Number Of Domestic Workers Research Articles

A Study on Work-Life Quality of Female Domestic Workers

Abstract: Domestic workers are regarded as an important source of income for millions of women worldwide. This sector has existed for centuries, as evidenced by the histories of slavery, colonialism, and other forms of servitude. In today's society, the contribution of domestic work is vital for the economy. They have become increasingly in demand around the world in recent decades. Domestic workers are not normally considered workers, and their working conditions remain unregulated. Their employment situation is considered outside the general framework of existing employment laws. This is mainly because most of the work done is generally invisible. Women domestic workers account for a large part of India's unorganized labor force. Though men do this type of work, there is a trend toward the feminization of domestic work. People from lower socioeconomic backgrounds are primarily involved in this work. The increase in the number of domestic workers in India is attributed to an increase in affluent sections' per capita income, increased female labor participation, the disintegration of joint families, and an increase in life expectancy with an increase in ill health levels. Therefore, their daily struggle for survival has yet to capture the attention of the government. Thus, this study is entitled “A Study on Work-Life Quality of Female Domestic Workers.” This helps to understand the major factors responsible for the low economic status of women domestic workers. The study will also highlight the issues and problems of these women domestic workers and various measures that can be taken for the welfare of this sector. Key Words: Quality of Work Life, Women, and Domestic Workers.

Imagens do trabalho doméstico no cinema brasileiro: um inventário de ficções entre 1958-2019

Brazil is the country with the largest number of domestic workers in the world. It’s clear that the positions occupied by a domestic worker in Brazilian society are surrounded by three main factors (gender, race and class) and this intersection creates a place of vulnerability and subalternity.The cinema and movies produced by a country are a place for the images and representations which a society creates of itself. (Aumont 2012). Acknowledging the extreme vulnerability inflicted upon domestic workers, how Brazilian movies portrayed the domestic workers: creating and reinforcing stereotypes or breaking them? This is an important question, because the way a character or a series of characters are portrayed in movies reveals how a society perceives these groups. This work’s methodology is inspired by the works of two researchers, Sonia Roncador (2008) e Mariana Souto (2016). For this communication, the intention is to craft an inventory of domestic workers images and representation in Brazilian movies. The selected body of work is composed of fictional feature-length films, released from 1958 to 2019, in which the domestic workers are the main or very prominent characters. With these variety of movies, it is possible to establish comparisons, frictions and dialogues; there also patterns amongst movies from the same period or production cycles, as chanchadas, pornochanchadas or contemporary movies. The intention is to perceive relations between the movies and also categorize them based on the stereotypes they promote or how they break these stereotypes.

A Comparative Study on the Female Domestic Workers and Their Children in Kamrup Districts of Assam

This paper has been prepared to visualize relationships between the overall condition of the workers in Kamrup Metro and Kamrup rural areas of Assam. It throws light on how the female domestic workers engaged in part time work function differently in both the areas. The increase in the number of domestic workers has led to the growth of the urban middle class, especially the increase in the number of women working outside their homes and availability of cheap domestic labour. Kamrup Districts has witnessed large scale migration over the past few years of women from the interior areas of Assam, while in Kamrup metro, most of the migrants are from areas in lower Assam .The poor women who engage in domestic work are often unable to care for their own families, leaving their own children alone for the whole day. The study was conducted on adults ranging from 27 to 40 yrs of age. There were various reasons for which these female workers engaged in such kind of work, v.i.z, illiteracy, uncertain income of other family members and preference for part time domestic work, higher number of children with low income in the family. The children of such workers are sent to schools in Kamrup metro, while a handful of children were provided with education via various means in Kamrup rural. The wages of the workers in rural areas were not sufficient to send their children to proper schools. In this paper, some implications are provided to assist such workers in helping their children for education. The paper also deals with the educational status and the challenges faced by such workers in the daily affairs.

