NPPB Research Articles

Mediating effect of touch comfort between the proactive personality and professional benefits of obstetric nurses

Objective To explore the mediating effect of touch comfort between the proactive personality and occupational benefit of obstetric nurses. Methods A total of 160 obstetric nurses from five hospitals in Ningbo city from March to June in 2018 were selected by convenient sampling in this study. The General Information Questionnaire, Nurses' Comfort with Touch Scale (NCTS) , Proactive Personality Scale (PPS) , and Nurses' Perceived Professional Benefits Scale (NPPB) were used in the questionnaire survey. Totally 160 questionnaires were distributed and 152 valid ones were retrieved, yielding an effective recovery rate of 95%. Results The 152 nurses' total score in NCTS was (53.55±8.18) ; the PPS was (36.18±8.33) ; and the NPPB was (136.14±15.25) . Proactive personality and professional benefits were positively correlated with each other according to Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis (r=0.404, P<0.01) . The touch comfort score was positively correlated with their professional benefit score (r=0.532, P<0.01) ; the touch comfort score was positively correlated with the proactive personality score (r=0.387, P<0.01) ; the effects of the touch comfort played mediating role between the proactive personality and professional benefits, accounting for 35.51% of the total effect (P<0.01) . Conclusions The effects of the touch comfort played mediating role between the proactive personality and professional benefits, so that nursing managers should pay attention to the touch comfort of obstetric nurses, it can increase their sense of professional benefits and provide better services for patients and their families, and deepen the connotation of quality care. Key words: Nurses; Obstetrics; Professional benefit; Proactive personality; Touch; Mediating effects

Electro-pharmacological profiles of two brain mitoplast anion channels: Inferences from single channel recording.

We have characterized the conduction and blocking properties of two different chloride channels from brain mitochondrial inner membranes after incorporation into planar lipid bilayers. Our experiments revealed the existence of channels with a mean conductance of 158 ± 7 and 301 ± 8 pS in asymmetrical 200 mM cis/50 mM trans KCl solutions. We determined that the channels were ten times more permeable for Cl− than for K+, calculated from the reversal potential using the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equation. The channels were bell-shaped voltage dependent, with maximum open probability 0.9 at ± 20 mV. Two mitochondrial chloride channels were blocked after the addition of 10 µM DIDS. In addition, 158 pS chloride channel was blocked by 300 nM NPPB, acidic pH and 2.5 mM ATP, whereas the 301 pS chloride channel was blocked by 600 µM NPPB but not by acidic pH or ATP. Gating and conducting behaviors of these channels were unaffected by Ca2+. These results demonstrate that the 158 pS anion channel present in brain mitochondrial inner membrane, is probably identical to IMAC and 301 pS Cl channel displays different properties than those classically described for mitochondrial anion channels.

The effects of chloride channel inhibitor on bFGF-induced proliferation of lens epithelial cells

To study the effect of chloride channel on proliferation induced by basic-fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in human lens epithelial cells HLE B-3 (LEC). HLE B-3 cells at Logarithmic growth phase were incubated in the 6 or 96 well plate overnight and the proliferation was induced by 10 µg/L bFGF. The cells were divided into bFGF group treated with bFGF and the blank control group with the regular cells culture. LEC were treated with different concentrations of chloride channel inhibitors: 5-nitro-2-[3-phenylpropylamino] benzoic acid (NPPB) at 50, 100, 150 µmol/L and 4 , 4'-2 diisothiocyanostilbene-2, 2' -disulfonic acid (DIDS) at 10, 50, 100 µmol/L with bFGF or without bFGF in 10% serum for 24, 48, 72 hours. The cell viability and the drug toxicity were detected by CCK-8 colorimetric assay. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (Ki-67) of LEC treated with NPPB or DIDS were observed by immunocytochemistry staining assay. The phase change of cell cycle was examined by flow cytometry. Each experiment group and control group were compared using two-way ANOVA, further pairwise comparisons using LSD-t test or by the Independent-Samples t test. 10 µg/L bFGF induced LEC proliferation and the values of A stage were gradually declined with the increase of chloride channel inhibitors' concentrations and time at 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours (bFGF+NPPB group: Ftime = 305.28, Fconcentrations = 18.76, P = 0.000;bFGF+ DIDS group:Ftime = 94.44, Fconcentrations = 24.42, P = 0.000). Different concentrations of chloride channel inhibitor reduced the values of a stage with 10 µg/L bFGF in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The expression of Ki-67 was significantly lowered compared with the bFGF group (bFGF+NPPB group: 18.32% ± 1.23%, F = 580.3, P = 0.000;bFGF+DIDS group: 11.21% ± 1.02%, F = 507.4, P = 0.000), when 150 µmol/L NPPB and 100 µmol/L DIDS with 10 µg/L bFGF were added at 48 hours. After 150 µmol/L NPPB and 100 µmol/L DIDS treatment at the 48th hour, the rate of G1 stage was significantly increased (F = 390.754, P = 0.000), where as that of S stage decreased significantly (F = 166.240, P = 0.000). These results indicate that chloride channel inhibitors play an important role in modulating the proliferation cycle of LEC treated with bFGF by limiting the cell at cycle S/G1 stage from dividing into S stage.

Effects of chloride ion channel and its blockers on myocardial ischemia reperfusion arrhythmias in rabbits

To explore the impact of chloride ion channel and its blockers 4, 4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2, 2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS), cyanato-stilbene-2, 2'-disulfonic acid (SITS) and 5-nitro-2-(3-phenyl-propylamino) benzoic acid (NPPB) on arrhythmias caused by myocardial ischemia reperfusion. A total of 40 rabbits were divided into control, ischemia reperfusion, DIDS low-dose, DIDS high-dose, SITS low-dose, SITS high-dose, NPPB low-dose and NPPB high-dose groups. Myocardial ischemia reperfusion model was established by ligation of anterior descending coronary artery. And standard limb lead II of electrocardiogram (ECG) was continuously monitored during the experimental process. Then comparisons of heart rate, ECG P wave, R wave, T wave, ST segment changes and arrhythmias score were made between the above groups. During 30-minute ischemia, compared with the control group, all other groups showed significantly decreased heart rate ((199.8 ± 4.0) - (253.6 ± 2.1) vs (267.0 ± 3.4), all P < 0.01), elevated ECG P wave ((0.216 ± 0.019) - (0.356 ± 0.024) vs (0.186 ± 0.019), all P < 0.01), R wave ((0.564 ± 0.017) - (1.138 ± 0.048) vs (0.506 ± 0.018), all P < 0.01), T wave ((0.542 ± 0.013) - (0.856 ± 0.045) vs (0.278 ± 0.015), all P < 0.01) and ST segment ((0.326 ± 0.027) - (0.668 ± 0.054) vs (0.024 ± 0.023), all P < 0.01) and increased arrhythmia score ((1.4 ± 0.5) - (4.6 ± 0.5) vs (0.4 ± 0.5), all P < 0.01). Compared with the ischemia reperfusion group, the above indices significantly improved in the intervention groups (heart rate: (214.8 ± 3.4) - (246.8 ± 4.0) vs (199.8 ± 4.0), all P < 0.01; P wave: (0.216 ± 0.019) - (0.316 ± 0.011) vs (0.356 ± 0.024), all P < 0.01; R wave: (0.564 ± 0.017) - (0.980 ± 0.035) vs (1.138 ± 0.048), all P < 0.01; T wave: (0.542 ± 0.013) - (0.792 ± 0.026) vs (0.856 ± 0.045), all P < 0.01; ST segment: (0.326 ± 0.027) - (0.596 ± 0.018) vs (0.668 ± 0.054), all P < 0.01; arrhythmia score: (1.4 ± 0.5) - (3.8 ± 0.4) vs (4.6 ± 0.5), all P < 0.01). Among which, the DIDS group was the best, followed by the SITS group and then the NPPB group. And the high-dose subgroups were better than those of the low-dose subgroups. During 60-minute reperfusion, the decreased heart rate upswing significantly in each group and the elevated P wave, R wave, T wave and ST segment fell back gradually. The DIDS group showed the most obvious amplitude change, followed by the SITS group and then the NPPB group. And the high-dose subgroups were better than those of the low-dose subgroups. The arrhythmia score during reperfusion showed the same trend. Chloride ion channel is involved in the generation of myocardial ischemia reperfusion arrhythmia.Early application of chloride ion channel blockers DIDS, SITS and NPPB may improve the ECG manifestations and reduce the degree of reperfusion arrhythmia.

