Normal Emission Research Articles

Fast Measuring Device for the Normal Spectral Emissivity in a Broad Temperature Range

Fast Measuring Device for the Normal Spectral Emissivity in a Broad Temperature Range

Building a database system of greenhouse gas emissions from concentrated domestic wastewater treatment plants in urbans of the Northern region to prepare for Vietnam's carbon market

In the field of wastewater treatment, a quality-assured carbon database system will serve as a basis for determining greenhouse gas emission quotas and aiming to prepare Vietnam's carbon market in the period from now to 2025. This article presents the results of calculations to determine the volume of greenhouse gas emissions (including emissions of methane CH4 and nitrous oxide N2O) from concentrated domestic wastewater treatment plants in urbans of the region North. The inventory calculation period is determined from the official operation of the plant to 2024. Total CH4 and N2O emissions during the calculation period of 29 plants correspond to normal emission scenarios (BAU) is 378.0 and 79.7 x 106 tons CO2e, low emission scenario is 363.8 and 6.4 x 106 tons CO2e, high emission scenario is 476.1 and 13,103.9 x 106 tons CO2e. On this basis, state management agencies as well as local authorities can propose the most appropriate and effective strategic directions for green growth urban development.

Ir–Zr coating through a pack cementation method for ultra-high temperature applications

An Ir–Zr intermetallic coating was prepared onto Re/Ir coated graphite through a pack cementation method. The microstructure, nanoindentation and ablation behaviors of the coating system were investigated. The Ir–Zr coating was about 20 μm thick and consisted of 4 intermetallic phases which showed a quasi-gradient transition in composition. Nanoindentation measurements indicated that most of the intermetallic phases had higher hardness but lower Young's modulus compared to pure iridium. By ablation test in a high-frequency plasma wind tunnel, the heat flux limit of the Ir–Zr coating was measured to be about 6.1 MW/m2, and the endurance time was about 100 s under this condition. The coating failed at ∼2240 °C during the ablation test when the iridium melted, but the unfused parts remained complete and in good adhesion with the iridium beneath. The average normal emissivity between 2 and 5 μm of the sample was measured to be ∼0.82 at around 2092 °C before failure, which was higher than pure iridium and bulk ZrO2.

Fast Spacecraft Charging Mitigation With Plasma Contactors During High‐Power Electron Beam Emission in the GEO Environment

AbstractThe emission of artificial electron beams causes an active spacecraft charging effect that poses challenges for electron beam sounding experiments. Plasma contactors have been suggested as a potential solution to this issue based on theoretical and simulation studies, but the impact of these contactors on spacecraft potentials in complex space environments remains unexplored. This paper investigates the fast active charging effect of spacecraft under the action of plasma contactors in the geostationary Earth orbit environment by using a two‐dimensional Particle‐in‐Cell model. We analyze and compare the effects of the “ion emission” process of the plasma contactor and the “electron collection” process of the background plasma on the spacecraft potential at different beam and environment parameters, as well as the coupling effects when both processes occur simultaneously. Our findings indicate that the “ion emission” and “electron collection” processes are the primary factors in determining the spacecraft potential in relatively thin and dense plasma environments, respectively. When the two processes occur together, the contactor plasma cloud increases the “electron collection” return current by expanding the range of the positive potential area around the spacecraft, while the dense background plasma mediates and provides the return current to ensure that the plasma contactor can effectively suppress the active charging effect even after the ion sheath is present. These results suggest that a reasonable adjustment of the contactor parameters based on the relationship between the electron beam and the background environment can effectively extend the normal emission time of the electron beam.

Report of Incidental Vulvar Malignant Melanoma Upon Dermatologic Evaluation for Vaginal Cyst

