Number Of Cybercrimes Research Articles

Analysis of the Legislation of the EEU Countries in the Field of Combating Cybercrime

The article presents an analysis of cybersecurity legislation in the member countries of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), focusing on Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Belarus. In four parts of the article, the main aspects of the legal regulation of cybercrime in each of these countries are considered, as well as problems and shortcomings in legislation are identified. Outdated norms and ambiguities in legislation that are unable to adequately respond to modern challenges of cybercrime are discussed. The importance of an integrated approach to cybersecurity is emphasized, which includes not only legal regulation, but also technical, organizational and educational measures. It is proposed to conduct a more in-depth analysis and comparison of legislation to identify common trends, differences and the effectiveness of measures taken in the fight against cybercrime.Aim. Analysis of the legislation of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) member states in the field of cybersecurity and cybercrime prevention, identification of common trends and differences, evaluation of the effectiveness of measures taken, and determination of directions for further improvement of cybersecurity in the region.Tasks. Analysis of the legislation of the EAEU member states in the field of cybersecurity, evaluation of measures taken to counter cyber threats, identification of common trends and differences in regulatory approaches, determination of directions for improving the legal framework and practical measures in combating cybercrime.Methods. Analysis of the legal acts of the EAEU member states on cybersecurity and cybercrime, comparative analysis to identify common trends and differences, evaluation of the effectiveness of legislation in countering cyber threats, identification of problems, and proposal of directions for improving the legal framework considering modern challenges in cybersecurity.Results. Expected improvement in information exchange and experience sharing, development of common strategies and standards in cybersecurity, reduction in the number of successful cyberattacks through joint efforts, and enhancement of the security level of information systems and data through joint technical and organizational measures.Conclusions. Cooperation among the EAEU member states in cybersecurity can lead to a reduction in the number of cybercrimes, enhancement of the security level of information systems and data, stimulation of innovative development in the digital sphere, and strengthening trust in electronic services and the development of the digital economy in the region, which are key aspects in the modern information society.

Information and cybersecurity audit: Statutory regulation and performance issues

Subject. This article focuses on the issues related to the audit of information systems and cybersecurity. Objectives. The article aims to determine the key areas of legal regulation of information security audit, taking into account the requirements of the time, technical capabilities and digital transformations taking place in society and the global space. Methods. For the study, we used a case study method, analysis, computational and graphical method, data systematization, and the ecosystem approach. Results. The article identifies gaps in the methodological framework and statutory regulation of the audit of information systems, substantiates the need for systematization and further development of the legislative framework for the audit of information security, and identifies the objects of information technologies that require special attention. It proposes to make certain changes to the Federal Law On Auditing regarding the introduction of information security checks of business entities into the list of other services, as well as develop standards for government auditing, which will unify this type of activity. Conclusions and Relevance. The number of cybercrimes is steadily growing, and this is due to both the widespread digitalization of ecosystems and the high level of technical and intellectual training of persons committing fraudulent actions. Ensuring the information security of economic entities and government agencies is impossible without conducting an audit that reduces the risk of cyber threats. The results of the study can be used to develop the regulatory framework for the audit of information systems, as well as for further scientific research and practical application.

Victimological aspects of countering internet crime: State and local government practices

Globalisation is a reason for increasing levels of anxiety, physical fatigue, and psychological problems, which weakens the ability of people to resist encroachment on themselves, especially in the Internet environment – the dominant sphere for communication. The study aims to identify the vectors of interaction between the state and potential victims of crime on the Internet by analysing the activities of the subjects of the direction in countries with different scientific and technical potentials. The study employed statistical methods to collect qualitative and quantitative indicators of the issue under consideration, as well as comparative analysis to compare the elements of state policy in the field of combating cybercrime. The intensity of crimes committed with the help of Internet tools is growing every year and it is primarily due to the growth of opportunities to perform various financial, social and other types of interaction in the online space. However, there is a direct correlation between the number of cybercrimes and the level of scientific and technological development of a country. According to the Global Innovation Index, some of the most innovatively developed countries are the United States of America, the United Kingdom and Japan, where the intensity of scientific progress is several times higher than in less developed countries, for example, in the Central Asian region. The role and place of state bodies concerning the prevention of Internet crime is extremely difficult to overestimate because it is the central and local government that has a leading position in the development of preventive measures to prevent and minimise the phenomenon of victimisation of society in the Internet space. The distinction and understanding of the types and directions of crimes in the online environment is necessary to create an effective mechanism to combat such crimes and to develop effective tools to inculcate a healthy lifestyle to prevent the development of victimisation traits in a person. The results of the work can be used as a practical basis for further research on the topic – development of state strategies to combat cybercrime

