Concrete is widely used in construction due to its superior performance but has limited ductility. This investigation aims to enhance ductility by incorporating 3D-printed polymer-reinforced cement composites. We explored functionally graded triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) lattice structures, fabricated using photo-curing 3D printing with ABS-like resins in a cementitious matrix. These lattice structures feature varying relative densities for optimized toughness. Three-point bending tests and digital image correlation (DIC) revealed notable enhancements in flexural properties and crack resistance. The Gyroid50-30 structure increased flexural toughness by 88.6% compared to normal cement mortar. Gyroid60-20 and Gyroid40-40 groups, with different density gradients, showed improvements of 499.2% and 389.8%, respectively. This research suggests that tailoring lattice shape and density gradient can effectively optimize flexural performance.
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