BACKGROUND: Vulvar malignant melanoma is a rare, often aggressive and recurring disease with a poorly understood prognosis. Here, we describe a patient with a longstanding vaginal cyst who was diagnosed with vulvar malignant melanoma upon a dermatologic evaluation. THE CASE: Our patient, a 53-year-old female, with a family history of a father with malignant melanoma presented for evaluation of a vaginal cyst present for over 20 years on her right labia that had become painful and began draining over the past year. She was seen twice at urgent care and was treated with oral antibiotics (unspecified) and referred to dermatology. A comprehensive dermatologic evaluation of the epidermal inclusion cyst in the right labia majora incidentally revealed a neoplasm of uncertain behavior in the right labia minora suspected for vulvar malignant melanoma (Figure 1). Shave biopsy of her right labia minora revealed a Stage 1B malignant melanoma, superficial spreading type, with a 1.1 mm depth of invasion (Breslow thickness) and 11 per 1mm2 mitotic count. Right partial radical vulvectomy and bilateral inguinal sentinel lymph node biopsies were performed. Pathology showed malignant melanoma with negative margins and negative nodes. Treatment and excision for her vaginal cyst was not initiated as her symptoms were not bothersome at the time of visit. She presented with a post-operative infection after 2 weeks which was suggestive of bilateral inguinal vulval acute cellulitis with no definitive abscess upon computed tomography (CT) scan. She was initially treated with vancomycin with additional piperacillin/tazobactam for a total of three days. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was later initiated for 14 days. Medical oncology referral for evaluation of metastasis revealed normal positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan. Notably, the patient had extensive confluent/atypical lentiginous basal melanocytic hyperplasia at the periphery which could not be distinguished from melanoma in situ. Upon tumor board consultation, scouting biopsies of her left labia majora were performed. Pathology showed melanocytic hyperplasia instead of residual malignant melanoma at the periphery. The patient now follows up every few months with dermatology and medical oncology. CONCLUSION: Given the often fast, aggressive spread of vulvar malignant melanoma, timely dermatologic evaluations are necessary. Among those at higher risk due to a personal or family history of malignant melanoma, regular total body skin cancer screenings are indicated. Further, the sensitive and typically sun-protected location of a vulvar malignant melanoma might preclude a dermatologic evaluation in this area and highlights the need for more comprehensive vaginal screenings and better communication between dermatologic and gynecologic medical care teams.

A multispectral radiometry method for measuring the normal spectral emissivity and temperature

A multispectral radiometry method was developed to simultaneously determine normal spectral emissivity of continuum spectra and temperature of materials. Linear dependence assumption would be a constraint to associate the spectral emissivity to the temperature when spectral radiance for various spectrum was measured within small temperature differences. The methodology was evaluated for different parameter constraints, and validated by seven emissivity hypothesis models. To verify the reliability of the experimental device and the multispectral radiometry method, the spectral emissivities of graphite at high temperatures were verified that the deviations between the official experimental data and the results in this work are all less than 5 %. Besides, the spectral emissivity and temperature of the graphite-carbon fiber composite in the spectral range of 0.3–2.5 μm at 1473–1873 K were measured. The temperature uniformity of the sample front surface was evaluated, and the relative error of the temperature distribution is less than 2 %. The uncertainties of the spectral emissivity and temperature in the studied spectrum are less than5.0 % and 6.0 %, respectively. The method is useful for accurately measuring the sample spectral emissivity without direct temperature measurements at high temperatures.

Change in the Normal Spectral Emissivity during Melting of Elements

Change in the Normal Spectral Emissivity during Melting of Elements

Environmental conical nozzle levitator equipped with dual wavelength lasers

AbstractThe environmental conical nozzle levitator (E‐CNL) with dual‐wavelength lasers is an extreme environment materials characterization system that was designed to investigate ultra‐high‐temperature materials: refractory metals, oxides, carbides, and borides above 3000 K in a controlled atmosphere. This article details the characterizations using this system to establish its high‐temperature capabilities and to outline ongoing work on materials under extreme conditions. The system has been used to measure the melting point of several oxide materials (TiO2, Tm = 2091 ± 3 K; Al2O3, Tm = 2310 3 K; ZrO2, Tm = 2984 31 K; and HfO2, Tm = 3199 ± 45 K) and several air‐sensitive refractory metals (Ni, Tm = 1740 K; Ti, Tm = 1983 K; Nb, Tm = 2701 K; and Ta, Tm = 3368 K—note: mean ± standard deviation) during levitation which matched literature values within 0.17–2.43 % demonstrating high accuracy and precision. This containerless measurement approach is critical for probing properties without container‐derived contamination, and dual‐wavelength laser heating is essential to heat both relatively poor electrical conductors (some refractory metals and carbides) and insulators (oxides). The highest temperature achieved utilizing both lasers in these experiments was ∼4250 ± 34 K on a 76.6 mg, molten HfO2 sample using a normal spectral emissivity of 0.91. Stable levitation was demonstrated on spherical samples (yttria‐stabilized zirconia) while adjusting levitation gas composition from pure oxygen to pure argon, verifying atmospheric control up to 3173 K on solid or molten samples. These successes demonstrate the viability of in situ high‐temperature environmentally controlled studies potentially up to 4000 K on all classes of ultra‐high‐temperature materials in one system. These measurements highlight the E‐CNL system will be essential for the development of next‐generation ultra‐high‐temperature materials for hypersonic platforms, nuclear fission and fusion, and space exploration.

