Number Of Effective Tillers Hill-1 Research Articles

Effect of plant nutrient and weed management in direct wet seeded boro rice

The experiment was conducted at the Farm of Farm Management Division, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during December 2012 to June 2013 to find out the effect of plant nutrient and weed management in direct wet seeded Boro rice. The experiment consisted of six nutrient management viz. Control (No manure- PM and N-P-K-S-Zn), PM at 5 t ha-1, recommended dose of prilled urea (PU) and other inorganic fertilizers (i. e. 120, 60, 40, 10 and 5 kg of N, P2O5, K2O, S and ZnSO4, respectively), full dose of Urea Super Granules (USG) and other inorganic fertilizers (i. e. 60, 40, 10 and 5 kg of P2O5, K2O, S and ZnSO4, respectively) 2.7 g USG + PM at 5 t ha-1, 2.7 g USG + PM at 2.5 t ha-1; and three weeding regimes, viz. Unweeded control, hand weeding thrice at 20, 35 and 50 days after sowing (DAS); and Panida (Pandimethalin) @ 2.5 l ha-1 and hand weeding once at 20 DAS. The highest plant height (90.29 cm) was obtained in full dose of USG and other inorganic fertilizers (i. e. 60, 40, 10 and 5 kg of P2O5, K2O, S and ZnSO4 respectively) and the lowest one (82.42 cm) was from control (No manure- PM and N-P-K-S-Zn). The highest number of effective tillers hill-1 (14.00) was obtained in recommended dose of PU and other inorganic fertilizers (i. e. 120, 60, 40, 10 and 5 kg of N2, P2O5, K2O, S and ZnSO4 respectively) whereas the lowest effective tillers hill-1 9.15 was obtained from control (No manure- PM and N-P-K-S-Zn). The highest number of grains panicle-1 (75.23) was observed in nutrient 2.7 g USG + PM at 5 t ha-1 and the lowest one (59.01) was obtained from PM at 5 t ha-1.The highest plant height (90.57 cm) was obtained in Panida (Pandimethalin) @ 2.5 l ha-1 and hand weeding once at 20 DAS and lowest plant height (83.98 cm) was obtained in un weeded control. The maximum grain yield (3.71 t ha-1) was obtained from the application of 2.7 g USG + PM at 2.5 t ha-1 and the lowest (1.15 t ha-1) was from control (No manure- PM and N-P-K-S-Zn). The highest grain yield (3.8 t ha-1) was obtained in Panida (Pandimethalin) @ 2.5 l ha-1 and hand weeding once at 20 DAS and the lowest one (1.26 t ha-1) was obtained from unweded control. In case of interaction, the highest number of effective tillers hill-1 (17.00) was obtained in recommended dose of PU and other inorganic fertilizers (i.e. 120, 60, 40, 10 and 5 kg of N, P2O5, K2O, S and ZnSO4 respectively) with hand weeding thrice at 20, 35 and 50 DAS and the lowest one (7.27) was observed in control (No manure- PM and N-P-K-S-Zn) with no weeding. The highest grain yield (5.29 t ha-1) was obtained in 2.7 g USG + PM at 2.5 t ha-1 with Panida (Pandimethalin) @ 2.5 l ha-1 and hand weeding once at 20 DAS which was statistically identical with 2.7 g USG + PM at 5 t ha-1 and Panida (Pandimethalin) @ 2.5 l ha-1 and hand weeding once at 20 DAS and the lowest grain yield (0.65 t ha-1) was obtained in the interaction of unweeded and unfertilized control (No manure- PM and N-P-K-S-Zn). Boro rice (cv. BRRI dhan28) can be cultivated with 2.7 g USG applied at the centre of the four hills in each alternate row + PM at 2.5 t ha-1 with Panida (Pandimethalin) @ 2.5 l ha-1 and hand weeding once at 20 DAS for appreciable grain yield.Progressive Agriculture 27 (4): 466-472, 2016

Effect of Plant Spacing and Fertilizer Management on the Yield Performance of BRRI dhan39 under Old Brahmaputra Floodplain Soil

