Number Of Caught Research Articles

Interactive Effects of Climate Change‐Induced Range Shifts and Wind Energy Development on Future Economic Conditions of the Atlantic Surfclam Fishery

AbstractRising water temperatures along the northeastern U.S. continental shelf have resulted in an offshore range shift of the Atlantic surfclam Spisula solidissima to waters still occupied by ocean quahogs Arctica islandica. Fishers presently are prohibited from landing both Atlantic surfclams and ocean quahogs in the same catch, thus limiting fishing to locations where the target species can be sorted on deck. Wind energy development on and around the fishing grounds will further restrict the fishery. A spatially explicit model of the Atlantic surfclam fishery (Spatially Explicit Fishery Economics Simulator) has the ability to simulate the consequences of fishery displacement due to wind energy development in combination with fishery and stock dynamics related to the species' overlap with ocean quahogs. Five sets of simulations were run to determine the effect of varying degrees of species overlap due to Atlantic surfclam range shifts in conjunction with fishing constraints due to wind farm development. Simulations tracked changes in relative stock status, fishery performance, and the economic consequences for the fishery. Compared to a business‐as‐usual scenario, all scenarios with less‐restrictive fishing penalties due to species overlap exhibited higher raw catch numbers but also greater reductions in revenue and increases in cost after the implementation of wind farms. This analysis serves to demonstrate the response of the Atlantic surfclam fishery to combined pressures from competing ocean uses and climate change and emphasizes the potential for economic disruption of fisheries as climate change interacts with the evolution of ocean management on the continental shelf.

Every animal matters! Evaluating the selectivity of a Mediterranean bottom trawl fishery from a species community perspective.

Bottom trawl fisheries often catch several species simultaneously. However, most studies addressing the catch performance and selectivity of a specific trawl focus on a few commercially important or most vulnerable species requiring management measures. By contrast, the present study considers the multispecies nature of Mediterranean bottom trawl fisheries through a holistic approach that accounts for the full species community in the catches. Specifically, we evaluated and compared the catch performance of the two codends allowed for this fishery, made of 40 mm square (SM40) and 50 mm diamond (DM50) meshes. Results showed that 50 and 80% of the catch in weight and count numbers, respectively, consisted of species without commercial value, demonstrating that large proportions of the catch are not considered when using the existing approach to evaluate the ecological impact of the fishing activity. Significant differences in catch profiles between the two codends were observed, especially for two commercial flatfish species, Arnoglossus laterna and Citharus linguatula, with larger contributions in the SM40. Further, the SM40 codend had a significantly higher retention, compared to DM50 codend, for specific sizes of Merluccius merluccius and Mullus barbatus. The outcomes of the study can be useful for the Mediterranean bottom trawl fisheries management.

Study of Types and Production of Trap Net Fishery Fish based on Moon Phase in the Waters of Segeri District, Pangkep Regency, South Sulawesi Indonesian

The research was carried out in October-November 2020 in the waters of the Pangkep Regency. The data collected consisted of primary and secondary data, using direct observation in the field. Tidal observations were carried out in every moon phase for 2 x 24 hours. I collected data on the type and number of catches in each month’s phase. Tidal analysis using the criminal method and descriptive analysis of the types and quantities of trap net fish production (kg) and (Rp). The full moon phase is the highest tide at 185 cm and the lowest at 42 cm. The average sea level (mean sea level) is 113.5 cm. Types of trap net catch based on the moon phase in the waters of Sergei District, Pangkep Regency, identified 13 types of catches. The highest amount of fish production was obtained by the full moon phase of 100 kg, followed by the 80 kg dead moon phase, 95 kg early quarter moon, and 65 kg final quarter moon phase.

Recent harbour porpoise bycatch in gillnet fisheries in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada

Despite reduced fishing effort in many North Atlantic fisheries following collapse of fish stocks, concerns remain about levels of direct mortality of harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), primarily through incidental catches in fishing gear. Although harbour porpoise incidental catch is known to occur in several fisheries along the coast of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, there are no reliable quantitative estimates for the last decade when the commercial fisheries have undergone major changes in effort and target species. Based on incidental catch rates derived using different reporting methods, with net-days as measures of effort and fishing trips as sampling units, the potential number of incidental catches of harbour porpoises in several gillnet fisheries in Newfoundland waters was estimated for the years 2001, 2002 and 2003. Confidence intervals were calculated using re-sampling techniques. Incidental catches of small cetaceans were estimated to be 862 in 2001, 1,428 in 2002 and 2,228 in 2003 in Newfoundland gillnet fisheries; virtually all cetaceans reported were harbour porpoises. Annual estimates of incidental catch of small cetaceans varied greatly between fisheries and areas. Confidence intervals were large due to variation in reported incidental catch rates among individual fishers and geographic areas. Most small cetaceans were reported in the nearshore cod fishery, although there were also numerous reports of catches in nearshore fisheries for lumpfish, herring and Greenland halibut. Incidental catch of small cetaceans was also identified in offshore fisheries for monkfish, white hake and Greenland halibut. Most incidental catch events occurred during the third quarter of the year (July-September) along the south coast, although catches of harbour porpoises were also reported during the second and fourth quarters. Several strategies could be implemented to better monitor small cetacean incidental catch in Newfoundland and Labrador waters. However, harbour porpoise population estimates are required before it can be determined if this fisheries-related mortality occurring in Newfoundland is sustainable.

Development of a cost-effective, morphology-preserving method for DNA isolation from bulk invertebrate trap catches: Tephritid fruit flies as an exemplar.

Insect identification and preservation of voucher specimens is integral to pest diagnostic and surveillance activities; yet bulk-trapped insects are a diagnostic challenge due to high catch numbers and the susceptibility of samples to environmental damage. Many insect trap catches rely on examination of morphological characters for species identifications, which is a time consuming and highly skilled task, hence there is a need for more efficient molecular approaches. Many bulk DNA extraction methods require destructive sampling of specimens, resulting in damaged, or fully destroyed, voucher specimens. We developed an inexpensive, rapid, bulk DNA isolation method that preserves specimens as pinned vouchers to a standard that allows for post-extraction morphological examination and inclusion in insect reference collections. Our protocol was validated using a group of insects that are time-consuming to identify when trapped in large numbers-the dacine fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae). In developing our method, we evaluated existing protocols against the following criteria: effect on morphology; suitability for large trap catches; cost; ease of handling; and application to downstream molecular diagnostic analyses such as real-time PCR and metabarcoding. We found that the optimum method for rapid isolation of DNA extraction was immersing flies in a NaOH:TE buffer at 75°C for 10 minutes, without the need for proteinase K or detergents. This HotSOAK method produced sufficient high-quality DNA whilst preserving morphological characters suitable for species-level identification with up to 20,000 flies in a sample. The lysates performed well in down-stream analyses such as loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and real-time PCR applications, while for metabarcoding PCR the lysate required an additional column purification step. Development of this method is a key step required for upscaling our capacity to accurately detect insects captured in bulk traps, whether for biodiversity, biosecurity, or pest management objectives.

A field investigation of short-range dispersal by female Simulium damnosum s.l.

Female Simulium damnosum s.l. were caught at a site in a savannah zone beside the Mono River in Togo and at varying distances westwards perpendicular to it in an experiment to investigate short-range dispersal by the flies. The numbers of flies caught and the percentages that were parous decreased with increasing distance from the river, the latter suggesting that nulliparous flies disperse on average further than parous flies. The decreases were quantified using statistically significant multiple regressions involving distances from the river and the days since the start of the experiment because there was much day-to-day variation, probably attributable to the flies’ gonotrophic cycles. For future modelling purposes a relationship between numbers caught and distance alone was also estimated for both numbers caught and parous rates. Of the different members of the S. damnosum species complex identified in larval samples, S. damnosum s.str. predominated (66.7%), with S. squamosum accounting for 25.5% and the Beffa form of S. soubrense for 7.8%, proportions that were not significantly different from those of adults identified at the river and 10 km away. A small sub-sample of dissected parous flies showed that transmission was occurring at the riverside and at 10 km away from the river.

Abundance and temporal distribution of mullets caught in Merauke City Coastal Waters

The purpose of this study was to see the abundance and distribution of mullet during the day and night on the coast of Lampu Satu Beach and Payum Beach. This research was conducted in June-August 2020. Determination of the sampling points at the research location using purposive random sampling method. Data analysis used in this research is Relative Abundance (Kr) and Morisita Spread Index (Id). Catches found during the study were 268, with 3 species of mullet, namely Mugil cepalus, Mugil dussumieri and Rhinomugil corsula. During the day, the total number of catches is 148 while at night it gets as many as 120. The highest proportion value of relative abundance was obtained from the two stations, namely Mugil dussumieri species and the lowest was Rhinomugil corsula. The results of the calculation of the morisita distribution index during the day at both stations obtained a value of 1.008 (group). It is also found that at night the two stations get a value of 1.014, which means that at night it is a group category.

