Number Of Beetles Research Articles

Geographical dispersion of ragweed leaf beetle (Ophraella communa) based on climatic and biological characters in the Palearctic habitats

Abstract The accidentally introduced ragweed leaf beetle (Ophraella communa) is a most promising biological control agent for common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), which herbivore has already emerged in several areas of the Palearctic region. The aim of our study was to model the expansion of O. communa and the number of generations in the various Palearctic regions. Furthermore, our objective was to determine the effect of the prevailing wind on the direction of its spread and to ascertain the relationship between the green biomass production of ragweed and individual numbers of this leaf beetle. According to our meta‐analytical findings, the advancement of O. communa is continuous in the Palearctic areas. This phytophagous insect invades new habitats, which are occupied by A. artemisiifolia, and spreads quickly. The stable populations of O. communa seem to be strictly linked to the presence of its primary host, A. artemisiifolia. We show that the rapid spread of this insect is due to the combination of wind direction and topography features, which was reinforced by our analysis. O. communa possesses uniformly multivoltine populations in its Palearctic habitats. So, insects possessing facultative diapause are able to colonize northern areas depending on the presence of their host, which statement is based on the processing of 143 East‐ and 68 West‐Palearctic records According to our investigations, the mass appearance of this phytophagous insect coincided with the assimilation peak of its main host, common ragweed.

Seasonal flight and genetic distinction among Xylosandrus crassiusculus populations invasive in Australia

ABSTRACT Xylosandrus crassiusculus is an invasive Asian-origin ambrosia beetle that has spread across many regions of the world, including first records in Queensland, Australia, in 2011 and New Zealand in 2019. To determine the seasonal flight activity of this species in Australia, panel traps using quercivorol + ethanol lures were placed at three study sites in New South Wales. This trapping yielded 1173 beetles, consisting of 21 species from three tribes (Xyleborini, Cryphalini and Hylurgini). Xylosandrus crassiusculus contributed almost half the total number of beetles captured over a period of 12 months, mainly driven by catches at one site. The trapping showed a seasonal peak of X. crassiusculus in late March and early April. The genetic relationships between the Australian and New Zealand specimens of X. crassiusculus were compared with other populations across the world. Phylogenetic analysis of the Australian X. crassiusculus populations showed that the beetle population in Queensland was similar to those found in New Zealand and countries in the Americas (Clade I), while the New South Wales population was closely related to Southeast Asian populations (Clade II). This divergence of genetic populations in Australia infers independent introductions of X. crassiusculus into Australia.

SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT PEST MANAGEMENT MODULES AGAINST VECTOR AND SUCKING PESTS OF BITTER GOURD

<p class="abstrakinggris">Bitter gourd, <em>Momordica charantia </em>Linn., is one of the most important traditional vegetable in India. Infestations of sucking pests especially jassid, and whitefly occurred thorough out the crop growth period in the region. For ecofriendly management, different pest management modules <em>viz</em>., bio-intensive, chemical, and integrated modules were evaluated against these sucking pests and compared under field conditions during 2019–2021. Among the three tested modules, the integrated pest management (IPM) comprised seed treatment with imidacloprid @ 5–10 g kg<sup>-1 </sup>of seed, installation of yellow sticky traps @ 25–30 ha<sup>-1</sup>, border crop with maize, spraying of azadirachtin 1500 ppm @ 10 ml L<sup>-1</sup>, thiamethoxam @ 1 g 3<sup>-1</sup> L, imidacloprid @ 1 g 12<sup>-1</sup> L, cyantraniliprole @ 1.8 ml L<sup>-1</sup>, neem oil (0.5%) + <em>Lecanicillium lecanii</em> @ 2.5 g L<sup>-1</sup>, and neem oil (0.5%) + <em>Beauveria bassiana</em> @ 2.5 g L<sup>-1</sup> from 20 to 70 days after sowing at 10 days intervals each harboured lowest whiteflies population (0.63 per leaf) with maximum per cent reduction over control of 70.14. The number of predatory lady bird beetles and polyphagous spiders were also higher. The highest healthy fruit yields (171, 179, and 153 q ha<sup>-1</sup>) were recorded from the IPM module for three consecutive years (2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively). In terms of return, maximum net profit of ₹71,211 was obtained from the IPM module with the highest incremental cost-benefit ratio of 1:5.18. Therefore, the IPM module could be a viable ecofriendly option in the management of the sucking pests of bitter gourd, along with the conservation of natural enemies.</p>