Cybercrime in the context of the digital age: analysis of threats, legal challenges and strategies

The current period of social evolution is commonly referred to as the information stage of society’s development or the digital age. The introduction of the most advanced tools significantly speeds up the process of obtaining, processing and analyzing data. Wide and prompt access to information resources increases the efficiency of their use, which becomes an integral part of managing all institutions and processes. Various forms of crime are emerging globally as science and information technology evolve. The emergence and development of cybercrime is taking place, in particular, due to the globalization of the information environment and the rapid development of computer systems around the world. Currently, information technologies accompany people in various spheres of their activities, and accordingly, their use in committing criminal offences is increasing. In connection with the abovementioned, the issues of legal support for information security occupy a specific place in the public relations spectrum. The topic of cybersecurity in the era of information technology is increasingly spreading in the world community nowadays. After all, because of technological development, the number of cybercrimes that disrupt the activities of states, their institutions and a large number of private companies is rapidly increasing, with institutions and organizations incurring significant costs and disrupting their normal operation. The purpose of the academic paper is to define the concept and to review the classifications of cybercrime, taking into account the features of its commission and counteraction to this type of abuse in the context of digital society.

Virtual mashine Labtainers for emulation network vulnerabilities

The number of cybercrimes is constantly increasing and currently poses a significant threat to our society and economy. There is also a growing number of threats to our personal data, confidentiality, children, and the elderly due to financial fraud, which is why cybersecurity specialists are in high demand across all industries. In such circumstances, the question of the availability of cybersecurity specialists and their training methods. The number of disciplines related to cybersecurity is rapidly increasing in higher education institutions. The training of future cybersecurity specialists is a top priority for our national security, financial stability, and economic development. The article discusses the utilization of the Labtainers virtual environment for organizing lab sessions in cybersecurity disciplines. It explores ARP protocol vulnerabilities, principles, and mechanisms behind ARP-Spoofing attacks. The analysis delves into existing tools for executing such attacks. The article provides comparative equipment characteristics for setting up lab environments using physical hardware and virtual machines. It highlights the advantages of containerization for deploying test network environments based on Docker containers. For investigating the Labtainers environment in organizing lab sessions, a lab exercise on simulating ARP-Spoofing attacks and analyzing network traffic using the Wireshark network sniffer was chosen. Labtainers offer over 50 cybersecurity lab exercises and tools for creating custom ones. To perform these exercises on personal equipment, importing a virtual machine for VirtualBox hypervisor or installing Labtainers on a Linux OS is necessary. Subsequently, configurations for specific lab work can be set up and exercises executed according to instructions. Labtainers is designed for deploying configured Docker containers, allowing the creation of complex network topologies even on modest computers. It automates assessment, enables student performance evaluation, and facilitates lab work execution in an isolated environment. Students complete lab exercises entirely on their own computers, regardless of the Linux distribution and packages installed. Labtainers operates on a virtual machine with Docker or on any Linux distribution with Docker installed. Additionally, Labtainers’ lab exercises are available as cloud-based virtual machines, such as on Azure.

A Detailed Analysis of Cyber Crimes Against Women

Today’s world is a technologically advanced world. In this era, gadgets have become a very essential parts of our lives. Every coin has two sides and so is the case with the technological advancement. On one hand, technology has made the lives of the women very easy as they are able to communicate, study online, etc. and at the same time, there is a rapid increase in the number of cyber crimes against them. In this paper, the researchers shall analyse as to what kind of cyber crimes are happening against women, what are the laws to protect them against these crimes, what are the loopholes and solutions to the same.