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh from June to December 2015 to investigate the effect of spacing and fertilizer management on the yield of transplanted Aman rice cv. BRRI dhan39. The experiment comprised of five spacings viz. 25 × 5 cm, 25 × 10 cm, 25 × 15 cm, 25 × 20 cm, 25 × 25 cm and four fertilizer schedules viz. no manure and no fertilizer (control), recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer (80-60-40 kg N, P2 O5 , K2 O ha-1, respectively + 60 kg ha-1 gypsum + 10 kg ha-1 ZnSO4 ), 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + cow dung at 5 t ha-1, 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + poultry manure @ 2.5 t ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Plant height (104.60 cm), number of total tillers hill-1 (11.03), panicle length (22.25 cm), grains panicle-1 (109.00) and grain yield (4.42 t ha-1) were found to be the highest in 25 × 15 cm spacing. Regarding nutrient management, 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + cow dung at 5 t ha-1 superseded other treatments in terms of plant height (107.50 cm), number of total tillers hill-1 (10.40), number of effective tillers hill-1 (7.68), panicle length (22.26 cm), grains panicle-1 (111.70) and grain yield (4.14 t ha-1). The control treatment (no manures and no fertilizers) gave the lowest values for all these parameters. The highest grain yield (4.57 t ha-1) was found in 25 × 15 cm spacing combined with 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + cow dung at 5 t ha-1 and the lowest grain yield (2.50 t ha-1) was found in 25 × 5 cm spacing combined with control (no manures and fertilizers). Therefore, 25 × 15 cm spacing combined with 75% recommended dose of inorganic fertilizers + cow dung at 5 t ha-1 appeared as the promising practice in transplant Aman rice cv. BRRI dhan39 cultivation.

Effect of weed management practices on the performance of transplanted aman rice varieties

A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of weed management practices on the performance of transplanted aman rice varieties. The experimental treatments comprised three varieties viz. BR11, BRRI dhan39 and Binadhan7 and seven weeding treatments viz., weedy check, hand weeding at 15 and 35 DATs, application of early post-emergence herbicide Manage (Pyrazosulfuron ethyl), application of pre-emergence herbicide Rifit (Pretilachlor), Manage + one hand weeding at 35 DAT, application of Rifit + one hand weeding at 35 DAT and weed free. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results reveal that varieties should significant variation on plant height, number of total tillers hill-1, number of effective tillers hill-1, number of non-effective tillers hill-1, panicle length, number of grains panicle-1, number of sterile spikelets penicle-1, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, straw yield and harvest index. Grain yield was the highest in BRRI dhan39. Weeding regime had also significant effect on all the studied crop parameters except 1000-grain weight. The highest grain yield was obtained from weed free condition followed by hand weeding at 15 and 35 DATs. Interaction between variety and weeding regime had significant influence on all the studied crop parameters except 1000-grain weight. The highest grain yield was obtained from the interaction of BRRI dhan39 × weed free condition which was statistically identical (5.50 t ha-1) with interaction of variety BR11 × two hand weedings at 15 and 35 DATs. Therefore it may be concluded that BR11 rice could be cultivated using two hand weedings at 15 and 35 DATs for obtaining higher yield.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(1): 17-22, June 2016

Yield Performance of Fine Aromatic Rice in Response to Variety and Level of Nitrogen

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during June to December 2014 with a view to finding out the effect of variety and level of nitrogen on the yield performance of fine aromatic rice. The experiment consisted of three varieties viz. Kalizira, Binadhan-13 and BRRI dhan34, and six levels of nitrogen viz. 0, 30, 60, 90 kg N ha-1, USG 1.8 g 4 hills-1 (55 kg N ha-1) and USG 2.7 g 4 hills-1 (80 kg N ha-1). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Variety, level of nitrogen and their interaction significantly influenced the yield of aromatic rice. The highest grain yield (3.33 t ha-1) was obtained from Binadhan-13 followed by BRRI dhan34 (3.16 t ha-1) and the lowest grain yield was found in Kalizira (2.11 t ha-1). In case of N, the tallest plant (140.3 cm), highest number of effective tillers hill-1 (11.40), grains panicle-1 (152.8), and grain yield (3.32 t ha-1) were obtained when fertilized with USG 1.8 g 4 hills-1 and the lowest values were found in 0 kg N ha-1. Therefore, Binadhan-13 fertilized with USG 1.8 g 4 hills-1 (55 kg N ha-1) appeared as the promising practice for appreciable grain yield.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(1): 41-45 2016

Effects of different levels of urea and magic growth spray solution on the yield and yield attributes of BRRI dhan29

