Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine Research Articles

Decomposition of a time series and forecasting on the example of PJSC Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine shares

Currently, questions about the implementation of economic and production activities are raised quite often, namely about the dynamically changing market. The relevance of the topic lies in the importance and need to adhere to a number of methods when analyzing time series. The article presents arguments justifying the decomposition of the time series and forecasting. The authors analyze the Elliott Wave Theory method and give an interpretation of the price movement. They also describe a number of advantages of technical analysis. The article provides statistical data on the practical application of the Elliott Wave Theory at the largest steel-producing plant in Russia – PJSC Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine. The researchers analyzed the trend of the shares of PJSC Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine and identified their real value in order to confirm the effective operation of the wave analysis.

РАЗРАБОТКА РЕКОМЕНДАЦИЙ ПО ПРИМЕНЕНИЮ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ ДЛЯ СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯ СИСТЕМЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ РИСКАМИ МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКОЙ КОМПАНИИ ПОЛНОГО ЦИКЛА ПРИ ПЕРЕХОДЕ НА ПРИНЦИПЫ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ПАО «НЛМК»)

The article presents the results of the conducted research on the possibility of using digitalization technologies to improve the risk management system of full-cycle metallurgical companies on the example of PJSC Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine (PJSC NLMK), arising during the transition of organizations in this industry to the principles of sustainable development. Variants of schemes for the use of technologies such as the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, blockchain, technologies for processing large amounts of data, cloud technologies, in the environmental, social and managerial risk management system (ESG-risks) are considered.

Selection of mixtures for 3D printing

Currently, the construction industry needs to reduce material and technical, energy, labor, and as a result, financial costs, reduce the risk of injury in the production process and improve the quality of finished products through mechanization and automation, increases interest in the possibilities of additive technologies in the construction of structures of buildings and structures. Every year, the volume of work on the construction of objects using 3D technologies is growing quite intensively and this is becoming more and more relevant. The high rate of construction, the lack of decking, the reduction of the possibility of design deviations, thanks to the accuracy of the 3D printer, the widespread use of curved structures, which allows not only to reduce stress, but also to increase the level of stylistic quality, all this creates a demand for additive technologies. This article presents the results of experiments that allow us to continue the development in the field of optimizing the composition of building mixes in experimental construction with the use of 3D printing, since in the Russian Federation, a direction in the field of research of building materials for additive technologies is emerging. This article presents the results of optimizing the composition of building mixes used for additive technologies for the Lipetsk region, since it includes blast furnace slag, which is a by-product of PJSC Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine. As a result of tests of the concrete mixture, it was found that the density is 1940.3 kg/m3, the setting time: the beginning — 3 hours 20 minutes, the end — 4 hours, the mobility of the cone immersion, 3.40 mm, the strength (28 days): compressed — 30.4 MPa, bending — 4.7 MРа. The data indicate that the resulting mixture has the necessary rheological properties and optimal setting times and can be used for the construction of buildings and structures using 3D printing. Thus, the results of this work will allow us to continue the development in the field of optimizing the composition of building mixes in experimental construction using 3D printing, since in the Russian Federation, a direction in the field of research of building materials for additive technologies is emerging.

АНАЛИЗ РИСКОВ МЕТАЛЛУРГИЧЕСКОЙ КОМПАНИИ ПОЛНОГО ЦИКЛА ПРИ ПЕРЕХОДЕ НА ПРИНЦИПЫ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ (ESG) НА ПРИМЕРЕ ПАО «НЛМК»

The article analyzes and comparatively assesses the risks of full-cycle metallurgical compa-nies on the example of PJSC Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine (PJSC NLMK) that arise during the transition of organizations in this industry to the principles of sustainable development. As a result of a comparative assessment of the analyzed risks, the dominant ones are determined by the degree of significance (danger) for the company. In the process of the organization's transition to ESG (environmental, social, governance) standards, it is recommended to manage these dominant risks as a priority.