Artificial Intelligence — a New Form of Using Special Knowledge in Investigating and Solving Cybercrimes

The number of cybercrimes has grown considerably in recent years and now poses a serious threat for the national security of states, information systems and personal data of citizens. The reasons for this considerable increase in cybercrime are the change of global policy, the special military operation, and the restrictions connected with the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors examine the importance of using special knowledge and artificial intelligence (AI) in the investigation of cybercrimes. They research the concept of a cybercrime, and analyze the ideas of scholars on strengthening the counteraction to such criminal activities, which have been spreading rapidly in recent years. The authors conclude that cybercrimes are understood as socially dangerous unlawful behavior, carried out with the use of information technologies and inflicting considerable damage on the economic and reputational interests of people, organizations and the state. They present a classification of the most common types of cybercrimes and key methods of carrying them out. They also analyze the research discussion on the contents of special knowledge, which allows the authors to conclude that in modern legal conditions AI, being a new form of special knowledge, requires a new understanding in view of the use of this knowledge in criminal proceedings. Taking into consideration that this format includes machine self-learning, neural networks, evolutionary algorithms, etc., the authors attempt to outline how they can be used for solving complex criminalistic tasks that require a preliminary analysis of large volumes of forensically relevant information, identification of images and regularities, and argumentation of making organizational-procedural decisions. The authors examine the cyberspheres where special technical knowledge is used, such as cybersecurity, computer architecture, reverse engineering, digital forensics, system administration. AI has a tremendous potential for the modern criminal process, its use will make it possible to enhance the effectiveness of investigatory work as it will considerably improve the speed and effectiveness of procedural actions and pre-court proceedings for criminal cases in general. It is, however, necessary to take into account the existing risks and limitations connected with its use in court-investigative practice. The authors conclude that in order to ensure the adequate use of opportunities offered by AI in the criminal process, it is necessary to develop ethical and legal principles of its inclusion in the sphere of special knowledge used in criminal court proceedings for acquiring forensic evidence on criminal cases.

Состояние преступности в Республике Калмыкия

The article provides an assessment of the state of crime in the Republic of Kalmykia. The purpose of the article is to evaluate the crime level in the Republic of Kalmykia. The tasks set by the author were to analyze statistical data in the republic as a whole and by district; it was also important to consider all-Russian trends and the state of crime in the regions neighboring the republic. In recent years, crime in our country has been undergoing quantitative as well qualitative changes: there is a decrease in the level of violent, property, and youth crime, while the number of cybercrimes is growing. The analysis of statistical data showed that the largest number of crimes is observed in the Rostov region, followed by the Volgograd region and Stavropol Territory, with the lowest number of crimes in the Astrakhan region and Kalmykia. There is a positive trend towards a decrease in the number of registered crimes in the Republic of Kalmykia. According to this indicator, this region occupies one of the leading places in the country. There are two negative trends that have been identified: increase in recidivism and a very high proportion of people without a regular income among those who have committed crimes.

Legal aspects of the cybertechnology development and the cyberweapon use in the state defence sphere: Global and Ukrainian experience

The research relevance is determined by the development of the digital sphere, which entails an increase in the number of cybercrimes and cyberattacks that pose a threat to the security of people and organisations and can lead to serious consequences. The study aims to examine how cyber technologies are formed and developed, as well as how they are used in the field of state defence in Ukraine and some European Union countries, namely Germany, France, the United Kingdom, and Indonesia. In the course of the study, were used structural-functional and dialectical methods, the method of synthesis, logical and comparative analysis, and the method of generalisation. It is established that cybertechnologies are gaining more and more development both in the world and in Ukraine, and cyberweapons, due to their effectiveness and negative consequences, are equated with methods of mass destruction. That is why the issue of cyber defence is one of the main challenges of our time. Ukraine needs to adopt international experience to successfully formulate policies and create its own legal and organisational framework for cybersecurity. Using the experience of other countries, Ukrainian experts will be able to improve their technologies and strategies, strengthen defences in the information space, and develop new advanced defence systems. The importance of the National Coordination Centre for Cybersecurity should be emphasised. The body’s work is focused on ensuring coordination of the activities of the national security and defence entities of Ukraine in the implementation of the cybersecurity strategy in the country and on improving the efficiency of the public administration system in the formation and implementation of the state policy in the field of cybersecurity. The study is practically important, since all the theoretical provisions, conclusions and recommendations can be used by legislators and other specialists to improve the system of legal guarantees of cybersecurity in the field of defence of the State