Length at first maturity and length at first capture for bullet tuna (Auxis rochei Risso, 1810) in the southern waters of Bali

Bullet tuna (Auxis rochei Risso, 1810) is one of the neritic tuna species which has the second largest number of catches after small pelagic fish. The high potential for neritic tuna has a risk of continuous fishing pressure. This study presents mainly two biological indicators, the length at first capture (Lc=L50%) and the length at first maturity (Lm50) of bullet tuna, based on the biological data collected from the southern waters of Bali from June to November 2021. Parameters and characteristics of biological aspects are expected to be useful in policies in determining the optimum catch size, restrictions on fishing effort and determining the optimum of mesh size to be used in commercial fishing. Biological sampling was conducted at Fish Landing Base Kedonganan Bali from the catches of the neritic gillnet. A total of 151 female fish and 95 male fish were studied. Fresh gonad samples were fixed and analyzed histologically by a paraffin method and Harris-Haematoxylin and Eosin staining. The results showed that the length at first capture (Lc=L50% = 20,1 cm) was significantly lower than the length at first maturity (Lm50 = 22,76 cm); this was indicating that the young fish (the immature and never spawn) were dominant in the catch and would lead to an overfishing status. It is recommended that the fishing efforts and gear selectivity of bullet tuna with neritic gillnets must better manage for the sustainability of the fish resources.

Efektivitas Pemanfaatan Rumpon Sebagai Alat Bantu Penangkapan Ikan pada Nelayan Lokal di Kelurahan Hamadi Kota Jayapura

Rumpon (Fishing Aggregating Devices/FADs) are fishing aids to lure fish to gather in an area. The use of FADs by Hamadi fishermen in Jayapura City is carried out by individual local fishermen with hand line fishing gear. This study aims to: 1) Know the composition of the catch (type and number of fish) on FADs, 2) Compare the effectiveness of FADs and fishing gear. This study used Qualitative and Quantitative Methods, data collection techniques consisted of a) Observation, b) Interview and c) Documentation study, analysis and to determine the composition of the catch, the effectiveness of FADs and the effectiveness of fishing gear. The results showed that the composition of the catch on FADs consisted of 19 species with 1,037 individuals per species, the highest species composition was found in Selar boops, which was 17.65% (183 individuals) and the lowest was found in Lutjanus Buccanella, namely 1.25% (13 individuals). . The highest effectiveness of assisted FADs was on Basic FADs, namely 60.46% (627 individuals) and the lowest on surface FADs, namely 39.54% (410 individuals), while the highest effectiveness of fishing gear used artificial bait, namely 53.81% (558 individuals) and the lowest was on natural baits namely 46.19% (479 tails). The conclusion is that the dominating fish species are Selar boops, bottom FADs are more effective than surface FADs, while the more effective fishing gear is using artificial baits.

PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI UFL PLUS (UNDERWATER FISH LAMP PLUS) DALAM MENINGKATKAN DAYA SAING USAHA PERIKANAN BAGAN PERAHU DI DESA MUARA TINOBU, KABUPATEN KONAWE UTARA

Muara Tinobu Village is one of the coastal villages located in Lasolo District, North Konawe Regency. The abundance of fishery resources is not accompanied by adequate use of light fishing technology, so that the number of catches obtained is erratic. The purpose of this activity is to increase the competitiveness of the bagan business by increasing the number of catches through the use of UFLPlus by attracting the arrival of fish so that they are easily accessible to small-scale bagan fishermen. Methods of activities carried out include: (1) Analysis of the situation, problems and needs of partners; (2) Material preparation; (3) Implementation of Training; (4) Application of UFLPus Technology in the Field; (5) Partner Knowledge Evaluation. The method of activities in the field is to use UFLPlus. The results are proven to be able to increase the catch by 2 -3 times from the use of surface lights. The results of community service activities are new knowledge and skills related to the use of UFLPlus technology, how to assemble and apply it to the actual environment, as well as a guidebook for using UFLPlus. The training materials provided include: (1) Counseling on the use of UFLPlus as a light fishing technology that can assist fishermen in fishing operations. This technology is used in fishing gear that operates at night. The use of light is thought to be most effective in gathering fish; (2) Methods of Assembly and Instructions or procedures for using UFLPlus, after the extension activities are carried out in which the material is delivered by the community service team and assisted by extension workers from the Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Service of North Konawe Regency, followed by question and answer activities regarding all matters related to light fishing and use of UFLPLus technology. The next activity was UFLPLus assembly training and producing 1 set of UFLPlus tools. The community service program can increase the income of fishermen and the competitiveness of the charter business in Muara Tinobu Village and other areas in North Konawe Regency. There was an increase in the number of catches by 2 to 3 times compared to if fishermen only used surface lights as usual. Training activities which include counseling, workshops and implementation of the use of UFLPlus which are equipped with guidebooks related to UFLPlus.

STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS IKAN HASIL TANGKAPAN JARING INSANG DI SUNGAI BATANG TEBO DESA BUNGKAL KECAMATAN TEBO TENGAH KABUPATEN TEBO

One of the largest tributaries in the Batanghari area is the Batang Tebo River which passes through Bungkal Village. Currently, the Batang Tebo River is a place for waste disposal, garbage, oil spills, and even the biggest illegal gold mining (PETI). This resulted in a drastic decrease in fishermen in Batang Tebo waters using gill nets. The purpose of the study was to determine the structure of the fish community in Batang Tebo from the catch when using gill nets. This research was started on April 18, 2022 - May 31, 2022, and is located on the Batang Tebo River, Bungkal Village, Tebo Regency. The researcher thus causes the survey method and random sampling as the data collection. Collection of data from this research activity included the structure of the community caught by fishermen using gill nets. The catch data includes fish size, fish weight, total fish weight, and the fish species. The supporting data collect environmental parameters (temperature, pH, current speed, brightness). The number of fish catches produced during the research activity reached 292, with the composition of the catch consisting of 5 species, namely: Baung Fish (Hemibagrus Menerus), Sand Lambak Fish (Labiobarbus Festivus), Lais Fish (Cryptopterus Sp), Kapiat Fish (Barbonymus schwanenfeldi), Juaro Fish (Pangasius polyuranodon). The highest catch was Baung fish many as 89 fish lowe catch was Juaro fish as many as 17 dominant index was 0.23. Community structure of fish caught by Baung Fish, Flat Lambak Fish, Lais Fish, Kapiat Fish, and Juaro Fish. Community structure of fish caught by Baung Fish, Flat Lambak Fish, Lais Fish, Kapiat Fish, juror fish. With diversity with medium, uniformity with (high), on dominance with (low), there are fish that dominate in the catch and are also supported by environmental parameters in the form of temperature, pH, brightness, and speed of current.

The Effectiveness of Underwater LED as a Fish Aggregating Device on a Fixed-Liftnet in Pangkep Waters

The rapid development of electrical technology in the field of fishing, especially utilizing the light to collect fish into the catchable area. Generally, Light emitting diode (LED) lamps for fishing are placed above the water surface. The success of this technology has become the basis for conducting experiments with the position of the lamp in the water to see its effectiveness as a fish collection device. The aim is to develop the application of light fishing technology by; (1) testing the effectiveness of using LED lights in collecting fish in the fixed lift-net catchable area to increase the number of catches; (2) assessing the quality of the catch, namely main and by-catch. The research was carried out in May-October 2022 in the Pangkajene and Islands Regency waters. The case method is one unit of fixed lift-net using 4 units of LED underwater lights with a power of 60 W. Data collecting with experimental fishing, namely following fishing operations for 40 trips. The parameters analyzed were the number and types of catches and the effectiveness of fishing gear based on fishing trips. The results showed that the catches types obtained were 15 species with 101.72 kg total catch. The number of catches is not significant, but the results of this study provide one hope, especially for Mitra fishermen. The innovation of LED underwater lights is new information that has good prospects as a more effective and environmentally friendly light capture device. Kata kunci: Lampu Celup LED, bagan tancap, Perairan Pangkep

IoT-Based Smart Fishing Gear for Sustainability of the Tanzania Blue Economy

The fishing industry engages many Tanzanians and is among the leading sectors of Blue Economy in the country. However, fishing practices are small-scale with poor and insufficient number of fishing facilities, hence limiting productivity and efficacy. Studies argue that the low level of technology currently used in the country could possibly be an impeding factor. Specifically, fishers use non-interactive gears that cannot instantaneously update status and alert them whenever the gears are ready for collection. In such scenarios, fishers not only waste their time but also scarce resources such as fuel to facilitate trips to and from the fishing sites to check status of the gears. Thus, the application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) could improve the production and lower operational costs is hypothesized. ICT solutions can help realize the processes with minimum human interventions while adding intelligence to the systems to make informed decisions and hence improve systems’ efficiency. In this work, an IoT based smart fishing gear that counts and records the number of fishes in the gear and then displays them on a mobile application is proposed. The system can send alerts to the user when the required number of fish is attained, and provides navigation support to localize the distant filled gears. Results show that the system can send the location of a given gear and timely update the number of catches via the mobile application.

