Notion Of Culture Research Articles

Georgii Fedotov as a Theologian of Culture

The article discusses the notion of culture as it appears and is conceptualized in the works of G.P. Fedotov. The analysis focuses on two articles by Fedotov published in Russian migr journals, "The Holy Spirit in Nature and Culture" of 1932 and "Eschatology and culture" of 1938, and in his magnum opus in a Western context, The Russian Religious Mind of 1946. The author proposes to analyze Fedotov's ideas as a theology of culture due to the profoundly religious meaning the Russian migr thinker attributed to cultural products and production, regardless of their religious intention. By implication, Fedotov understood culture in a religious framework as the human experience of and response to the divine, though not necessarily as dependent on firm belief. Viewing Fedotov as a theologian of culture enables us, furthermore, to compare him with other thinkers across the West-East cultural gradient, most notably Paul Tillich. This approach contextualizes Fedotov in a post-Schellingian pan-European idealist tradition, to which Russian thinkers' analyses of religious experience and imagination have made seminal contributions, in particular from Vladimir Solov'ev on. The article discusses these issues within the framework of the perspectives of global intellectual history, entangled history ( histoire croise ), and transnationalized Russian studies.

The Cultural Formulation Interview-Generating distance or alliance? A qualitative study of practice changes in Danish mental healthcare.

This article presents provider experiences with the Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI) in Danish mental healthcare for migrant patients. Semi-structured interviews with 17 providers and 20 recorded CFI sessions were analyzed with a constructivist grounded theory approach. Based on our empirical material, we endorse the CFI's ability to facilitate working alliance and a profound and contextually situated understanding of the patient. Further, the CFI supported less-experienced providers in investigating cultural issues. Conversely, we found that CFI questions about cultural identity and background evoked notions of distance and 'othering' in the encounter. Nine providers had felt discomfort and professional insecurity when the CFI compelled them to introduce explanatory frameworks of culture in the mental health assessment. Eleven providers had experienced that the abstract nature of the questions inhibited patient responses or led to short and stereotypical descriptions, which had limited analytical value. We describe the contradictory CFI experiences of alliance versus distance at three levels: 1) at the CFI instrument level; 2) at the organizational level; and 3) at the contextual and structural level. We demonstrate benefits and pitfalls of using the CFI with migrants in Denmark, which is an example of a European healthcare context where cultural consultation is not an integrated concept in health education programs and where the notion of culture is contentious due to negative political rhetoric on multiculturalism.We suggest that the CFI should be introduced with thorough training; focus on fidelity; and supervision in the clinical application and understanding of the concept of culture.

Pathways from sociocultural and objectification constructs to body satisfaction among women: The U.S. Body Project I

Objectification theory proposes that widespread sexualization causes women to engage in surveillance of their appearance. We integrated this concept into a model with constructs from the tripartite influence model, which proposes that body dissatisfaction is a result of internalizing cultural notions of thin ideal beauty that stem from family, peer, and media appearance-related pressures. We tested this model with an online sample of 6327 adult women. Specifically, we tested whether these pressures predicted increased thin-ideal and muscular-ideal internalization, leading to greater body surveillance, and in turn lower appearance evaluation and body image quality of life. Structural equation modeling supported many aspects of the model. Family, peer, and media pressures related to higher thin-ideal internalization, which related to higher body surveillance and lower appearance evaluation. Peer and media pressures related to higher muscular-ideal internalization, which related to lower appearance evaluation. However, muscular-ideal internalization was not related to body image quality of life. An indirect relationship emerged between thin-ideal internalization and body image outcomes via body surveillance. Body mass index (BMI) moderated several of these model paths. Findings highlight the value of this integrated sociocultural model, and of BMI as an important moderating factor when examining objectification and tripartite influence models.

Examining selective migration as attitudinal fit versus gay migration

Gay migration is a popular culture notion that lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people move from places that are not gay-friendly to places that are gay-friendly. Such migration may reflect person-environment fit, and it may be comparable to other types of person-environment fit that may rely on attitudes. The present research examines psychological mechanisms underlying LGB and straight people's migration in search of fit, based on sexual orientation, sexuality attitudes, and contextual cues to gay friendliness. In Study 1, we leveraged a very large, ecologically valid internet sample to examine real-world migration, and in Study 2, we experimentally manipulated gay culture to examine desire to migrate. Both studies provide evidence for person-environment fit moderated by sexual orientation: LGB people largely migrated to gay-friendly places regardless of their own sexuality attitudes, whereas straight people migrated to places that matched their sexuality attitudes. We discuss the implications of these findings for LGB people's health and well-being, demonstrating the importance of fostering gay culture as it relates to fit and belonging among LGB people.

#ActuallyAutistic: Using Twitter to Construct Individual and Collective Identity Narratives

Employing Critical Autism Studies and Narrative Analysis, this project examines how autistic Twitter users engage in narrative meaning-making through social media. By analyzing the hashtags #ActuallyAutistic and #AskingAutistics this project broadly explores how individuals construct identity when lacking access to positive representations and identity communities. Answering the research question, “How do autistic people construct individual and collective identity narratives through Twitter?,” findings indicate that autistic Twitter users use their social media presence to build virtual learning communities. Common knowledge about autism is often oversimplified and highly medicalized. Therefore, autistics use Twitter to make meaning of their experiences that are not represented within cultural notions of what it means to be autistic. Autistic Twitter users reject medicalized narratives by contesting stereotypes, flipping negative narratives into positive stories, re-inscribing “deficiencies” as beneficial, and resisting rehabilitation and “cure.” Users do important social activist work by building strong autistic communities in ways that counter current negative representation, constructing positive self-affirming individual and community identities and resisting eugenic notions that autistic people are “less valuable.”

From secrecy to openness: sexual satisfaction in couples from The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints

Research on sexual satisfaction does not always account for religious populations that may only engage in sexual experiences with one partner throughout the lifespan. Scales for assessing sexual satisfaction have been developed from generalized inclusion criteria that do not accurately represent highly religious communities, such as members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (Latter-Day Saints). Researchers conducted a phenomenological study exploring contributing factors to sexual satisfaction within the Latter-Day Saints community. Twelve heterosexual couples (n = 24) took part in semi-structured interviews centered on sexual satisfaction in their relationships. The results were categorized into 7 themes: individual well-being, consistency, satisfaction with context of the sexual experience, positive perception of partner’s experience, emotional connectedness, overall relationship satisfaction, and openness to sexuality. Special attention was given by participants to the role of openness in sexual satisfaction and the need to transform the cultural notion of secrecy around sexuality. The implications of this study should be considered by mental healthcare professionals working with individual or couple clients identifying as members of the church who report sexual difficulty.

Julie Fraser and Brianne McGonigle Leyh (eds), Intersections of Law and Culture at the International Criminal Court

Notions of culture raise important issues for a global court like the International Criminal Court (hereinafter ‘ICC’ or ‘the Court’). Since the adoption of the Rome Statute in 1998, there has been a rising awareness over questions of culture in the everyday workings of the Court. Intersections of Law and Culture at the International Criminal Court, edited by Julie Fraser and Brianne McGonigle Leyh, is a welcome contribution, examining the critical junctures of law and culture in the role of the ICC and its mandate to put an ‘end to impunity’1 globally through international criminal justice. The volume is timely, released a few months before the election of the new Prosecutor Karim Khan, who now has an opportunity to reflect on past achievements through a cultural lens and to point to ways forward. The editors, experienced practitioners of and researchers on international criminal law and transitional justice, have...

Agents of Ishq and Contemporary Discourses on Sex and Sex-Education in India

Abstract This paper examines Agents of Ishq, an online site/project seeking to create a space for the public discourse of sex and sexuality in India, with particular attention to a single music video that is part of the project. The content produced by the project is informed by idioms of Bollywood films and film-music. The paper draws on the notion of popular culture to see how meanings are encoded within the video productions and explores the politics of representation of these audio-visual and textual resources. It also briefly examines the effect that being hosted on a digital platform, freely accessible at any time and from any location, (rather than as part of traditional and broadcast media) has on the content produced by Agents of Ishq. It examines the need for the proliferation of pedagogical resources of this kind and, at the same time, draws attention to the ways in which they need to be critically problematized in terms of the cultural hegemonies they may run the risk of reinforcing.

Post-Covid: What is cultural theory useful for?

This short piece explores what cultural theory should learn from the experience of the global pandemic. It argues that the main lesson should not be about how the crisis of the pandemic has been interpreted culturally, but about the deep social and economic inequalities which were foregrounded through the experience of ‘getting by’ in the pandemic, which positioned people in very different ways. So dramatic have been those inequalities, that any inherited notion of culture as something shared need to be definitively abandoned. This had already been anticipated in Ulf Hannerz’s deconstruction of holistic notions of culture three decades ago, but it needs now to be acted on, as we seek to confront honestly the growing inequalities which make the normal order of everyday life possible.

The puzzle of sharing scientific data

ABSTRACT Government funding entities have placed data sharing at the centre of scientific policy. While there is widespread consensus that scientific data sharing benefits scientific progress, there are significant barriers to its wider adoption. We seek a deeper understanding of how researchers from different fields share their data and the barriers and facilitators of such sharing. We draw upon the notions of epistemic cultures and collective action theory to consider the enablers and deterrents that scientists encounter when contributing to the collective good of data sharing. Our study employs a mixed-methods design by combining survey data collected in 2016 and 2018 with qualitative data from two case studies sampled within two scientific communities: high-energy physics and molecular biology. We describe how scientific communities with different epistemic cultures can employ modularity, time delay, and boundary organisations to overcome barriers to data sharing.

“El Viudo De Pescado”

“El Viudo De Pescado”

Ethics and Diversity: Doing the Right Thing?

Purpose: This tutorial reviews the complexity of issues and definitions around topics of diversity. The impact of diversity and cultural responsiveness are presented in the context of ethics in the practice of speech-language pathology, audiology, and speech-language-hearing-swallowing sciences. Method: Concepts discussed include culture, cultural sensitivity and responsiveness, and perceptions of the terms minority and majority, among others. Available resources on ethics, changing paradigms, and clinical practice are shared. Guiding professional documents are also cited and practical examples included. Conclusions: The road to cultural responsiveness or sensitivity is one of engaging in active learning and exploring. This tutorial provides some thoughts and tools for connecting ethical practices with the provision of culturally sensitive/responsive services, be they clinical, academic, or research oriented. It us up to the professional, or the reader, to initiate an exchange or practice that is devoid of cultural bias or stereotyping. Awareness of the many factors that impact the connection between the professional and the patient/client/student is of great relevance when striving to provide culturally sensitive services. The reader will gain an expanded notion of culture and diversity in the personal and professional contexts.

The Intercultural Hermeneutics of Lamin Sanneh

Abstract The article examines the work of African historian Lamin Sanneh (1942–2019) on Christianity and world cultural process with a view to teasing out his intercultural hermeneutics and highlighting his contribution to World Christianity. Sanneh was one of the few historians and scholars of religion to recognize that the Enlightenment induced Christianity detached the notion of culture from Christian religious mooring. He also drew attention to the fact that Christianity has been used as a metanarrative to foster exclusion and therefore developed an intercultural hermeneutics as a counterforce. He insisted correctly that the Gospel of Christ, in its purest form, comes unclothed in a cultural garb. Thus, this paper argues that it was in fostering a historically-minded view of culture through emphasis on Bible translation and vernacular language that Sanneh resolved the dichotomy between religion and culture and made his major contribution to World Christianity.