Including insider threats into risk management through Bayesian threat graph networks

Cybersecurity incidents do represent a serious danger for companies. In fact, the number of cyber crimes is exponentially growing in a scenario where the global COVID-19 pandemic determined several conditions that have negatively affected companies' cyber-security posture. The adoption of risk management processes can help reduce security threats and mitigate both financial and reputation losses. In computer systems, it is crucial to relate security risks to the system infrastructure. Bayesian attack graph models can help reach such a goal. The approach is very effective as it allows to define the attack paths an attacker would perform against a specific network infrastructure. In this way, it is possible to construct a truthful representation of a company's security risks that cannot be obtained with other approaches. Still, Bayesian risk management approaches are usually based on advanced threats. Namely, those threats relate to vulnerabilities that can only be exploited by a skilled attacker. Although several works enrich the expressiveness of the proposed Bayesian model, current proposals do not provide insights into how it is possible to estimate security control costs, asset values, and threat probabilities for other types of threats. Furthermore, they do not take insider threats into consideration. This work shows that a risk management framework based on Bayesian Attack Graphs can be adapted to include a variety of threats, including those related to the insiders. We first extend an interesting work based on Bayesian Decision Networks to cover a broader range of threats. Then, we formalize several concepts, such as security control coverage and risk strategy, and show that our model can easily integrate insider threats when specific properties are defined. Finally, in order to address insider threats, we enrich the model with security controls that differ from the standard ones, such as technical IT training sessions and employee satisfaction surveys.

Cybersecurity in Mozambique: Status and Challenges

Digital technologies became one of the most important components of societies day to day life. In Africa, they brought several benefits as well as challenges. For instance, the number of cyber-crimes and cyber-attacks are increasing. Yet, not all 54 African countries have implemented proper cybersecurity measures such as the adoption of national cybersecurity strategy, technical and organizational measures, development of cyber capacity and fostering national and engaging in regional and international cooperation. However, the adoption of these measures are vital and imperative. Mozambique is one of these countries where these measures are lacking. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to give an overview of the current state of cybersecurity in Mozambique considering all of the aspects mentioned above. Additionally, this paper also aims to present some best practices that Mozambique can adopt to improve and intensify its cybersecurity commitments. The proposed recommendations are based on internationally recognized frameworks and models developed by entities such as the European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA), International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and African Union (AU).

An exploratory cybercrime analysis and its impact on india

In the modern era, the rapid use of the internet has led to reports of cybercrimes. The number of cybercrimes is constantly increasing. The purpose of this paper is to identify the root causes of cybercrime and find insights that can be used by the administration to take fruitful decisions to overcome cybercrime offenses. It has collected data related to the registered cybercrime cases in various Indian states on different parameters for the years 2016 to 2019. The preprocessing was applied to individual datasets, and a common data set was prepared. Data analysis using Power BI (business intelligence) and Microsoft (MS) Excel tools was performed for the Indian states, and its impact was analyzed through year-wise analysis. The outcome of this paper can be utilized by the Indian administration, cyber experts, working professionals, and users to take care of the affecting factors and limit cybercrimes.

EXPLORING THE BENEFITS OF CROSS-IMPLEMENTING CYBERSECURITY STANDARDS TO COMBAT RANSOMWARE CYBER CRIMES

This article is devoted to research and analysis of recent cyberattacks on critical infrastructure of Ukraine using ransomware. In the article, the authors emphasize the growing importance of cyber security in today's digital environment due to the increase in the number of cybercrimes, in particular, attacks using ransomware. As a result, it is important to apply cybersecurity standards to effectively combat these threats. The article emphasizes the importance of implementing comprehensive measures that cover technical, organizational, and legal aspects to combat ransomware cybercrimes. The article also provides the main methods and tools for successfully countering ransomware, both for ordinary users and representatives of businesses and critical infrastructure facilities. Also, this paper offers an exploration of the benefits of cross-implementation of cybersecurity standards in the context of combating ransomware attacks and cybercrimes. The authors consider the methods and approaches to cyber security auditing, determine the advantages of the method of cross-implementation of standards, and offer recommendations for its effective use to ensure the security of information systems. This approach contributes to the creation of a comprehensive defense system that reduces the probability of success of attacks using ransomware and provides greater resilience of the organization to incidents and cybercrimes. The results of the study can be useful for organizations seeking to improve their cyber security and protect themselves from ransomware attacks and cybercrimes.

