North Bolaang Mongondow Regency Research Articles

KEPUASAN PETANI PADI SAWAH TERHADAP KINERJA PENYULUH PERTANIAN DI DESA KOPI KECAMATAN BINTAUNA KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW UTARA

This study aims to analyze the level of farmer satisfaction with the performance of agricultural instructors in Kopi Village, Bintauna Subdistrict, North Bolaang Mongondow Regency. The study was conducted from January 2020 to April 2020. Primary data were obtained through direct interviews with 29 respondents using questionnaires and secondary data obtained from the Village Village government office. The sampling method is done by using the purposive sampling method, which is intentional sampling. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the satisfaction of farmers to the performance of agricultural extension workers in the whole Coffee Village is satisfied. This is evidenced by the results of the farmer satisfaction index value obtained by 91.35 percent.

CIVIL SERVANTS 'COMPETENCE AS PUBLIC SERVICES

This study aims to describe the analysis, and interpret the Competencies of Civil Servants in carrying out governmental duties as a public service at the Bolaang Mongondow Utara Regency Secretariat. This type of research is Qualitative with a case study approach.
 The results showed that: The implementation of competency standards for Civil Servants in carrying out government duties as a public service at the Regional Secretariat of North Bolaang Mongondow Regency has not run as expected. This can be seen from the results data (1) the processes and procedures carried out have not fully met the process in accordance with the guidelines for rolling position in North Bolaang Mongondow Regency which is in accordance with the Minister of Administrative Reform and Bureaucracy Reform (PERMENPANRB) Number 38 of 2017 concerning Position Competency Standards State Civil Apparatus. (2). The procedure for rolling has already been stated in the Regent's decree, but the process is not yet understood and follows the stages and indicators that must be met that have not gone well as expected. (3). in the placement process there are officials who are not in accordance with their competencies to occupy the position because if viewed from the rules not in accordance with the guidelines the Managerial Competency indicator is measured from the level of education, structural training or management, and leadership experience this is contained in PP 11/2017 Article 55. ( 4) employee qualifications although it is recognized that the fulfillment of qualifications and competencies is still around 60% -70% according to the requirements. (5) meryt system is also not fully implemented, the quality factor of HR (Human Resources) seen from the level of education still needs to be improved especially at the S2 level , and the level of skills of employees who must follow Diklatpim according to the level of position they occupy must be appropriate and get attention.
 
 Keywords: Public Policy, Public Services, PNS Competence

Development Potential of Integrated Farming System (Local Cattle - Food Crops)

Local cattle farming as an income source for farmers in rural areas is mostly developed traditionally. The local cattle farm continues, even though it is a side business, but is a mainstay in supporting national beef needs. The problem is whether integration of local cattle and food crops have the potential to be developed by farmers. The research was conducted to determine the potential integration of local cattle local and corn in North Bolaang Mongondow Regency. A survey method using a purposive sampling selected 60 farmers from Sangkub District where farmers practiced an integrated cattle-crops farming. Data were subjected to proximate and feasibility analysis. The results showed that the total cattle owned by respondents were 209. The feed consisted of grass and corn waste, with an average consumption of 5.33 and 11.15 kg/head/day, respectively. A proximate analysis of waste corn reported 86.48% dry material, 7.36% crude protein, 1.84% fat, 28.95% crude fiber, 9.10% ash and 68.18% carbohydrate. Respondents' income from cattle farming in Bintauna and Sangkub Districts were Rp. 151,000,000 vs. Rp. 169,900,000, production costs were Rp. 101,150,625 vs. Rp. 107,298,593.8, and RC ratio was 1.49 vs. 1.58. In conclusion, corn waste consumption was greater (67.66%) than the grass. RC ratio value >1 indicated that cattle farming was feasible. The corn-cattle farming integration system can minimize environmental pollution because it enables the concept of LEISA (Low External Input Sustainability Agriculture).