Book Review of Zeavin's The Distance Cure: A History of Teletherapy

Teletherapy refers to a range of mental health services facilitated at a distance by the use of different communications media. In The Distance Cure, Hannah Zeavin critically examines the history of teletherapy as a scholar of communications, culture, and technology. Her analyses show how cultural notions of what is therapeutic as well as practices and relations between clients and counsellors have been transformed by changes in media.

Introduction to the Special Issue: Far from Colorblind. Reflections on Racialization in Contemporary Europe

European history is to a significant extent also a history about racialization and racism. Since the colonizers of past centuries defined boundaries between “civilized” and “savages” by applying value standards in which the notions of race, ethnicity, culture, and religion were interwoven and imposed on human beings perceived as fundamentally different from themselves, racialization became deeply inherent in how (white) Europeans viewed the world, themselves, and others. In this Special Issue, we assume that colonialist racialization constitutes the base of a persistent and often unreflective and indirect racism. Implicit value systems according to which white people are automatically considered as more competent, more desirable, preferable in general terms, and more “European” translate into patterns of everyday racism affecting the self-image and life chances of white and non-white Europeans. In this introductory article, which defines the conceptual framework for the special issue, we contest the idea of a “post-racial” condition and discuss the consequences of ethno-racial differentiation and stigmatization for racialized groups such as Black Europeans, European Roma, and non-white migrants in general. Finally, we argue for the need to further problematize and critically examine whiteness.

Clarifying Cultural Safety: its focus and intent in an Australian context

The nursing/midwifery professions are facing a sea change with the inclusion of cultural safety in the Code of Conduct for Registered Nurses [Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. (2018a). Midwife standards of practice. Retrieved January 30, 2021, from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/codes-guidelines-statements/professional-standards.aspx], the Code of Conduct for Midwives [Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. (2018b). Code of conduct for nurses. Retrieved January 30, 2021, from https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/codes-guidelines-statements/professional-standards.aspx], the Registered Nurse Accreditation Standards (Australian Nursing and Midwifery Accreditation Council. (2019). Registered Nurse Accreditation Standards. Retrieved from https://www.anmac.org.au/), and the Midwife Accreditation Standards [Australian Nursing and Midwifery Accreditation Council. (2021). Midwife Accreditation Standards. Retrieved from https://www.anmac.org.au/standards-and-review/midwife]. In this paper, we focus on the theme of enabling cultural safety seeking to overcome the barrier of confusion surrounding it. The inclusion of cultural safety in codes and accreditation standards highlights the pressing need for these professions to attain deep understanding of cultural safety so that clinicians and educators can confidently practice and teach in this area. This need is underscored by the context of heightened awareness, that developed amongst mainstream Australians with Black Lives Matter in 2020, of inequity including health inequity. Our concern as academics responsible for staff development, curriculum development and implementation in university Schools of Nursing/Midwifery is to enable and support the teaching and practice of cultural safety. Its focus on working in partnership, addressing power imbalances, racisms and related systems of discrimination constitutes it as a vastly different model to cultural other-awareness and notions of cultural competency which have held sway on matters of culture in health service provision up to now. Our approach was to undertake a reflection on our combined decades of studying, leadership, teaching, and practice of cultural safety, which consistently showed the confusion in Australia about the model overall and about the definition of culture underpinning it. This paper supports the profession by addressing the need to educate academics and clinicians on cultural safety itself and on the role of all nurses/midwives, Indigenous and non-Indigenous, in these endeavours. This paper encourages a coherent development and confident implementation of cultural safety curriculum and practice to meet current requirements.

Applying the Country of Origin Effect in Teaching a German-Austrian Business Case

A merger of two airlines from Germany and Austria presents an opportunity for students to reflect on notions of cultures and business cultures, and then to begin to think critically about biases and stereotypes inherent in the country of origin effect (COE). While the country of origin is defined by where a consumer perceives a product to be from, regardless from where it may actually originate, the COE influences consumer purchases and perceptions. This influence, while seemingly coming from positive traits associated with the country, can also perpetuate stereotypes and false monolithic views of culture. This article presents a business case about the merger of Austrian Airlines and Lufthansa as part of a larger class unit consisting of six 50-minute course periods designed for the intermediate German post-secondary classroom. The case study presented here uses the concept of COE to examine how the nation and culturally driven goods and services may also uphold stereotypes as well as consumer and marketer biases. This current study looks at culture and language learning, cultural assessment standards and their suggested outcomes, and recent criticisms of these models in a global context. As part of the business case unit activities, students reflect on print and video advertising to develop written descriptions, to read an image, and to state an opinion—all with the goal of engaging critically with notions of culture used in travel industry marketing and branding. The purpose of this project is to embed critical readings for students of both a national culture and a monolithic German business culture early in the curriculum.

Concepts of Culture: Histories and Genealogies

Abstract Research directions in the communication between cultures need to reflect on and account for their understanding of or notions of culture. It behooves researchers of (trans-, cross-, inter-, or comparative) culture to be aware of an influential range of major concepts of which each has a complex and nuanced history. Very few ideas of culture have been entirely superseded by later ones; most are relevant also for intercultural lines of questioning. Since new research often seeks an orientation within particular approaches to culture, this brief and historically oriented overview, designed to complement studies that introduce the specific logic of a systematic treatment or definition of culture, may be helpful in providing relevant clues. In 14 conceptual differentiations, this overview traces the development from early sources that consider what we would now think of as “macro” cultural systems, including the body politic, to intermediary notions of plurality and of unconscious mental patterns, to current constructivist frames, postmodern multiple identities, and the “undoing of culture.” This treatment aims to provide a textually elaborated review of how human thinking about culture has evolved, in order to document and guide more nuanced understandings of the genealogy of concepts that specific approaches or studies may presuppose or even take for granted.

К ВОПРОСУ ОБ ЭВОЛЮЦИИ ИСКУССТВА В XX-XXI ВВ.: КУЛЬТУРОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ

Art, its role, ways of creation, translation and perception have undergone significant changes in the course of the last century. In general, one can talk of aestheticisation of culture, which could not but have a certain impact on art. The departure from “classical art” began already in the epoch of modernism. The “digital turn” has contributed to new hypostasis of art in culture. The virtual medium has introduced new, unprecedented opportunities both in technical and spiritual aspects. Artworks have become more accessible to the general public, with a possibility of user intervention in creative process and the use of artificial intelligence therein. The phenomenon of cyber art has emerged, requiring profound culturological analysis. The use of digital technologies in creation of artworks actualises the issue of constraints of artificial intelligence potential in creative process as well as the problem of ethical and aesthetic content of works created by neural network with the use of algorithms and other digital technologies. In this regard, the notion of mosaic culture is important – as consisting of disparate elements, lacking consistency and integrity of perception and cognition. The mosaic culture refers one to the concept of “rhizome,” reflecting as well the consumer-oriented aspect of the mass culture. Therefore, this entails a danger of replacing the unique nature by mainstream values, and, moreover, of transformation or even loss of the original ontological and axiological sense of the artwork.

Understanding new media and participatory culture: Well-being or ill-being?

This article deals with participatory culture through the prism of new media, identi-fied as standard with the development of information and communication tech-nologies (ICT) and information technology (IT). These technologies (co-)constitute the foundation of the network society, also referred to as the information society, and influence the economy and - undoubtedly - the cultural sphere. The main re-search problem posed in this article concerns reflections on participation patterns mediated by the new media in the context of psychological well-being and its op-posite the state of ill-being. This task requires a redefinition of the notions of par-ticipatory culture and new media and the adoption of specific determinants of well-being and ill-being, which - unlike in the case of the psychology of happiness - is concretised through sociologically understood categories of redistribution and recognition.