A literature review of financial losses statistics for cyber security and future trend

Cybercrime directs to any criminal activity taken out utilizing computers or the internet. Attackers have chosen strategies such as social engineering, phishing, and malware as part of their cyber-attacks. A cyber-attack can lead to various effects, ranging from stealing individual data to extortion money or losing helpful information. Society and systems depend on critical infrastructures like power plants, hospitals, and financial services companies. This paper analyzes financial losses statistics for cyber security and future trends. The cost of cybercrime prevention is increasing day by day. Financial losses refer to damages to the wealth of an organization. This includes organizational losses, compensation, and legal fees. By financial loss, we mean increased costs or reduced income caused by the threat. We collect data from various datasets and information from sources. After collecting data, we analyze the data and create a different chart to identify the growth of cyber-attacks, cyber security, and cybercrime costs. We analyze global and worldwide cybercrime status. We also investigate state-wise cybercrime and the cyber security status of the United States of America. Our main objective of the analysis is to find out the financial losses and future trends of cybercrime and cyber security. From our study, we noticed that the number of cybercrimes and their management and prevention costs are rapidly increasing in the USA and worldwide.

Problems and solutions for online deposits deployment in Indonesia: a descriptive analysis

When clients make financial transactions using their smartphones, digitalization in banking is an endeavour to continue innovating in order to provide a variety of services and conveniences for those customers. One of the improvements in financial products that enables clients to create an online account without their needing to be physically present is the online deposit service. This research makes use of descriptive methodologies and reviews of existing literature to identify a variety of issues that arise throughout the process of putting into practise online deposit products. The findings of this research include the following: (1) the number of supporting infrastructure facilities for banking digitalization is still relatively limited; (2) many banking terms are difficult for the general public to understand; and (3) the number of cybercrimes that are occurring as a result of the increasing number of users in this industry. The author of this study offers potential solutions to the issues that have been brought to light, including (1) the enhancement of IT infrastructure and an increase in the level of security; (2) online operator facilities that explain directly; and (3) the updating of security and operator knowledge on a variety of newly emerging modes of criminal activity related to the internet. People will be more likely to believe, feel secure, and be willing to deposit their money in the bank as a result of this activity, particularly the online placing of deposit funds. This research makes a contribution to the growth of information regarding the many initiatives being made to digitalize banking in Indonesia.

Проблемы обеспечения безопасности экономического следа личности в интернете

Introduction. The article deals with the problems of ensuring the security of economic information of individuals on the Internet. The concept and forms of the economic Internet trace of the individual are investigated. Theoretical analysis. Fraudulent actions in a virtual environment directed against individuals account for a significant proportion of the total number of cybercrimes. The main motive of the offenses is to obtain financial benefits, and the method is the distribution and use of malicious software. The contradiction between formal institutions of economic cybersecurity and informal institutions of virtual fraud is analyzed, and the ways of its resolution are presented: tightening control and organization of harmonious interaction of economic agents. The forms of institutional coordination of subjects on the basis of market relations are investigated: the introduction of a cooling-off period during financial transactions; the determination of the minimum amount of funds after which the transaction is subject to mandatory control by financial structures and supervisory authorities; the establishment of the amount of funds that banks must return in a simplified and unconditional manner to customers – individuals who have become victims of cybercriminals; the introduction of blockchain technology. Special attention is paid to the formation of financial literacy of the population. The author notes an increase in cases of cyberbullying during the coronavirus pandemic. Results. The conclusion is made about the weakness of state and market institutions to protect the economic Internet trace of the individual. It is proposed to develop an appropriate state strategy to improve the security of the individuals’ economic information use on the Internet.

