Noun Suffixes Research Articles

Meanin g of borrowed noun suffixes in the Ukraini an language

Meanin g of borrowed noun suffixes in the Ukraini an language

MORPHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF AFFIXES IN IMAGINE DRAGONS LYRICS

This study was implemented to analyze the form of affixes’ changes in three Imagine Dragons songs as a study source for intermediate English students. This study applied qualitative corpus analysis initially the data results are presented in tabular form. Indeed, presented a detailed description of the data found. This research used document analysis to collect data where documents were taken from electronic form specifically at the website address lirikterjemahan.id. The results of this study show 39 words that have an affixation process in three songs, 35 (89,7%) inflectional affixes, and 4 (10,3%) derivational affixes were found. First, inflectional affixes do not change the part of speech but change the grammatical function belonging to the suffix –s as plural, -es as plural, -‘s as possessive, -ing as progressive (continuous), and -ed as past. Second, derivational affixes that can change the part of speech belonging to noun suffixes change the word to a noun in the suffix –ness, -dom, -er, and adjective suffixes change the word to an adjective in the suffix -less.  Keywords: Morphology, Derivational affixes, Inflectional affixes, Song lyric

A Contrastive Analysis Between English And Indonesian Noun Suffixes In The Hortatory Text

The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the contrast between English and Indonesian noun suffixes in hortatory texts. It investigates the linguistic patterns and semantic nuances conveyed by these suffixes in both languages. Through comparative analysis of hortatory texts. This research method uses qualitative literature study. This study highlights how the choice of noun endings influences the persuasive impact and rhetorical strategies used in each language. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of cross-linguistic variation in hortatory discourse, offering valuable insights for language learners and educators

Derivational Noun Suffixes Found in Dive Studios YouTube Channel Entitled “How Did I Get Here?”

In this research concerns with derivational noun suffixes in the Dive Studios YouTube Channel entitled “How Did I Get Here?” episode 1. The method that used in this research descriptive quantitative method to identify the types and the progress of derivational noun suffixes that found in the data source. This research found 57 data in total that found in the data source. By using theory from Plag (2002) this theory claims there are twenty-two types of derivational noun suffixes there are -ness, -age, -al, -ship, -an, -ance, -ing, -ion, -ant, -ism, -ist, -cy/-ce, -ity, -ment, -dom, -ee, -eer, -(e)ry, -ess, -ful, -hood, -er. But in this research only found five suffixes out of twenty-two. And in this study were found five types of derivational noun suffixes: -ing, -ion, -ment, -ful, and -ist.

The Morphological Analysis of Inflectional Plural Noun Suffixes Found in Catharsis Novel by Anastasia Aemelia

Novel is a long narrative story that describes the specific human experiences in their life as depicted by the portrait of the characters. A novel that is written by Anastasia Aemilia entitled Catharsis talks about the story of a troubled young woman with special gifts and heavy burdens. Observing inflectional suffix aims to enrich the language learners’ vocabulary especially noun in plural forms. This qualitative research focuses on the analysis of inflectional plural noun suffixes that are found in the novel entitled Catharsis. This study is also analyzed based on the theory that proposed by Katamba (1993) regarding to the research problem which about the types of inflectional plural noun suffix. The results that are found 681 data that contain inflectional suffixes. Those data are divided into 3 categories namely 646 data (95%) of plural noun suffix (-s), 28 data (4%) of plural noun suffix (-es), and 7 data (1%) of plural suffix (-ies).

“Ukrainian orthography” and total feminization

Ukrainian “feminine” nominalization is distinguished by its richness and diversity, embodied by multilevel linguistic means Soviet linguistics has a considerable number of works devoted to the nomination of women. Over the past decade and a half, the idea of discrimination against women has been spreading and growing in Ukraine as a noticeable and threatening phenomenon in the Ukrainian community. According to supporters of the movement against this injustice, overcoming inequality and achieving a fair balance is possible through the feminization of the Ukrainian language. Their means of achieving this goal are the thoughtless creation and imposition of femininized words without regard to the laws, rules, and norms of the Ukrainian language, and their consistent disregard for them. The article presents the status and content of Part 4 § 32 “Orthography âook of Noun Suffixes” of the new edition of the Ukrainian îrthography. In particular, the attention is focused on manipulations with the îrthography itself and its corresponding interpretation in the context of current total feminization of the Ukrainian language. In addition, this part in terms of its compliance with the purpose and general objectives of the îrthography code is analyzed in this article. The article identifies that the form and content of the biggest part of them do not meet the criteria of scientificity, its title contradicts the content (it concerns only the word formation of feminine nouns), and, accordingly, this part does not fulfill the general task of ensuring the unification of spelling norms. These and other features are un doubtedly grounds for removing this part from the îrthography book. Keywords: gender, discrimination, feminine gender, suffix productivity, word formation, feminine, feminization, masculine gender.

A national cultural peculiarity of suffix word formation

Language is constantly developing, and the study of changes in the language's vocabulary is an important task of linguistics. The modern English language is characterized by the constant formation of new words. The suffix system of modern English has been actively and fruitfully studied by both domestic and foreign linguists; a significant number of works have been written considering certain aspects of the suffix system of the English language. However, the language changes over time, and its structure partially changes. The existing theoretical knowledge becomes insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to identify new, modern trends that have been observed in recent decades. The article is devoted to the patterns of the use of noun suffixes in modern English. Also, in this article, the concept and types of word formation as one of the ways of enriching the language are studied. Thanks to the use of live suffixes, it will be easier to enrich your vocabulary. Suffixes are easily distinguished as word-forming elements. They are suffixes. They are used to form new words. The productivity of the suffix depends on how many formations they give. The article provides examples of suffixes of the actor and ways of formation from different parts of speech. Most often, nouns and verbs with the addition of suffixes are used for word formation at the base of the word. In addition, this article examines the definitions and approaches to defining the concepts of new words. New words formed by the suffix method are investigated. The most productive ways of forming new words are analyzed and identified. The principles of morphemic analysis of the basics are considered. Semantic and grammatical functions of the suffix morpheme are defined. The productivity of suffixes of modern English is studied. The process of distribution of suffixes by parts of speech is revealed.

The variance of word-forming suffixes in conversational person names based on external features

This article addresses the issue of quantitative and qualitative manifestations of variance of wordforming suffixes in the names of persons motivated by noun names of the body parts and adjective names of some of the external excessive corporeal markers. For the first time, the paper ascertains historically formed and the most complete composition of specific noun suffixes leading to the rise of the equivalent and mostly cognate names of persons with respect to actualized external features of their body. The author discusses the ability of all names of human body parts and some names of corporeal external qualitative features to be combined with the different number of word-forming suffixes within the common word-forming meaning which allows for forming six-, four-, three-, and two-variant series. In this paper, І determine the actualized feature each variant series is based on, indicate a number of its variant suffixes, and account for their ratio in terms of productivity and functional and stylistic use. The main hypothesis is that it is the stylistically reduced nature of variant names of persons based on appearance which led to their predominant use in the colloquial usage and language of Ukrainian fiction. As a necessary part of the account, we provide evidence from literary works in Ukrainian translations which attest to a noticeable intensification in the above-mentioned names use. A rather broad reflection of these variant appellatives in Ukrainian surnames shows a characteristic feature of Ukrainian mentality, namely the differentiation of the outside world subjects due to the preferred corporeal related markers. Keywords: variance of word-forming suffixes, names of persons by external features, variant series, common names, surnames

Localización y contabilización de sufijos nominales en corpus de aprendientes de español como segunda lengua

This study aims to analyze and to record the number of words with noun suffixes in a corpus produced by learners of Spanish as second language. Obtaining the suffix index is of utmost importance to draw conclusions about both, the number of nominalizations and the percentage of occurrences coincident with Spanish suffixes as well as idiosyncratic forms. The study is based on the theoretical framework of the interlanguage hypothesis within the theories of second language acquisition and the latest research on automatic handling of errors in Spanish corpus, particularly lexicons. The text corpus is divided in groups according to the proficiency level of the students, who have different native languages. Regarding the methodology, the Nooj system will be used so as to identify the terms that have noun suffixes, and then two different statistical techniques will be implemented to measure the data: the non-parametric test of Wicoxon for independent samples and the non-parametric test of Kruskal-Wallis. The obtained results will show substantial differences in the use and distribution of Spanish noun suffixes among the corpus that do not share the same level of proficiency. Indeed, a significant increase in matching nominal suffixes will be found in the intermediate level sample as compared to the initial level. However, the examined corpus will not show considerable differences in two other cases: existing suffixes in Spanish not combinable with bases and non-existent suffixes.

A Corpus Study of the English Suffixes -ness and -acy: Productivity, Genre, and Implications for L2 Learning

Despite substantial scholarship relating to word structure (Anderson, 2018), for English affixes the relationship between productivity, genre, and second language (L2) learning remains unclear. Analysis of the existing literature reveals that deadjectival noun suffixes (i.e., nouns derived from adjectives such as appropriacy or goodness) have been underexamined. To address this gap, we examine two rival suffixes, -acy and -ness, through the lens of Construction Morphology (Booij, 2010), considering numerous factors which might condition their varying usage. Critically, corpus data in the Corpus of Contemporary American English and the British National Corpus (Davies, 2008-) reveal the importance of considering these affixes’ productivity in relation to genre, since -acy is especially frequent in academic texts, principally within certain social sciences. The implications for learners and teachers of English as a second language are discussed, particularly higher-level learners building communicative competence in academic contexts, along with a preliminary learner corpus comparison of the two variants.

A corpus-based list of academic English derivational suffixes

The study reported in this paper aims to create a list of academic English derivational suffixes to help EFL teachers decide which derivational suffixes to be taught first and help their learners, especially those of higher education, expand their vocabulary size. Gardner and Davies’ (2014) 3,000-word list of Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) academic was analyzed following Hay (2002) and Plag’s (2006) frameworks by counting the number of words containing the suffixes. This study found 1,251 suffixed words in the corpus deriving from 41 suffixes, which comprise 22 noun suffixes, 13 adjectival suffixes, 4 verbal suffixes, and 2 adverbial suffixes. The suffixes were then ordered into 3 levels based on the frequency; 22 suffixes are put in Level 1, 12 suffixes in Level 2, and 7 suffixes in Level 3. Considering the high frequency, all suffixes in Level 1 should gain more attention of the teachers. The more frequent occurrence of the suffix in a variety of context will provide a greater chance for the learners to get more exposure. Hence, mastering it will likely expand learners’ vocabulary size through combining the suffix and existing base.

The acquisition of noun inflection in Northern Pame (Xi'iuy): Comparing whole word and minimal word accounts.

The study used naturalistic data on the production of nominal prefixes in the Otopamean language Northern Pame (autonym: Xi'iuy) to test Whole Word (constructivist) and Minimal Word (prosodic) theories for the acquisition of inflection. Whole Word theories assume that children store words in their entirety; Minimal Word theories assume that children produce words as binary feet. Northern Pame uses obligatory portmanteaux prefixes to inflect nouns for class, number, animacy and possessor. Singular nouns constitute 90 percent of the nouns that the children hear and yet all five two-year-old children frequently omitted the singular noun prefixes, but produced the low frequency noun suffixes for dual and animate plural. Neither the children's production of the noun-class prefixes nor their prefix overextensions correlated with the adult type and token frequencies of production. Northern Pame children constructed Minimal Words that contain binary feet and disfavor the production of initial, extrametrical prefixes.

Production of noun suffixes by Turkish-speaking children with developmental language disorder and their typically developing peers.

Turkish has a rich system of noun suffixes, and although its complex suffixation system may seem daunting, it can actually present a learning opportunity for children. Despite its unique features, Turkish has not been studied extensively, especially in the case of children with language deficits, such as developmental language disorder (DLD). Most of the extant studies are focused on bilingual children, and the results are somewhat mixed. To focus on the noun morphology system of Turkish-speaking preschoolers with DLD and compare their use with that of two groups of typically developing (TD) children. Moreover, to investigate the nature of their noun suffix errors in detail. We report data from a total of 80 monolingual children, 40 children with DLD (age range = 4;0-7;10), 20 TD age-matched children (4;0-7;3) and 20 younger mean length of utterance (MLU)-matched children (2;0-4;3). The data for this study came from language samples obtained from children in individual clinical assessment sessions. The children with DLD made less use of noun suffixes than both the younger and the age-matched TD children. The use of the unmarked (nominative case) form in place of an overt suffix was the most likely error by all groups. Suffix-change alternations required beyond vowel harmony seemed to pose real problems for these children. These results suggest that even when a language appears to provide significant advantages for the learning of noun morphology, children with DLD do not succeed in closing the gap. Certain factors such as morphophonological changes beyond vowel harmony, multiple allomorphs for the same suffix type and accusative suffixes that are not uniformly applied in the adult input were found to be significant predictors of the DLD group's difficulty with noun suffixes. Because these same factors can serve as characteristics of other languages, a child's difficulties might seem to be language specific (e.g., a particular allomorph in the language), but may actually be based on a broader difficulty (e.g., dealing with multiple allomorphs for the same suffix). Accordingly, factors that transcend a single language should be considered during clinical assessment and therapy. What this paper adds? What is already known on this subject? The current literature on the use of noun suffixes by Turkish-speaking children with DLD is very limited. Although Turkish is often described as a learner-friendly language, the degree to which children with DLD enjoy these learning benefits is unknown. What does this paper add to existing knowledge? Turkish children with DLD are less accurate in noun suffixes than both age-matched and younger control groups. For this group, the central problem seems to be increased complexity in morphophonology rather than difficulty with suffixation more generally. What are some of the clinical applications of this study? For clinicians who work with Turkish-speaking children with DLD, priority should be given to morphophonology. These children would benefit from treatment that focuses on how to attach different allomorphs to different open-class words. Because factors such as morphophonological complexity operate in other languages, the findings have broader clinical implications. In particular, regardless of the target language, clinicians should consider the possibility that these broader factors, rather than language-specific details, are the basis for a child's difficulty.

Humilifics in Mabzhi pastoralist speech of Amdo Tibetan

AbstractPoliteness strategies using specific word forms and morphemes are well known in Tibetan, in whichhonorificexpressions are in the majority. However, for Amdo Tibetan the politeness register is less well known. In this paper, the humilific politeness system of Mabzhi Amdo Tibetan is discussed in terms of ten morphologically-formed types, eight types of noun suffixes (/-ŋən/, /-tɕhəl/, /-tɕhəχ/, /-choχ/, /-ɦdəx/, /-ʈʋ̩/, /-rgen/, and /-ʂti/), and two adjective types (/ʔa xha ma/ and /nɖanɖa/), as well as suppletion. In addition, the article discusses both the use and misuse of humilifics providing case examples from natural conversation settings as well as a crosstalk (kha shags) performance to illustrate how humilifics are deployed, treated, and evaluated in the contemporary world of Mabzhi Tibetans.

Construction of the Uyghur Noun Morphological Re-Inflection Model Based on Hybrid Strategy

In this paper, a hybrid strategy of rules and statistics is employed to implement the Uyghur Noun Re-inflection model. More specifically, completed Uyghur sentences are taken as an input, and these Uyghur sentences are marked with part of speech tagging, and the nouns in the sentences remain the form of the stem. In this model, relevant linguistic rules and statistical algorithms are used to find the most probable noun suffixes and output the Uyghur sentences after the nouns are re-inflected. With rules of linguistics artificially summed up, the training corpora are formed by the human–machine exchange. The final experimental result shows that the Uyghur morphological re-inflection model is of high performance and can be applied to various fields of natural language processing, such as Uyghur machine translation and natural language generation.

СОПОСТАВИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ КАТЕГОРИИ ИМЕНИ СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОГО В ОРОЧОНСКОМ И ЭВЕНКИЙСКОМ ЯЗЫКАХ

The current article presents the results of the Orochon noun categories study (number, declension and possessiveness) and their formation patterns. The study showed that as in other Tungusic languages, affix is the main morphological indicator of grammatical forms in the Orochon language. The data resulting from the comparison of Orochon and Evenki noun categories reveal the proximity of the grammatical systems of two genetically similar languages. The category of number of the Evenki and Orochon languages demonstrates the correspondence of formation of singular and plural noun forms. No special morphological indicator is used for Orochon and Evenki nouns in singular. The plural noun suffixes are similar. Case suffixes in the accusative, dative, directive and local case of the Evenki and Orochon languages are equivalent. Correlation of suffixes of the possessive nouns of the 1-st and 3-rd person singular and plural is proven. The reflexive suffixes in Evenki and Orochon reveal complete similarity in the singular and partial similarity in the plural.

Derivational and Inflectional Morphemes: A Morphological Analisis

This study was intended to describe the category of inflectional and derivational morphemes found in Reading Texts of 2013 Curriculum English Textbook for the X Grade of Senior High Schools Published by Ministry of Education and Culture. Morpheme is used to refer to the smallest unit that has meaning or serves a grammatical function in a language. The morphemes which can meaningfully stand alone are called free morphemes while the morphemes such as –er and –s, which cannot meaningfully stand alone are called bound morphemes. The design of this study was descriptive qualitative. The results of this study show that Derivational prefixes consist of inter-, eco-, un-, ar-, pre-, re-, pro-, be-, de-, in-, dis-, a-, ex-, auto-, mis-, agri-, em-, ap-, im- and al-. While, Derivational suffixes consist of four categories. Thus are nominal, verbal, adjectival, and adverbial suffixes. First, nominal suffixes, namely –ism, -ation, -al, -ing, -ist, -or, -ity, -er, -ance, -ment, -ion, -ess, -ium, -ature, -ry, -ant, -ce, -ive, -cy, -y, -r, -ge, and -ness. Second, Verbal suffixes, namely –n and –ize. Third, Adjectival suffixes, namely –al, -ly, -ous, -ing, -able, -ic, -ish, -ive, -ian, -ny, -less, -ed, -ary, -nese, -y, and –ful and the last is adverbial suffix –ly. Otherwise, the categories of inflectional morphemes that found in texts consist of Noun suffixes (plural) such as; –s, -ies, and –es, Noun suffixes (possessive) e.g; –s’ and -’s, Verb suffixes (3rd person singular) are –s and –es, Verb suffixes (past tense) are –ed and –d, Verb suffixes (past participle) such as; –n, -d, and -ed, Adjective suffixes (comparative) are –er, - r, and –ier and Adjective suffixes (superlative) are –st and –est. Therefore, based on the result of finding verb suffixes are not found.

Imenički sufiksi u Dijalektima istočne i južne Srbije Aleksandra Belića u svetlu najnovijih istraživanja/Noun Suffixes in Aleksandar Belić’s Eastern and Southern Serbian Dialects in Light of New Research

This article presents, confirms, and adds to Aleksandar Belic’s observations on morphological and semantically differential noun suffixes in the Prizren-Timok sub-dialects in his work Dijalekti istocne i južne Srbije (Eastern and Southern Serbian Dialects, 1905). Many of them preserve old features of Serbian. Attention is drawn to the manner of semantic and formational interpretation of nominal derivations in studies carried out after Belic, specifically in line with the latest requirements of semantic and formational analysis.

Hindi nominal suffixes are bimorphemic: A Distributed Morphology analysis

This paper provides a Distributed Morphology (DM) analysis for Hindi nominal (noun and adjectival) inflection. Contra Singh & Sarma (2010), I argue that nominal suffixes contain two morphemes – a basic morpheme, and a restrictedly distributed additional morpheme. The presence of two different morphemes is especially evident when one compares noun and adjectival inflectional suffixes, which Singh & Sarma (2010) do not, since they only look at noun inflection. I also show that the so-called adjectival inflectional suffixes are not limited to adjectives, and may occur on nouns, provided the noun is not at the right edge of the noun phrase. On the other hand, the regular noun inflection is only limited to nouns at the right edge of the noun phrase. This is demonstrated using a type of coordinative compound found in Hindi. Then, I take the fact that nouns can take either the regular noun inflection or the so-called “adjectival” inflection as motivation for a unified analysis for both sets of suffixes. I demonstrate that after undoing certain phonological rules, the difference between the “adjectival” and regular noun inflectional suffixes can be summarized by saying that the additional morpheme only surfaces in the regular noun inflectional suffixes. Finally, I provide vocabulary entries and morphological operations that can capture the facts about the distribution of the various basic and additional morphemes.

Boosting Students' Vocabulary through Index Card

There are thousands of words in English. Learning these words is a big problem for students of English. However, there are ways to solve this problem. One way is to become familiar with the process of word formation. This process enables students to understand how a word is formed. This analysis is in important and useful to learn because they are very commonly used in English. Developing some skills in taking words apart will help students better understand what they read, what the meaning ofa word, and finally increase students vocabulary.One way to learn word formation is through index card games. These games will help students learn how a word is constructed in various ways, and even stimulate them to initiate making new word or sentences using their own interest.The writers have conducted action research to use the index card to improve the students vocabulary. To get more successful achievement, the writes limit to teach suffixes only, namely Verb suffixes. Noun suffixes. Adjective suffixes and Adverb suffixes. For one semester, the writers teach suffixes using index cards in different models, such as Match it, Challenge it. Winsor Loses.The result shows that students may improve their vocabulary mastery (70%), uphold students motivation (60%), build confidences to speak (40%),generate classroom energy (30%), recognize word formation process (70%), participate in class discussion (25%), and & get better class attendance. From the result above, the-writers believe index card is very useful to improve students vocabulary, particularly in word formation.