Non-type Material Research Articles

The Genus Phyllopsora, With a Report On East African Species

AbstractMorphological, anatomical, and chemical studies have been made of the types of about 90% of the world's reported Phyllopsora species, of types in related genera, and of much non-type material, including specimens collected in recent years by the authors and other botanists in East Africa. The findings are reported, and on their basis an attempt is made to delimit the genus. A detailed account is given, with key, of the East African species. The following 11 species are reported for East Africa, three of them being newly described: Phyllopsora albicans Mull. Arg., P. breviuscula (Nyl.) Mull. Arg., P. buettneri (Mull. Arg.) Zahlbr., P. chlorophaea (Mull. Arg.) Zahlbr., P. confusa sp. nov., P. haemophaea (Nyl.) Mull. Arg., P. martinii sp. nov., P. mediocris sp. nov., P. pannosa Mull. Arg., P. santensis (Tuck.) comb, nov., P. thaleriza (Stirton) G. Schneider. In addition one species is reported as undetermined (Species A). The following taxa are reduced to synonymy: Phyllopsora porphyromelaena (Vainio) Zahlbr. and P. formosana Zahlbr. with P. albicans; P. brachyspora Mull. Arg. with P. breviuscula; P. subparvifolia (Mull. Arg.) Mull. Arg. and Lecidea schizophylla (Vainio) Malme with P. chlorophaea; P. kiiensis (Vainio) G. Schneider and Lecidea schizophylla var. isidiata Malme with P. haemophaea; P. miradorensis (Vainio) G. Schneider with P. santensis; Psora ochroxantha f. aelhiopica (Stizenb.) Dodge with P. thaleriza; Lecidea ernstiana Mull. Arg. with P. ochroxantha (Nyl.) Zahlbr.; P. melanocarpa Mull. Arg. with Neophyllis pachyphylla (Mull. Arg.) G. Schneider; P. schizophylloides (Malme) G. Schneider with P. munda (Malme) Zahlbr.; and P. spinulosa (Vainio) Zahlbr. with P. polydactyla (Mull. Arg.) Zahlbr. The following new names and combinations are made: Bacidia laciniosa nom. nov., B. spruceana (Mull. Arg.) comb, nov., Phyllopsora bibula (Taylor) comb, nov., P. glabriuscula (Nyl.) comb, nov., P. janeirensis (Mull. Arg.) comb, nov., P. microphyllina (Tuck, ex Nyl.) comb, nov., P. pertexta (Nyl.) comb, nov., P. pyrrhomelaena (Tuck.) comb, nov., and P. santensis (Tuck.) comb. nov.

Redescriptions of Anaphothrips orchidaceus and A. orchidearum (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

Although both Anaphothrips orchidaceus Bagnall and A. orchidearum Bondar have long been known to be economically significant thrips on orchids, no functional description for separating them has been recorded, and the validity of the latter species has never been scrutinized. An earlier attempt to study them (Sakimura 1955) brought no results because the type specimens of A. orchidearum were not where they were presumably deposited. Upon my recent visit, L. J. Stannard at Urbana, Illinois, showed me the type slide which was on loan from the American Museum of Natural History. Soon thereafter, syntypes of both species as well as a long series of non-type material became available on loan from the U. S. National Museum through arrangement by Kellie O'Neill. S. F. Bailey also provided a loan of some other slides. Acknowledgments are due to all of them for their gracious cooperation. As will be shown in the text, the two taxa are readily separable on the subspecies level by wing color, antennal structure, and other minor differences. They are herewith designated as Antaphothrips orchidaceus subsp. orchidaceus (Bagnall) and Anaphothrips orchidaceus subsp. orchidearum (Bondar).