Non-medical Workers Research Articles

The Influence of Human Resources, Facilities and Infrastructure To Hemodialization Patient Satisfaction in Bhayangkara Hospital TK. 1 Raden Said Soekanto Jakarta

<p><em>Hemodialysis is one type of therapy for kidney failure patients that many suffer from in Indonesia. Identification of problems in this study consisted of a lack of nurses and non-medical staff working in the Hemodialysis room, lack of facilities and infrastructure in Hemodialysis rooms such as toilets for visitors, narrow hemodialysis space so that beds between patients were close together, consultation room for patients with doctors, the location of Hemodialysis rooms is less strategic than major roads, and there is no isolation room specifically for Hepatitis B patients. Phenomena that often occur in some hospitals, especially related to the ability of human resources in caring for patients who already have Hemodialysis training certificates as a benchmark for the ability of ideal and actual human resources. Another problem is that the application of technology that has not been optimal has an effect on patient satisfaction, an environment that is not yet conducive which has an effect on patient satisfaction and the provision of incentives to HD room staff is inadequate which influences service and impacts patient</em><em></em></p><p><em>This research is needed to study and analyze how much influence human resources and facilities and infrastructure have on the satisfaction of hemodialysis patients at TK I Raden Said Soekanto Bhayangkara Hospital, Jakarta.</em> <em>The design of the research is using descriptive analysis and regression analysis. To meet the research objectives set, the research design used a survey method with a quantitative approach using questionnaires to collect data. The construction of a questionnaire or list of questions is based on perception.</em></p><em>The results showed a positive and significant relationship between Human Resources and Hemodialysis Patient Satisfaction at Bhayangkara Tk.I Hospital, Soekanto Hospital, East Jakarta. Correlation of test results in the form of strong positive results. Human resources have a contribution of 42.6% to patient satisfaction. The results also showed a positive and significant relationship between Facilities and Infrastructure on Hemodialysis Patient Satisfaction at Bhayangkara Tk.I Hospital, Soekanto Hospital, East Jakarta. Correlation of test results in the form of strong positive results. Facilities and infrastructure contributed 43.7% to patient satisfaction. The results showed a positive and significant relationship between human resources and infrastructure simultaneously to Hemodialysis Patient Satisfaction at Bhayangkara Tk.I Hospital, Soekanto Hospital, East Jakarta. Human resources and infrastructure simultaneously contribute 56.9% to patient satisfaction.</em>

Substance Use and Co-occurring Physical Health Problems: File Review of a Residential Drug and Alcohol Treatment Service

Objectives: Physical health conditions cause significant disability and mortality among people living with alcohol and other drug problems. There has been limited research on the prevalence of health problems among clinical samples of people with substance use disorders, particularly among those in residential treatment. Yet residential settings provide unique opportunity for responding to health needs. To better understand the health of people attending treatment for substance use disorders, this study conducted a file review to examine the prevalence of physical health problems as identified during routine residential care. Methods: A retrospective review of client files collected between 2013 and 2017 (N = 172) was completed at a residential treatment service in NSW, Australia. Data were extracted to examine the prevalence of physical health problems recorded at entry into treatment. Correlates of health problems were estimated using bivariate descriptive analyses and logistic regression. Results: The majority of clients in treatment for substance use had a comorbid physical health problem (80.7%). Musculoskeletal problems were the most frequently reported medical issue (38.6%). Odds for some physical health problems were related to client gender, age, and primary substance of concern. Male gender remained the strongest predictor of dental health problems when controlling for age and substance type (odds ratio [OR] = 3.60). Primary alcohol use remained the strongest predictor of nutritional deficiencies when controlling for client age (OR = 4.43). Among clients with a physical health problem and who had a treatment episode of at least 14 days (n = 110), just over half (55.5%) were referred to a health-related practitioner or service during their treatment episode. Conclusions: This study contributes to the literature by reporting on the incidence of physical health problems among people in residential treatment for substance use disorders. The high prevalence of physical health morbidity iterates the role of non-medical staff working within drug and alcohol services in the identification of client health needs. The findings support calls for systematic screening of physical health as part of routine care for substance use disorders improved integration of substance treatment and the broader primary health care system.