Thickness and Roughness Effect of Pr2NiO4+δ Coating on the Normal Spectral Emittance

Thickness and Roughness Effect of Pr2NiO4+δ Coating on the Normal Spectral Emittance

Enhanced vacuum ultraviolet photoemission from graphene nanoribbons

Photon-energy dependence of photoemission from seven-atoms-wide armchair graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) is studied experimentally and theoretically up to eV. A strong photon energy dependence of the normal emission from the valence band maximum (VB1) is observed, sharply peaked at eV. The detailed analysis of the light-polarization dependence of the photoemission from VB1 unambiguously characterizes the symmetry of the state. The experimental observations are analyzed based on ab initio one-step theory of photoemission. Off-normal emission is studied in detail and its relation to the standing-wave character of the valence band states is discussed. Excellent agreement with the earlier experiment (Senkovskiy et al 2018 2D Mater. 5 035007) is obtained. Rapid variations of the intensity with the ribbon-transverse photoelectron momentum are predicted from the ab initio theory, which are at variance with the prediction of the tight-binding rigid-wall model. These findings can help interpret angle-resolved photoemission measurements of similar systems. Moreover, the strong enhancement of the photoyield could trigger the GNR application as narrow-band photodetectors and contribute to the design of novel photocathodes for vacuum ultraviolet photodetection.

Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers profile in scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficits (SWEDD)

BackgroundA small proportion of patients with clinical parkinsonism have normal transporter-single photon emission computed tomography (DaTSPECT) which is commonly defined as scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficits (SWEDD). A better understanding of SWEDD can improve the current therapeutic options and appropriate disease monitoring. AimWe aimed to assess CSF biomarkers levels including α-synuclein (α-syn), amyloid βeta (Aβ1–42), total tau (t-tau), and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) in SWEDD and investigate the longitudinal alteration in the CSF profile. MethodsIn total, 406 early-stage PD, 58 SWEDD, and 187 healthy controls (HCs) were entered into our study from PPMI. We compared the level of CSF biomarkers at baseline, six months, one year, and two years. Furthermore, the longitudinal alteration of CSF biomarkers was explored in each group using linear mixed models. ResultsThere was no significant difference in the level of CSF α-syn Aβ1–42, t-tau, and p-tau between HCs and SWEDD at different time points. Investigating the level of CSF α-syn in PD and SWEDD showed a significant difference at one (p = 0.016) and two years (p = 0.006). Also, we observed a significant difference in the level of CSF Aβ1–42 between SWEDD and PD at one year (p = 0.012). Moreover, there was a significant difference in the level of CSF t-tau between SWEDD and PD subjects at one (p = 0.013) and two years (p = 0.017). Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the level of CSF p-tau between SWEDD and PD groups at two years visits (p = 0.030). Longitudinal analysis showed a significant decrease after one (p = 0.029) and two years (p = 0.002) from baseline in the level of CSF α-syn only in the PD group. Also, we observed that the level of CSF Aβ1–42 significantly increased after one year in SWEDD (p = 0.031) and decreased after two years from baseline in PD subjects (p = 0.005). Moreover, there was a significant increase in the level of CSF t-tau after two years (p = 0.036) and CSF p-tau after six months from baseline in SWEDD subjects (p = 0.011). ConclusionThis finding suggests a faster neurodegeneration process in PD patients compared to SWEDD at least based on these biomarkers. Future studies with longer follow-up duration and more sample sizes are necessary to validate our results.