Development Strategy of Sustainable Beef Cattle

The purpose of developing beef cattle farming is to increase the population and productivity of cattle products followed by increasing farmers’ income, creating jobs and improving the genetic quality of beef cattle. The problem is that beef cattle farms in North Sulawesi are carried out in traditional management instead of eco-friendly; they are mostly developed by grazing on agricultural land. This study aims to identify the potential strategies to support the development of eco-friendly beef cattle farms. This study used a survey to analyze the role, opportunities and challenges of beef cattle farms in North Bolaang Mongondow Regency. The locations were purposively sampled to include the central area for government-initiative beef cattle development i.e. Sangkub, Bintauna and East Bolangitan districts. The data were subject to internal and external analysis using IFAS matrix, EFAS matrix and SWOT analysis.The results showed that the actual beef cattle population could be increased to 1.37 times. Development is carried out with an orientation to environment and sustainability using LEISA concept. The development of beef cattle was in a condition dominated by strength (the strength value of 1.882 or 76.59%). Opportunities are more quickly responded in the face of the threat of beef cattle development (the opportunity value of 1.842 or 68.09%). In conclusion, the development of beef cattle has a role in increasing the income of farmers and has market opportunities and the challenges can be minimized by increasing the productivity and quality of beef cattle that are environmentally oriented. Technology introduction is needed for the development of sustainable beef cattle farms.

STRATEGI ADAPTASI MINORITAS KRISTEN DALAM MENJAGA SIKAP HIDUP TOLERANSI BERAGAMA DI DESA TUNTUNG TIMUR KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW UTARA

Tolerance is an attitude or behavior that respects and respects all other people's actions as long as the actions are in accordance with the rules and norms in the existing community. The tolerance of fellow human beings can be manifested in the life of religious tolerance. This study aims to: Know the adaptation strategies of Christian minorities in maintaining a life attitude of religious tolerance. This research was conducted in Tuntung Timur Village, Pinogaluman Subdistrict, North Bolaang Mongondow Regency for 3 (three) months, from October to December 2019. This research method was qualitative with the technique of determining the sample / informant was selected by purposive sampling to obtain the required data. The sampling technique is done by snowball sampling. Based on the results of research on social adaptation strategies undertaken by Christian minority communities in maintaining the attitude of religious tolerance, namely: Adaptation Strategies Based on Norms of Life consisting of: 1). Active Participation in the Implementation of Government Programs, 2). Active Participation in Social and Cultural Activities, 3). Active Participation in Majority Community Religious Activities, 4). Active Participation in Religious Harmony Organizations, 5). Religious Services Schedule Not Simultaneous. B). Adaptation Strategies when Situations Change in Society is to increase the spirit of religious harmony, C). Behavior Optimization Strategy to Fit the Conditions in the Community, D). Strategies for the Utilization of Human and Family Resources

Pola Asuh Dan Pendapatan Keluarga Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Anak Usia 2-5 Tahun Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Bohabak

Stunting is defined as height according to age -2 standard median child growth curve. One of the causes of stunting is poor parenting practices. Family income influences a person's ability to access certain foods which affect the nutritional status of children. The purpose of this study was to determine the pattern of fostering and family income with stunting in the work area of ​​the Bohabak Health Center, North Bolaang Mongondow Regency. his type of research is analytic observational using cross sectional design. The number of samples determined by Purposive Sampling as many as 41 people aged 2-5 years. Bivariate data analysis used Chi square test with Fisher's Exact value. The results showed the sample in the short category is 68.3% and in the very short category 31.7%, the sample gets good parenting ie 63.4% and parenting less 36.6%, the sample that has high family income is 22% and low family income 78%. It is known that there is no significant relationship between Parenting and Stunting in children aged 2-5 years in the work area of ​​the Bohabak Health Center. There is a significant relationship between family income with the incidence of stunting in children aged 2-5 years in the work area of ​​the Bohabak Community Health Center. It is recommended for puskesmas especially nutrition programs to provide counseling to adolescents, women of childbearing age and pregnant women about the causes of stunting and the importance of handling the First 1000 Days of Life.