ВИДОВЕ РІЗНОМАНІТТЯ ШКІДНИКІВ СМОРОДИНИ ЧОРНОЇ У ПРАВОБЕРЕЖНОМУ ЛІСОСТЕПУ УКРАЇНИ

The article deals with clarifying the species composition of black currant (Ribes nigrum l.) pests in the Right-Bank Forest- Steppe of Ukraine. During 2005-2020, 29 species of phytophagous insects from 15 families of 7 series and 2 species of phytophagous mites (Cecidophyopsis ribis Westw., Tetranychus urticae Koch.) were found in black currant plantations. The largest part (29% of the total number of detected species) in the structure of insect pests was occupied by representatives of a number of beetles (Coleoptera, among which the most common and harmful is the agrilus (Agrilus viridis L. ab aubei C-C.). Pests of the lepidopterans (Lepidoptera) were represented by 7 species from 5 families and accounted for 24% of the structure of the harmful entomocomplex. The most harmful representatives of this series are the currant clearwing moth (Aegeria tipuliformis Cl. (Synanthedon tipuliformis Cl.)) and common currant tortrix (Pandemis ribeana Hb.). The part of the series of homopterans (Homoptera) in the structure of the phytophagous complex was 17%, which were represented by five species of pests of the family Aphididae (aphids), among which the aphid currant (Aphis schneideri Born) is dominant. Phytophagous insects from the series hemipterans (Hemiptera), hymenopterans (Hymenoptera), dipterans (Diptera) and orthopteroids (Orthoptera) were represented by only 1–4 species and had no economic significance in terms of population density and harmfulness. Two species of herbivorous mites were also identified: the currant bud (Cecidophyopsis ribis Westw.) and the common spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch.). In terms of trophic specialization, polyphagous insects dominated, and phytophiles (dendrobiots) dominated in life forms.

Non-host habitat at local and landscape scales promotes overwintering success of a specialist insect pest

Incorporating non-crop habitats around cropping fields is often promoted to enhance biodiversity and deter crop pests. However, few studies have investigated how these habitats influence the overwintering success of pest populations. In this study, we investigate how a specialist insect pest, the asparagus beetle (Crioceris asparagi, Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), uses local and landscape resources for overwintering. We surveyed beetles in 2019–2020 at 11 asparagus farms in Michigan, USA, and conducted experiments to compare overwintering survival of adult beetles in five substrates commonly found in asparagus agroecosystems. We compared the overwintering number of beetles across three habitat types: asparagus field, weedy margin, and woodlot. Overwintering asparagus beetle abundance was highest within sites with deciduous leaves and decomposing asparagus stalks. We found a negative relationship between the abundance of dead trees in adjacent woodlots and adult beetle abundance. We then expanded beyond the woodlots with a landscape analysis conducted at multiple spatial scales. Landscape analysis indicated that deciduous forest within 1250 m of sites increased beetle abundance in focal asparagus fields, while asparagus production at spatial scales greater than 1500 m suppressed their populations. Our findings indicate that certain specialist pests, like asparagus beetles, depend on host resources for overwintering, but non-host habitat from the surrounding landscape is also important to their success. Practically, removal of host and non-host debris (leaf litter) from asparagus fields may lead to decreased survival and lower pest pressures. In addition, crop-dominated landscapes may not require in-field habitat management of overwintering substrates to the same extent as more diverse landscapes with higher proportions of non-host habitat (deciduous forest). Ultimately, we argue that the net positive and negative impact of increasing non-host habitat at the landscape level should be considered when developing integrated pest management strategies for specialists at the local scale.