Magic growth solution along with prilled urea in the rice leaf as foliar spray may save urea compared to soil application of urea alone. In this regard, an experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University during Boro Season (December-April, 2015) to evaluate the effects of urea and magic growth spray solution on the yield and yield attributes of BRRI dhan29. The experiment consisted of ten treatments viz.,T1 = Control, T2 = 99 kg urea ha-1, T3 = 63 kg urea ha-1 + 2.16L ha-1 magic growth spray solution, T4 = 99 kg urea ha-1 + 5.66L ha-1 magic growth spray solution, T5 = 117 kg urea ha-1 + 1.44L ha-1 magic growth spray solution, T6 = 117 kg urea ha-1 + 5.66L ha-1 magic growth spray solution, T7 = 126kg urea ha-1 + 5.66L ha-1 magic growth spray solution,T8 = 132 kg urea ha-1, T9 = 132 kg urea ha-1 + 5.66L ha-1 magic growth spray solution, T10= 132 kg urea ha-1+ 2.16L ha-1 magic growth spray solution and laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results revealed that urea and magic growth spray solution exerted significant influence on the yield contributing characters and yield of BRRI dhan29 except panicle length, sterile spikelets and 1000-grain weight. The highest grain and straw yields (6.16 and 9.33 t ha-1, respectively) were obtained from T7 treatment which could be the resultant effect of highest number of effective tillers hill-1, highest number of grains panicle-1 and lowest number of sterile spikelets panicle-1. Grain yield was significantly and positively correlated with plant height, effective tillers hiil-1, panicle length and grains per panicle. Economic analysis showed that net return and benefit cost ratio (BCR) was the highest (1.41) in T7 treatment. Thus the overall results suggest that farmers may be advised to apply 126 kg urea along with 5.66L magic growth solution per hectare to produce economically highest grain yield of BRRI dhan29, under the agro-climatic condition of Bangladesh Agricultural University.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.3(2): 271-278, August 2016

Integrated use of poultry manure with prilled urea and urea super granules for improving yield and protein content of aromatic rice (cv. BRRI dhan50)

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from December 2013 to May 2014 to evaluate the integrated use of poultry manure with prilled urea and USG for improving the growth, yield and protein content of aromatic Boro rice (cv. BRRI dhan50). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The experiment comprised 14 treatments viz. control (no manure and no fertilizer), recommended dose of prilled urea (115 kg N ha-1), urea super granules (USG) 1.8 g (55 kg N ha-1), USG 2.7 g (80 kg N ha-1), poultry manure (PM) 2.5 t ha-1, PM 5 t ha-1, recommended dose of prilled urea + PM 2.5t ha-1, recommended dose of prilled urea + PM 5 t ha-1, 50% of recommended dose of prilled urea + PM 2.5 t ha-1, 50% of recommended dose of prilled urea + PM 5 t ha-1, USG 1.8 g + PM 2.5 t ha-1, USG 1.8 g + PM 5 t ha-1, USG 2.7 g + PM 2.5 t ha-1and USG 2.7 g + PM 5 t ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Morphological characteristics, yield contributing characters and yield of aromatic Boro rice (cv. BRRI dhan50) were significantly influenced by integrated use of poultry manure with prilled urea and USG. USG 2.7 g + PM 5 t ha-1 gave the highest plant height, number of tillers hill-1 and total dry matter production at all sampling dates while their corresponding lowest values were recorded in control. The highest yield contributing characters viz. number of effective tillers hill-1 (13.08), grains panicle-1 (124.26g) and 1000-grain weight (21.41g) were recorded in USG 2.7 g + PM 5 t ha-1 and the lowest values were recorded in control. The highest grain yield (5.33 t ha-1) and protein content (7.49%) were obtained at USG 2.7 g + PM 5 t ha-1 which was as good as recommended dose of prilled urea (115 kg N ha-1) + PM 5 t ha-1, USG 2.7 g + PM 2.5 t ha-1, USG 1.8 g + PM 5 t ha-1, recommended dose of prilled urea (115 kg N ha-1) + PM 2.5 t ha-1 while the lowest one (2.00 t ha-1) was obtained in control plots. The integrated use of poultry manure (5 t ha-1) with USG 1.8 g (55 kg N ha-1) appeared as the promising practice because of reducing considerable amount of prilled urea or USG in aromatic Boro rice (cv. BRRI dhan50) cultivation in terms of grain yield and grain protein content.Progressive Agriculture 27 (2): 86-93, 2016

Yield performance of Boro rice in response to urea super granular (USG)