Simultaneous 2.25/8.60 GHz Observations of the Magnetar XTE J1810-197

We did 194 epochs of simultaneous 2.25/8.60 GHz observations of XTE J1810−197 in 926 days shortly following its reactivation in 2018 with Shanghai Tian Ma Radio Telescope (TMRT). Although its integrated profiles changed with both time and frequency during this period, they could be classified into 12 types according to phase areas of active radiation components. After MJD 59015, XTE J1810−197 turned from the normal emission state into the spiky emission state that was manifesting as a series of bright narrow sub-pulse bursts at both 2.25 and 8.60 GHz. Due to its variable integrated profiles and unsteady rotations, we got the spin frequency ν and spin-frequency derivatives with the piecewise fitting method. In addition, its long-term declining trend of ν was also obtained as s−2 with the linear fitting method based on our observations spanning a comparatively longer period. We found its flux densities went through three stages: sharp decrease, stabilization, and day-to-day fluctuations in our dual-frequency observations. Although the flux density showed different stages, XTE J1810−197 showed a relatively flat spectrum (α > –1) in most observations. Assuming an ideal dipole magnetic field as some previous research works, we obtained the emission heights of XTE J1810−197 were about 7.5(9) × 104 km and 2.38(7) × 104 km at 2.25 and 8.60 GHz, respectively. We also found that its emission heights would decrease rapidly with the degree of magnetic field twisting.

Fast spacecraft charging induced by a high-power electron beam emission and its mitigation through a plasma contactor

Active sounding experiments, including tracing magnetic field lines and magnetospheric sounding, may be accomplished in the GEO environment by the active emission of high-power electron beams. The continual emission of electron beam pulses during such experiments may result in the accumulation of positive charges on the spacecraft surface and a rise in the spacecraft potential, which might prohibit the normal emission of succeeding pulses. The plasma contactor has been shown to be a reliable method for neutralizing the spacecraft potential. But as the active charging effect brought on by the high-current electron beam manifests itself more quickly, it is still unknown whether the plasma contactor can reliably control the spacecraft potential in this circumstance. In this study, a two-dimensional PIC model is used to examine the active charging effect brought on by high-power electron beam emission. Findings indicate that the potential neutralization process may be affected by the ion sheath that forms close to the emitting surface of the plasma contactor, which cuts the electrical connection between the spacecraft and plasma in space. By evaluating the quantities and growth speeds of different particles during active charging, we discover that lowering the particle density or pre-emission time of the plasma contactor may bring the spacecraft potential to the equilibrium state. Additionally, the high-current electron beam raises the peak potential, making it more difficult to launch the electron beam properly before the spacecraft potential reaches equilibrium. In contrast, the high-energy electron beam is less susceptible to the active charging effect.

Vacuum large-aperture blackbody model in the temperature range 223.15–423.15 K for radiometric calibration of optoelectronic equipment for Earth observation

The structure of the systems for the radiometric calibration of the remote sensing optoelectronic equipment in the infrared spectral range is presented. The analysis of existing facilities for the radiometric calibration of the remote sensing optoelectronic equipment in conditions of vacuum and low-background radiation was carried out. These facilities are based on using of the blackbody models as radiation sources, including reference sources based on the phase transition of pure metals, for example gallium or indium. The wide-aperture blackbody model LABB-380 with an aperture diameter of 380 mm in the temperature range from 223.15 K up to 423.15 K has been developed for a high-vacuum low-background stand, which is currently being developed at the Sciences Research Institute of Optoelectronic Instrumentation for the radiometric calibration of the remote sensing optoelectronic equipment. The results of calculating the normal effective emissivity of the surface of the LABB-380 in the temperature range from 223.15 K to 423.15 K in the spectral range from 3 to 20 μm are presented. The metrological characteristics of LABB-380 obtained during the transmission of a temperature unit from the zero discharge State Standard using a comparator based on the precision pyrometer HETRONIXS are investigated and presented. The instability of the LABB-380 radiation was 0.005 K according to the calibration results in the temperature range from 300.15 K to 390.15 K, and the extended temperature uncertainty was 0.66 K at the temperature of 300.15 K and 0.88 K at a temperature of 390.15 K.