Near‐optimal control of a stochastic model for mountain pine beetles with pesticide application

AbstractIn this paper, considering the effect of environmental factors such as climate change, temperature and drought on the growth of forests and beetles as well as the pine forests death and economic loss caused by outbreaks of mountain pine beetles, we first develop a stochastic mountain pine beetle model with pesticide application, and then consider its near‐optimal control (NOC) problem. The problem NOC is formulated by decreasing the mountain pine beetles while keeping the cost of pesticide application to a minimum. By Pontryagin stochastic maximum principle, we establish some sufficient and necessary conditions of the near‐optimality. Some numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the theoretical results, which indicate that the pesticide application could effectively control the number of beetles and relieve the pressure from the attacking of beetles on the pines. To some extent, this control strategy could protect the pine forests and reduce economic losses caused by the mountain pine beetles.

Susceptibility assessment and mapping of Ips typographus (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in oriental spruce forests in Artvin, Turkey

AbstractIps typographus, which was first identified in 1984 in the oriental spruce forests of Artvin, Turkey, has killed millions of cubic metres of trees. Severe outbreaks of I. typographus following storms resulting in fallen trees and salvage logging done as a part of control activities have caused gaps in the stand canopy of oriental spruce forests. These forests, which have many important functions, such as supplying water, soil conservation and preventing natural disasters in the area they spread, have a fragmented structure because of beetle damages and various traditional utilization practices of the local community. In this study, the local spread of I. typographus in the forests of Hatila Valley National Park and the neighbouring Taşlıca Forest Sub‐District was evaluated, and the areas susceptible to the beetle were determined using the frequency ratio method. A total of 120 pheromone traps were employed in the study. A beetle density map of the study area was produced using the inverse distance weighting interpolation method based on the total number of beetles caught by the traps. Then, the correlation between the regions with high I. typographus density and environmental factors that contributed to this situation were determined using the frequency ratio method. An average 6528.70 beetles were caught by the pheromone traps as a result of this study. The density of the beetles was high in 60.64% of the study area, and an average 10,844.25 beetles were caught by the pheromone traps in these areas. The difference in the total number of beetles between areas with high beetle density and those with low or medium beetle density was significant. It was determined that 32.53% of the study area had very high or high susceptibility to I. typographus. Different parameters such as altitude, slope, aspect, distance to forest roads, stand type, topographic wetness index and area solar radiation were found to be associated with the susceptibility of an area to I. typographus.

Impacts and trapping of ambrosia beetles Euwallacea fornicatus and E. similis in Acacia plantations in Vietnam

There are over two million hectares of Acacia plantations in Vietnam and loss from infestations of ambrosia beetles is of increasing concern. In this study, we first determined the key taxa and the extent of damage, and then identified effective trap and lure combinations for trapping adult beetles, and finally quantified the seasonality of flight of Euwallacea for informing pest management decisions. Based on analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene, the greatest threats were confirmed as Euwallacea fornicatus and E. similis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), which are native to Southeast Asia but known as invasive species in South Africa and elsewhere. The damage incidence of Euwallacea ranged from 16.7% to 34.9% in Acacia plantations throughout Vietnam. There were no significant differences in the numbers of beetles captured between the three trap types (plastic bottles, funnels and panels). Ethanol and quercivorol were more effective as lures than cubeb oil, α-pinene or a distilled water control. Trapping from June 2020 to May 2021 revealed a bimodal frequency of E. fornicatus and E. similis in A. mangium and Acacia hybrid plantations, with captures peaking in April (spring) and October (autumn). These findings can be applied to develop early detection and trapping control programmes for Euwallacea in Acacia plantations in Vietnam and elsewhere.

The Influence of Landscape Composition on The Diversity and Abundance of Beetles in Rice Cultivation

The objectives of this study were to examine the characteristics of the landscape at each research site to examine the diversity, abundance, and composition of beetles; to examine the effect of management practices and habitat conditions, and to examine the relationship between landscape composition and beetle diversity and abundance at 14 research sites. The research was conducted from January 2022 to March 2022 in 14 rice farming locations spread across West Sumatra, Central Java, and East Java. Sampling was done by installing light traps at each location, mapping the landscape condition, and characterizing the landscape by conducting a ground survey at a radius of 500 m from the observation plot by recording various types of land use and then digitizing it with the QGIS application version 3.24.1. This study used analysis of variance and regression analysis. The results showed that plantations, agriculture, forests, and settlements dominated the land use types. The total number of beetles was 12,653, consisting of 10 families and 24 morphospecies. The cultivation method that influences the diversity of beetles is the application of fertilizer, while the landscape composition that affects species diversity is natural habitat and class area plantation.

Efficacy of Two-In-One Model Traps and Sun Drying against Callosobruchus Maculatus (F.) in Mungbean

Detection of insect infestations is essential for quality assurance and helps in locating insect infestations, for early diagnosis of low-level infestation and to ascertain the success of control measures. This study evaluates the efficacy of two-in-one model trap against cowpea bruchid Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) in stored mungbean in six months of storage. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU) developed two-in-one model traps were used. The observations on number of adult beetles trapped, % weight loss and grain damage were recorded at the end of each month, for six months. The results obtained conclude that use of one trap and sun drying of mungbean grains for five days is significantly effective in reducing the number of adult beetles. No weight loss and grain damage were recorded with this treatment, where only one trap/ container was used followed by sun drying for five days at the end of fourth month. Similar results were obtained up to six months. The % weight loss of 1.75 and 4.00% grain damage observed at the end of sixth month with one trap and three day sun drying of grains exhibit its efficacy.

EFEKTIFITAS PENGGUNAAN FRUIT TRAP BERBAHAN NANAS DAN BERBAGAI WARNA LAMPU SEBAGAI PERANGKAP KUMBANG TANDUK (Oryctes rhinoceros) PADA TANAMAN BELUM MENGHASILKAN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq)

Oil palm plantations are often damaged by pests, especially the horn beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros) The damage caused can potentially suffer losses, either directly or indirectly. This study aims to determine the effectiveness and intensity of the horn beetle catch obtained by combining fruit traps with various colors of lights in the Immature Plants (TBM) area, the lights used are 18 watt emergency lights. This study used a non- factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK) research method with five levels of treatment, namely: P0 (white light + pineapple), P1 (yellow light + pineapple), P2 (blue light + pineapple), P3 (green light + pineapple). . light + pineapple). light + pineapple). , P4 (red light + pineapple) with four replications to obtain 20 treatment samples. The parameter observed was the number of beetles (O. rhinoceros) trapped. The results of this study showed that P1 was significantly different from treatment P2, P3 and P4 but not significantly different from treatment P0, in general, treatment P1 was the most effective treatment with the acquisition of horn beetles trapped as many as 146 tails. This is because yellow light has a color spectrum length of 560-590 nm which best corresponds to the wavelength of the color spectrum that is acceptable to insects, which is 300-650 nm. In addition, yellow light is more unified and gives a more dominant light reflection in the dark.

EFEKTIFITAS PENGGUNAAN FRUIT TRAP BERBAHAN NANAS DAN BERBAGAI WARNA LAMPU SEBAGAI PERANGKAP KUMBANG TANDUK (Oryctes rhinoceros) PADA TBM KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

Oil palm plantations are often damaged by pests, especially the horn beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros) The damage caused can potentially suffer losses, either directly or indirectly. This study aims to determine the effectiveness and intensity of the horn beetle catch obtained by combining fruit traps with various colors of lights in the Immature Plants (TBM) area, the lights used are 18 watt emergency lights. This study used a non- factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK) research method with five levels of treatment, namely: P0 (white light + pineapple), P1 (yellow light + pineapple), P2 (blue light + pineapple), P3 (green light + pineapple). . light + pineapple). light + pineapple). , P4 (red light + pineapple) with four replications to obtain 20 treatment samples. The parameter observed was the number of beetles (O. rhinoceros) trapped. The results of this study showed that P1 was significantly different from treatment P2, P3 and P4 but not significantly different from treatment P0, in general, treatment P1 was the most effective treatment with the acquisition of horn beetles trapped as many as 146 tails. This is because yellow light has a color spectrum length of 560-590 nm which best corresponds to the wavelength of the color spectrum that is acceptable to insects, which is 300-650 nm. In addition, yellow light is more unified and gives a more dominant light reflection in the dark.

Dataset: Fauna of Adult Ground Beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) of the National Park “Smolny” (Russia)

(1) Background: Protected areas are “hotspots” of biodiversity in many countries. In such areas, ecological systems are preserved in their natural state, which allows them to protect animal populations. In several protected areas, the Coleoptera biodiversity is studied as an integral part of the ecological monitoring of the ecosystem state. This study was aimed to describe the Carabidae fauna in one of the largest protected areas of European Russia, namely National Park “Smolny”. (2) Methods: The study was conducted in April–September 2008, 2009, 2017–2021. A variety of ways was used to collect beetles (by hand, caught in light traps, pitfall traps, and others). Seasonal dynamics of the beetle abundance were studied in various biotopes. Coordinates were fixed for each observation. (3) Results: The dataset contains 1994 occurrences. In total, 32,464 specimens of Carabidae have been studied. The dataset contains information about 131 species of Carabidae beetles. In this study, we have not found two species (Carabus estreicheri and Calathus ambiguus), previously reported in the fauna of National Park “Smolny”. (4) Conclusions: The Carabidae diversity in the National Park “Smolny” is represented by 133 species from 10 subfamilies. Ten species (Carabus cancellatus, Harpalus laevipes, Carabus hortensis, Pterostichus niger, Poecilus versicolor, Pterostichus melanarius, Carabus glabratus, Carabus granulatus, Carabus arvensis baschkiricus, Pterostichus oblongopunctatus) constitute the majority of the Carabidae fauna. Seasonal dynamics are maximal in spring; the number of ground beetles decreases in biotopes by autumn.

Seasonal Variations in the Assembly of Dung Beetles (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae and Scarabaeidae) Attracted to Macaque Feces in Temperate Forests in Japan

Dung beetles attracted to the feces of wild Japanese macaques (Primates: Macaca fuscata Blyth) were studied at two temperate sites in Japan, Kinkazan (dominated by deciduous forest) and Yakushima (dominated by evergreen forest), to determine if temporal variations occur in the dung beetle community. Data from 428 pitfall traps baited with fresh Japanese macaque feces and placed during 15 sampling periods from 2015 to 2019 were analyzed. We captured 1,682 beetles (two families, five genera, and nine species) from Kinkazan and 1,102 beetles (two families, four genera, and nine species) from Yakushima. More than 50% of the beetles captured were small (body size < 10 mm) tunnelers (species of Onthophagus Latreille and Caccobius Thomson). Large (body size > 10 mm) tunnelers (species of Phelotrupes Jekel and Copris acutidens Motschulsky) were common in Kinkazan, and dwellers (species of Aphodius Illiger) were frequently obtained in Yakushima. At both sites, the capture rate and number of trapped beetles were greater during the summer and autumn (Kinkazan: 90–100%; Yakushima: 64–95%) than during other seasons. For several species, the number of beetles collected in each trap was positively correlated with mean temperature, but no relationship with rainfall was observed. From an ecological viewpoint, dung beetles burying seeds embedded in macaque feces might affect plant fitness in the initial stages.

Effect of Pine Forest Management on the Diversity of Ambrosia Beetles (Curculionidae: Platypodinae and Scolytinae) in East Java, Indonesia

In Indonesia, Pinus merkusii, the Sumatran pine, is the most important forest tree in the industry. This study aimed to determine the effects of pine forest types and sites on the abundance of ambrosia beetles in four pine forest types and sites, i.e., the protected pine forest (PF1 &amp; PF2), the pine forests-based agroforestry (PA1 &amp; PA2), the tapped-pine forests (TP1 &amp; TP2), and the non-tapped pine forests (NP1 &amp; NP2). The environmental variables and the stand-ages were also studied related to the number of ambrosia beetle individuals and species. Twenty ethanol baited traps were installed to attract and collect the ambrosia beetles in each pine forest site. The descriptive analysis, the nested analysis of variance, and correlation analysis were applied to determine the differences in ambrosia beetle abundance between the pine forest sites, the relationship between the stand-age, humidity, elevation, and temperature to the number of individuals and species of ambrosia beetle, and species diversity of ambrosia beetles in each pine forest type. The Jaccard distance was calculated to investigate the dissimilarity between each pine forest site based on the ambrosia beetle species composition and abundance. The 999 ambrosia beetles (15 species) were reported in this study. Two were Platypodinae, and 13 were Scolytinae subfamilies. Xyleborinus andrewesi was the most abundant ambrosia beetle. The abundance of ambrosia beetles was significantly different between pine forest types (F = 89.23, p &lt; 0.001). The population of ambrosia beetles was the highest in the protected pine forest, and the lowest one was identified in the non-tapped pine forest and the pine forest-based agroforestry. Based on the pine forest types, the highest number of ambrosia beetle species was in the protected pine forest (13 species), and the lowest one was in the pine forest-based agroforestry (7 species). The highest and the lowest numbers of ambrosia beetles were in the protected pine forest site 2 (11 species) and in the pine forest–based agroforestry site 2 &amp; the non-tapped pine forest site 1 (3 species). The highest dissimilarity was shown by the highest distances between the pine forest-based agroforestry site 1 and the non-tapped pine forest site 1 based on the Jaccard distance. The stand-age, humidity, and temperature potentially effected the number of ambrosia beetle individuals and species. The elevation also indicated to influence the number of ambrosia beetle individuals however it isn’t happened on the number of ambrosia beetle species. This study contributes to identify the suitable pine forest types related to the ambrosia beetle management.

Characteristics of the great bustard (Otis tarda) (Otididae, Aves) habitats in the Trans-Volga region according to food availability during the chick rearing period

The results of our studies of potential nesting sites for bustards in the Saratov Trans-Volga region are presented. Characteristics of plant communities, as well as the quantitative and qualitative composition of arthropods in these areas, are given. Specific materials obtained in 2017–2021 at 6 plots are given, namely: crops of winter wheat, millet, and sunflower; fallows of various ages; and young (2nd stage) and old virgin lands. The obtained results are compared with the data of previous years. The obtained results on the state of the forage base of bustards allow us to conclude that loss of nesting habitats by birds of this species has actually occurred. Those areas, where, despite the decrease in the abundance of insects, there are still enough of them to feed the chicks, are not used by bustards as nesting stations. These are fallows of various ages and virgin lands. The lack of a sufficient number of arthropods necessary for feeding chicks in those places where bustards prefer to nest, namely, cereals crops, leads to catastrophic consequences for reproduction, and, consequently, the survival of the species. The numbers of large orthoptera and beetles in winter crops, reflecting biomass indicators, have decreased by 10 times compared to 2000, during the period of extensive agriculture. The intensification of agricultural production, the use of pesticides on various crops, as well as the change in the structure of crop rotation are the main causes for the insufficient food supply during the period of rearing chicks. The results obtained give grounds to believe that the number of bustards will continue to decline due to the inability to raise their offspring as a result of the lack of food supply.

Presence of pesticides and biocides at Dutch cattle farms participating in bird protection programs and potential impacts on entomofauna

In spite of meadow bird protection programs, a severe decline of meadow birds is taking place in the Netherlands. It is hypothesized that pesticides and other agrochemicals may contribute to this decline through a negative impact on the entomofauna; a very important food source of meadow birds and especially of their chicks. The present study analysed the presence of 664 pesticides (including biocides and some metabolites) in soil, concentrated feed, manure and some fodder samples from 23 cattle farms in the province of Gelderland (the Netherlands). Furthermore, the presence of 21 anti-parasitic medicines in manure from storage facilities was analysed. For farms practicing field grazing, the number of dung beetles in field samples of fresh manure was determined and a potential relationship with the presence of pesticide residues was explored. Of the 23 farms included in present study, 22 participated in meadow bird protection schemes. A total of 129 different pesticides (including biocides and metabolites) was detected, of which 115 at the 15 conventional farms and 69 at the 8 certified organic farms. The average total amount of pesticide residues detected tended to be lower at organic cattle farms than at conventional farms; for organic concentrated feed this difference was significant at a factor of 3.7. A significant negative correlation was found between the estimated daily intake of insecticides by cattle through the consumption of concentrated feed and hay, and the numbers of dung beetles detected in fresh manure samples in the field. We discuss the most important insecticides detected in concentrated feed and hay, and conclude that their quantities in manure and feed, if compared with LR50 values, give a reason for concern. More research is needed to establish the role of agrochemicals in the decline of meadow birds.