Mechanisms of regulatory volume decrease of human lens epithelial cells associated with hypotonic stimulation

Background It is widely appreciated that many animal cells rely on the mechanism of regulatory volume decrease (RVD) after swell under the hypotonic environment,which involved in some processes of cellular physiology.But the RVD of lens epithelial cells(LECs) still is being further researched.Objective Present study was to clarify the possible mechanisms and influencing factors in the RVD of LECs.Methods Human LECs line (HLE B-3)were cultured and passaged in DMEM/F12 containing 10％ fetal bovine serum(FBS),and before volume measurement,cells were stuck to the base of a perfusion chamber,Ringer solution osmolality was decreased from 15％Hypo to 45％ Hypo,and the cells stimulated by 45％ Hypo Ringer solution were used as the control group.Some experiments were performed in the presence of high extracellular K+ concentration,chloride or potassium channel inhibitor,experiments were also carried out in the nominal absence of Ca2+,Cl-or HCO-3 to test the effect of a decrease in intracellular concentration of these ions on the cell volume response.The volume changes of living cells were measured by lag-time microphotograph acquisition and analysis system (IPP6.0).Results Time course of cell volume change after hypotonic shock in HLE B-3 cells was observed.The cell swelling was followed by a gradual volume recovery,indicating the presence of RVD was influenced by the hypotonic stress.Under the stimulation of 45 ％Hypo Ringer solution,the rates of RVD were (59.1 ±7.8)％.RVD was correlated positively to the maximum cell volume (r =0.99,P＜0.05)in S shape,and RVD changes were sensitive to alter maximum cell volume in the range of 115％-135％.RVD reduced to (16.5 ± 1.6) ％,(14.7 ± 2.3) ％,respectively after acted by potassium channel inhibitor,TEA(10 mmol/L)and BaCl2(5 mmol/L)as well as chloride channel inhibitor,NPPB(100 μmol/L)and DIDS(100 μmol/L),with significant differences in comparison with the control group(all P＜0.01).RVD decreased by(5.8±1.6)％ and(2.7±0.8)％ in high concentration of K+ in extracellular fluid and the absence of Cl-(P＜0.01).RVD was significantly inhibited under the absence of Ca2+.When the 45％ Ringer solution was pH6.8,the process of RVD delayed.The rate of RVD in the first ten minutes was (0.86±0.24)％/min,showing a significant decline in comparison with (3.24±0.84) ％ / min of pH 7.4 (P ＜0.05).Conclusions HLE B-3 have RVD ability under the hypotonic stress stimulation.A certain intracellular Ca2+ concentration is the premise of RVD activation,and Cl efflux and K+ efflux are the key mechanism of RVD of HLE B-3.Acidic environment of hypotonic solution delays the occurrence of RVD. Key words: Lens epithelial cells; Regulatory volume decrease; Hypotonic stress stimulation; Cellular ion channel

Book reviews

Abstract Low Birth Weight by R Illsley and R Mitchell (Wiley) Parent-Baby Attachment in Premature Infants Edited by J. A. Davis, M. P. M. Richards and N. R. C. Roberton (Croom Helm & St. Martin's Press: £17.95 hb) Psychology and Gynaecological Problems Edited by Annabel Broome and Louise Wallace (Tavistock Publications np pb)