KERAGAAN SISTEM AGRIBISNIS KAKAO (Theobroma Cacao) DI KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW UTARA

The purpose of this study was to examine the performance of the cocoa agribusiness system in the North Bolaang Mongondow Regency. This research was carried out for 6 months from January to June 2018. Theresearch location was chosen purposively where Kaidipang District and Bolaang Itang District were the centers of cocoa production in North Sulawesi. The samples taken were all members of the two Farmer Groups selected from the two selected sub-districts namely the Tolerant Farmers Group and the Advanced Advanced Farmers Group. Primary data was obtained through direct interviews with 16 respondents from the Joint Advanced Farmers Group and 19 respondents from the Tolerant Farmers Group so that the total respondents were 35 people. Interviews are conducted based on a list of questions that have been prepared previously. Direct observations are also made regarding plant cultivation and maintenance activities. Secondary data was obtained from the relevant agencies regarding the production data and the size area of cocoa land obtained from the Plantation Office and the Central Statistics Agency. Analysis of the data used is descriptive analysis. The results showed that upstream agribusiness agri-business activities in the form of use of sprayers, scissors, knives, lawn mowers, fertilizers and pesticides. The activities of the agriproduction subsystem in the form of cultivation techniques include the use of production facilities and cultivation technologies such as continuous entries. On subsystem activity. downstream agri industry, farmers are still in a simple stage where fruit processing still uses sun-drying techniques. While in the farmer'sagricultural system activities, it sells cocoa to village traders and district traders. The supporting subsystem has not yet worked on all subsystems, as in the subsystem of the management role of the supporting institutions it has not played a role in causing farmers to only be price recipients. The cocoa agribusiness system has occured but has not worked efficiently.*eprm*

Determination of the status of utilization and effort of little tuna (Euthynnus affinis) caught in the North Bolaang-Mongondow waters North Sulawesi

Little tuna (Euthynnus affinis) needs tobe managed well because even as a renewable natural resources, but can undergo depletion or extinction. One of the approach inthe management of the resources is by modelling. The analysis was performed aimingto get the best estimated for the surplus production model to determine the maximum sustainable yields (MSY), utilization level, and effort level of little tuna. The data of catch and fishing effort little tuna collected from the Marine and Fisheries Service of the North Bolaang-Mongondow Regency and the North Sulawesi Province. Best Surplus Production Model, which is used to assess the potential of little tuna is Schaefer Model. Optimal effort (Emsy) of 482 trips per year, with catchesof optimal Cmsy 465.13 tons per year. The effort level for 2017 is 114.10 %, which shows the inefficiency of effort, the utilization level of 125.99 %, showing occur overfishing.

Menyusui Eksklusif, Penyakit Diare Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Anak Balita Usia 24-59 Bulan Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sangkub

Stunting is a chronic condition of a child's poor linear growth which is an accumulation of the effects of various factors such as poor nutrition and health before and after the birth of the child. Riskesdas data in 2013 amounted to 37.2% of Indonesian children experiencing stunting. This figure increased compared to 2010 (35.6%) and 2007 (36.8%). This study was conducted to analyze exclusive breastfeeding status and diarrheal disease as risk factors for stunting in children under the age of 24-59 months in the working area of ​​Sangkub Community Health Center, Sangkub Subdistrict, Bolaang Mongondow Utara Regency. This type of research is Analytical Observational with a Retrospective Cohort design. Conducted in January - February 2019 in the working area of ​​the Sangkub Community Health Center, Sangkub District, North Bolaang Mongondow Regency. with a sample size of 40 toddlers. The sampling technique is consecutive sampling.The results showed that the results of statistical tests using the Fisher's Exact Test test obtained a significant level (p = 0.037) which means p = <0.05. From these results it can be seen that there is a significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding status and the incidence of stunting in infants aged 24-59 months in the working area of ​​Sangkub Community Health Center, Sangkub Subdistrict, North Bolaang Mongondow Regency and obtained a significant level (p = 1,000) means p => 0.05, which means that there is no significant relationship between diarrheal disease and the incidence of stunting in infants aged 24-59 months in the working area of ​​Sangkub Community Health Center, Sangkub District, North Bolaang Mongondow Regency.

