and normative legal documents, comparison and analogy. Research findings. The paper reveals the main factors influencing the organization of leisure services for the elderly; the most common gaps of the modern network of health-improving and recreational services for the elderly are identified; strategically important directions for the organization of health-improving and recreational activities for the elderly are singled out; the main components in the successful organization of health-improving and recreational activities for the elderly within leisure are identified; the principles and factors of health-improving and recreational activities with the elderly are revealed. Conclusions. Therefore, for the successful organization of health-improving and recreational activities of the elderly within the leisure one should take into consideration the main factors, areas and principles of health-improving and recreational activities. The main components of a good organization are: health and fitness activities, the creation of "hobby groups" and meeting the needs of human communication, which are based on the essence of health-improving and recreational activities for this age group.

The effect of brain gym towards anxiety level of elder people in rural areas of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

In 2012 The National Statistical Committee of Indonesia stated that the number of elder people in Yogyakarta was at 13.04% of all Indonesian populations. The elder people need more attention and safe medications which may affect their physical and psychological bodies. Some elder people may suffer from any emotional imbalance, including anxiety or mood disorders. The prevalence of anxiety in individuals 55years old or more is 2.8%. One of the effective ways to control and maintain the emotional level is a brain-stimulating activity or known as brain gym.

Search for Natural Compounds - Based Therapeutic Approach against Alzheimer’s disease: Chitin and Chitosan – The Choice

As the number of aged people is increasing globally, so is the case of neurodegenerative disease Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Though different treatment strategy have been applied against AD, success rate is meager. Thus, search for natural compounds capable of withstanding AD progression has received momentum. Present article evaluates the potentiality of chitin and chitosan, the natural bio-polymers, in ameliorating AD. Information presented here would be of immense importance to the AD patients, patients’ care givers, health care providers, researchers and policy makers round the world

The Effect of Gymnastics in The Healthy Elderly on Physical Fitness and Cognitive Function in Indonesia Elderly Institutional of West Java Province

The declines in physical fitness and cognitive function are two of the indicators that can be used in determining the health status of the elderly. According to Statistics Indonesia, the number of elderly people in Indonesia reached 20.24 million people in 2014. The Elderly will likely be more vulnerable to physical complaints due to the aging process. Gymnastics is an appropriate type of exercise for the elderly and has good benefits to improve the quality of life, maintaining their physical fitness and cognitive function. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of gymnastics of healthy elderly on physical fitness and cognitive function in Lembaga Lanjut Usia Indonesia (Indonesia Elderly Institutional) of West Java Province. This research was conducted from February to June 2017. The research method is analytical observational with a cross-sectional design. The samples of research were 20 people who regularly attend gymnastics and 20 people who do not regularly attend gymnastics. Their age ranges between 60-69 years old. Measurements of fitness used in this study was a Six-minute walk test, while for cognitive function, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was applied. The results showed that 18 out of 20 people who exercised gymnastics on a regular basis had good physical fitness (V ?O_2max = 24,01–30,59ml/kg BW/min), and all of them had normal cognitive function (MMSE score between 24–30). As for chi-square test results, it was shown that the elderlies who performed regular physical fitness exercise had p<0,05, while their cognitive function had p< 0,05. In conclusion, there is a positive impact of gymnastics on the healthy elderly's physical fitness and cognitive function. The elderly who regularly attend gymnastics has chronic adaptation resulted in good physical fitness. In addition, gymnastics is a combination of muscle movement and breathing exercises, and it maximizes the blood flow and oxygen supply to the brain that results in better cognitive function.

Pendidikan, Jarak Rumah dan Dukungan Keluarga terhadap Pemanfaatan Posyandu Lansia

The elderly population is currently increasing. Based on population projection data, it is estimated that in 2017 there are 23.66 million elderly people in Indonesia (9.03%). It is predicted that the number of elderly people in 2020 (27.08 million), 2025 (33.69 million), 2030 (40.95 million) and 2035 (48.19 million). Data obtained from cadres showed that the elderly had low awareness of joining the posyandu for the elderly. one cader said that the majority of the elderly rarely visit the posyandu for the elderly (only 40% are active). This research is a quantitative study with cross sectional design. The research was conducted at the elderly Posyandu in the Puskesmas Paal X Work Area with 36 respondents in December 2019-January 2020. Data were analyzed univariat and bivariat with the Chi Square test. The results showed that there was a relationship between family support and the utilization of the elderly posyandu, there was no relationship between education and distance from the house with the use of the elderly posyandu in the elderly posyandu in the working area of Puskesmas Paal X, Jambi City.

Literature Review: The Effectiveness of Kinesiotaping and Hydrotherapy in Improving The Quality of Life of The Elderly With Osteoarthritis

The number of elderly people in Indonesia continues to increase every year. The high rate of increase in the elderly is a concern for all people, because the elderly tend to be vulnerable to various kinds of diseases. Osteoarthritis is the most common disease in the world with a prevalence of 15.5% in men and 12.7% in women in Central Java. Handling that can be given to the elderly with osteoarthritis is by providing kinesio taping and hydrotherapy exercises. Purpose: The purpose of this literature review is to review the effectiveness of giving kinesio taping and hydrotherapy exercises to improve the quality of life of the elderly with osteoarthritis according to evidence based. Methods: This research is a literature study that summarizes several relevant literatures with the same theme. Literature search using 2 databases, namely Pubmed and Google Shcolar. The keywords used in the literature search included: “Kinesio taping”, “hydrotherapy”, “osteoarthritis” and “quality of life”. Results: Based on the results of a literature review, it was found that the addition of kinesiotaping and hydrotherapy exercises can affect the quality of life of the elderly with osteoarthritis. Conclusion: The conclusion from this literature review shows that the addition of kinesio taping to conventional exercise and the provision of hydrotherapy exercises can both improve the quality of life of the elderly with osteoarthritis which can be measured with a quality of life measuring instrument in the form of WOMAC.

Peningkatan Pengetahuan tentang Jenis Penyakit di Usia Lansia pada Kelompok Lansia

The success of national development, especially national development in the health sector, can be seen from the increasing life expectancy of the Indonesian people. Eleven percent of the world's 6.9 billion population are elderly. Indonesia experienced an increase in the number of elderly people from 18 million (7.56%) in 2010, to 25.9 million (9.7%) in 2019, and is expected to continue to increase where in 2035 to 48.2 million people (15.77%). The elderly are identical with various decreases in health status, especially physical health status. In general, it is quite difficult to recognize health problems early on, especially diseases that usually arise in old age. Health problems can be prevented with a healthy lifestyle, so it is necessary to increase knowledge about diseases that commonly occur in old age. The method used in this community service activity is through a lecture to the Elderly Aisyiyah group in Pekalongan City. The results of this activity increased knowledge of the elderly by 36.3% for the causes of rheumatic disease, 27.3% for rheumatic symptoms and 30.3% in the diet of rheumatic diseases; 27.3% for the causes and diet of gout, and 36.3% for the symptoms of gout; 33.3% for causes of hypertension, 36.3% for symptoms and 27.3% for hypertension disease diet; as much as 27% about the cause of Diabetes Mellitus (DM), 27.3% symptoms and 30.3% for diets with diabetes mellitus.

Effects of Dietary Food Components on Cognitive Functions in Older Adults.

Population aging has recently been an important issue as the number of elderly people is growing worldwide every year, and the extension of social security costs is financially costly. The increase in the number of elderly people with cognitive decline is a serious problem related to the aging of populations. Therefore, it is necessary to consider not only physical care but also cognitive patterns in the future care of older adults. Since food contains a variety of bioactive substances, dietary patterns may help improve age-related cognitive decline. However, the relationship between cognitive function and individual food components remains ambiguous as no clear efficacy or mechanism has been confirmed. Against this background, this review summarizes previous reports on the biological process of cognitive decline in the elderly and the relationship between individual compounds in foods and cognitive function, as well as the role of individual components of food in cognitive function, in the following order: lipids, carotenoids, vitamins, phenolic compounds, amino acids, peptides, and proteins. Based on the research presented in this review, a proper diet that preserves cognitive function has the potential to improve age-related cognitive decline, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. Hopefully, this review will help to trigger the development of new foods and technologies that improve aging and cognitive functions and extend the healthy life span.

Nutritional Content and Characteristics of Pumpkin Cream Soup with Tempeh Addition as Supplementary Food for Elderly.

An increase in the number of elderly people indicates a higher life expectancy. However, this is also a new challenge since the elderly tends to have age-related diseases, thus the physical, psychological, and sensory disorders that will affect their nutritional status. The development of geriatric foods such as cream soup made from pumpkin and tempeh is considered to be the solution to prevent this situation. This study used a factorial randomized design, containing processing methods (fresh and instant) and the addition of tempeh (0%, 75%, and 100%). Sensory evaluation (rating and ranking test), physical characteristics (pH, yield, rehydration, and viscosity), nutritional analysis (proximate, crude fibre, dietary fibre, vitamins B6 and B12, and β-carotene content), and acceptance analysis of cream soup fresh and instant were examined. Physical characterization revealed that the product had a pH of 5.4–5.7, a viscosity of 1250–2190 cP, a rehydration ratio of 5.51–6.47 g mL−1, and a yield of 19.44%–26.9%. The result of sensory evaluation showed that the processing method and tempeh addition had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on the product acceptance. This also affects the nutritional value, in which fresh products had higher nutritional value than the instant product, and products with tempeh had higher ash, protein, dietary fibre, and vitamin B12 than products without tempeh. Based on this analysis, the instant cream soup with 75% tempeh is the best formula. In one portion size (50 g), instant cream soup with 75% tempeh met 10% or more of the Indonesian recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for the elderly in terms of protein, carbohydrates, fat, energy, dietary fibre, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, and vitamin A, so it can be recommended as a complementary food for the elderly.