Prevalence of chronic venous pathology in healthcare workers and the role of upright standing.

Chronic venous disease (CVD) affects around 25% of adult population in developed countries and it often represent a health problem for different kind of workers, in particular for who spend much of the working time in upright standing. The study was carried out on a population of 173 nonmedical workers of a midsize hospital in Italy (91 nurse, 31 support staff workers and 51 employees). The study protocol was taken from a previous study of our group and included a clinical examination and a questionnaire. From the analysis of data it emerged a particular importance of upright standing as major risk factor for CVD. The prevalence of venous pathology seems to be greater among nurses and auxiliaries than the administrative staff and, as expected, it was significantly higher among female workers than in males. The results obtained show that the clinical-diagnostic protocol described can be used by doctors for screening venous pathology at workplaces.

Morbidity Profile and Self-medication Practice among the Non-Medical Workers Employed at a Private Health Care Institute in Mangaluru: A Cross Sectional Study

Background: Self medication is a public health concern at global level considering the rise of drug resistance cases. There are no published studies in India regarding the burden of self medication among Non medical workers employed at a private health care institute. So this study was undertaken with the following objectives: (1) To know morbidity profile and to find out preferential condition for self medication, (2) To identify the portal of access to drugs for self medication among the Non medical workers employed at a private health care institute. Materials and Methods: An interview based descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among the Non medical workers employed at a prominent private health care institute of Mangalore city. Non-medical workers were assessed for their: (1) Morbidity (health condition suffered in last one year) status, (2) Preferential health condition for self-medication and (3) Portal of access to drugs for self medication. The data was analysed using SPSS Software for windows, version 16.0. The results are presented as frequencies and proportions in appropriate tables. Results: Three hundred twenty Non medical workers had participated in the study. More than half (53.8%) of the respondents were between 25 to Key words: Non-medical workers, Self-medication, Morbidity, Private health care institute.

Nivel de conocimiento sobre soporte vital básico del personal no médico de una institución de salud, Pasto- Colombia, 2017

Objetivo: el objetivo de la presente investigación es describir el nivel de conocimiento acerca de soporte vital básico, del personal asistencial no médico del servicio de urgencias de una institución de salud, en la ciudad de Pasto-Colombia, en el año 2017. La parada cardiorrespiratoria corresponde a la interrupción brusca, inesperada y potencialmente reversible de la respiración y la actividad mecánica cardíaca; que requiere de la implementación de medidas de reanimación, cuyo éxito depende del nivel conocimiento y habilidades del personal que la lleva a cabo Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. El nivel de conocimiento se determinó mediante un cuestionario diseñado para tal fin. Resultados: se reclutaron en total 58 participantes. En 39,65% de los casos el nivel de conocimiento fue aceptable, mientas que se consideró adecuado en un 41,37% de los casos. Los puntajes fueron más altos en el grupo con capacitación en soporte vital básico o avanzado en los dos años previos. Conclusiones: la capacitación continua en soporte vital, representa una estrategia que conlleva a la obtención de mejores niveles de conocimiento en reanimación cardiopulmonar que, posiblemente impacten, en los desenlaces del paro cardiaco intrahospitalario.

Problematics of proving the fact of occupational TB in health care workers.

The incidence of tuberculosis in medical per­sonnel in the Dnipropetrovsk region, incl. TB facilities, was analyzed for the period from 2008 to 2017. Occupational TB is an important indicator of infection control efficacy in health care facilities. Despite reducing trend of incidence in entire population and medical workers, their morbidity rates exceeded Ukrainian average ones by 25.0% and 2.5 times, respectively. There is about one and a half thousand employees in TB facilities of Dnipropetrovsk region. Their TB incidence rate was almost 5 times (p≤0.05) higher than in employees of other health care institutions and 6.6 times (p≤0.05) exceeded incidence of tuberculosis in community. In TB facilities, the highest incidence was registered among nurses – 506.8 per 100000. Non-medical workers have the second rank of incidence (409.4 per 100000). They did not contact TB patients directly, but inhaled air containing Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The incidence of TB in doctors and hospital attendants was lower – 384.6 and 357.1 per 100000, respectively. Nurses prevailed among TB-ill medical personnel of TB facilities – 41±3,4%. Hospital attendants had morbidity of 24±5,4%, non-medical stuff – 22±5,2%, doctors – 13±4,%. The confirmation of healthcare workers’ occupational TB cases is complicated. Taking info account that this infection is widely spread in community it is necessary to reveal active and latent tuberculosis infection with the quantiferon test and other modern methods, as well as to carry out genotyping of mycobacterium tuberculosis for finding epidemiological links in nosocomial TB transmission. To reduce the risks of occupational disease, it is important to carry out trainings on TB infection control for medical personnel and support staff.

High prevalence of epilepsy in onchocerciasis endemic health areas in Democratic Republic of the Congo

BackgroundA high prevalence of epilepsy has been observed in many onchocerciasis endemic regions. This study is to estimate the prevalence of active epilepsy and exposure to Onchocerca volvulus infection in a rural population in Ituri province, Democratic Republic of Congo.MethodsIn August 2016, a community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in an onchocerciasis endemic area in the rural health zone of Logo, Ituri Province. Households within two neighbouring health areas were randomly sampled. To identify persons with epilepsy, a three-stage approach was used. In the first stage, all individuals of the selected households were screened for epilepsy by non-medical field workers using a validated 5-item questionnaire. In the second and third stage, suspected cases of epilepsy were examined by non-specialist medical doctors, and by a neurologist, respectively. A case of epilepsy was defined according to the 2014 International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) guidelines. Exposure to O. volvulus was assessed by testing for IgG4 antibodies to an O. volvulus antigen (OV16 Rapid Test,) in individuals aged 3 years and older.ResultsOut of 1389 participants included in the survey, 64 were considered to have active epilepsy (prevalence 4.6%) (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.6–5.8). The highest age-specific epilepsy prevalence estimate was observed in those aged 20 to 29 years (8.2%). Median age of epilepsy onset was 10 years, with a peak incidence of epilepsy in the 10 to 15 year-old age group. OV16 test results were available for 912 participants, of whom 30.5% (95% CI, 27.6–33.6) tested positive. The prevalence of OV16 positivity in a village ranged from 8.6 to 68.0%. After adjusting for age, gender and ivermectin use, a significant association between exposure to onchocerciasis and epilepsy was observed (adjusted odds ratio = 3.19, 95% CI: 1.63–5.64) (P < 0.001).ConclusionsA high prevalence of epilepsy and a significant association between epilepsy and exposure to O. volvulus were observed in the population in Ituri province, Democratic Republic of Congo. There is an urgent need to implement a CDTI programme and to scale up an epilepsy treatment and care programme.

Rehabilitation policy for drug addicted offenders in China: current trends, patterns, and practice implications

ABSTRACTDrug use in China is both associated with criminal behaviour and regarded as social deviance. Drug addicted offenders can either be assigned criminal punishment or compulsory drug treatment, depending on the severity of the crimes they have committed. Compulsory drug treatment is in many ways similar to imprisonment in China. However, both compulsory drug treatment and imprisonment fail to prevent drug relapse. The authorities have implemented methadone maintenance treatment and non-medical social work interventions, although they are still in their infancy. More efforts should be made to deliver post-institutionalization programmes to help ex-inmates stay away from drugs and crime.

The economic cost of inadequate sleep.

To estimate the economic cost (financial and nonfinancial) of inadequate sleep in Australia for the 2016-2017 financial year and relate this to likely costs in similar economies. Analysis was undertaken using prevalence, financial, and nonfinancial cost data derived from national surveys and databases. Costs considered included the following: (1) financial costs associated with health care, informal care provided outside healthcare sector, productivity losses, nonmedical work and vehicle accident costs, deadweight loss through inefficiencies relating to lost taxation revenue and welfare payments; and (2) nonfinancial costs of loss of well-being. They were expressed in US dollars ($). The estimated overall cost of inadequate sleep in Australia in 2016-2017 (population: 24.8 million) was $45.21 billion. The financial cost component was $17.88 billion, comprised of as follows: direct health costs of $160 million for sleep disorders and $1.08 billion for associated conditions; productivity losses of $12.19 billion ($5.22 billion reduced employment, $0.61 billion premature death, $1.73 billion absenteeism, and $4.63 billion presenteeism); nonmedical accident costs of $2.48 billion; informal care costs of $0.41 billion; and deadweight loss of $1.56 billion. The nonfinancial cost of reduced well-being was $27.33 billion. The financial and nonfinancial costs associated with inadequate sleep are substantial. The estimated total financial cost of $17.88 billion represents 1.55 per cent of Australian gross domestic product. The estimated nonfinancial cost of $27.33 billion represents 4.6 per cent of the total Australian burden of disease for the year. These costs warrant substantial investment in preventive health measures to address the issue through education and regulation.

Retirement ages of senior UK doctors: national surveys of the medical graduates of 1974 and 1977

ObjectiveTo report on retirement ages of two cohorts of senior doctors in the latter stages of their careers.DesignQuestionnaires sent in 2014 to all medical graduates of 1974 and 1977.SettingUK.Participants3695 UK...

Organizational Justice and Turnover Intention among Medical and Non-Medical Workers in University Teaching Hospitals

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to establish the difference in organizational justice perceptions and effects organizational justice dimensions on turnover intentions of workers in university teaching hospitals. The study adopted analytic descriptive survey design with quantitative methodology. Data were collected from university teaching hospitals in Nigeria through distribution and retrieval of 503 copies of questionnaire which was designed on a 5- point Likert scale response continuum of strongly agree to strongly disagree with corresponding weights from 5 to 1. Data were analysed with one way analysis of variance, Duncan post hoc test and multiple regression analysis. The findings of this study demonstrated that there was a significant difference in organizational justice perception among junior, senior and management staff in teaching hospitals; there was a significant difference in organizational justice perception among medical doctors, paramedics and supporting staff in teaching hospitals; distributive justice had non-significant positive effect on turnover intention among others. There is dearth of empirical literature in organizational justice and turnover intent in teaching hospitals in the Nigerian context. This research paper bridged the knowledge gaps, demonstrated policy inadequacies in the health sector and proffered possible way forward to mitigate the incidence of industrial unrest.

Hospital–Community Partnerships: Facilitating Communication for Population Health on Columbus’ South Side

ABSTRACTPrevious studies have focused on the role anchor institutions play in community development. However, less attention has been directed to how hospitals can effectively partner with community-organizations and residents as part of population health efforts. This article examines community views of one initiative developed by a major American children’s hospital in partnership with local community organizations. The data for this study come from 35 in-depth interviews with local residents from the neighborhood adjacent to the hospital and two interviews with hospital administrators. Our findings suggest that the contexts in which hospitals and other non-profit corporations operate pose unique challenges to effective communication. In particular, hospitals and community organizations may think differently about the merits and nature of open communication. Especially when acting as anchor institutions working beyond their formal medical expertise, hospitals may struggle to communicate the scope and goals of their non-medical work in the community.

Empathy for others\u2019 suffering and its mediators in mental health professionals

Empathy is a complex cognitive and affective process that allows humans to experience concern for others, comprehend their emotions, and eventually help them. In addition to studies with healthy subjects and various neuropsychiatric populations, a few reports have examined this domain focusing on mental health workers, whose daily work requires the development of a saliently empathic character. Building on this research line, the present population-based study aimed to (a) assess different dimensions of empathy for pain in mental health workers relative to general-physicians and non-medical workers; and (b) evaluate their relationship with relevant factors, such as moral profile, age, gender, years of experience, and workplace type. Relative to both control groups, mental health workers exhibited higher empathic concern and discomfort for others’ suffering, and they favored harsher punishment to harmful actions. Furthermore, this was the only group in which empathy variability was explained by moral judgments, years of experience, and workplace type. Taken together, these results indicate that empathy is continuously at stake in mental health care scenarios, as it can be affected by contextual factors and social contingencies. More generally, they highlight the importance of studying this domain in populations characterized by extreme empathic demands.

Medical Predictions for 2017

The administrative control of medical care by the Third Party Conglomerate will continue to exceed the cost of the US Defense Budget and reach about one-fourth of the Gross National Product by 2020-and the public will still not be able to find out how many desk clerks are employed by Medicare, Medicaid and the other medical system parasites in the Third Party Conglomerate who tell physicians how to practice the conglomerate's pretense of the Art and Science of Medicine. Because of parasitism on physicians, the Third Party Conglomerate will employ the largest number of non-medical workers in the US. To return to the traditional Hippocratic medical practice model would put millions out of sham unnecessary work.

Insomnia in female nurses: a nationwide retrospective study

Objective. This study explored the incidence of insomnia in female nursing staff and compared the incidence with that in other medical and nonmedical female workers. Methods. This retrospective study analyzed female nurses with insomnia using data from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2008. The incidence of insomnia in other female medical workers and nonmedical female workers was also analyzed and compared with that of the nurses. Using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, each study patient was identified by ID number. The incidence and rate ratio of insomnia were calculated according to their outpatient claims. Results. Compared with other medical and nonmedical female workers, female nurses had higher incidences of adjustment insomnia and psychophysiological insomnia. However, female nurses had a lower incidence of nonorganic insomnia than did other female medical personnel. Older participants and those with the comorbidities of depressive and respiratory disorders had a higher risk of insomnia than did younger participants and those with other comorbidities. Conclusion. We suggest that nurses should be encouraged to relax in order to facilitate stress relief and improve their quality of sleep.

A nationwide population analysis of antenatal and perinatal complications among nurses and nonmedical working women

ObjectiveLimited information is available on health issues during pregnancy and after childbirth among nurses, especially on a nationwide level. This study thus aimed to compare antenatal and perinatal complications between nurses and nonmedical working women in Taiwan. Materials and MethodsThis nationwide population-based study was conducted using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. A total of 44,166 nurses and 442,107 nonmedical working women with full-time employment, aged 20–50 years, who gave birth to singletons were identified between 2007 and 2011. Logistic regression analyses (generalized estimating equation method) were used to compare risks between the two groups. ResultsMultivariable analyses showed that nurses had a significantly higher risk of anemia [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.37; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.31–1.44], placenta previa, and abruptio placentae (AOR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.07–1.20), and pregnancy-associated hypertensive diseases and preeclampsia (AOR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.03–1.18) during the antenatal period than nonmedical working women. Moreover, they also experienced an increased risk of malpresentation (AOR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.26–1.34), dystocia (AOR, 1.09; 95%, CI 1.06–1.13), preterm delivery (AOR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.03–1.13), premature rupture of membranes (AOR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.05–1.14), and post-term delivery (AOR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.07–1.16) during the perinatal period. ConclusionOur nationwide population-based study revealed increased risks of antenatal and perinatal complications among nurses compared with those among nonmedical working women. The large-scale observation of the increased antenatal and perinatal complications draws attention to the health issues faced by nursing personnel who represent one of the most important workforces in the healthcare system.