The experiment was conducted during December 2012 to June 2013 in the farmer’s field adjacent to Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), a village named Boira under Sadar Upazilla of Mymensingh to study the yield performance of Boro rice in response to USG. The experiment comprised two rice varieties viz. Binadhan-5 and BRRI dhan29 and seven levels of USG viz.i) prilled urea (PU) 280 kg ha-1(control),ii)USG 1.8g/4 hills in every alternate row applied at 5 cm depth, iii) USG 1.8g/4 hills in every alternate row applied at 10 cm depth, iv) USG 2.7g/4 hills in every alternate row applied at 5 cm depth, v)USG 2.7g/4 hills in every alternate row applied at 10 cm depth, vi) USG 3.6g/4 hills in every alternate row applied at 5 cm depth and vii)USG 3.6g/4 hills in every alternate row applied at 10 cm depth. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Variety, level of USG and their interaction exerted significant influence on yield contributing characters and yield of Boro rice. BRRI dhan29 produced higher number of effective tillers hill-1 and heaviest grain than that of Binadhan-5. As a result of superior yield parameters, BRRI dhan29 gave higher yield (7.67 t ha-1) than Binadhan-5 (6.52 t ha-1). In case of USG, the highest number of total tillers hill-1, grains panicle-1, 1000-grain weight and grain yield (7.59 t ha-1) were obtained from USG @ 3.6g/4 hills in every alternate row applied at 5cm depth. The lowest values of all the parameters were obtained from PU. Considering their interaction effect, BRRI dhan29 with USG 3.6g/4 hills in every alternate row applied at 5cm depth produced best yield attributes, grain (8.38 t ha-1) and straw yield (9.26 t ha-1). The lowest performance was observed in Binadhan-5 with PU. The overall results suggest that farmers can be advised to cultivate BRRI dhan29 fertilized with USG 3.6g/4 hills in every alternate row at 5 cm depth for getting highest yield in Boro season under the agro-climate condition of the study area.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(1): 13-17, June 2015

Yield performance of some transplant aman rice varieties as influenced by different levels of nitrogen

The experiment was carried out during the period of June to November 2013 at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh with a view to examine the yield performance of some transplant aman rice varieties as influenced by different levels of nitrogen. The experiment consisted of four varieties viz. BRRI dhan49, BRRI dhan52, BRRI dhan56, BRRI dhan57 and four levels of N viz. 0, 46, 60 and 75 kg ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Variety, levels of N and their interactions exerted significant influence on yield contributing characters and yield of transplant aman rice. Among the varieties, BRRI dhan52 produced the tallest plant (117.20 cm), highest number of effective tillers hill-1 (11.28), grains panicle-1 (121.5) and 1000-grain weight (23.65 g) whereas the lowest values of these parameters were produced by BRRI dhan57. Highest grain yield (5.69 t ha-1) was obtained from BRRI dhan52 followed by BRRI dhan49 (5.15 t ha-1) and the lowest one (4.25 t ha-1) was obtained from BRRI dhan57. In case of N, the tallest plant (111.70 cm), highest number of total tillers hill-1 (12.34), grains panicle-1 (133.6), 1000-grain weight (24.55 g) and grain yield (5.64 t ha-1) were obtained from 75 kg N ha-1 and the lowest values were obtained from control. BRRI dhan52 fertilized with 75 kg N ha-1 showed best performance with respect to all the parameters studied. The overall results suggest that BRRI dhan52 should be fertilized with 75 kg N ha-1 for getting higher yield under the agro-climatic condition of BAU.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 12(2): 321-324, December 2014

Diversities of soil weed seed bank and rice yield performance in response to tillage method and weeding regime

Rice field was infested with eight weed species. Among the species found in conventionally tilled plots, the five dominant species ranked in order of importance value were Cynodon dactylon (L.), Paspalum distichum (L.), Cyperus rotundus (L.), Azolla pinnata (L.) and Cyanotis axillaris (L.) while in stale seedbed the rank was Paspalum distichum (L.), Cynodon dactylon (L.), Cyanotis axillaris (L.), Leersia hexandra (L.) and Cyperus rotundus (L.). There were 15 weed species found in the soil weed seed bank studied at the net house. Among them five species were common of rice field. Ten new species were found in the seed bank. Azolla pinnata (L.), Cyperus difformis (L.) and Paspalum commersonii (L.) of field rice were not found in net house seed bank. In the field, Cynodon dactylon (L.) was the dominant over Paspalum distichum (L.) but at the net house Paspalum distichum (L.) was dominant over Cynodon dactylon (L.). In seed bank under conventional tillage, 11 species were found consisting of 3559 heads count and in stale seedbed 12 species consisting 3826 heads were counted. Among the identified species, nine were common in both tillage practice. Parapholis strigose (Dumort.) and Phyllanthus niruri (L.) were present in the soil of conventional tillage but not in stale bed while Echinochloa colonum (L.), Fimbristylis miliaceae (L.) and Eragrotis gangetica (Roxb.) were found in stale bed but not in conventional tillage. At the rice field grass weeds were dominant over sedges and broad leaf under the both types of tillage. At the seed bank of net house, grass weeds were dominant over sedges and broadleaf under conventional tillage while under stale seedbed, sedges were dominant over broad leaf and grass. Around 7% higher grain was recorded from stale seedbed compared to conventional tillage which attributed from higher number of effective tillers hill-1, higher number of fertile grains panicle-1, and lower number of sterile grains panicle-1. Weed free condition yield the highest grains followed by the combination of pre and post-emergence herbicides and unweeded control yielded the lowest. Stale seedbed kept weed free yielded the highest followed by stale seedbed sprayed the two herbicides. Conventional tillage remained unweeded yielded the lowest grain.Progressive Agriculture 27 (1): 39-47, 2016

