Normal Eruption Research Articles

Ectopic eruption of maxillary central incisor through abnormally thickened labial frenum: An unusual presentation

Ectopic eruption is a deviation from the normal eruption pattern, making the tooth erupt out of its normal position, and possibly causing resorption of adjacent primary teeth. A wide range of etiological factors may be responsible for ectopic eruption of the teeth, so their management depends on the correction of the established etiological factor. The present case report describes an unusual case of ectopically erupted central incisor encased within an abnormally thickened labial frenum, which was treated by orthodontic repositioning of the ectopically erupting tooth after frenectomy.

Dermatoglyphics (finger prints) as predilection marker for impacted teeth: A randomized blind trial

Impacted teeth are teeth which remain embedded in the jaws past their normal eruption time or which have been blocked from their normal eruption path because of crowding of adjacent teeth or lack of enough jaw size to accommodate their eruption. Impacted teeth can cause a number of problems if left in place. Dermatoglyphics is the study of skin patterns and finger ridges that present on the fingers, toes and the soles. Fingerprint patterns of both hands were analyzed among ten patients with impacted teeth seen clinically and radiographically and equal number of healthy subjects. This study showed that tented arch pattern in index fingers of both the hands has been observed in impacted subjects thus serving as an indicator of genetic susceptibility in the incidence of dental impaction.

Expression and significance of wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 5A/receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 in the rat dental follicle

To observe the expression of wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 5A (Wnt5A)/receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 (Ror2) signal in the dental follicle cells during the normal eruption of the teeth as well as to explore the relationship between the expression of dental follicle cells and the formation of mature osteoclasts and eruption of the teeth. The mandibulars of 1-13 d old SD rats were separated to observe the growth and develop-ment of the teeth and alveolar bone through hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining. Ror2 and Wnt5A expressions in rat dental follicle were also observed through immunohistochemistry. Dental follicle cells from the lower first intact molar germs of 5-6-day old SD rats were separated and cultured. On the second day after birth, the dental follicle began to differentiate into periodontal tissues, but no obvious changes were observed in the alveolar bone one to three days after birth. On the fourth day, the number of osteoclasts increased significantly. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that Wnt5A was not significantly expressed in rat dental follicle tissues before the fourth day, but positive expression was expressed in the next day and continued to express to thirteenth days. Ror2 was expressed in the rat dental follicle at postnatal days 1-3, but weak expression was found in days 4-13. Wnt5A and Ror2 expressions in the process of tooth eruption have specific time distributions, suggesting that these expressions may participate in the regulation of the eruption of the teeth.

Use of Panoramic Radiography to Detect Prevalence of Impacted Third Molar AmongChineseStudents In Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sumatera Utara

Impacted tooth is defined as normal eruption path of tooth that being blocked, normally by adjacent tooth or pathology tissue until its did not grow ideally on dental arch. Third molar is the latest eruption tooth in oral cavity, between 18-25 years old, This condition may causes third molar more frequently impacted compare to other tooth due to lack of space for eruption. This study aims to know the prevalence of impacted third molar on Chinese students seen from panoramic radiography in Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sumatera Utara (USU). This research was descriptive with sample of 50 Chinese students consisting of 14 males and 36 females that experiences impaction of third molar. Sample taking method used was purposive sampling. The research was conducted in Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry USU. The results of research showed the prevalence differences on maxilla and mandibular between men and women. In conclusion, the horizontal angulation in the mandible and vertical angulation in the maxilla were the most common angular position. Type A in the mandible and type B in the maxilla were the most common types of impaction's depth. Relationship between the position of the tooth to distal of second molar on mandible more cases on class II. This research showed prevalence impacted third molar on women were 75,78% and men were 24,22%. Ratio between women to men was 3,1:1. Keyword:Impacted third molar, Panoramic radiography, Chinese students

Characteristics of the gubernaculum tracts in mesiodens and maxillary anterior teeth with delayed eruption on MDCT and CBCT