Domestic Workers in Philippines

Domestic worker has always played a major role in almost every household. Domestic workers are employed for various purposes that include cleaning, laundry, gardening, cooking, child-minding and most other kinds of household work (Schwenken and Heimeshoff, 2011). It has been estimated by the International Labour Organization (ILO) that over 100 million people are employed as domestic workers around the world (ILO, 2008). In spite of the high number of domestic workers around the world there are several problems faced by the people working in this sector and several organizations are trying to formulate guidelines to regulate the working conditions of domestic workers (Lutz, 2008).

Domestic workers’ rights in global development indicators

abstract The United Nations Millennium Summit in 2000, the largest-ever gathering of world leaders, representing 189 member states arrived at an internationally-agreed upon agenda. The agenda was a set of development indicators, which albeit with good intention, did not take into account the working conditions of vulnerable workers within either the formal or informal employment sectors. No specific goal on labour rights was included-a pressing concern, in particular for those who are treated unjustly in the workplace. At an international level, the vulnerability and exploitation of women in informal employment, has received increased attention in the last ten years and more recently within the sector of domestic work. One of the concerns has been that a number of domestic workers work under some of the most unprotected work conditions and suffer some of the worst forms of gender exploitation. Noting the omission of marginalised and vulnerable groups from the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) there is a need for civil society to respond to their understanding of the MDGs so that poverty as it relates to the experience of marginalised working women is not overlooked in national plans to implement the MDGs. This Focus makes an argument for the rights of domestic workers to be integrated into the implementation programmes of MDGs. Domestic workers, comprising mostly women, face a range of workplace abuses as both family unpaid labour in some countries and as cheap labour, particularly in countries like South Africa where domestic employment practices have their roots in colonialism, and migrant labour under apartheid.

The impact of minimum wages for domestic workers in Bloemfontein, South Africa

Orientation: The number of domestic workers in South Africa has decreased in the last decade, seemingly corresponding with efforts by government to increase regulation.Research purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate possible structural changes in this labour market over the last decade, as well as the possible employment effects of the latest minimum wage provisions.Motivation for the study: Previous studies on the topic were carried out either prior to, or just after, the implementation of the minimum wage legislation for domestic workers. Now, five years after implementation, the conclusions and predictions of these studies need to be evaluated.Research design, approach and method: The study utilised a repeat survey in the suburb of Langenhoven Park in Bloemfontein, where two previous microstudies had been conducted. Structural interviews were conducted with a sample of 132 respondents and the data analysed.Main findings: There are now fewer domestic workers working for more employers, than there were ten years ago. In contrast to predictions from the literature, these changes mostly occurred before the implementation of the legislation. Real wages and legislative compliance improved for those who remained employed.Practical implications: The task of balancing the improvement of the lives of domestic workers and the possible adverse consequences of the legislation, in the form of job losses, remains as daunting as it was ten years ago.Contribution: Literature predicts changes in the market for domestic workers to be long term. This study shows that most changes took place before the implementation of the legislation as employers decided on their course of action.

The Trafficking of Ethiopian Domestic Workers into Lebanon: Navigating through a Novel Passage of the International Maid Trade

This article examines the trafficking of Ethiopian domestic workers into Lebanon. Since 1989, the number of domestic workers from Ethiopia trafficked into Lebanon has skyrocketed. The majority of these domestic workers are neither extended protection from their native or host states, which coupled with local racism and xenophobia, exposes these domestic workers to economic exploitation, abuse, and violence. This article provides a survey of this under-examined maid trade, and proposes prescriptive measures aimed at protecting the human rights of Ethiopian domestic workers in Lebanon, and combating illegal trafficking.

'n Minimum loon vir huishulpe: Antwoorde vir beleidmakers

This study, which was conducted in a Bloemfontein residential area, revealed that a considerable number of domestic workers may lose their jobs if a minimum wage is implemented. In order to keep job losses to the minimum, a minimum wage should not be too far above the current market wage level. This article sets out how labour market theory and empirical research can assist policymakers to determine market and minimum wage levels for domestic workers. The main conclusion of the research is that a minimum wage for domestic workers should be regressive - higher for part-time than full-time workers.