Norwegian Team Research Articles

Reproducibility of overbank sediment sampling in Greece and Norway

Reproducibility of overbank sediment sampling was tested in twenty-nine floodplains in Europe, ten in Greece and nineteen in Norway, by the collection of duplicate pairs of samples. Distances between duplicate sites in Greece were 60 to 100 m, and in Norway 100 to 200 m. In Norway the same nineteen floodplains were sampled by a second team for the purpose of investigating differences in sampling variability and technique. Total element contents were determined in all samples. Paired samples were compared by calculating Spearman's rank correlation coefficient on the raw analytical data, and one-way analysis of variance on the log-transformed data. Pairs of overbank sediment samples collected from different floodplains by the Hellenic team and the first Norwegian team showed high rank correlations and low within-basin variability (sampling and analytical variance). Statistical results of the second Norwegian team were comparatively poorer; both Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and one-way analysis of variance, showed very low positive to negative correlations and high within-basin variation, suggesting a non-uniform distribution of elements in the Norwegian overbank sediment sequences and differences in the sampling technique of the two teams. Nevertheless, careful location of sample sites, as has been done by the Hellenic and the first Norwegian teams, reduces considerably the sampling variability, and the overall sampling reproducibility for most elements is very good for distances up to 100 m in Greece and 200 m in Norway, provided correlated overbank sediment sequences are sampled. The implication of this study for multinational regional geochemical mapping is that overbank sediment sampling must be carried out by well-trained professional teams of exploration geochemists, and where possible by one sampling team for the whole country.

Responses of academe to quality reforms in higher education: A comparative study of england and Sweden

Background The study to be presented is part of a research programme, InternationaI Stu~ of Higber Education Refirms, being conducted through collaboration between an Eniglish, a Swedish and a Norwegian research team. The aim of the total research programme is to study the changing role of government in the three countries in the creation and execution of higher education policy from the 1970s to the present time; to examine how higher education reforms have been received and implemented or counteracted by academic faculty and academic leaders; and to analyze how reform policies and structural changes have affected the working lives, values, identities and productivity of academics in higher education institutions. An overarching aim is to compare the three countries in these dimensions. An attempt will be made to construct a general comparative framework, using common organizing themes and enlisting salient theories in the descriptive analysis and comparison ofkey political and academic phenomena (Kogan 1995). There exist both similarities in the recent higher education reforms in England and Sweden and important differences. Among the former are demands for increased effectiveness, imposition of systems for quality assurance and assessment and market orientation. The most conspicuous difference is the movement to devolve power to the higher education institutions in Sweden, while British universities have been subjected to more centralized control.

Secondary alveolar bone grafting--five-year periodontal and radiographic evaluation in 100 consecutive cases.

A prospective study of secondary alveolar bone grafting based on the Norwegian (Oslo) team approach has been conducted by the CLP Unit at the Princess Margaret Hospital for Children in Perth, Australia, since 1982. The 5-year results of 100 consecutive cases of uni- and bilateral cases are presented according to periodontal and radiographic parameters of tooth support. The vast majority of cases grafted (98%) resulted in the eventual eruption of the cleft side cuspid/lateral incisor within acceptable parameters of tooth support. The results confirm the predictability of this safe procedure when utilized within a strict clinical protocol involving the whole CLP team.

Group Reactions in a Hospital Crisis Intervention Programme

The paper describes group reactions among survivors, relatives and hospital staff participating in a crisis intervention programme following a bus accident in Norway. The survivors and the dead were brought to the regional hospital. The groups gathered were injured children and adults, and relatives of injured and dead victims. The participating hospital staff were mainly members of the intensive care unit, staff from two surgical wards and personnel from the psychiatric service unit. Group reactions observed were suggestibility and helplessness; a lack of autonomous functioning as individuals followed by group reinforcements of emotional out-bursts, and subsequently, fight/flight reactions and intergroup rivalry, parallel to an idealization of the Norwegian crisis team. Similar reactions were to a lesser extent also seen among members of staff groups. There was a reduction in the hospital's capacity to maintain its ordinary treatment programmes during the crisis intervention.

Fridtjof Nansen's crossing of Greenland in 1888

In 1888 Fridtjof Nansen carried out the first crossing of Greenland. In 19SS a Norwegian team – Stein P. Aasheim, Odd Eliassen, Jo Toftdahl and Nils U. Hagen – commemorated Nansen's expedition by repeating the journey using the same equipment as Nanscn, following the same route from Umivik on the east coast to the Ameralikfjord on the west coast, and starting from Umivik exactly one hundred years after Nanscn, the 15th of August. In this paper Nils U. Hagen tells about Fridtjof Nansen's crossing of Greenland compared with the experience of today.

The Norwegian identification team, forensic odontology

The Norwegian identification team, forensic odontology