Моделирование работы двигателя внутреннего сгорания на конвертерном газе

The possibility of utilizing converter waste gas from the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine (NLMC) PJSC in gas-piston units is considered for the first time. The existing process flow diagram illustrating operation of the gas exhaust duct of the converters is presented, and a version of modernizing the gas exhaust duct for collecting and purifying the gas is described. The operation of the internal combustion engine on natural gas at the nominal load is numerically analyzed. The operation of the engine on converter waste gas is simulated, and comparative characteristics of engine operation with fluctuations of the converter waste gas composition are presented. The simulation results have shown that the composition of gas has a significant effect on the internal combustion engine operation. The main performance indicators are degraded, a circumstance that points to the need of making changes in the engine design. The results from simulating variations in the converter waste gas composition have shown that during steady-state operation, the content of carbon oxide has the strongest effect on the engine power output, and that increasing the fraction of hydrogen in the mixture entails a drop of power output. A conclusion has been drawn about the possibility of utilizing the converter waste gas chemical potential in a gas-piston unit as applied to the NLMC’s converter department.

Effectiveness of Using High Gas Pressure in a Blast Furnace as a Means of Intensifying the Smelting Operation

This article refutes theoretical arguments that it is inexpedient to increase gas pressure in a blast furnace as a means of intensifying the smelting operation. The intensifying effect of higher gas pressure has been proven by the results obtained on three blast furnaces at the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine. The productivity of these furnaces increases by 0.7–1.2% for each 1% rise in top-gas pressure within the range 38–40%. It has been established that the increase in productivity is accompanied by an increase in head loss for the furnace as a whole. Head losses also increase by a ratio of 0.8:0.2 in the top and bottom of the stock, respectively.

Initial Results from the Use of Pulverized-Coal Fuel in Blast Furnaces

A complex designed to prepare pulverized-coal fuel (PCF) and inject it into blast furnaces at the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine is described, and initial results are reported from the successful introduction of the PCF injection technology on 2000- and 3200-m3 blast furnaces.

Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine: the Long-Term Growth Strategy

On November 7th, it will be 80 years since the first ton of pig iron was tapped at the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine. Over its eight decades, the combine has gone from being the site of the only blast furnace in Russia to Russia’s largest producer of high-added-value steel and metal rolled products – it accounts for 21% of all steel made in Russia.

Rolled Product with Polymer Coating: Improvement of Corrosion Resistance

The main aim with which zinc and polymer coatings are applied to rolled product is improved corrosion and atmosphere resistance. An increase in coating resistance requires a high level of technology development and use of high quality materials. Data for different forms of coating, including those produced by the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine, and comparative evaluation of their resistance are provided.

Sinter Production at the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine: Traditions, Innovations, Growth

The Novolipetsk Metallurgical Plant was built in the 1930s and made foundry iron for machine-building plants, but during the 1960s and 1970s it became a metallurgical combine having the most modern and largest sinter plant and blast furnaces in the USSR. Equipment modernization and improvements to the technologies that are used increased the productivity of the sinter plant by 25%. The productivity of the combine’s blast furnaces has increased 20% thanks to an improvement to the quality of the coke and sinter during 2013–2014, and the new blast furnace Rossiyanka, built in 2011, is setting a new record for productivity – 87–89 tons/m2 per day.

Practical and Theoretical Research on the Sintering Process

The Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine (NLMK) has collaborated with leading scientific-research institutes and scientists in the area of sinter production for decades. The combine’s sinter plant has been used to conduct many factory tests, and the results of those tests have helped refine and advance the theory of the main processes which take place during the sintering of iron-ore-bearing materials. The theoretical gains have in turn facilitated the introduction of a number of effective technologies. 1. Charging of the mix onto the sintering machine. During the 1980s and 1990s, several foreign sinter plants that sinter coarse-grained charges began to abandon the practice of two-layer charging that had been used on the sintering machines at the NLMK and the West-Siberian, Cherepovets, and Karaganda metallurgical combines. The change from twolayer charging brought about marked increases in sinter production, which led to study of the effect of different factors on the performance of the sintering machines at the NLMK with the use of two-layer and one-layer charging [1, 2]. This was the first such study for sinter plants that operate on iron-ore concentrates. The factory tests established the following [1]: 1) the unit gasdynamic resistance of the bottom third of the lower layer of a two-layer charge is 1.8 times greater than that of the middle third and 4 times greater than that of the top third. Thus, the factor which limits sintering rate is not the boundary layer (although it makes its own negative “contribution”), as was stated in [2]. Instead, the limiting factor in this case is the lowest part of the bottom layer; bulk density in this part is greater and the high-temperature range is broader than in the overlying parts of the layer; 2) the average gas-pressure gradient in the lower half of the bottom layer of the charge is about 70% of the total resistance of the layer; 3) the transition to one-layer charging increases the sintering rate by 10%, which confirms that there is a net improvement in the gasdynamic structure of the layer; and 4) the content of the ‐5-mm fraction in the skip sinter rose by 0.2 abs.%.

Stages in the Long Journey of the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine

Stages in the Long Journey of the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine

Evaluating the Efficiency of Blast Furnaces and the Prospects of Blast-Furnace Smelting

The productivity of a blast furnace is determined by the gas permeability of the stock and the amount of gas formed for each ton of pig iron that is made, i.e., it is determined by the amount of fuel consumed and the oxygen content of the blast. The indices used to characterize the unit productivity of blast furnaces and the smelting rate inside them per square meter of their volume formally depend on the height of the furnace. It is incorrect to use these indices to compare the performance of furnaces which are of different volumes. Use of the indices by the authors of [3] to compare smelting rates on blast furnaces in the 1940–1950s and modern furnaces led them to conclude that smelting rate is not increased by increasing the furnace’s topgas pressure and enriching the air blast with oxygen. In order to objectively compare the efficiency of blast furnaces that differ in volume, it is necessary to use unit-productivity and smelting-rate indices that are calculated for each square meter of the cross section of the hearth. The methods currently used to operate blast furnaces at the Nizhniy Tagil Metallurgical Combine and Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine show that as long as the coke and iron-ore-bearing charge materials which are used are of acceptable quality, raising the top-gas pressure and the increasing the oxygen content of the blast make it possible to achieve record values for blast furnaces’ productivity and smelting-rate indices.

Smelting Indices of a 2000-m3 Blast Furnace at the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine During its Blow-In After a Class-II Overhaul

It is proposed that the smelting rate in a blast furnace during its blow-in be determined based on the time it takes to melt the charge which is used to fill the furnace and the smelting rate that is based on the total amount of carbon which undergoes combustion in the furnace.

Experience with Stabilization of the Chemical Composition of Sinter by Means of the MAYA on-Line Analyzer

The raw materials used to make sinter vary in their composition, which is one of the main obstacles to stabilizing the iron content and basicity of sinter. Automated real-time monitoring of the chemical composition of those materials with the MAYA laser analyzer made by the company Laser Distance Spectrometry makes it possible to obtain information on these parameters in the on-line regime and use them for real-time correction of charge composition. An automated system for flux-batching that was developed at the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine on the basis of the MAYA laser analyzer is making it possible to stabilize the composition of the sinter. The use of more stable sinter in turn leads to a reduction in coke use in blast furnaces.

Innovative technologies for metal-shaping Results from an MISiS Conference Commemorating the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of P. I. Polukhin

The international scientific-technical conference Innovative Technologies for Metal-Shaping was held at the Moscow State Institute of Steel and Alloys (MISiS) on October 18‐20, 2011. The conference was held in observance of the 100th anniversary of the birth of Professor, Doctor of Engineering Sciences, Academician of the Kazakh SSR, and Hero of Socialist Labor P. I. Polukhin. Representatives of 47 different organizations attended the meeting, among them being specialists from large Russian metallurgical concerns such as the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine, Severstal Metallurgical Plant, Sinarsky Pipe Works, and Pervouralsk New Pipe Plant. Also in attendance were representatives of leading European metallurgical companies (ThyssenKrupp Steel, SMS Siemag AG, KOCKS, ArcelorMittal, Siemens, etc.), leading metallurgical and technical universities in Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Germany, and Poland, scientific research organizations and companies, and publishers.

Use of electric-arc metallization to recondition the working surfaces of the narrow walls of thick-walled slab molds

Two new technologies have been developed to lengthen the time between repairs of the narrow walls of thick-walled slab molds used on continuous casters: the use of electric-arc metallization to apply a coating to the most worn sections after disassembly of the mold and milling of the working surface of these walls; reconditioning of the most worn sections of the working surface of the narrow walls without disassembly of the mold. The technologies have been successfully tested at the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine and the Severstal plant.

Effect of the quality of the iron-ore-bearing raw materials and coke on the performance indices of blast furnaces at the Novolipetsk metallurgical combine

Results are presented from an evaluation of the effect of the quality of the iron-ore-bearing raw materials and coke on the performance of blast furnaces at the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine. It is shown that the technical-economic indices of the smelting operation are improved by increasing the pellet content of the charge, the basicity of the sinter, and the sinter’s content of the ‐5 mm fraction. An analysis of the performance of the blast furnaces on coke with a hot-strength index CSR = 40‐60% confirmed the qualitative and quantitative effect of this index on furnace productivity and coke consumption. The analysis also showed that the magnitude of this effect depends on smelting rate and the basicity of the furnace slag.

New technologies and equipment in Gipromez projects to improve the quality of steel

In 2007–2008, the company Gipromez developed plans for the construction of ladle-furnace units and steelvacuum-degassing units in the converter shops at the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine and the electric steelmaking shop of the Oskolskii Electrometallurgical Combine. Another Gipromez project of interest is the casting-rolling mini-mill being built in the town of Yartsevo (Smolensk Region). In 2008, the company completed a feasibility study of organizing the production of hot-rolled strip at the Lysva Metallurgical Plant in order to provide the plant with its own high-quality starting strip for the subsequent application of corrosion-resistant coatings.

Analysis of the behavior of alkalis in a blast furnace

The average monthly alkali balances for a 3200-m 3 blast furnace are used to evaluate the effect of the furnace’s intake of alkalis on its performance indices. A method is proposed for evaluating the amount of alkalis removed from a furnace with the sludge and water from the gas-cleaning system. The effect of the main parameters of the smelting operation on the rate of removal of alkalis from the furnace is examined, and it is shown that all of the alkalis which enter the furnace can be removed if it is operated with a well-developed central gas flow and low-basicity slags. The alkalis that enter a blast furnace with the charge materials have an adverse effect on the furnace’s performance, decreasing the hot strength of the coke, weakening the refractory lining, and facilitating the formation of slag crusts in the furnace, scaffolding, and burning of the tuyeres. All these developments ultimately increase fuel consumption and reduce the productivity of the furnace. The amount of excess coke consumed due to the entrance of alkalis into the furnace may be as high as 33 kg for each additional kilogram of these compounds [1]. All this points to the need to limit the intake of alkalis by blast furnaces as much as possible ‐ to no more than 2.5‐3.0 kg/ton pig iron. Many years of experience and the results of studies [1‐5] show that most alkalis are removed from the furnace with the slag. The amount removed in this manner increases with a decrease in the slag’s basicity and temperature. It should also be mentioned that the quantity of alkalis leaving a blast furnace with the slag decreases when the furnace is operated with an underloaded periphery [3]. In this article, we examine the effect of different operating parameters of a blast furnace on the amount of alkalis removed from it. Alkali Balances. A preliminary analysis of the average monthly alkali balances for blast furnace No. 6 at the Novolipetsk Metallurgical Combine (NLMK) during a 12-month period (Table 1) showed that the imbalance reaches 20‐30% (rel.). This might be related to the fact that the furnace is not equipped to monitor the amount of alkalis that leave the furnace in the top gas ‐ this amount can reach 8‐20% [3, 5, 6]. Most of the alkalis are dissolved in the water of the gas-cleaning system. To refine the data on alkali balance, we statistically analyzed the complete alkali balances on four blast furnaces during the period 1989‐1991. We also used data from the publications [3, 5, 6]. Based on this information, we obtained an empirical relation linking the quantity of alkalis dissolved in the water of the gas-cleaning system and the quantity removed with the top dust: R 2 O gcw = 11.842·R 2 O td ; R 2 = 0.6911,