A Study on Types of Cyber Crimes and Cyber Attacks Today

Abstract: With the increasing number of COVID-19 cases in the world and deaths worldwide has given a very worse condition to the whole world besides this covid pandemic there is also increase in number of Cyber-crimes and Cyber-attack of different types in the whole world. As Technology is advancing everyday there is a rise in Cyber-crime problem today, however security measures and prevention to protect this technology and the users of the technology is not advancing as quickly. So, the aim of this study is to understand and learn different types of Cybercrimes and Cyberattacks today in the world. It is important to prevent and to put awareness about the types of crimes and attacks. There are some protective procedures such as keep your software Up to date, Using of Anti-Virus Protection and also the use of Firewall, Continuously Changing Passwords and keep it as strong as can be, and also two step or multi step authentication should be done whenever necessary. Keywords: Cyber-crimes, Cyber-attacks, Types of Cyber-crimes, Prevention Measures, Threats

Cyber Security in the Age of Covid-19: A Timeline and Analysis of Cyber-Crime and Cyber-Attacks during the Pandemic

The entire world has been impacted by Covid-19, which has forced the nations to undergo lockdowns, which have opened the new horizons of virtual learning and work from home culture. Though virtual learning and online meetings were available prior to the lockdowns, use of these platforms have intensified. There is a lack of awareness among many in the public concerning the perils of using these platforms which makes them susceptible to cyber-crime attacks phishing, sexual or verbal abuse, eve teasing etc. Lockdowns have provided cyber criminals with new criminal opportunities and evidence shows that there has been a rampant increase in the number of cyber-crimes during this period. Public lack of awareness has led to innocent people falling prey in the hands of attackers. Since the pandemic and ensuing lockdowns came as a surprise, public and private authorities lacked the opportunity to make appropriate arrangements for training people and making these platforms secure. There is no question that if these platforms are made secure, then they will prove to be as an asset to the society but much work must be done to achieve the goal of complete cyber security.

Phishing schemes in the banking sector: Recommendations to Internet users on protection and development of regulatory tasks

The aim and objectives of the article are to analyze fraudulent phishing schemes and develop recommendations for Internet use and relevant regulatory tasks. The relevance of the article is due to the peculiarities of working in cyberspace with the emergence of new sources of banking risks, both for customers and organizations. The scientific novelty of the manuscript consists of a detailed analysis of phishing schemes, the development of recommendations and directions in relation to the Russian Federation. The object of the study is cyber fraud in the credit and financial sphere; the subject is social engineering and phishing schemes. The methodology of the paper includes a systematic analysis of the literature and sources on the research topic, general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, deduction, analogy, classification), correlation analysis of data, graphical visualization of information. The authors consider the main methods of phishing and the most common techniques used by cybercriminals. Based on the critical analysis of the literature the authors determined a promising direction for the scientific and technical potential of Russia. A correlation analysis of the relationship between the number of cybercrimes and commercial banks is performed. The study offers recommendations to Internet users (how to recognize the signs of fraud), and to regulatory bodies on improving the system of supervision over the dissemination of information in cyberspace. The authors concluded that it is necessary to increase the level of cyber literacy and general literacy of the population, on the one hand, and to modernize the methods of supervision and control of the information posted on the Internet, on the other hand, to effectively counter financial and cybercrime. The research results can be used in the further development of remote banking services for the population to increase competitiveness in the banking services market. Prospects for further research on this topic lie in expanding its structure, developing the competencies of specialists in the field of remote banking technologies, as well as developing the scientific and technical potential of Russia.

A Study on Characteristics Analysis and Countermeasures of Digital Sex Crimes in Korea

In the modern knowledge–information age, various information and communication technologies provide us with many benefits and at the same time, bring various side effects such as cybercrime. The number of cybercrimes is increasing gradually, and in particular, the number of digital sex crimes has been increasing recently. In addition, digital sex crimes are becoming increasingly violent, so national measures are needed. In this study, statistical data at the national level were used to investigate the overall characteristics of digital sex crimes in Korea. First, statistical analysis shows that the victims are mainly women in their teens and 20s. Typical types of digital sex crimes are distribution of illegal contents and illegal filming, the perpetrators are mainly unknown, and digital sex crimes were less often recognized by others and more often by the victims themselves. Based on these results, countermeasures against various digital sex crimes are suggested.