Deherainia lageniformis G6mez-Laurito & N. Zamora, from Costa Rica, is described, illustrated, and compared with its closest relative. RESUMEN. Se describe de Costa Rica una nueva especie de Deherainia (Theophrastaceae), ademis se ilustra y se compara con la otra especie cercana. Deherainia Decaisne (Theophrastaceae) is a small neotropical genus of much-branched treelets with chartaceous leaves and green flowers. According to the most recent account (Stahl, 1989), it comprises just two species: D. matudae Lundell, distributed from Chiapas to Guatemala, and D. smaragdina (Planchon ex Linden) Decaisne, ranging from Veracruz to Belize and Honduras. Deherainia cubensis (Radlkofer) Mez has been relegated to the monotypic genus Neomezia as N. cubensis (Radlkofer) Votsch, endemic to Cuba. A third species of Deherainia from the Cordillera de Tilarn and Cordillera de Guanacaste in northern Costa Rica is described below. This new record provides a considerable range extension of the genus from the nearest known locality in Honduras. Deherainia lageniformis G6mez-Laurito & N. Zamora, sp. nov. TYPE: Costa Rica. Guanacaste: Cafias, Parcelas Nueva Guatemala, Estribaciones del Volcain Tenorio, 1000 m, 10?37'30N, 85?00'45W, 18 ene. 1994, G. Herrera 6779 (holotype, USJ; isotypes, CR, F, INB, MO). Figure 1. D. matudae affinis, praecipue differt foliis junioribus apice aristatis; foliis maturis ellipticis ad oblanceolatis, apice aristatis; floribus majoribus, corolla intra in medio lepidota et in tertio basale pilis glanduliferis provista, staminodiis ellipticis, apice truncatis; fructu ovato ad lageniformi, magno, apice aristato. Trees 5-8 m tall with many branches. Branchlets stiff, angulate to terete, lepidote to glabrescent. Young leaves in 2 verticels around the nodes, 2-10 mm long, setaceous to lanceolate, with a spinelike mucro at the tip. Mature leaves subverticillate, 4 or 5 per node, when fresh with a mint odor of yerbabuena (Haber et al. 11234). Petioles 5-7 mm long, striate, glabrous, greenish yellow. Lamina elliptic to oblanceolate 12-22 X 4-6 cm, glabrous and with minute pits sparsely scattered on both sides, chartaceous, green above and greenish yellow beneath with the middle nerve prominent and lateral nerves slender, with numerous fine, strongly ascending and anastomosing strands of extraxyllary schlerenchyma, entire at the margins, acute at the apex with a short spinelike mucro, attenuate at the base. Inflorescence of 7 or 8 flowers inserted at the ends of the branchlets. Pedicels of mature flowers 25-30 mm long, striate, glabrous. Flowers to 25 mm long, campanulate, unpleasantly scented. Calyx 6-8 mm long, 5-parted, lobes broadly rounded at apex, green, imbricate, glabrous, irregularly dentate, erose and usually brownish at margin, persisting in fruit. Corolla 5-parted, lobes ca. 20 mm long, united basally in a 5-mm tube, elliptic to broadly elliptic, green, yellowish and involute at margin, with minute sunken glandular hairs in the middle, and gland-tipped hairs on the basal third, glabrous outside. Staminodia elliptic, about 2 mm long, obtuse to truncate at the apex, margins involute, sparsely lepidote and with minute gland-tipped hairs in the inner surface. Stamens 5, slightly exserted; filaments 4 mm long, slender, glabrous, flat, broad at base and connate into a very short tube; anthers ca. 2 mm long, suborbicular, truncate at apex, dorsifixed, 2-celled, longitudinally dehiscent. Ovary ovate, ca. 3 mm long; style 4 mm long, glabrous with a discoid stigma. Fruits green, pendulous, ovoid to flask-shaped, about 14 cm long and 7 cm broad, green, acute at the tip with NovoN 8: 141-143. 1998. This content downloaded from 207.46.13.166 on Thu, 07 Jul 2016 05:36:47 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms