Normal Room Research Articles

Automation of the heated floor system in a room under the influence of ambient conditions

Energy consumption for cooling and heating buildings should be reduced in the future to maintain suitable indoor thermal comfort at a lower cost. Numerical simulation of heat transfer within building systems can help to design the energy-efficient buildings. This article presents a fundamental theoretical research done to understand the effect of automation of the underfloor heating system in a room under the influence of ambient conditions on heat transfer. The considered physical process has been described mathematically taking into account the turbulent natural convection and thermal surface radiation within an air filled enclosure having a panoramic window. Sinusoidal boundary condition has been applied to the external surface of panoramic window to model the possible diurnal ambient temperature oscillation. An automation of the underfloor heating system is determined by the heater volumetric heat flux that magnitude depends on the ambient conditions. The governing equations with boundary conditions have been solved numerically by the finite-difference method. The influence of the relevant parameters, viz., surface emissivity, length of underfloor heating system and ambient boundary conditions has been investigated in detail. Distributions of integral and local characteristics illustrating flow and thermal structures in the large-scale enclosure have been studied. The contribution of the thermal radiative mechanism to the overall heat transfer is close in magnitude to the convective heat transfer even under normal room conditions.

Cannabis Consumption in Dispensaries: Public Health Implications of an Emerging Practice.

Cannabis Consumption in Dispensaries: Public Health Implications of an Emerging Practice.

Does Chrysin prevent severe lung damage in Hyperoxia-Induced lung injury Model?

BackgroundOxidative stress and inflammation play a critical role in the etiopathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the preventive effect of Chrysin (CH), an antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antiapoptotic and antifibrotic drug, on hyperoxia-induced lung injury in a neonatal rat model. MethodsForty infant rats were divided into four groups labeled the Control, CH, BPD, and BPD + CH. The control and CH groups were kept in a normal room environment, while the BPD and BPD + CH groups were kept in a hyperoxic (90–95%) environment. At the end of the study, lung tissue was evaluated with respect to apoptosis, histopathological damage and alveolar macrophage score as well as oxidant capacity, antioxidant capacity, and inflammation. ResultsCompared to the BPD + CH and control groups, the lung tissues of the BPD group displayed substantially higher levels of MDA, TOS, TNF-α, and IL-1β (p < 0.05). While the BPD + CH group showed similar levels of TNF-α and IL-1β as the control group, MDA and TOS levels were higher than the control group, and significantly lower than the BPD group (p < 0.05). The BPD group exhibited considerably lower levels of TAS, SOD, GSH, and GSH-Px in comparison to the control group (p < 0.05). The BPD and BPD + CH groups exhibited higher mean scores of histopathological damage and alveolar macrophage when compared to the control and CH groups (p ≤ 0.0001). Both scores were found to be lower in the BPD + CH group in comparison to the BPD group (p ≤ 0.0001). The BPD + CH group demonstrated a significantly lower average of TUNEL and caspase-3 positive cells than the BPD group. ConclusionWe found that prophylaxis with CH results in lower histopathological damage score and reduces apoptotic cell count, inflammation and oxidative stress while increasing anti-oxidant capacity.

Developing a BIM-Based MUVR Treadmill System for Architectural Design Review and Collaboration

Virtual reality (VR) is quickly becoming the medium of choice for various architecture, engineering, and construction applications, such as design visualization, construction planning, and safety training. In particular, this technology offers an immersive experience to enhance the way architects review their design with team members. Traditionally, VR has used a desktop PC or workstation setup inside a room, yielding the risk of two users bump into each other while using multiuser VR (MUVR) applications. MUVR offers shared experiences that disrupt the conventional single-user VR setup, where multiple users can communicate and interact in the same virtual space, providing more realistic scenarios for architects in the design stage. However, this shared virtual environment introduces challenges regarding limited human locomotion and interactions, due to physical constraints of normal room spaces. This study thus presented a system framework that integrates MUVR applications into omnidirectional treadmills. The treadmills allow users an immersive walking experience in the simulated environment, without space constraints or hurt potentialities. A prototype was set up and tested in several scenarios by practitioners and students. The validated MUVR treadmill system aims to promote high-level immersion in architectural design review and collaboration.

RESEARCH OF THE EFFICIENCY OF MARINE DIESEL FUEL COOLING SYSTEM ON THE BASIS OF NEW REFRIGERANTS

The requirements of the International Maritime Organization, government environmental agencies and other non-governmental groups are aimed at reducing emissions of harmful substances into the environment during the operation of diesel engines. Among these substances, the most dangerous are sulfur oxide (SOx), nitrogen oxide (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). In accordance with the specified requirements, there is an active transition to fuels with ultra-low sulfur content. The use of these fuels in marine diesel engines is associated with a number of difficulties, because these engines are usually designed for operation on fuels with high viscosity and lubricity. The viscosity values for ultra-low sulfur fuels are close to the permitted minimums for diesel engines at normal engine room temperature. The greatest difficulties occur when the viscosity values fall below the specific range when the fuel temperature before the engine increases. For reliable operation of the engine, the fuel temperature must be constantly maintained at a range in which the fuel viscosity will have the required values. For this purpose the engine design provides presence of fuel cooling system with a water cooler and a chiller for heat removal from water. In this paper the efficiency of chiller refrigeration plant was investigated using new perspective refrigerant mixtures R125/R290 and R134a/R290 as working fluids in comparison with basic R134a and R22. The values of composition for both mixtures are chosen such that they are closest to the azeotrope. It is possible for azeotrope mixtures to minimize the temperature difference between heat exchanging medias in condenser and evaporator of refrigeration plant. During the investigation it was revealed that the values of refrigeration coefficient of refrigerating plant when using mixtures as working fluids were somewhat lower when operating on R134a and R22. But the values of volumetric refrigeration capacity with mixtures as working fluids are significantly higher.

A Wearable Sustainable Moisture‐Induced Electricity Generator Based on rGO/GO/rGO Sandwich‐Like Structural Film

AbstractGreen energy conversion is the first choice in solving contemporary energy pollution and shortages. In this work, a flexible moisture‐induced electricity generator is developed. Graphene oxide (GO) film is simply region‐treated by bilateral ultraviolet irradiation to obtain two special structural films—reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/GO/rGO sandwich‐like structural (rGrSF) film and rGrSF–GO composite film. The special sandwich‐like structure endows films with the capability to easily transport water molecules and difficultly release moisture that improves the adaptability of generator to environmental change. A single moisture‐induced electricity generator (MIEG) could supply an open circuit voltage of 215.7 mV for more than 3 h. 9 MIEGs successfully powered a light emitting diode (LED) in 1 h under moisture, and its total discharging process took about 5.5 h in a normal room condition, in which the LED kept lit for 1 h. Additionally, with outstanding flexibility, high stability, and reproducibility, the generator shows the potential in application of wearable electronics and it can generate sustainable electricity in the face of suddenly changes in humidity.

Organic Electrosynthesis Towards Sustainability: Fundamentals and Greener Methodologies.

The adoption of new measures that preserve our environment, on which our survival depends, is a necessity. Electro-organic processes are sustainable per se, by producing the activation of a substrate by electron transfer at normal pressure and room temperature. In the recent years, a highly crescent number of works on organic electrosynthesis are available. Novel strategies at the electrode are being developed enabling the construction of a great variety of complex organic molecules. However, the possibility of being scaled-up is mandatory in terms of sustainability. Thus, some electrochemical methodologies have demonstrated to report the best results in reducing pollution and saving energy. In this personal account, these methods have been compiled, being organized as follows: • Direct discharge electrosynthesis • Paired electrochemical reactions. and • Organic transformations utilizing electrocatalysis (in absence of heavy metals). Selected protocols are herein presented and discussed with representative recent examples. Final perspectives and reflections are also considered.

Hedgehog signaling modulates cigarette-induced COPD development.

Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is involved in early embryogenesis and maintains quiescence in the adult lungs. The interruption of Hh signaling may lead to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The current study aimed to assess whether the Hh pathway affects cigarette-induced emphysema and airway inflammation by regulating inflammatory cytokines. C57BL/6J mice were randomized into control, cigarette smoke (CS) or CS + cyclopamine (CSC) groups. Control mice were exposed to normal room air, CS mice were exposed to tobacco smoke and CSC mice were exposed to CS and received cyclopamine treatment. Histopathological examination of lung tissues was performed, and the expression of sonic hedgehog (HH), glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1), hedgehog-interacting protein (HIP) and several inflammatory mediators (intracellular adhesion molecule-1, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α) were compared using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. The emphysema of lung tissues by histopathological examination demonstrated partial amelioration in the CSC group compared with that in the CS group. Additionally, expression levels of SHH, Gli1 and inflammatory mediators were significantly higher in the CS group compared with the control group but were significantly decreased in the CSC group. The expression of HIP was decreased in the CS group, but significantly increased in the CSC group. Hh signaling may serve an important role in cigarette-induced emphysema and airway inflammation by regulating inflammatory cytokines in animal models. Therefore, diminishing the activation of the Hh signal may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for patients suffering from smoking-related COPD.

Tribological analysis of automotive material under wet lubrication condition using diesel, biodiesel and their blend

Biodiesel made from vegetable oil can be considered the best alternative fuel for a partial or complete diesel replacement. Earlier studies on biodiesel and its blends have proven that biofuels in the existing engine can be favorable for partial eradication of diesel from C.I. engines. Therefore, this study investigates the tribological impact of various biodiesels and diesel and their optimum blend at normal room conditions. The tribological analysis is performed on a pin-on-disc tribometer. During the tests, the coefficient of friction, friction force and wear of pins (Aluminium, Copper and Iron) were examined; apart from this, weight & volume loss of the metal pins were also investigated. The pin surfaces were characterized by surface microscopic analysis. Fuel constituents and fatty acid content were analyzed by GC-MS and FT-IR tests to understand the cause of tribological wear better. Castor and Rapeseed biodiesel show the lowest weight of pin in comparison to diesel. The wear rate of metals with diesel shows extreme rises in wear as the sliding distance increase. The coefficient of friction, friction force of pins was found to be highest in diesel, followed by biodiesel and their blend in almost every case.

Quinazoline Derivatives Designed as Efflux Pump Inhibitors: Molecular Modeling and Spectroscopic Studies.

Multidrug resistance of bacteria is a worrying concern in the therapeutic field and an alternative method to combat it is designing new efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs). This article presents a molecular study of two quinazoline derivatives, labelled BG1189 and BG1190, proposed as EPIs. In silico approach investigates the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profile of BG1189 and BG1190 quinazolines. Molecular docking and predicted ADMET features suggest that BG1189 and BG1190 may represent attractive candidates as antimicrobial drugs. UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy was employed to study the time stability of quinazoline solutions in water or in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), in constant environmental conditions, and to determine the influence of usual storage temperature, normal room lighting and laser radiation (photostability) on samples stability. The effects of irradiation on BG1189 and BG1190 molecules were also assessed through Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. FTIR spectra showed that laser radiation breaks some chemical bonds affecting the substituents and the quinazoline radical of the compounds.

Comparative study of hexanal dip and electrospun nanofiber mediated vapour treatments on enhancing the shelf life of pears

Hexanal slows down the ripening process in fresh produce by inhibiting the activity of phospholipase D, thereby increasing shelf life. This study focused on comparing the single time exposure and continuous exposure of post-harvest Anjou and Bartlett pears to hexanal by dipping or fumigating them to enhance their shelf life. Continuous exposure of hexanal was achieved by developing a hexanal encapsulated fiber (HEF), which releases hexanal vapor due to the increased humidity (96 ± 2% RH) in the container headspace as a result of respiration. The fruits were stored in cold storage (0 ± 2 °C) as well as at normal room temperature (20 ± 2 °C) and their storage capacity was compared between the treatments. Fruit parameters such as physiological loss of weight (PLW), firmness, and total soluble solids (TSS) showed only minor differences between hexanal treated and untreated fruits. Between the two varieties, Anjou exhibited slightly higher values than Bartlett. However, when the fruits are visually evaluated, the main aspect of consumer preference, HEF-treated fruits had a better appeal in both varieties and in both conditions. Bartlett responded better than Anjou even in cold storage conditions, suggesting that there are varietal differences in their response to hexanal. Both hexanal treatments helped color retention and reduced fungal infection under the storage conditions tested.

Gas-Theft Suspect Detection Among Boiler Room Users: A Data-Driven Approach

The natural gas tightly correlates with our everyday life. However, driven by gray incomes, some users are prone to stealing gas by refitting the equipment without permission. Especially for the boiler room users in winter, this phenomenon appears more rampant. Traditional gas-theft detection methods highly rely on the on-site inspection, where exists ineffective and randomness. With the rapidly deployed IoT sensors, we can collect real-time gas consumption data to analyze users’ behavior patterns, where the gas-theft suspects could be discovered early and accurately. In this paper, we propose a data-driven approach, named SVOC, to detect gas-theft suspects among boiler room users. Our approach consists of a scenario-based data quality detection algorithm, a deformation-based normality detection algorithm, and an One-Class Support Vector Machine (OCSVM) based anomaly detection algorithm. Specifically, considering the temporal proximity between the gas consumption and the outdoor temperature, the normality detection algorithm adopts a similarity-based deformation correlation to detect normal boiler room users out of abnormal ones. Then, we employ OCSVM as the anomaly detection algorithm to capture various features across multiple data sources, aiming to distinguish gas-theft suspects from the remaining irregular users. Here, the detected normal and abnormal users are fed into the OCSVM for training and prediction, respectively, which can overcome the label scarcity problem. We conduct extensive experiments on a real-world dataset during one heating season. The results demonstrate distinct advantages of our approach over various baselines. We have developed a real-time system on the cloud, providing daily gas-theft suspects for gas companies.

Electrons irradiation of III-V//Si solar cells for NIRT conditions

— In this study, we evaluate the potential of III-V//Si solar cell technology for space applications. We present experimental results on wafer bonded 2-terminal III-V//Si solar cells degradation under 1 MeV electrons irradiation. Beginning-Of-Life (BOL) and End Of Life (EOL) electrical performances were measured under Normal Irradiance (100% AM0) and Room Temperature (300K) conditions (NIRT). No degradation of the wafer bonding interface was detected. The impact of electron irradiation on effective diffusion length in the silicon bottom cell was calculated using the Internal Quantum Efficiency model for different solar cells architectures. Improvement paths towards higher EOL III-V//Si solar cells are discussed.

Study on the influence of T4 and T6 heat treatment on the wear behavior of coarse and fine WC particulate reinforced LM28 Aluminium cast composites

This work presents the Influence of T4 and T6 heat treatment on the wear behavior of coarse and fine WC reinforced LM28 cast Composites. Production of the composites was achieved by stir casting method in the presence of inert gas. Fine (0.1–20 µm) and coarse (60–80 µm) particulates of WC were used from 0 to 12 wt.% in a step of 3%. Composites were given T4 and T6 heat treatment in the conventional manner. For T4 heat treatment, composites were heat treated at 450 °C for 2–3 h followed by quenching in oil and then naturally aged for 6–40 days at normal room temperature whereas for T6 heat treatment, similar cycle was employed with the addition of artificial aging at 180–220 °C for 3–7 h followed by normal cooling. T6 heat treated composites showed optimum hardness in comparison to T4 heat treated and non-heat treated composites. Pin on disk tests revealed the optimal wear resistance and coefficient of friction in T6 heat treated composites at varying sliding distance and load. Scanning-electron microscopy examination showed that the surface damage under the influence of load and sliding distance was higher in T4 heat treated and non-heat treated composites as compared to T6 heat treated composites. Abrasive wear mechanism was observed in the initial phase of material removal but gradually as the sliding distance increases, the wear mechanism transformed into adhesive. T6 composites showed superior wear resistance and hardness and therefore can ideally be employed in applications where high resistance to wear is critical.

Employing Keyed Hash Algorithm, Sequential Probability Ratio Test, and Temperature Comparison Test as Security Against Node Capture Attacks of IoT-Based WSNs

The emergence of IoT opened new opportunities for development in various fields. With all the information that it gathers, it became an interesting target for multiple attackers. Thus, this study will enforce security solutions to IoT-based devices specifically in the perception layer by incorporating a Temperature Comparison Test, Keyed Hash Algorithm and evaluating it using SPRT especially in the defense against malicious activities detected in the nodes of a network namely for Mobile and Immobile attacks. For immobile attacks, using the keyed hash algorithm and the SPRT, the hash key of the passcodes was compared to determine the safety of the nodes. Hence, from the functionality test that was conducted, and evaluating the data gathered using SPRT and Bernoulli’s equation, the reliability of the protocol to detect Immobile attacks is concluded to have a 100% detection rate. For mobile node attacks, the study assumes the environment to be under normal, warm, and cold room temperatures. where both mobile and without mobile attack is simulated, the result shows that there is only an overall 3% difference from the temperature measure by the sensor to the ambient temperature. Hence, combining these protocols that are applied in the study eliminates the single points of failure in the nodes that are either applicable only to a distributed scheme or mobility support, the study also compared the tested protocol to the other existing protocols.

Influence of L-Arginine on the growth of potassium sulphate single crystal

Potassium Sulphate doped with L-Arginine crystals were grown and harvested successfully by utilizing solution slow evaporation growth process under normal room temperature. Using different analysis techniques the grown PSLA crystals were characterized. Some of the studies such as TGA-DSC, UV–Vis-NIR., FTIR, and NLO, etc., were used to confirm the grown crystal. Functional group presence and the metal ion co-ordination were confirmed by Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopic analysis. The spectrum of transmission reveals about the low wavelength cut-off of the grown crystal lies at 230 nm and confirms the high transparency in the entire ultraviolet, range of visibility, and far-infrared range reveals about the utilization in the field of optical applications. The behavior of the crystal concerning the thermal approach was investigated using the DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetric) analysis and TGA (Thermo Gravimetric analysis) and found to be recorded as the stability enhanced up to 250 °C. Conversion of optical second-harmonic efficiency of the harvested material using Kurtz technique (powder) methodology made a record of 4 mV output.

Effort to Enhance Storability of Nepali Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) under Different Storage Conditions

Nepali sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) cultivars are grown in mid hills and are considered to be exquisite in taste. It is mostly harvested during December-January that fetches poor market price. Farmers try to delay picking by retaining fruit on tree compromising tree health and production for next season. Further in some places farmers try to store in normal room and cellar storage facility with considerable amount of post-harvest loss. Recently cool bot storage facility has been introduced to storage horticulture commodities. Thus an experiment was set to study the effect of various storage structure on shelf life of sweet orange at National Citrus Research Program, Dhankuta, Nepal. Four types of storage facilities (zero energy, cellar, cool bot and normal room) were used to store sweet orange fruit over 90 days. Freshly picked Dhankuta Local sweet orange fruit with small pedicel intact were used for this study in RCB design with four treatments replicated four times. Physiological loss in weight (PLW), fruit rot percent, juice recovery percent, TSS and TA were recorded at weekly interval. The result revealed that there was no significant difference in chemical quality parameters (TSS and TA) due to storage method. However, juice recovery and PLW was better in cool bot and cellar stored fruit with ≤15% fruit rot when waxed fruit were stored at 10-12°C with more than 85% RH. In a constant supply of electricity, cool bot storage could be better option compared to other storage facilities for sweet orange storage up to three months

Physicochemical and Microbiological Examination of Food Preservation Strategies of Indian Dishes Kalan and Gulab Jamun

Background: The curd curry commonly known as kalan in Kerala and Gulab Jamun has been chosen in the present work which is relevant in accordance with its usage with common man. Kalan possesses a normal shelf of two days at normal temperature and room conditions. The present work attempted to preserve the product for two weeks or more at room temperature by applying canning technique. The shelf life of Kalan was proved to be enhanced to two more weeks with proper canning. Kalan is prepared in the laboratory and was packed in sterile bottles which were then sterilized by dipping in sterile hot water for thirty minutes. This process impairs the product sufficient sterility to enhance the preserving quality considerably. The product has been found unchanged in its flavor and taste after the expected expiry period. In the preparation of Gulab jamun,drying and frying strategies facilitates the removal of most of the contaminants and hence the product presented as sterile. The sugar syrup provides further preservation. This technique for preservation can thus become effective. The work presented an attempt that has been made to study the effect of processing / preservation technique.Methods: Canning technique was applied as a preservation strategy to the product kalan and addition of sugar syrup presented to be the preservation technique for gulab jamun. Both were considered as the natural way of preservation rather than utilizing any artificial strategies or additions. The shelf life of the same was studied in detail under physiological, biochemical and microbiological parameters.Result: The two food preservation techniques studied in this project are proved to impart better shelf life to the particular type of dairy based products without the addition of any preservative chemicals.

Behavior of alkali activated fly ash slag paste at room temperature

Abstract This study involves to explores the mechanical strength effect of Alkali Activated Fly Ash Slag paste (AAFS) at normal room temperature and its microstructure properties. Weight mixing percentages of Fly Ash (FA) and Ground Granulated Blast-furnace Slag (GGBS) are varying as 30/70, 50/50, and 70/30. Each proportion was activated by a combination of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) of 3 M, 6 M, 9 M, and 12 M and sodium silicate solution (Na2SiO3) keeping the ratio as 1:1. Each sample gets cured at normal room temperature. The result shows the strength variation with the molar concentration of NaOH solid mix proportion, the weight percentage of Na2O/SiO2 of alkali activated (AA) paste. Maximum strength is observed in AAF30S by the combined solution of N12W i.e. 88.65 MPa; in AAF50S by N9W i.e. 71.62 MPa; in AAF70S by N6W i.e. 41.89 MPa. Maximum percentage of GGBS leads to increase of calcium percentages with a high pH value. This cause to high strength achieved in AAF30S than AAF50S and AAF70S.

In Reply: Neurosurgery and Coronavirus (COVID-19) Epidemic: Doing Our Part.

To the Editor: We appreciated the Letter, “Letter: Neurosurgery and Coronavirus (COVID-19) Epidemic: Doing Our Part” by Pesce et al,1 published in April 2020 in Neurosurgery. We are grateful to the authors of the Letter for their clear analysis of some neurosurgical procedures in the COVID-19 era. Everyone in the neurosurgical community and in the whole medical community is doing their own part to face this terrible pandemic. Specifically, we would like to present our experience with patients needing a lumbar function or a neuroimaging. We already described our strategy for all emergency patients in an article published in Neurosurgery in April 2020 entitled “In Reply: Rongeurs, Neurosurgeons, and COVID-19: How Do We Protect Health Care Personnel During Neurosurgical Operations in the Midst of Aerosol-Generation From High-Speed Drills?”2 Different is our approach to the patients coming with an appointment for hospitalization. All patients should come to the Emergency in order to be evaluated through our questionnaire (Figure) and temperature check, and to be tested with the nasopharyngeal tampon for COVID-19. In the meantime, the patient is hospitalized in the ward, in an isolated room. The patient wears a mask and they are forbidden to remove the mask until the result of the swab arrives (usually 4-6 h). A trained nurse will perform an additional temperature check and a preoperative blood sample. A doctor will collect the anamnesis and visit the patient, deciding which further preoperative examinations he will have to perform. These nurses and doctors will not be in contact with other patients or medical and paramedical people. Every preoperative or further diagnostic, including lumbar puncture and/or neuroimaging, will be performed after the result (negative) of the test. In case the patient needs a lumbar puncture, first, we checked the blood tests and did a craniocervical computed tomography (CT) scan in order to exclude all possible absolute contraindications for a lumbar puncture. The CT bed is covered with sterile plastic protection, which will be removed and a complete disinfection performed after the procedure.FIGURE.: Emergency questionnaire. Logos used with permission. © PMU and © SALK. All rights reserved.Therefore, the doctor and the nurse who had contact with the patient will perform the lumbar puncture in the same room, with sterile equipment and all full-protection measures, as for a COVID-19-positive patient. If the patient has a positive result for COVID-19, they will be transferred to the “Covid-House,” an isolated department only for COVID-19-positive patients. In this case, all the medical and paramedical staff who were in contact with the patient should go to quarantine for 14 d.2 In the case of a negative result, the patient will be moved to a normal room for completing all further planned diagnostic and/or therapeutic procedures. Using this scheme, so far, our neurosurgical department has been COVID-19 free and we have already started to perform all the required diagnostic procedures, invasive (e.g. digital subtraction angiography, lumbar puncture, myelography, etc) and noninvasive (all neuroimaging diagnostics), and all the elective surgical operations. We are very glad to be able to share our experience with the rest of the neurosurgery community, and we are sure that all together we can certainly improve our neurosurgical performances in a safe way for us and for the patients. Funding This study did not receive any funding or financial support. Disclosures The authors have no personal, financial, or institutional interest in any of the drugs, materials, or devices described in this article.