Notion Of Predicate Research Articles

ACTANTS OF THE THEMATIC GROUP OF PREDICATES OF IRRATIONAL STATE ACQUISITION IN THE UKRAINIAN, ENGLISH AND GERMAN LANGUAGES

The study presents predicate-actant modeling as one of the means to research the semantic structure of irrational vocabulary in the Ukrainian, English and German languages. The author singles out the group of predicates to denote the process of irrational state acquisition in chosen languages. The research specifies the notion of predicate and actant in the aspect of functional syntax. The paper reveals semantic roles of participants of irrational situation. The study researches actants of the mentioned thematic group of predicates according to their syntactical expression, communicative rank and taxonomic class in semantic structure of irrational vocabulary in each of the compared languages. The author states predicate-actant relations for mentioned thematic group of predicates within the irrational situation. The paper defines following research of semantic structures of irrational vocabulary in comparative aspects.

Entre la "locación" y la "colección": sobre las propiedades léxicas de una proposición bivalente

This work constitutes a descriptive research on lexical values extracted from the lexical semantics of the preposition entre. The double “Location-Collection” property that presents this preposition is directly linked with the notion of Predication in such a way that justifies the relationship between constituents of locative nature and arguments who is described a situation or position "local", as well as the predicative value of the ‘collective’ categories, which express a mode of manifestation of the “entities” from a "group" distribution. Therefore, 'Location' and 'Collection' allow be considered as lexical features interrelated and they involve the acquisition of a "positional" interpretation in constituents of predicative nature. Thus, both the analysis of prepositions and 'locative' adverbs as the classification of the nouns and 'collective' phrases must be described in terms of their syntactic behavior.

Embedded wa-phrases, predication, and judgment theory

Topic marking with the particle wa is a prevalent phenomenon in Japanese, and it is generally considered a root phenomenon, as its appearance is much more restricted under embedding. While it has been pointed out that there are some types of embedded clauses that allow wa-phrases, relative clauses present the most restricted linguistic environment for the particle. This exceptional restrictiveness cannot be attributed to a general constraint on wa in embedded contexts. Adopting Kuroda’s (Japanese syntax and semantics, 1992) theory of wa-marking, I argue that the restriction on wa in relative clauses is a result of the clash between two distinct notions of ‘predication’; the general understanding of the term relevant to the predicate abstraction process in a relative clause and Kuroda’s notion of predication, which is structurally manifested in a sentence with wa. Specifically, the lack of wa-marking in relative clauses is due to the illicit abstraction process that crosses over wa-phrases. It will be shown that the analysis has many consequences beyond relative clauses. In particular, it explains the wide scope tendency of topic phrases and the distribution of wa in as diverse sentence types as wh-interrogatives, scrambled sentences, cleft sentences, and clausal comparatives.

Semantic presuppositions in logical syntax

There are two implicit semantic postulates underlying modern predicate logic. Hence predicate logic is not semantically neutral. The author proposes to take semantically neutral languages, which have no predicate categorial structure but replace the notion of predicate with general notion of function. Some function calculi for different semantics are demonstrated.

Verbes Supports Et Opérateurs Dans Les Constructions En A Voir à Un Ou Deux Compléments

Many studies are available on the relationship between verbs and the substantives derived from them by nominalization. The concept of support-verb may lead to a redefinition of the notions of predicate and argument. This study is an extension of such an approach, where the substantives involved in certain avoir constructions are not morphologically related to a verb. The systematic description and classification of those substantives takes into account the types of complements they accept (especially locative) and their presence in other constructions, such as those with verb être.

Aristotle on Predication

IN DEALING with the Greek Philosophers we tend to take the notion of predication for granted: we tend to assume that we have the right to use the term 'predicate' without question, in discussing the theories put forward by e.g. Plato and Aristotle. An example of this tendency is the common assertion that Plato held that the Forms were self-predicable. While this assertion may be in some sense true, it does assume that the notion of predication may be taken for granted. This assumption is, perhaps, partly due to a further assumption that the notion of predication is a logical or even grammatical notion, and that Plato and Aristotle must therefore have seen its importance and employed it accordingly. I wish to question that assumption in Aristotle's case. I have already questioned it in connection with Plato,' saying that Plato was continually trying to account for what we should call predication in terms of notions akin to that of identity. It is tempting to assume that because Aristotle had the term 'predicate' at his disposal, he must have known all about the notion. It is moreover, a feasible suggestion that in Aristotle 'xzcTryopeZv' is a technical term the origins of which are obvious. The use of the phrase '=T-nyopeZv -r xcx rtVo4' stems from legal contexts; it thus comes to mean 'to maintain or assert something of something' and it perhaps retains something of an accusatorial aura. But while the use of the phrase implies that Aristotle knew in sonme sense something about what it is to assert something of another thing, it does not inmply that he could ipsofacto provide the correct theory about it. What is true is that the trend of Aristotle's metaphysical thought led him towards a view of predication which involved treating it as something much more than a mere grammatical notion. My fundamental reasons for doubting whether Plato and Aristotle really understood predication is that they were, as Speusippus was not, realists, in the sense that they embraced a realist theory of meaning. They believed, that is, that the meanings of words are real entities existing independently of the mind. In Plato's case this is obvious enough from the very fact of the Theory of Forms, and from the fact that Plato frequently speaks of the problem of predication as that of how one thing