A species diversity dataset of beetles by three passive acquisition methods in Tei Tong Tsai (Hong Kong)

We based the dataset in this paper on the beetle collection from the sample site of Tei Tong Tsai (Hong Kong) from 1st May to 28th May 2019, a period of high insect diversity. A total of 16,270 beetles (photographed in 318 images) from 478 species belonging to 39 families were collected. The dataset consists of the following components: The original photo of the whole sample obtained at each site with each collection method, the morphological species identification chart, a statistical table describing the species and numbers of beetles collected on different dates at different sites using three passive acquisition methods, and a statistical table describing the longitude, latitude, and altitude information of each sampling point. We aimed to provide a database for the evaluation of beetle species diversity in Hong Kong and a paradigm for the effectiveness of passive acquisition in the beetle collection through the three representative methods, thus laying a foundation for biodiversity research.

Факторы, оказывающие влияние на численность и пространственное распределение жужелиц (Coleoptera, Carabidae) в агроценозах с разным уровнем интенсификации агротехнологий

This paper describes the results of data analysis on species composition and population of ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in agrocenoses of spring wheat and corn at different levels of intensification in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia in the period of 2019-2021. The research was aimed at identifying correlating factors with the abundance of ground beetle communities and assessing their significance. The data analysis methods were specified with regard to the peculiarities of the structure and nature of the initial data distribution. Analysis of the population dynamics was performed for 20 species common and abundant for all agrocenoses (represented by dominants and subdominants). A position of the crop in the crop rotation was a significant factor for the agrocenoses of spring wheat, given that the distance from the steam increases the total biomass of vegetation due to weeds, as well as the number of pests, which probably forms more favorable conditions for the activity of ground beetles. Another correlation was also established between the index of dynamic density of ground beetles in wheat crops and the sum of active temperatures (t&gt;5 ºC), revealing the significant role of heat supply for poikilothermic organisms. The correlation between the index of dynamic density of ground beetles and the vegetation index NDVI values in corn pointed to the features of microclimate formation, given the biology of corn and the ability to build up a large volume of biomass already by mid-summer. No significant correlation between the technology of cultivation (level of intensification) and the dynamic density of ground beetles in agrocenoses was found. Therefore, the level of intensification (the use of crop protection agents and fertilizers regulated by the cultivation technology) does not have a significant effect on the number of ground beetles in the crops. Keywords: GROUND BEETLES, SPECIES DIVERSITY, COMMUNITY STRUCTURE, COMMUNITY DYNAMICS, AGROCENOSIS, INTENSIFICATION OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY

Seasonal Prevalence of the Invasive Longhorn Beetle Aromia bungii in Osaka Prefecture, Japan

Simple SummaryRecently, damage caused by the invasive longhorn beetle Aromia bungii in Rosaceae trees, such as ornamental cherry, peach, and Japanese apricot, has become a serious problem in Japan, indicating the need to establish an effective control program against the beetle. To determine the optimal timing for pest control, we surveyed the seasonal abundance of the adult beetle based on the number of adults sighted on host trees over 3 years at three study sites (one site from 2019–2021 and two sites from 2020–2021) in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. The field surveys revealed that adult appearance periods spanned 2 months (from June to August) and that the peak sightings occurred in late June. The adults were more abundant in the field in the early phase of the appearance periods. These results will help in the timely control of A. bungii adults to reduce their population density in the field. An optimal timing of application is near the peak day, which occurs in late June in Osaka Prefecture. Because seasonal adult abundance varies among regions, it is important to investigate each invaded region.A thorough understanding of the seasonal prevalence of invasive pests in newly invaded regions is key for establishing an appropriate and localized control plan for their successful eradication. In this study, we investigated the seasonal prevalence of the invasive longhorn beetle Aromia bungii (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. We determined the number of adult beetles sighted on host trees more than once a week from late May or early June to late August for 3 years at three study sites (one site from 2019–2021 and two sites from 2020–2021). The appearance period of A. bungii adults spanned over 2 months (June–August), and peak sighting in the field occurred in late June; the adults were more abundant in the early phase of their seasonal prevalence (around the peak dates) and almost disappeared by August. The number of adult beetles emerging from A. bungii-infested trees at one study site was surveyed daily in 2021. This survey showed a short-span adult emergence period: Approximately 1 month from the first emergence day, supporting the idea of the concentration of adult abundance in the early phase. These results will help to establish a timely pest-control plan for A. bungii in Osaka Prefecture.