Implementation of Policy on Increasing Food Security in North Bolaang Mongondow Regency of North Sulawesi Province

Implementation of Policy on Increasing Food Security in North Bolaang Mongondow Regency of North Sulawesi Province

Analysis of Local Poultry Food Consumption in Regency of North Bolaang Mongondow

Food security is one of the determinants of the economic stability of the community in North Bolaang Mongondow Regency, North Sulawesi, Indonesia so that the fulfillment of food sufficiency becomes a development framework, which is able to support the development of other sectors. Food security is built on three main pillars, namely food availability, food access, and food utilization. Local poultry can be developed to support the independence of food supply of animal protein sources. The problem is how far the consumption of local poultry food in North BolaangMongondow Regency to support food security. The aim of this research is to know the amount of local poultry consumption, source of local poultry product and factors influencing the consumption of local poultry. The research method used is survey method. The location of the study was determined by purposive sampling. Respondents of 100 households were determined by simple random sampling. Local poultry has an important role in the provision of meat and eggs that have a distinctive taste and texture. The results show that this area has a prospect of local poultry development seen from the population and its production tends to increase. On the other hand the consumption of local poultry products is not in accordance with the targeted. Based on the result of research can be concluded that local poultry food consumption is influenced by income level of household.

Analysis of Local Poultry Food Consumption in Regency of North Bolaang Mongondow

Food security is one of the determinants of the economic stability of the community in North Bolaang Mongondow Regency, North Sulawesi, Indonesia so that the fulfillment of food sufficiency becomes a development framework, which is able to support the development of other sectors. Food security is built on three main pillars, namely food availability, food access, and food utilization. Local poultry can be developed to support the independence of food supply of animal protein sources. The problem is how far the consumption of local poultry food in North BolaangMongondow Regency to support food security. The aim of this research is to know the amount of local poultry consumption, source of local poultry product and factors influencing the consumption of local poultry. The research method used is survey method. The location of the study was determined by purposive sampling. Respondents of 100 households were determined by simple random sampling. Local poultry has an important role in the provision of meat and eggs that have a distinctive taste and texture. The results show that this area has a prospect of local poultry development seen from the population and its production tends to increase. On the other hand the consumption of local poultry products is not in accordance with the targeted. Based on the result of research can be concluded that local poultry food consumption is influenced by income level of household.

PENAMPILAN REPRODUKSI TERNAK SAPI POTONG DI KECAMATAN BINTAUNA KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW UTARA

REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF BEEF CATTLE IN BINTAUNA DISTRICT OF NORTH BOLAANG MONGONDOW REGENCY. This study was conducted to evaluate the reproduction performance of beef cattle in Bintauna district of North Bolaang Mongondow regency. Reproductive performance was studied to determine the productivity of livestock especially in population increase and availability of meat. This research used samples of farmer as breeder of beef cattle. The selections of village samples were determined purposively by consideration of the villages with the largest population of livestock including the villages of Pimpi, Kopi, and Bintauna. Selection of respondents using random sampling method involved 10 farmers for each selected village, with the total of 30 farmers as respondents. Data of the variables were analyzed using descriptive analysis model. The results showed that the age of puberty animal was 12.03 ± 4.81 months, service per conception was 1.19, conception rate was 73%, pregnancy period was 276 ± 2.53 days, and calving interval was 366 ± 3.21 days. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the reproduction of beef cattle in Bintauna district of North Bolaang Mongondow regency was categorized into good performance. Keyword: Reproduction performance, beef cattle, Bintauna district

NERACA AIR LAHAN UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guinensis Jacq), DI KECAMATAN SANGKUB, KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW UTARA

This study aims to find out the water balance in Sangkub Sub-district, North Bolaang Mongondow Regency for oil palm cultivation with water balance simulation model developed by Handoko (1994) and Rogi (2002). The study was conducted from May - December 2016. This research uses simulation model method; the data used in this research is secondary data. The data analysis used run model of water balance of land and formula calculation of land water balance. The study found that the amount of water surplus from the run of the water balance model and calculations based on the formula in one year cannot meet the water requirements of oil palm crops, so that oil palm plantations cannot be cultivated in Sangkub Sub-district. This is due to the existence of rice cultivated crops prior to oil palm cultivation, where both plants require relatively large amount of water.

PERANAN PENYULUH TERHADAP PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN PETERNAK DALAM ADOPSI INOVASI TEKNOLOGI PETERNAKAN DI KECAMATAN SANGKUB KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW UTARA

THE ROLE OF EXTENSIONISTS TO THE DECISION OF FARMERS IN THE ADOPTION OF TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION FARMS IN SANGKUB SUB-DISTRICT, NORTH BOLAANG MONGONDOW DISTRICT.Extension activities is one of the goverment’s efforts that have an important role in improving knowledge, skills and attitude to livestock. Extension workers have an important role in the development of livestock breeding and improvement of livestock technology adoption process to farmers. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of extension workers in decision making farmers in the adoption of technological innovation farms in District of Sangkub North of Bolaang Mongondow regency. This research was done by survey method. Three villages was selected using purposive method. Thirty respondents then selected from breeder groups, which is done randomly. Data collection was done by interview, observation and documentation. The sources of data taken include primary data in the form of respondent identity, the number of livestock kept, the technology applied and the role of extension workers. Secondary data obtained from agriculture office of north Bolaang Mongondow regency, agricultural and forestry extension agency (BP3K) of Sangkub sub-district and central bureau of statistics Bolaang Mongondow. Data were analyzed by using scoring method and descriptive analysis. Result of the research indicate that the tendency of farmer appraisal to agriculture extension role as motivator, dynamic and facilitator in district of Sangkub Regency of North Bolaang Mongondow was optimal The results showed that the process of adoption of cattle ranchers in Sangkub sub-district North of Bolaang Mongondow regency is varied from respondents who do not know about farming technology, have tried and already apply. And the role of extensionists have and influence on the dicision of farmers in the adoption of farm technology innovation in Sangkub sub-district.Keywords : The role of extensionists, Adoption process, Decision – making

PERAN PENDAMPING TERHADAP PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK TANI KAKAO DI KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW UTARA

This study aims to determine the role of facilitators who facilitate farmer groups, especially in cocoa crops and know the various obstacles faced by the accompaniment in the assistance activities of cocoa farmer groups in North Bolaang Mongondow Regency. The study lasted for three months from February to April 2017. The data collected in the form of primary and secondary data. Primary data collected through interviews with 5 farmer groups and taken by deliberate were 3 farmers group of Advanced and 2 groups of Beginner Farmer Group. Each group of farmers is taken as many as 6 people consisting of the management of farmer groups namely chairman, secretary, treasurer and 3 members. Total of respondents amounted 30. Secondary data were obtained from the Office of Agriculture and District Offices in North Bolaang Mongondow. Data analysis was used descriptive analysis. The results of this research showed that the counselor was instrumental in empowering the cocoa farmer groups in both the beginner and advanced farmer groups in intensification and rehabilitation activities. The role of companion is categorized as a very important role that is 88.3%. This can be seen from the corective and enhacement in the way of gardening. The constraints faced by counselors, especially at the beginner level farmers, are the fear of to take risk of failure in production so that they have not dared to try new technologies.

ANALISIS PRODUKSI LIMBAH TANAMAN PANGAN SEBAGAI PAKAN TERNAK SAPI DI KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW UTARA

PRODUCTION ANALYSIS OF FOOD CROP WASTE PRODUCT AS CATTLE FEED IN NORTH BOLAANGMONGONDOW REGENCY. Cattle can be used as the main economical source giving added value in farm of the farmers to support their family needs in North Bolaang Mongondow regency. Farmers utilized food crop waste product for cattle feed maintenance. The problem was that the food crop waste product potential was unknown to support cattle development in the farm of the farmers. The objective of this study was to analyze food crop waste product potential. Materials in this study were involving food crop area, type of food crop waste product, and cattle. Research method was applied by survey method involving primer and secondary data. Data were analyzed by proximate analysis conducted by Research Institution and Industrial Standardization, Manado and descriptive analysis. Agricultural waste product was local feedstuff as crude fiber source that can be used for cattle feed. The potential feedstuff was calculated on the basis of feedstuff production multiplied by crop cultivation area size and expressed in dry matter (DM). The highest potential of DM was the wet rice paddy straw, followed by dry rice paddy straw, corn straw, sweet potato leaves, cassava leaves, green bean straw, and peanut straw. This study concluded that dry matter productions of wet rice paddy straw, corn straw and peanut straw were highly produced in Sanggkub district. Dry matter productions of dry rice paddy straw, cassava leaves, and sweet potato leaves were highly produced in East Bolaang Itang district, while dry matter production of green bean straw was highly produced in West Bolaang Itang district. Based on this research it can be suggested to introduce the technology related to the preservation of food crop waste product in North Bolaang Mongondow regency. Keywords: Waste product, food crop, cattle, North Bolaang Mongondow regency.

PROSPEK PENGEMBANGAN USAHA TERNAK SAPI POTONG DI KECAMATAN BOLANGITANG TIMUR KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW UTARA

ABSTRACT THE PROSPECT OF BEEF CATLE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENTIN EAST BOLANGITANG DISTRICT, NORTH BOLAANG MONGONDOW REGENCY The purpose of this research was to find out the potential resources on beef cattle industry development in East Bolangitangdistrict, North Bolaang Mongondow regency. Survey method (questionnaire) was used in order to get primary and secondary data, from June until July, 2015. All the data taken were then analyzed using SWOT and Land Carrying Capacity analysis, as well as descriptive analysis. It was found in this research that, the maximum potency of livestock units based on dry land, savannah and swampland (wetland) resources amounted to 8.879 ST (Satuan Ternak). This number depicted that the district of East Bolangitang potential to develop cattle industry Keywords: Cattle, prospects, Business Development

ANALISIS KEUNTUNGAN USAHA PUPUK ORGANIK DI PERUSAHAN CV. ARGONIAGA MANDIRI KECAMATAN BINTAUNA

PROFIT ANALYSIS OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER BUSINESS IN CV AGRONIAGA MANDIRI SUB-DISTRICT BINTAUNA. The purpose of this study was to determine the company profits per year. This research was done at CV Agroniaga Mandiri as the only company that produces organic fertilizer in the Bintauna Sub-district, North Bolaang Mongondow Regency. Data collected consist of primary data and secondary data. The primary data were collected by interview with questions list or quetionnaire, while secondary data were obtained from government agency that related with this research such as Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of North Bolaang Mongondow. Data were analyzed with profit function method. The results showed that the total cost of production, revenue and profit of organic fertilizer business that obtained by CV Agroniaga Mandiri sequentially Rp. 259, 294,100 / year, Rp.405,000,000/year and Rp.145,705,900/year. Key words: Profit, organic fertilizer

ANALISIS USAHA TANI TERPADU SAPI POTONG DAN PADI SAWAH KELOMPOK TANI “KEONG MAS” KECAMATAN SANGKUB, KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW UTARA (STUDI KASUS)

ABSTRACT ANALYSIS OF INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEM BETWEEN BEEF CATTLE AND RICE PADDY IN FARMERS GROUP OF KEONG MAS AT SANGKUB DISTRICT, NORTHBOLAANG MONGONDOW REGENCY (CASE STUDY). Integrated farming system of beef cattle and rice paddy is a combination of beef cattle fattening and rice paddy managed by “Keong Mas” Farmers Group. Feces and urine of beef cattle were materials to produce an organic fertilizer and paddy rice straw can be used as feed for beef cattle. The combination of fattening beef cattle and rice paddy straw has a purpose to create minimum cost and using of potential local resources. This research purpose was to evaluate the business profit and cost efficiency of “Keong Mas” integrated farming system. Research method used was study of case and observation as the information for collecting data. The result showed that profit of un-integrated fattening beef cattle were Rp. 9,780,000,- per 8 cattle per year. Un-integrated rice paddy gave Rp. 12,745,000,- profit per ha per year. The profit of integrated fattening beef cattle was Rp. 83,457,108 per 12 cattle per year and rice paddy was Rp. 90,517,250. Cost efficiency of un-integrated farming system was only 1.16 while integrated farming system gave cost efficiency of 1.49. Therefore, it can be concluded that the integrated farming system of fattening beef cattle and rice paddy in “Keong Mas” Farmers Group was profitable and efficient. Keywords : integrated farming system, profit, cost efficiency