Pengaruh Umur Bulan Terhadap Hasil Tangkapan Sero

Bambanipa Village is one of the villages in Palasa District, Parigi Moutong Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. Based on direct observations and interviews with local fishermen, the number of fishermen in the village of Bambanipa is 37 people. The research method used is descriptive and participatory. descriptive methods used are surveys and interviews. for data analysis using a randomized block design (RBD) model, with a mathematical formulation. During the research in the village of Bambanipa, the total number of catches was 318 individuals. With details based on the type of fish caught, namely Baronang (Siganus lineatus) 19 individuals, Grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) 1 individuals, Botana (Ctenochaetus striatus) 1 individual, Katamba (Lethrinus lentjan) 3 individuals, Dayah beard (Upeneus moluccensis) 3 individuals, Rengginan (Myripristis hexagonatus) 69 individuals, Tiger snapper (Plectorhinchus chaetodontoides) 2 individuals, Kuwe (Pseudocaranx dentex) 5 individuals, Black point snapper (Lutjanus fulviflamma) 3 individuals, Selar (Selar boops) 10 individuals, Sembilang (Euristhmus microceps) 200 individuals , 2 individuals of Cuttlefish (Sepia sp.).

Analysis of the Exchange Rate of Bubu Fishermen in Ketapang Village, Tangerang Regency, Indonesia

The study aimed to analyze exchange analyze the exchange rate of fishermen and analyze the factors that influence the exchange rate of fishing traps in Ketapang Village. This research was conducted from March 2022 to June 2022. Data collection was carried out from April 20, 2022 to May 15, 2022 in Ketapang Village, Tangerang Regency, Indonesia. The method in this study uses a survey method with interview techniques. The resources used are primary data and secondary data. Primary data includes fisherman profiles, fishing experience, characteristics of fishing gear and vessels, commodities and number of catches, as well as income and expenses in the fishery and non-fishery sectors of trap fishermen in Ketapang Village, Tangerang Regency. Secondary data were obtained from the District in Ketapang Village. Data was collected using purposive sampling technique with a total population of 15 samples. Data analysis in this study used quantitative descriptive analysis. Based on the results of the study, it can be seen that the average fisherman exchange rate (NTN) in Ketapang Village, Tangerang Regency is 0.76 or less than 1, meaning that Bubu Fishermen in Ketapang Village, Tangerang Regency have not been able to meet their household needs or in the sense of On the other hand, the amount of revenue is still lower than the amount of expenditure. The factors that influence the exchange rate of fishermen in Ketapang Village, Tangerang Regency are fishery product receipts and household expenditures.

Determinan Tingkat Pendapatan Nelayan di Kecamatan Tungkal Ilir Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that determine the income level of fishermen in Tungkal Ilir District, Tanjung Jabung Barat Regency. Primary data as the main data of this study, were collected by a survey method where the questionnaire was used as a data collection tool. The sampling method used is purposive sampling and the Slovin method is determined by the number of samples as many as 96 respondents. Descriptive statistics are used to describe the factors that determine fishermen's income and multiple linear regression models to analyze the determinants of fishermen's income. The results of the research show that: time fishing and operational costs have a negative coefficient sign, while the number of catches and prices are positive and simultaneously have a significant effect on fishermen's income. Partially, only the variable length of time at sea has no significant effect on fishermen's income. With a coefficient of determination of 90.6%, it can be stated that the research model is fit so that the independent variables in this study can be used as factors that determine fishermen's income.

Optimization of fishery resource management for the management of unemployment in North Halmahera Regency

This study aims to examine the optimal use of anchovy resources and the opportunities for available manpower needs in North Halmahera Regency, North Maluku Province. This study uses secondary data in the form of fish production and effort to catch and primary data on production costs and selling prices. This study uses a bioeconomic estimation model, namely the Fox model. The difference between this study and other studies is that the analysis does not end with knowing the optimal allocation of fishing gear used, but also converts it to labor in the utilization of anchovy resources. The optimal allocation of anchovies resources produces the optimal number of catches per trip that can be caught with the number of fishing gear, as many as 81 units of chart fishing gear. The number of optimal fishing gear in this study is more than in the current actual condition of 60 units, so it is still allowed to add nine fishing gear, or economically there is a chance of availability of 105 new workers.

A long-term view on recent changes in abundance of common skate complex in the North Sea

Following decades of declines, populations of large fish recently started to increase in the North Sea, presumably due to reduced fishing pressure. However, population recovery may be too readily claimed, since standardised sampling of fish stocks commenced only in the 1970s, well after many species had already collapsed. A true recovery must be seen from a long-term perspective. The critically endangered common skate (Dipturus batis, Rajidae) species complex is an example of a large-bodied fish that mostly disappeared before standardised monitoring took place. Here, we put the recent increase in population size into a 120-year perspective, throughout three geographical divisions in the North Sea. We analysed a large range of mostly undisclosed historical data and contemporary sources. A reconstruction of Dutch commercial landings data confirms that the species used to be very abundant between 1901 and 1920, and shows how it steadily declined from 1920 onwards until it got extirpated around 1970. Based on a quantitative analysis of standardised catch numbers from fishery-independent surveys time, we conclude that the current abundance of the species is still below historical baselines and represents a local recovery at most. We further demonstrate a prominent and consistent pattern in size distribution, with larger (mature) individuals only occurring in the northern North Sea. A large dataset on historical stomach contents from the central North Sea confirmed the diet of young common skate, which consisted predominantly of shrimps. Our review exemplifies the importance of marine historical ecology to deduce the natural richness of the North Sea.

Eksistensi UNCLOS 1982 dalam Upaya Penegakan Hukum Laut Internasional di Perairan Negara Pantai

The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 (UNCLOS 82) is an international treaty resulting from the United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea. The Law of the Sea Convention defines the rights and responsibilities of states in the use of the world's oceans and establishes guidelines for business, the environment, and the management of marine natural resources. The problems are: First, how is the existence of UNCLOS 82 in the efforts to enforce international maritime law in Indonesian waters? Second, how is the implementation of UNCLOS 82 on the Indonesia vs Tiongkok conflict in Natuna? The method used is normative juridical, with an approach to legal principles. while the data analysis is a qualitative juridical analysis, namely analyzing the identification of problems based on secondary data in the form of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. The results of this study are: First, the existence of UNCLOS 82 in efforts to enforce international maritime law in Indonesian waters is regulated in Article 37 (1) UNCLOS 82. Based on the provisions of Article 73 (1) of UNCLOS 1982, the coastal state in exercising its sovereign rights can board ships, examine, arrest and carry out judicial proceedings, as necessary to ensure compliance with the laws and regulations established by him in accordance with the provisions of the Convention. Furthermore, Article 73 paragraph (2) of Unclos 1982. The coastal state may be subject to court proceedings, as necessary to ensure compliance with the laws and regulations it has established in accordance with the provisions of this Convention. Second, the implementation of UNCLOS 82 in Natuna includes first, improving the capture fisheries licensing system and mechanism. The number of fishing vessels allowed to operate in a fishing area does not exceed the number of catches allowed (80% MSY) so that the capture fisheries business can take place profitably and sustainably.

Composition of Togok Catch in Kuala Tungkal, Tanjung Jabung Barat, Jambi

Togok is one of the fishing gear that is operated in Kuala Tungkal, Tanjung Jabung Barat Regency, this fishing gear is in the form of a conical net body whose arms are tied to two poles and the success of catching it relies on currents, togok fishing gear is used by Kuala Tungkal fishermen to catch rebon shrimp (Acetes japonicas) but in operation, there are many other types of catch. This study aims to determine the main catch, bycatch, and discards, and to determine the size as well as the number of togok catches. This research was conducted on April 5 – July 10, 2021. This research was conducted using experimental fishing methods, namely by conducting direct operations with local fishermen. The results of the study that the percentage of the catch of main catch by 28%, bycatch 51%, and discard 21%. For the size of the catch of togok species of shrimp (crustacean), there are many sizes that have reached maturity or are suitable for catching while in the catch of fish species there are many sizes that are not yet mature. And for the number of catches in the catch togok main catch amounted to 550800 tail, the catch of the bycatch 79281 fish, and the catch of the discard 10186 fish