Development of an Anomaly Alert System Triggered by Unusual Behaviors at Home

In many countries, the number of elderly people has grown due to the increase in the life expectancy of the population, many of whom currently live alone and are prone to having accidents that they cannot report, especially if they are immobilized. For this reason, we have developed a non-intrusive IoT device, which, through multiple integrated sensors, collects information on habitual user behavior patterns and uses it to generate unusual behavior rules. These rules are used by our SecurHome system to send alert messages to the dependent person’s family members or caregivers if their behavior changes abruptly over the course of their daily life. This document describes in detail the design and development of the SecurHome system.

Epidemiology of oral candidiasis: a household-based population survey in a medium-sized city in Amazonas

There was an increase in the number of elderly people in Brazil and, along with this fact, there was an increase in the incidence of oral candidiasis in this population, so the early identification of the disease and the etiologic agent for effective intervention is essential. The study aimed to describe the prevalence of oral candidiasis and its clinical manifestations, identifying Candida yeast species and their prevalence in the palatine mucosa and dentures in the palatine mucosa and dentures, comparing these factors in rural and urban elderly people in this city. The study was conducted in the city of Tefé, Amazonas, with elderly people aged 65 to 74 years old registered in primary health care services in urban and rural areas, where through sample calculation we had a total sample of 484 elderly people after losses and refusals. These elderly people were randomly selected from within the entire public service network, which enabled the samples to be collected in all municipal Basic Health Units. Data collection included clinical oral examinations (use, duration, and need for dental prosthesis) and collection of biological material with swabs, which were stored in CHROMAgar™ Candida medium, during home visits to determine the prevalence of the species through staining and colony morphology. Statistical analysis was performed with Stata MP software, using relative and absolute frequencies. The prevalence of oral candidiasis was found in 20.7% of the elderly in the different areas of residence studied. A greater number of cases and clinical manifestations of the disease were found in elderly people living in urban areas (p &lt; 0.05). The odds ratios for developing the disease were higher in women, edentulous elderly, and users of dental prostheses. Candida albicans species were prevalent in infection and colonization of prostheses, while oral colonization showed similar percentages among Candida non-albicans (p = 0.657). As for the prevalence of species about the studied area of ​​residence, Candida albicans prevailed in the urban area and Candida non-albicans in the rural area (p &lt;0.05). In conclusion, this study identified a high prevalence of oral candidiasis in elderly participants in the research, who were mainly infected with Candida albicans species, but when comparing the living areas of the elderly, those living in the urban area had more prevalent colonization in the area. urban and Candida non-albicans in the rural area, therefore, species differentiation was found regarding the place where the elderly person lives.

Гендерные особенности физического состояния преподавателей медицинского вуза предпенсионного и пенсионного возраста

In the past few years, the number of elderly people has been growing in Russia. Every fifth retired person does not resign and continues to work. The situation with employees that have already reached the retirement age is distinctly special in the country's higher education establishments. Therefore, the task of studying the peculiarities of health of higher school professors that have already passed the retirement age threshold or are approaching it is an urgent one, the purpose of such a study being prolongation of the "healthy old age". It is necessary to factor in gender specifics, since, according to the statistics, men run greater risks of developing chronic non-communicable diseases than women. The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender-related peculiarities of the physical condition and the rate of aging of medical university professors of pre-retirement and retirement age with the aim to develop measures enabling such employees to maintain a high level of working efficiency. The study involved 169 teachers aged 55-70. A set of anthropometric measurements was taken. The participants had their blood pressure measured, level of physical condition and their adaptive potential assessed. The rate of aging and biological age were calculated for all the participants with the help of A.G. Gorelkin and B.B. Pinkhasov's formulas. The study revealed significant differences in most morpho-functional status indicators signaling of the greater cardiovascular system disease risks run by male teachers compared with their female peers. However, female participants presented significantly more cases of obesity, which explains the revealed differences in the rate of aging that was higher among women.

Brain tumor surgery in the elderly: a single institution experience of short-term outcome\u2014a retrospective case study

BackgroundThere is an evolving concern in the management of brain tumors in the elderly. The number of elderly people (aged 65 years or more) increases progressively, and there is a considerable percent of brain tumors affecting this age group. Elderly people may have one or more chronic illnesses that may render cranial surgery of high risk for mortality and morbidity. This study was carried out to evaluate the short-term (30 days) outcome of brain tumor surgery in elderly patients.ResultsThis is a single-institution retrospective study of elderly patients harboring brain tumors who were managed by surgery. The study included 31 patients between 2014 and 2019. Elective and emergency cases were included. The mean age for the study population was 68.29 years. The mean functional status using the Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) changed from 58.06 before surgery to 70 after surgery. Meningioma grade I and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) were the most common neoplasms, 41.9 and 29%, respectively. There was a statistically significant relationship between the mortality and GBM (P value < 0.05) while there was no correlation with concomitant diseases, KPS, or extent of resection (P value > 0.05). Preoperative concomitant diseases were found in 16 patients. Mortality occurred in 11 cases (35.4%).ConclusionsOld age by itself should not be a risk factor alone for increasing mortality or morbidity in cranial surgery for patients with brain tumors. Glioblastoma in old patients with poor KPS carries a significant risk for mortality. Further studies with a larger number of patients and inclusion of more variables are required.