Performance of separated tillers of transplant Aman rice at different levels of urea super granules

An experiment was conducted at the research field of Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during June to December 2012 to investigate the effect of age of tiller seedlings, number of tiller seedlings hill-1 and application of urea super granules (USG) on the yield and yield contributing characters of transplant Aman rice (cv. BRRI dhan52). The experiment consisted of two ages of tiller seedlings viz. 25 and 35-days old, three levels of tiller seedlings hill-1 viz. 1, 3 and 5 seedlings hill-1 and three levels of USG viz. 0, 1.8 (55 kg N ha-1) and 2.7g USG (80 kg N ha-1) four hill-1 in every alternate row. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (Factorial) with three replications. The highest plant height, number of effective tillers hill-1, number of total tillers hill-1, number of total spikelets panicle-1, number of grains panicle-1, grain yield and harvest index were found in 1.8 g USG applied @ one granule 4-hill-1. The highest number of sterile spikelets panicle-1 was found in control treatment and the lowest in 1.8 g USG. The highest number of effective tillers hill-1, number of total spikelets panicle-1 and grain yield ha-1 was found when 5 tiller seedlings were transplanted hill-1 combined with 1.8 g USG. Application of urea super granules 1.8 g (55 kg N ha-1) at 10 days after transplanting @ one granule 4-hill-1 in every alternate row with 25 day old tiller seedlings using 5 tiller seedlings hill-1 was found beneficial for grain yield of transplant Aman rice. Tiller separation could be an alternative source of seedling during seedling scarcity.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(4): 581-590, December 2015

Effect of Number of Seedlings Hill-1 and Rate and Time of Nitrogen Application on the Yield of Late Transplant Aman Rice (cv. Br23)

A field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to examine the effect of number of seedlings hill‑1 and rate and time of nitrogen application on the yield of late transplant Aman rice (cv. BR23). The experiment comprised three levels of number of seedlings hill-1 viz. 2, 4, and 6, three nitrogen rates viz. 0, 60 and 120 kg N ha-1 and three levels of time of nitrogen application viz. nitrogen application in two equal splits at 15 DAT and early tillering stage (ET); nitrogen application in three equal splits at 15 DAT, ET and panicle initiation (PI) stage; nitrogen application in four equal splits at 15 DAT, ET, PI and flowering (F) stages. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Number of effective tillers hill‑1, grain yield and straw yield were the highest when 6 seedlings were transplanted hill‑1 while all yield contributing characters, grain and straw yields were the highest at 120 kg N ha-1. In case of interaction, the highest grain yield was recorded in combination of 6 seedlings hill-1 × 120 kg N ha-1 and 120 kg N ha-1 × three times of nitrogen applications (15 DAT + ET + PI). The highest number of effective tillers hill-1 and grain yield were recorded in 6 seedlings hill-1 × 120 kg N ha-1 × three times N application (15 DAT + ET + PI) and thus this practice appears as the promising one for late transplant Aman rice ( cv. BR23) cultivation.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(4): 692-698

Yield of Boro rice under system of rice intensification with different water regimes and manural status

A field experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Field, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka from December, 2011 to May, 2012 to study the yield of Boro rice under system of rice intensification (SRI) with different water regimes and manural status. The experiment consisted of two factors as three water regime viz., waterlogged condition (W1), saturated condition (W2) and alternate wet and dry condition (W3) in the main plots, and six manure and fertilizer combinations viz., cowdung 100% (F1), compost 100% (F2), chemical fertilizer 100% (F3), 50% chemical fertilizer + 25% compost + 25% cowdung (F4), 50% chemical fertilizer + 50% cowdung (F5) and 50% chemical fertilizer + 50% compost (F6) in the sub-plots. Water regime had significant effect on yield and yield components except number of effective tillers m-2, filled grains panicle-1, weight of 1000-grain and harvest index. The highest grain yield (5.74 t ha-1) was obtained from the waterlogged condition that was statistically similar with saturated condition (5.69), whereas alternate wet and dry (AWD) gave the lowest grain yield (4.36 t ha-1). Manural status also significantly influenced yield attributes except 1000-grains weight. The combination of chemical fertilizer, cowdung and compost showed the best performance compared to other manural status. The highest grain yield (5.81 t ha-1) was obtained from chemical fertilizer 50% + cowdung 25% + compost 25% and the lowest grain yield (4.71 t ha-1) was obtained from compost 100%. The highest number of effective tillers hill-1 (33.71) was obtained from compost 100%. Chemical fertilizer 50% + cowdung 25% + compost 25% showed the highest harvest index (46.78%). In case of interaction effect of water regime and manural status the highest grain yield was observed in chemical fertilizer 50% + cowdung 25% + compost 25% of saturated condition (6.80 t ha-1).Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(2): 1-8

Amelioration of salinity stress on transplant Aman rice through green manure and gypsum

An experiment was conducted at the net house of Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from July to December 2012to investigate the ameliorative effect of green manure and gypsum application on the yield of transplant Aman rice variety BRRI dhan40 under various levels salinity stress. Sodium chloride induced salinity was imposed at tillering stage of plant development. The levels of salinity were 0, 25 and 50 mM NaCl. Green manure @ 0, 5 and 10 t ha gypsum @ 0 and 1 g kg-1 and 1 soil were applied to ameliorate the salinity stress effect. 1 g kg-1 soil were applied to ameliorate the salinity stress effect. Results revealed that the different levels of salinity had significant adverse effect on plant height, number of tillers hill-1, number of effective tillers hill-1, number of ineffective tillers hill-1, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, biological yield and harvest index (HI). All the plants were affected badly when they were exposed to salinity level of 50 mM NaCl. Application of green manure and gypsum helped them ameiorate salinity either individually or in combination at all salinity levels. Grain yield reduction at 50 mM salinity level was 38.64% compared to control which was minimized to 19.04% by the application of green manure @ 10 t ha-1. Grain yield reduction was also minimized from 37.08% to 27% at the same level of salinity by the application of gypsum@ 1 g kg-1soil. Similar amelioration effect was also observed in case of straw yield. The amelioration was improved further when both green manure and gypsum were applied. Without any salinity stress grain yield was 4.49 t ha-1, which was reduced to 2.61 t ha-1 (41.87% reduction) when the crop was stressed with 50 mM salinity. Application of green manure @ 10 t ha-1 and gypsum @ 1 g kg-1 soil improved grain yield to 4.00 t ha-1, where yield reduction was just 10.91%. Similar improvement was also found in straw yield. The results of the study conclude that salinity stress in transplant Aman rice var. BRRI dhan40 could successfully be ameliorated through application of green manure@ 10 t ha-1 and gypsum@ 1 g kg-1 soil.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(1): 1-10

Salinity Effect on Dry Mass Partitioning in Different Plant Parts and Ion Uptake in Leaves of Rice Mutants

The Four levels of sodium chloride induced salinity levels, 0, 6, 9 and 12 dSm-1 were imposed at 25 days after planting of six rice mutants. Results indicated that morphological parameters such as plant height and leaf area, dry mass production in different plant parts such as root, stem, leaf and grain yield hill-1, physiological characters such as biological yield and harvest index, yield attributes such as number of effective tillers hill-1, number of grains panicle-1 and 1000-grain weight, mineral ions in leaves such as potassium and calcium were decreased with gradual increasing of salinity levels while number of non-effective tillers hill-1 and Na content of leaves were increased with increasing soil salinity. The highest value of the above parameters was observed in control and the lowest values of them were observed at 12 dSm-1. Generally genotypes having ability to exclude Na from leaves were found salt tolerant in respect of dry mass production in different plant parts and vice versa. Among the genotypes, the dry matter production and yield loss due to salinity was less in RM250-170 and RM250-2080 than that in the others, which further revealed that RM250-170 and RM250-2080 had a greater tolerance to salinity than RM350-130, RM300- 280, RM250-1080 and IRATOM. The rank of salinity tolerance was: RM250-2080 > RM250-170 > RM250-1080 > IRATOM > RM300-280 > RM350-130.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i1.22073 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(1): 239-245 2013

Effect of herbicide Prechlor on the performance of T. aman rice

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh during the period from July to December 2012 to find out the effect of herbicide Prechlor 500 EC on weed control and performance of transplant aman rice. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The experiment consisted of two varieties viz., BRRI dhan41 and Nizershail, and four levels of Prechlor @ 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 L ha-1. Monochoria vaginalis, Nymphaea nouchali, Paspalum scrobiculatum, Echinochloa crusgalli and Scirpus juncodies were the major weeds in the experimental plots. Prechlor 500EC @ 1.5 L ha-1 showed the best performance in reducing weed density, weed dry weight and increased weed control efficiency but reduce grain yield. Variety had significant influence on all the yield and yield contributing characters of rice. Higher grain yield (3.09 t ha-1) was obtained from BRRI dhan41. Different levels of Prechlor also had significant effect on yield and yield contributing characters such as number of total tillers hill-1, number of effective tillers hill-1, panicle length, spikelets panicle-1, grains panicle-1, grain yield, straw yield and harvest index. Prechlor @ 1.5 L ha-1 showed best performance with respect to most yield attributes, grain and straw yields and the lowest grain yield was obtained from Prechlor @ 0 L ha-1. The interaction effects of variety and herbicide Prechlor had significant effect on all yield attributes except plant height, effective tillers hill-1, panicle length, 1000-grain weight and harvest index. The highest grain yield (3.62 t ha-1) was obtained from variety BRRI dhan41 with Prechlor @ 1.5 L ha-1. The results suggest that farmers can be advised to use herbicide Prechlor @ 1.5 L ha-1 to boost up the production of BRRI dhan41 controlling weeds during aman season under the agro-climatic condition of the study area. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i2.19923 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(2): 257-264, 2013

Effects of PU, USG and NPK briquette on nitrogen use efficiency and yield of BR22 rice under reduced water condition

An experiment was conducted at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the aman season of 2012 to investigate the effects of prilled urea (PU), urea super granule (USG) and NPK briquette on NH4- N concentration in field water, yield and nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE) of BR22 rice under reduced water conditions. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. There were altogether eight treatment combinations viz. T1: Control (No N fertilizer), T2: 52 kg N ha-1 from USG, T3: 104 kg N ha-1 from USG, T4: 78 kg N ha-1 from PU, T5: 120 kg N ha-1 from PU, T6: 51 kg N ha-1 from NPK briquette, T7: 78 kg N ha-1 from USG and T8: 78 kg N ha-1 from NPK briquette. Water samples were collected from rice field for seven consecutive days after deep placement of USG and the first split application of PU and the samples were analyzed for NH4-N. The Highest concentration of NH4-N in water was observed at the second day of PU application followed by gradual decrease with time. The yield contributing characters like plant height, panicle length, number of effective tillers hill-1 and grains panicle-1 were significantly influenced by different treatments. The highest grain yield of 3.93 t ha-1 was recorded from 104 kg N ha-1 as USG (T3) and the lowest value of 2.12 t ha-1 was obtained from control. The N use efficiency was increased when the N was applied as USG. The overall results revealed that application of USG and NPK briquette may be practised for obtaining better yields in addition to increasing the efficiency of N fertilizer. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i2.19897 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(2): 215-220, 2013

Effect of variety and weeding regime on the yield components and yield of Aus rice

A field experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from April to July 2012 to study the effect of variety and weeding regime on the yield components and yield of Aus rice. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The experimental treatments comprised four varieties viz. BR 26, BRRI dhan27, BRRI dhan48 and Pariza; and five weeding treatments viz. no weeding, one hand weeding at 20 DAS(Days after sowing), two hand weeding at 20 DAS and 30 DAS, three hand weeding at 20, 30 and 40 DAS and weed free. Here broadcasting method of planting was used. Results revealed that varieties had significant effect on plant height, number of total tillers hill-1, number of effective tillers hill-1, number of non-effective tillers hill-1, number of grains panicle-1, number of unfilled spikelets panicle-1, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, straw yield, biological yield and harvest index. Grain yield was the highest in BRRI dhan48. Weeding regime had also significant effect on all the studied crop parameters except 1000-grain weight. The highest grain yield was obtained from weed free condition followed by three, two and one weeding conditions. Interaction between variety and weeding regime significantly influenced all the studied crop parameters except 1000-grain weight and harvest index. In interaction it was observed that the highest grain yield was obtained from BRRI dhan48 under two weeding condition. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i1.18198 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(1): 17-21, 2013

Effect of Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) Irrigation for Boro Rice Cultivation in Bangladesh