Influence of the oxidation on the optical properties of Mo-Si-Ti, Ta-Mo-Cr-Al and Ta-Mo-Cr-Ti-Al alloys

Three refractory element-based alloys were oxidized for 6 h at 1100 °C in air inside a muffle furnace and the way the oxidation, especially through the evolution of the surface composition and roughness, affects the optical properties of these materials is discussed here. The ternary Mo-20.0Si-52.8Ti (at%) serves as an example of Mo-based alloys, while the equimolar Ta-Mo-Cr-Al (TMCA) and Ta-Mo-Cr-Ti-Al (TMCTA) are typical of the class of oxidation-resistant refractory compositionally complex alloys. The normal spectral emissivity of these three samples was increased due to the oxidation process. Oxidized TMCA and TMCTA exhibit a solar absorptivity higher than that of state-of-the-art Ni-based alloys used for solar receivers in concentrated solar power plants. Thus, the two refractory compositionally complex alloys are considered promising candidates for solar thermal energy conversion application.

Development and characterization of a high-emissivity reference blackbody radiation source with V-grooves and large aperture at low-temperature

A high-emissivity blackbody radiation source can improve the measurement level of infrared radiation temperature, which is critical for applications in high-value industries and human health monitoring. In this study, a new high-emissivity blackbody source with V-grooves and large aperture was redesigned and developed, which can be used as a radiation temperature reference source for the calibration of secondary blackbody sources and precision radiation thermometers in the temperature range from −10 ℃ to 100 ℃, including the temperature range of human body infrared radiation considered in the study of people exhibiting fever symptoms. The wavelengths of the infrared spectral radiation temperatures involved in the study were in the range of 8–14 μm. The blackbody source consisted of a blackbody cavity, a jet-stirred precision constant-temperature bath, a standard platinum resistance thermometer, a high-precision digital multimeter, a frost-proof cover, and an auxiliary test frame. The cavity was cylindrical and conical with a diameter of 60 mm, a conical top angle of 120°, and a total length of 300 mm. The V-grooves with an angle of 50° on the inner wall were coated with high-emissivity coatings. The cavity was then completely immersed in a thermostatic bath. The radiation temperature of the blackbody source was traced to the International Temperature Scale of 1990 using a standard platinum resistance thermometer, which was calibrated at fixed-points of the Ar, Hg, H2O, Sn, and Zn. The experimental results revealed that the normal effective emissivity of the blackbody measured by the thermal cavity reflectometer method was 0.999 751, which is consistent with the theoretical calculation results based on the Monte Carlo method using optical ray tracing technology. In addition, the accuracy of the radiation temperature was verified by comparing it with a reference blackbody source from the National Institute of Metrology (NIM), China. The temperature stability of the blackbody source did not exceed 0.005 ℃ within 30 min, the axial temperature uniformity of the blackbody cavity did not exceed 0.048 ℃, and the temperature uniformity at the bottom of the cavity was better than 0.053 ℃. The combined standard uncertainty of the radiation temperature of the blackbody radiation source was evaluated from 0.010 ℃ to 0.032 ℃. The novel design with 50° V-grooves allowed for the blackbody source to provide the combination of a large aperture and high emissivity, which improved radiance temperature measurements. The reliability of the new design was experimentally verified. This design provides a novel method and experimental basis for the future design of compact light-weight blackbody sources, which is useful for the development of compact spaceborne blackbody sources.

A fluorescent probe based on modulation of ESIPT signaling for the highly selective detection of N2H4 and cell-imaging

The broad occurrence of the hydrazine (N2H4) residues in aqueousenvironment is a potential threat to human health. Currently, the mainstream strategy for designing N2H4-specific probes is to functionalize a fluorophore with nucleophilic sites for the reductionreaction with N2H4. In this work, we designed and synthesized an excited-state intermolecular proton transfer (inter-ESPT) fluorescent dye(2-amino-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7,8-dihydro-5H-spiro[quinoline-6,2′-[1,3]dioxolane]-3-carbonitrilem, DQN) and used it as a probe to sense N2H4. DQN exhibits blue fluorescence in conventional solvents, which is assigned to its normal emission. In the presence of N2H4, the probe DQN can anchor the N2H4 molecule via hydrogen binding, enabling DQN to undergo inter-ESPT process and light up its tautomeric fluorescence. From this basis, an inter-ESPT-based method for N2H4 detection was established, offering high selectivity and sensitivity (11.5 nM). Furthermore, we demonstrated that the probe DQN can recognize the proteins in living cells, affording cell-imaging. This research provides a promising sensing strategy for monitoring N2H4 in water environments and this inter-ESPT dye is a powerful tool for cell-imaging.