The laparoscopic approach is more preferred among nurses for benign gynecologic conditions than among nonmedical working women: A nationwide study in Taiwan

ObjectiveTo compare the use of laparoscopy and laparotomy for hysterectomy in treating benign gynecological conditions in nurses and nonmedical working women. Materials and MethodsA nationwide population-based study was conducted using data from inpatient expenditures of Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Datasets between 2008 and 2011. All women undergoing total hysterectomies via laparoscopy and laparotomy between the ages of 20 years and 65 years were identified. A generalized equation estimation model was used to compare the differences in laparoscopic hysterectomy (LH) and total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) between the two groups. ResultsThere were 1226 nurses, and 36,624 nonmedical working women, serving as controls, in the present study. The LH rate, as compared to the TAH rate, was significantly higher among nurses than among controls (56% vs. 52%, p = 0.006). A multivariate analysis indicated that nurses were significantly more likely to undergo LH (odds ratio, 1.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.26) than TAH. Nurses were more often treated at medical centers or high-volume hospitals, and were more often treated by high-volume gynecologists. ConclusionCompared to nonmedical working women, nurses are more likely to undergo LH rather than TAH. These differences may suggest the influence of medical knowledge and physician–patient interaction on the decision to undergo laparoscopy, in addition to patients' medical conditions.

Impact of Locus of Control and Job Type on the Perception of Autopsy among Medical and Nonmedical Workers in a Nigerian Tertiary Health Institution

The impact of locus of control and job type on the perception of autopsy among medical and nonmedical workers in University College Hospital, Ibadan, was investigated. Ninety-two medical and 46 nonmedical workers from the hospital participated in the study. An ex post facto design was used. The Autopsy Perception Scale and Locus of Control Scale were used as instruments. The t -test result ( t [136] = −2.03; P t -test result ( t [136] = −2.29; P t -test result ( t [136] = −0.82; P > 0.05) showed that there was no significant difference between workers who had had an autopsy conducted on their deceased relatives and those who had not. The results were discussed in line with existing literature.

Knowledge towards antibiotic usage among paramedics and non-medical personnels of a tertiary care hospital

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, self-medication behaviour and attitudes toward antibiotic usage among paramedics and non-medical working staff of a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed using a self-administered questionnaire to access the knowledge, self-medication behaviour and attitude towards antibiotics usages among the two groups of participants from paramedics and non- medical working staff of PGIMS Rohtak administration.Results: All the participants from paramedics (100%) were aware of the term antibiotics and antibiotic resistance compared to the non-medical personnels. Non-medical staffs (86%) were aware of the term antibiotics but their understanding about antibacterial resistance was only 44 %. Majority of participants have self-medication experiences (86% and 84% for paramedics and non-medical staff respectively). Antibiotics were used by both the groups for symptomatic treatment of various clinical conditions without any rationale justifications. The major reason for not visiting medical practitioner was cost saving and convenience (non-medical staff 80% and paramedics 60%. Antibiotics were mainly obtained from the community pharmacist (non-medical staff 100% and paramedics 68%).Conclusions: Self-medication practice was prevalent among the participants and lack of up-to-date knowledge was the major areas of concern. Antibiotic awareness should reach every corner of our society for prevention of antibiotic resistance.

융합적 요소를 고려한 의료서비스 질 인식도와 의료이용의 관련성: 서울시 보건소를 이용하는 노인을 대상으로

Abstract Health service quality is increasingly emphasized, and primary care service is no exception in this. This study identified patients' perception of quality considering convergence factors associated with increased utilization among patients over the age of 65 using community health centers. A total of 307 respondents were included in the analysis. The results showed that positive perceptions on facility and environment, patient-centered care, technical knowledge and skills of physicians, and emotional support with nurses and non-medical workers were statistically and significantly associated with higher utilization. In order to increase utilization of primary care service at community health centers, they need to manage and improve these factors. Key Words : Health service quality, Elderly, Community health center, Convergence factors * 이 연구는 2014년도 고려대학교 보건과학연구소 특별연구비를 지원받아 수행되었음.Received 9 June 2015, Revised 22 July 2015Accepted 20 August 2015Corresponding Author: Mankyu Choi(Korea University) Email: mkchoi@korea.ac.krⒸ The Society of Digital Policy & Management. All rights reserved. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is ISSN: 1738-1916 properly cited.