A field experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute to find out possible effects of alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWDI) on the yield, water use and water use efficiency (WUE) of Boro rice. The experimental plots were laid out with 2 factors RCBD combining two modern varieties of rice viz., BRRI dhan29 and BRRI hybrid2, which received four irrigation treatments randomly and was replicated thrice. The treatments ranged from continuous submergence (T1) of the field to a number of delayed irrigations (T2, T3 and T4) denoting application of 5cm irrigation water when water level in the perforated PVC pipe fell 15, 20 and 25cm below ground level (G.L.), respectively. The study revealed that treatment T1 attributed by the highest total water use (122.2cm) and the lowest WUE (84.34kg/ha/cm) produced the lowest grain yield (4.71t/ha). Treatment T2, on the contrary, gave the highest yield (5.69 t/ha) and consequently the second highest WUE (85.55 kg/ha/cm) indicating quite a large water saving (15cm) compared to treatment T1. The yields in treatments T3 (5.45 t/ha) and T4 (5.27 t/ha) were significantly lower at 1% level of significance compared to that of treatment T1. Significant effect was found either for the treatment or for the varieties on the number of effective and total tillers hill -1, plant height, number of effective tillers hill-1, grain yield, straw yield, biological yield and harvest index.

Sustainable Water Use Efficiency for Rice Cultivation in Rajshahi of Bangladesh

A field experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Shampur, Rajshahi to find out possible effects of alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWDI) on the yield, water use and water use efficiency (WUE) of rice. The experimental plots were laid out with 2 factors RCBD combining two modern varieties of rice viz. BRRI dhan28 and BRRI hybrid2, which received four irrigation treatments randomly and was replicated thrice. The treatments ranged from continuous submergence (T1) of the field to a number of delayed irrigations (T2, T3 and T4) denoting application of 3, 5 and 7 days of disappearance of standing water respectively. The study revealed that treatment T1 attributed by the highest total water use (49.04 cm) and the lowest WUE (60.62 kg/ha/cm) produced the lowest grain yield (4.59 t/ha). Treatment T2, on the contrary, gave the highest yield (5.57 t/ha) and consequently the higher WUE (85.55 kg/ha/cm) than T1 and indicating quite a large water saving (Application of 3 days of disappearance of Standing Water) compared to treatment T1. The yields in treatments T3 (5.33 t/ha) and T4 (5.15 t/ha) were significantly lower at 1% level of significance compared to that of treatment T1. Significant effect was found either for the treatment or for the varieties on the number of effective and total tillers hill-1 1000 grain weight, plant height, number of effective tillers hill-1, grain yield, straw yield, biological yield and harvest index.

An Effect of Fertilizer Management Practices on the Yield of T. Aman Rice under Tidal Ecosystem

The experiment was carried out at the field laboratory of Department of Agronomy, Patuakhali Science & Technology University, Dumki, during the period from July 2011 to December 2011 to assess the comparative advantages of using Urea Super Granule (USG) and NPK briquette over normal urea, Triple super phosphate and Muriate of Potash and also predict the better performing T. aman rice. The effect of different levels of fertilizer was studied on growth, yield and yield attributing character of T. aman. Six fertilizer Treatments (F0= Control(No urea), F1 = Total urea (150 kg ha-1)during land preparation at available tide free time, F2 = Urea (75 kg ha-1)at 2 split, F3 = Urea (50 kg ha-1)at 3 split, F4 = Urea Super Granule (54 kg N ha-1) at 10 days after transplanting and F5 = NPK briquette ( 42Kg N ha-1 9 Kg P ha-1 12 Kg K ha-1)at 10 days after transplanting of T. aman rice). Besides, TSP, MOP , zinc sulphate and Gypsum were applied @100, 70, 50 and 12 kg ha-1 respectively as basal dose. The experiment was laid out in a Split plot design with 3 replications. The analysis revealed that different fertilizer management practices with a few exceptions significantly influenced the growth, yield and yield attributes of the T. aman rice. Plant height, number of effective tillers hill-1, number of non-effective tillers hill-1, panicle length (cm), number of grains panicle-1, number of sterile spikelet’s panicle-1, nitrogen use efficiency (%), straw yield(t ha-1) and grain yield (t ha-1) were found highest when NPK briquette was applied and all the characters showed lowest value when control. Highest number of effective tillers hill-1 (13.00) and grain yield (6.60 t ha-1) was obtained from NPK briquette and where lowest number of effective tillers hill-1 (5.66) and grain yield (4.48 t ha-1).The NPK briquettes showed higher agronomic efficiency than Prilled urea(PU) and Urea super granule(USG). The small size briquettes (2.4 g) could save 33 kg N ha-1 compared to recommended PU. There was no residual effect of NPK briquettes on soil chemical properties.The NPK briquettes were found beneficial to the farmers in tidal ecosystem.