To elucidate the characteristics of the gubernaculum tracts (GTs) in maxillary anterior teeth with normal or delayed eruption and in mesiodens by using multidetector computed tomography and cone beam computed tomography. The characteristics of GTs in maxillary anterior teeth of 205 patients with impacted mesiodens were retrospectively analyzed by using multidetector computed tomography and cone beam computed tomography. The GTs of teeth with normal or delayed eruption and the GTs of mesiodens were examined. The detection ratio of GTs in impacted mesiodens and anterior teeth with delayed eruption was significantly lower than in teeth with normal eruption. A significant difference in the angulation was found between normal and delayed eruptions. Almost all detectable GTs in the inverted mesiodens were derived from the incisive canal, while the remaining were from the alveolar crest. The connecting area of major GTs to tooth in inverted mesiodens was the cervical or root area, but in all other anterior teeth, it was the crown area. GTs of inverted mesiodens may exhibit characteristics that are different from those of normal GTs when the teeth and/or the palate are developing.

Morphological relationship analysis of impacted maxillary canines and the adjacent teeth on 3-dimensional reconstructed CT images.

To examine whether there is a relationship between maxillary canine impaction and the morphologic characteristics of the maxillary dentition, especially the root of the lateral incisor. In this study, we selected only patients with unilateral maxillary canine impaction to compare the morphologic characteristics of the dentition on the impaction side and the clinically normal eruption side. The sample size was decided to be 40 based on the pilot study. To minimize bias depending on sex and location of the maxillary canine impaction, we selected equal numbers (20) of boys and girls, and equal cases (20) of buccal impaction and palatal impaction. Under the aforementioned conditions, the mean age was 13.5 ± 2.3 years. The multislice spiral computed tomography images of these 40 subjects were converted into three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed images using the OnDemand 3D program (Cybermed Co, Seoul, Korea). Then we measured the morphologic characteristics of the individual teeth on the obtained 3D teeth images. Length and volume of the maxillary lateral incisor's roots were significantly smaller on the impaction side compared with the normal eruption side (P = 0.001 and P = 0.006, respectively). The width and volume of the canine's crown were significantly greater on the impaction side compared with the normal eruption side (P = 0.020 and P < .0001, respectively). These results might help to prove the hypothesis that the smaller-sized lateral incisor roots and greater-sized canine crowns are the influential etiologic factors in maxillary canine impaction.

Crown shape of maxillary molars with delayed eruption.

The purpose of this study was to explore the crown shapes of maxillary molars with delayed eruption (DEMo1) at the position distal to the maxillary second premolar. Included teeth erupted later than the average for the maxillary first molar eruption in Japanese females (6.58 ± 0.67 years) by more than two standard deviations. Crown shapes of 12 four-cusped left DEMo1 teeth were compared with those of 25 four-cusped left maxillary first molars (U6n) and 25 four-cusped left maxillary second molars (U7n) from different patients with normal eruption. Seven landmarks were established on the reference plane containing the mesiobuccal, distobuccal and mesiolingual cusp tips of the molars; the origin was defined as the center of gravity of these three points. According to the obtained discriminant function (percentage of correct classifications, 84%), five DEMo1 teeth were classified as U6n and the other seven as U7n. The DEMo1 teeth were also classified into two subgroups, the U6n-close and U7n-close groups, according to the location of the distolingual cusp tip. These results suggest that DEMo1 teeth could include U6 and U7 with delayed eruption or could be an intermediate between U6 and U7, according to their crown shapes.

Eruption cyst due to supernumerary tooth-a chance occurrence

Eruption cyst is a benign cyst associated with a primary or permanent tooth in its soft tissue phase after erupting through the bone. This case report documents a rare case in which the presence of supernumerary tooth hindered the normal eruption of permanent right maxillary central incisor subsequently the deficient space resulted in the formation of eruption cyst. The treatment included the extraction of supernumerary tooth followed by the surgical exposure of crown of the tooth associated with the eruption cyst. The present case report illustrates that the treatment of choice must be case specific with adequate analysis of clinical and radiographic findings and should be managed appropriately in order to minimize complications to the developing and erupting tooth. Key Words: Eruption Cyst, Supernumerary Tooth, Odontogenic Cyst

Clinical parameter of odontoma with special emphasis on treatment of impacted teeth-a retrospective multicentre study and literature review.

Odontoma-separated into complex (CxOD) and compound (CpOD) subtypes-represents the most frequent odontogenic malformation. Retention of permanent teeth is a common symptom. Therefore, in a series of odontomas, an analysis of the management of retained teeth was conducted. In a retrospective multicenter study of two University Medical Centers and one private praxis in Germany, demographic and clinical data regarding odontomas from 01/2000-03/2015 were obtained. In particular, the influence of operative therapy on the dentition and on the treatment of impacted teeth was analyzed. Forty-five patients with 15 CxOD and 30 CpOD were included. Initial symptoms were delayed eruption of permanent teeth (n=11), pain (n=4), and swellings (n=2); 28 cases were discovered by incidence, all of them via panoramic radiographs. The mandible/maxilla ratio was about 1:0.55 (29/16). Thirty-five out of 45 odontomas were in close proximity of at least one tooth (n=16 at molars). A total of 14 teeth were extracted (CxOD: n=5; CpOD: n=9). Extractions had to be conducted more often in older patients (mean age 39.8 vs. 25.6years). Of the non-extracted teeth, 8 teeth were displaced and retained. Of those, 4 teeth were aligned in the dental arch via orthodontic help and 2 teeth erupted spontaneously after operation during the follow-up period. In all cases, no relapse was seen. Odontomas can cause displacement as well as malformation and resorption of the adjacent teeth. Mostly, removal of odontomas is conducted. Extirpation of odontoma can allow for normal tooth eruption, often rendering extractions avoidable. Orthodontic alignment, though sometimes challenging, is a reasonable therapeutic option. These findings underline the value of the panoramic radiograph in preventive dentistry in younger patients.

Primary failure of eruption and other eruption disorders—Considerations for management by the orthodontist and oral surgeon

Tooth eruption is a highly variable process, and the disorders that stem from a defective eruption process are often difficult to diagnose. The eruption process can range from normally timed and sequenced events to one characterized by eruption delays or a primary failure of eruption (PFE, OMIM #125350)—with partially or completely unerupted teeth in the absence of a mechanical obstruction. Our understanding of the molecular basis of tooth eruption was drastically strengthened when one gene, parathyroid hormone receptor 1 ( PTH1R ), was found to be causative for familial cases of PFE. Although PFE is a relatively rare condition, knowledge of a biological mechanism underlying the development of PFE illuminates: (1) the influence of genetics on orthodontic tooth movement in general; (2) the differential diagnosis of clinical eruption disorders; and (3) the correlation of a biologic basis with the clinical management of eruption failure. In this article, we consider the best clinical management of eruption disorders from the standpoint of what is known from a biological perspective about normal tooth eruption and therefore eruption disorders. Specifically, how the diagnosis influences the clinical management of eruption disorders using biologic versus clinical factors is considered. These advances in our understanding of normal and abnormal tooth eruption now allow for a systematic clinical diagnostic regime that may include a surgical approach or simply the elimination of treatment with a continuous archwire.

Pseudoanodontia - Orthodontics to the Rescue?

Introduction In clinical practice, delayed tooth eruption (DTE) is the most commonly encountered deviation from normal eruption time. It has been reported that DTE might be the primary or sole manifestation of local or systemic pathology.[1] Various genetic disorders and syndromes have DTE as a

Peripheral giant cell granuloma: a case report

Peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a non neoplastic reactive lesion of the gingiva, originating from the periosteum or periodontal membrane following local irritation or chronic trauma. PGCG manifests as a red-purple growth located in the gingiva or edentulous alveolar margins. The lesion can develop at any age, shows a slight female predilection. Usually, they cause one or the other problem in eruption or alignment of teeth, but may also present without disturbing the normal occlusion or eruption pattern. Management of these teeth depends on the symptoms. Presented here is a case of PGCG in relation to the lower right first premolar in a 10 year old child.

Detection and imaging characteristics of the gubernacular tract in children on cone beam and multidetector computed tomography

To elucidate the appearance and imaging characteristics of the gubernacular tract (GT) during the growth stage of children. Furthermore, this study evaluated the significance of the appearance of the GT. The visualizations of the GT were retrospectively analyzed by using panoramic radiographs and computed tomography (CT) in children. In patients with normal eruption who had unerupted permanent teeth, except maxillary central supernumerary teeth, the GT was clearly visualized as a well-defined low-density tract on CT but not on panoramic radiographs. In patients with obstructive eruption, including impaction, the GT was deformed and not visible on CT. This paper describes the frequency of detection and appearance of the GT in unerupted teeth. Preliminary data suggest that any alteration to the GT may be used to predict abnormal eruption of permanent teeth.

Root resorptions related to ectopic and normal eruption of maxillary canine teeth – A 3D study

Objective. To assess the incidence and severity of root resorption of maxillary incisors caused by ectopically and normally erupting maxillary canines and to analyse factors influencing root resorption of incisors using cone beam computed tomography. Subjects and methods. The study sample comprised 59 patients with a total of 80 canines. Forty-six of the canines, in 37 patients, were defined as ectopic and 34 canines, in 22 patients, were defined as normal. The severity of root resorptions were analysed according to studies by Ericson and Kurol. Multiple logistics regression was used to evaluate the association between various factors and root resorptions. Results. The prevalence of root resorptions was significantly higher in the ectopic canine group, 11.0% of the central incisors and 67.6% of the lateral incisors in comparison to 0% and 36.2% in the normal erupting group. Most resorptions were defined as ‘slight’ and were located in the middle third of the root. There was a statistically significant relationship between canines located mesial to the midline of the lateral incisor and root resorption on the maxillary incisors. Conclusion. The present results show that root resorption of maxillary lateral incisors was common in patients referred to CBCT imaging due to maxillary canine eruption disturbances. Although significantly more frequent in patients with ectopically erupting canines, lateral incisor resorption was also found in association with approximately every third of the normally erupting canines. The best predictor for root resorption seemed to be location of the canine mesial in relation to the midline of the lateral incisor root.

Histological observations of pulpal replacement tissue in immature dog teeth after revascularization of infected pulps.

Many studies have examined the nature of tissue formed in the canals of immature necrotic teeth, following revascularization in animals and humans. While speculations have been made that regeneration of the pulp tissue might take place in the canal, the tissue has been found to be cementum-like, bone-like, and periodontal ligament-like. The purpose of this study was to histologically examine the tissue in the root canals in immature dog teeth that had been artificially infected and then revascularized. Two 4- to 5-month-old mongrel dogs with immature teeth were used in the study. In one dog, four maxillary and four mandibular anterior teeth, and in another dog, four maxillary and five mandibular anterior teeth were used in the experiment. Pulp infection was artificially induced in the immature teeth. Revascularization was performed on all teeth by disinfecting the root canals with sodium hypochlorite irrigation and triple antibiotic intracanal dressing, completed with induction of intracanal bleeding, and sealed with an MTA plug. The access cavity was restored with silver amalgam. The animals were sacrificed 3months after revascularization procedures. The revascularized teeth and surrounding periodontal tissues were removed and prepared for histological examination. Besides cementum-like, bone-like, and periodontal ligament-like tissues formed in the canals, residual remaining pulp tissue was observed in two revascularized teeth. In four teeth, ingrowth of alveolar bone into the canals was seen; presence of bone in the root canals has the potential for ankylosis. Within the limitation of this study, it can be concluded that residual pulp tissue can remain in the canals after revascularization procedures of immature teeth with artificially induced pulp infection. This can lead to the misinterpretation that true pulpal regeneration has occurred. Ingrowth of apical bone into the root canals undergoing revascularization can interfere with normal tooth eruption if ankylosis occurs.

Radiographic predictors for maxillary canine impaction

The aims of this study were to compare 3-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of patients with unilaterally impacted canines and to determine the possible radiographic factors for prediction of maxillary canine impactions. The sample consisted of 65 patients ranging in age from 9.6 to 13.8 years. The patients comprised 43 girls and 22 boys, with a mean age of 12.1 years and a median age of 12.2 years (±SD 1.23 years). Of the impacted maxillary canines, 32 were located on the right side and 33 on the left side. CBCT radiography was available for all patients. The diagnosis of a unilaterally impacted canine was determined from the patients' dental records as a unilateral failure of the canine to erupt at its appropriate site in the dental arch in contrast to normal eruption of the contralateral side. Radiographic follow-up assessment to identify unilateral impaction was performed for 1 year. The radiographic variables generated and the specific features investigated were collected with 3-dimensional CBCT imaging and compared between the impacted and the contralateral maxillary canines. Statistically significant differences were found between the impacted and nonimpacted canines. Based on these results, clinical relevance and correlations among the variables-canine rotation, canine crown position, canine cusp tip to the midline and to the occlusal plane, canine angle to the midline, and canine angle to the lateral incisor-were considered as variables in a multivariable prediction model. A prediction model using CBCT for canine impaction was established (area under the curve, 0.965; 95% confidence interval, 0.936 to 0.995). Canine crown position, canine cusp tip to the occlusal plane, and canine angulation to the lateral incisor were the relevant predictors in this model. Prediction of canine impaction based on CBCT was excellent. The probability of canine impaction obtained from the prediction model can help orthodontists to define the optimal intervention method.

NATAL VE NEONATAL DİŞLER

The normal eruption of the primary teeth especially begins at 6-9th months of age. From delivery to this age a number of differences occur in the oral cavity as well as the general development of the infant. Comprehensive knowledge of dental needs occuring in this period is vital in order to provide sufficient oral care for the infant. Tooth eruption usually follows a chronological order with rare exceptions as natal teeth and neonatal teeth, teeth present at the time of birth and erupt within the following 30 days respectively. Natal and neonatal teeth are of rare incidence and parents and physicians have limited knowledge about management of these cases. The aim of this study was to review the important aspects of the literature about natal and neonatal teeth

Normal eruption of impacted teeth associated with a dentigerous cyst managed by simple extraction and decompression

Dentigerous cyst is an epithelial-lined cavity that encloses the crown of an unerupted tooth at the cementoenamel junction, can be either developmental or inflammatory in origin. The purpose of this paper was to report of an asymptomatic dentigerous cyst of inflammatory origin in a 7.5-year-old child who was managed by conservative means of a simple extraction, followed by decompression under local anesthesia. After 16 months of follow-up, the cyst was completely ossified, and the displaced premolars were normally erupted in the oral cavity. Similarly, we also noticed rapid root maturation of the cyst involved premolars than the contralateral premolars.

Reproduction, postnatal development, and social behavior of Ellobius lutescens Thomas, 1897 (Mammalia: Rodentia) in captivity

The reproduction, postnatal development, and social behaviors of the Transcaucasian mole vole (Ellobius lutescens) were studied in the laboratory in 2012/2013. The collected voles were kept in glass cages in captivity conditions and observations were made throughout the year. The litter size, gestation period, neonate weight, eye-opening, weaning, and earliest sexual maturity age were observed. Pups were born with 'nipple-seizing incisors'. These incisors were different from those of adults. The molars and normal incisor eruption appeared after 19-21 days. Females have three pairs of nipples. The adult females were bigger in size than the males, yet the males consumed more food than the females. Isolated individuals consumed more food than did the paired animals.

Simple treatment of ectopic eruption with a stainless steel crown

Ectopic eruption is a developmental disturbance in which the tooth fails to follow its normal eruption pathway. The purpose of this clinical report was to introduce a simple and effective way of performing ectopic eruption treatment with a stainless steel crown (SSC). In this report, the ectopic eruption case was successfully treated with SSC in 2 months. This case report demonstrates that a SSC could provide many benefits over other traditional treatment modalities and thus could be used for correcting ectopic eruption at an early age.