Radiomics for the detection of diffusely impaired myocardial perfusion: A proof-of-concept study using 13N-ammonia positron emission tomography

AimThe current proof-of-concept study investigates the value of radiomic features from normal 13N-ammonia positron emission tomography (PET) myocardial retention images to identify patients with reduced global myocardial flow reserve (MFR). MethodsData from 100 patients with normal retention 13N-ammonia PET scans were divided into two groups, according to global MFR (i.e., < 2 and ≥ 2), as derived from quantitative PET analysis. We extracted radiomic features from retention images at each of five different gray-level (GL) discretization (8, 16, 32, 64, and 128 bins). Outcome independent and dependent feature selection and subsequent univariate and multivariate analyses was performed to identify image features predicting reduced global MFR. ResultsA total of 475 radiomic features were extracted per patient. Outcome independent and dependent feature selection resulted in a remainder of 35 features. Discretization at 16 bins (GL16) yielded the highest number of significant predictors of reduced MFR and was chosen for the final analysis. GLRLM_GLNU was the most robust parameter and at a cut-off of 948 yielded an accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive value of 67%, 74%, 58%, 64%, and 69%, respectively, to detect diffusely impaired myocardial perfusion. ConclusionA single radiomic feature (GLRLM_GLNU) extracted from visually normal 13N-ammonia PET retention images independently predicts reduced global MFR with moderate accuracy. This concept could potentially be applied to other myocardial perfusion imaging modalities based purely on relative distribution patterns to allow for better detection of diffuse disease.

Study of the roughness effect on the normal spectral emissivity of GH3044

The normal spectral emissivity is a significant parameter characterizing the radiative capacity of the object's surface. However, the normal spectral emissivity of superalloys varies with the rough state of the surface, causing unacceptable errors in radiation thermometry and heat transfer calculation for aero-engines and gas turbines. A computational method for estimating the effect of roughness on the normal spectral emissivity of superalloys was established based on constructing randomly rough surfaces. Through this method, the effect of roughness on four emissivity models commonly used in multispectral radiometric thermometry (MRT) was computationally evaluated, and the relationship between roughness and spectral emissivity was quantitatively analyzed. In addition, the normal spectral emissivity of GH3044 superalloy with different rough surfaces at 300 K and high temperatures was experimentally measured and compared with the result calculated by this computational method. Their maximum relative error was close to ± 5 % for the rough surface without emissivity oscillation. This study promotes understanding the mechanism of normal spectral emissivity varying with roughness.

Cuminaldehyde-3-hydroxy-2-napthoichydrazone: Synthesis, effect of solvents, nonlinear optical activity, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity, and DFT analysis

Hydrazones derived from essential oil components have attracted considerable interest because of their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and nonlinear optical applications. In the present work, a new essential oil component derivative (EOCD), cuminaldehyde-3-hydroxy-2-napthoichydrazone (CHNH), was synthesized. EOCD was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C) spectroscopy, elemental analysis, ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. Thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction showed a higher stability, phase-pure, and non-existent isomorphic phase transition in EOCD. Solvent studies indicated that the normal emission band was caused by the locally excited state and the large Stokes shifted emission originated because of the twisted intramolecular charge transfer. The EOCD possessed higher direct and indirect band gap energies of 3.05 eV and 2.90 eV respectively, as determined by the Kubelka–Munk algorithm. The outcomes of frontier molecular orbitals, global reactivity descriptors, Mulliken, and molecular electrostatic potential surface by density functional theory calculations revealed high intramolecular charge transfer, good realistic stability, and high reactiveness of EOCD. The hydrazone EOCD exhibited higher hyperpolarizability (18.248 × 10−30 esu) in comparison to urea. Antioxidant test results indicated that EOCD showed significant antioxidant activity (p < 0.05), as determined by the DPPH radical scavenging assay. The newly synthesized EOCD showed no antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus. Additionally, the EOCD showed good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis.