Nonlinear Thinking Research Articles

The Role of Cognitive Style in Influencing Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Subsequent Entrepreneurial Intention

Cognitive style has been largely acknowledged to highly contribute to explaining variances in individuals’ behavior. However, very few researchers studied the role of cognitive style in influencing entrepreneurial self-efficacy along the entrepreneurial intention process. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to study how differences in preferences towards linear, non-linear and balanced thinking style would affect individuals’ self-perceptions towards entrepreneurial self-efficacy and subsequent intentions to create a new business. This study’s findings reported that non-linear thinking style is negatively correlated to entrepreneurial self-efficacy which subsequently affects entrepreneurial intentions negatively. While linear thinking style was positively correlated to entrepreneurial self-efficacy which in return affects entrepreneurial intentions positively. Moreover, thinking style balance was found to be positively correlated to entrepreneurial self-efficacy that exceeds the magnitude of the Linear-Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy relationship which subsequently affects intentions positively. Furthermore, the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intentions had higher significance and was stronger in effect for individuals with balanced thinking style than for those with linear and non-linear thinking style.

Avoiding critical entrepreneurial cognitive errors through linear/nonlinear thinking style balance

ABSTRACT This study provides empirical evidence for why linear (for example, analytical, logical) and nonlinear (for example, intuitive, creative) thinking style balance is associated with effective entrepreneurial decision making and essential for cultivating organizational innovation. This study examined the relationship between linear and nonlinear thinking style and two common detrimental cognitive biases or errors that often interfere with effective entrepreneurial decision-making: representativeness bias and status quo bias. A sample of 261 business professionals completed a survey measuring linear/nonlinear thinking style profile and decision-making scenarios that assess each cognitive bias. The results provided evidence that linear thinking style is helpful in avoiding the representativeness bias, nonlinear thinking style is beneficial for lessening the status quo bias, and linear/nonlinear thinking style balance is effective in averting both cognitive biases. We discuss the implications of these results and future research directions for advancing theory and practice, and particularly for guiding the design of entrepreneurship education.

NONLINEAR MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF DEMAND – SUPPLY

Currently, mathematical modeling is more and more persistently invading the economy. The possibility of using mathematical modeling is related to the existence of stable trends that characterize many economic processes. The importance of modeling as a research method is determined by the fact that the model is a conceptual tool focused on the analysis of the researched processes and their forecasting. The need to master mathematical modeling of economic processes as a method of analysis is not limited to purely practical needs: mastering this method contributes to the formation of non-linear thinking. Thus, in addition to solving purely practical problems, the use of this method has a great ideological significance. The paper examines two models of supply and demand: linear and nonlinear. For each model, goals and mathematical formulations of the models are formulated. Methods for analyzing the coefficients of two models are proposed.

Non-linear thinking strategies in post-non-classical higher art education: A synergistic concept

Relevance. The relevance of the subject is conditioned upon the concept of �non-linearity� as a conceptual idea of the philosophy of education, which implies a new way of thinking in the context of the modern transitive, non-linear transformation of Ukrainian society.Purpose. The purpose of the research is to understand the significance of non-linear thinking strategies in the modern educational context and to make a valuable contribution to the development of science and art.Methodology. To achieve the purposes and implement the conceptual ideas, several research and search methods were chosen: conceptual and terminological analysis, comparative analysis, synthesis, generalisation of scientific perspectives, and extrapolation of theoretical and methodological provisions. The research methods in the research are based on the concepts of nonlinear dynamics and synergetics as interdisciplinary scientific knowledge.Results. The main results of the research are the identification of opportunities for implementing nonlinear thinking strategies in the context of higher art education. The necessity of expanding the forms and methods of art education and their connection with modern production and spheres of public life was substantiated. The research demonstrates that the mechanism for implementing these strategies in the content of higher art education is: the foundation of knowledge, overcoming its dispersion and fragmentation, the introduction of interdisciplinary scientific integration of knowledge, the diversification of forms and methods of art education and their relationship with production, and the connection with the main spheres of public life (dual forms of education, the production of new knowledge through various educational methods of a projective and research nature).Conclusions. The practical significance of the research is that the introduction of non-linear strategies in higher art education contributes to the deep development of art students, helps them adapt to constant changes in the modern world, and promotes the establishment of creative and innovative solutions in the artistic field.

Leadership in Unstable Conditions: Change Management Strategies and Effective Crisis Management for Achieving Success

The paper is devoted to the issue of leadership in unstable conditions in terms of change management strategies and effective crisis management for achieving success. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that it is challenging to be a leader in a changing world where it is almost impossible to predict all the factors of influence, as well as the significance of each unfavorable factor. Consequently, the leadership should be based on precise calculations and a deep understanding of the processes. Also, it should be based on the absence of fear of risk and loss of the company's leading position in the market. The article aims to highlight the leadership in unstable conditions in terms of change management strategies and effective crisis management for achieving success. The subject of the study is modern change management strategies in the business environment. Research methods. The research employed such methods as description, analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalization, and modeling. The article outlines the complexities of leadership in the modern unstable environment. The authors describe the factors influencing the contemporary business environment. Furthermore, they analyze the essence of VUСA as a modern world and compare the differences between the VUСА and BANI worlds. The paper considers such features of the contemporary world as complexity, ambiguity, uncertainty, instability, fragility, anxiety, and the presence of many threats. In addition, it summarizes the impact of artificial intelligence on the business environment and competitiveness. The authors describe such modern change management strategies as the strategy of developing emotional intelligence and intuition, the strategy of non-linear thinking, the VUСA concept, and mindfulness. The article describes the possibilities of developing each strategy while training staff and managers. Also, the use of scenarios in specific cases is analyzed. The paper analyzes the essence of crisis management and determines the differences between preventive and curative strategies. The study considers the application of crisis management in certain circumstances and its benefits. It was determined that the relevance of this work is the importance of leadership in today's unstable world, which allows us to determine how leadership can be effectively implemented in various aspects. In addition, due to the pandemic and military operations, economic crises, and the emergence of new markets, it is difficult to fully compete with strong players. Accordingly, the issue of leadership strategies is quite relevant.

Gender dimension in STEM education in the Republic of Moldova: efforts and trends

By encouraging girls and women to develop and maintain an interest in STEM subjects, we are preparing the next generation of researchers, engineers, scientists and programmers to meet the growing demand for skilled STEM professionals. Current and future jobs and societal challenges require and will increasingly require a wide range of skills such as teamwork, intercultural competence, empathy, creativity, problem solving and independent non-linear thinking. Accordingly, we must ensure that women and girls are widely represented at all levels as we move forward. It is more important than ever that we eliminate stereotypes and biases and promote women and girls who want to pursue STEM careers.

Beethoven's Ninth and AI's Tenth: A comparison of human and computational creativity

Composer Ludwig van Beethoven died in 1827, leaving behind several dozen sketches for his Tenth Symphony. In 2021, a team of computer scientists and musicians trained an artificial neural network to create a realization of the third and fourth movements. Comparing Beethoven's Ninth Symphony to the algorithmic Tenth reveals differences between human and computational creativity. In its speed and fecundity, the AI model captures some of the features of spontaneous human creativity. However, it is less equipped for deliberate creativity, which requires non-linear thinking, context-driven decision-making, elaborating unusual choices, and the capacity to revise. Implications for cognitive science, artificial intelligence, and education are discussed.

Synergetic paradigm of the global world

All sociological paradigms are based on the existing picture of the world, which determines them through cognitive models. Thus, the Darwinian evolutionism and dialectical materialism that developed in the last century were mainly based on four cognitive models: scholastic (nature and society as texts), mechanistic (nature and society as machines), statistical (nature and society as balances of average values) and systemic (nature and society as organisms). Contemporary sociological paradigms - of social facts, social behavior, social definitions and determinism - are also based on these cognitive models; however, today social processes go beyond these cognitive models, and there is a growing interest in an interdisciplinary approach called ‘synergetics’ (1). The synergetic approach uses such concepts as ‘order’, ‘chaos’, ‘nonlinearity’, ‘uncertainty’, ‘instability’, ‘dissipative structures’, ‘bifurcation’, ‘attractor’ and etc. Synergetics studies the general laws of self-organization, stability and destruction of ordered structures in complex systems of various nature; it is a theory of self-organization and development of open systems of any origin [6]. The synergetic style of scientific thinking presupposes a probabilistic vision of the world, which developed in the 19th century. Synergetics contributes to the formation of a new type of scientific thinking - post-non-classical, to the inclusion of humanistic and axiological parameters in scientific research and to the development of non-linear thinking, proving the inadequacy of the model of consistent and gradual cumulative development. The new sociological paradigm should accept the idea of synergetics about the interconnectedness of epistemology and ontology, i.e. the idea that the cognitive activity of the subject changes reality: the very choice of the object, conceptual scheme, methods and the use of the results obtained forms, changes and destroys the ontological basis; therefore, the researcher is responsible for the world that he creates and reforms.

An integrated framework for addressing urban challenges in smart cities: transitioning from the V-model to a knowledge-action approach

ABSTRACT Digital technologies and tools have been widely deployed in smart city initiatives to improve operations, resource allocation, and infrastructure management. Due to high complexity and diversity, however, numerous technologies have simultaneously created obstacles for practitioners when choosing appropriate tools for certain urban challenges. This study proposes a knowledge-action guiding framework (K-A framework), based on the classic V-model, useful for guiding practitioners to scan through appropriate digital technologies and tools for addressing urban challenges and societal issues. A toolbox was also developed to support the use of the framework. It outlines a comprehensive landscape of popular and emerging digital tools in digitalizing urban services. Essentially, the K-A framework provides a ‘how-to’ in terms of identifying potential tools, while the digital toolbox shows ‘what-are-the-options’ for the users of the framework. The case study underscores the usefulness of the framework and toolbox as effective practical guides for formulating action solutions. Highlights We propose a knowledge-action framework based on a classic systems engineering model This framework can guide practitioners to identify digital technologies and tools A comprehensive toolbox was provided to support the use of the framework A case study of urban safety issues was applied to validate the framework and toolbox Nonlinear thinking and professional competency are key for city planners and managers

A Review of Research on the Relationship Between Pay for Performance and Employee Creativity

Innovation is the primary driving force for China's economic development and transformation. Innovation-driven strategy is the primary strategy for China's economic development. Enterprises are the main body of the market economy. Among them, employees are the source of enterprise development. How to promote employee creativity in enterprise management is also a key consideration for managers. Chinese enterprises are in an important period of compensation system reform. The innovation-driven development strategy urgently needs enterprises to reform the incentive system, and enterprises implement a pay for performance system to stimulate the creativity of employees. The academic research on pay for performance system and employee creativity is also relatively mature. This paper attempts to explore the research progress of pay for performance system on employee creativity from four perspectives: economics, cognitive psychology, behavioral psychology and cognitive neuroscience. And on the basis of comparative analysis, the nonlinear thinking of researchers in this field on the relationship between pay for performance and employee creativity is discussed.

Walking in Between: a Collaged Storytelling of Data Collection During the Pandemic

Collage inquiry is an arts-based research approach that encourages researchers and participants to exercise nonlinear thinking. The purpose of this article is to present a collaged storytelling of my qualitative data collection experience during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the academic research cycle, data collection was most likely to be affected by the pandemic. Using my data collection digital footprints as primary materials, I reflected on my collage-making steps and the unexpected insights and learning emerged in the process. The collage-making process enriched my understanding of qualitative research and my scholarly identity as a responsible qualitative researcher.

Sur/Face: Self-Portrait in Porcelain

This paper discusses artworks that were created through a practice-led research approach. Considering practice-led research, the content of this paper encompasses every possible relation to the artworks, such as the perspective and statements of practice, considerations, thoughts behind the themes, observations, and interpretations of the creative process. All these aspects are grouped into two sections: the context of the practice and self-reflection on the practice. This research found that material-oriented and media-based approaches are not inseparable in ceramic art practice. Indeed, both perspectives are very valuable to understand the creative process as well as the appreciation of art works. Due to the creative process in art requiring non-linear thinking, the contents of this paper are not hierarchical in one direction. Instead, it can be conceived as offering multiple perspectives to understand the making process and the resulting artifact. In some way, this paper can be considered as a narrative style of writing, which is appropriate to reveal the creative process.

Energy security as a research area of international security

The research objective of the study is to analyse the essence and specificity of energy security in the light of research on international security. Thus, various theoretical approaches, useful in the analysis of energy security issues, were taken into account. The analysis allows us to conclude that energy security issues take into account long-term development trends as well as unpredictable events related to the functioning of energy market and energy technology. Thus, unexpected, sudden phenomena resulting from the dynamics of the international environment gain in importance. The dilemma related to non-linear thinking often ignores a variety of solutions that, taken together, can cause a radical turn in the energy security concept and its evolution.

Peer Assessment Effect in Speaking Skills by means of CLT-Drama activities in EFL B1.2 Students

This action research study aims to determine the close proximity and significance there is between peer assessment and drama, as elements that foster Speaking Skills. The dynamics of these elements generate an efficient learning process. It makes use of a careful backward design as well as Gradual Release of Responsibility-GRR considerations, and the use of CLT activities. The project was implemented within a time frame of 4 weeks,2 hours a day; a total of 40 hours were reported in this research by means of CLT-Drama activities-in EFL B1.2 Students, its impact and improvement in Speaking Skills. Drama is a unique space that promotes and sustains motivation, as it is a social learning ground naturally filled with interaction that makes transfer viable. Several assets derive from this experience creativity, tolerance, nonlinear thinking, receptivity to other’s ideas, breaking with stereotypes, helps self-esteem by resourcing to expression of feeling, and opinions. This is a pre/posttest design study with instruments to collect data for the Quantitative research question: Does peer assessment have an effect in Speaking Skills when using CLT activities in EFL B1.2 Public Tech College Students? Data collection for qualitative questions are based upon the researcher’s field notes in reply to qualitative question: How does peer assessment have an effect in Speaking Skills when using CLT activities in EFL B1.2 Public Tech College Students? Finally, an invitation to reflect on the importance of including peer assessment, drama activities and art to fulfill holistic learning in the English classroom.

Garden Landscape Construction Based on Landscape Urbanism and Dynamic Nonlinear System Thinking

Abstract This paper uses nonlinear dynamic system thinking to evaluate the ecological environment of landscaping. In this paper, the mathematical models of landscape dimension, fragmentation index, diversity index, and aggregation index are constructed using an artificial neural network combined with a fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering nonlinear thinking system. In the end, this paper plans and evaluates the ecological environment of S city. Through the analysis of the model, it is verified that the nonlinear artificial neural network system combined with fuzzy C-means (FCM) clustering proposed in this paper is an effective method for forest landscape planning and evaluation. The scope and feasibility of this method are high.

Системне професійне мислення майбутнього вчителя: педагогічні умови формування досвіду критичного мислення

The article discusses pedagogical context as a determinant of the internal processes of critical thinking and a set of organized circumstances, sufficient conditions of the educational environment that guide its development as systematic, logical, creative and ethical. 1. Priority of individuality. It is viewed as actualization of the student’s intellectual potential by means and techniques that develop the practice of critical thinking, while taking into account the fact that: intellectual potential is not subject to alignment «to the average»; formed cognitive schemes can prevent new ones; development is limited by the lack of practical experience. 2. Creativity as a permanent characteristic of the process. This is the students’ awareness of critical thinking as creative, aimed at developing a new state of the system, the search for effective mechanisms, functions, elements, reconstructions. It includes the separation of the process of generating ideas from their discussion and critical analysis; the use of associative, metaphorical teaching methods. 3. The formation of non-linear, strategic thinking leads to the avalanche-like development of the full potential of thinking, to the formation of a holistic vision of a scheme, model, procedure. It includes tasks of the following types: cross-cutting throughout the course with gradual complications (problematic, logical ascending, concentric ones); systematic and logical (a purpose-oriented, functional, motivational fixation); a series of tasks. 4. The environment of «good questions» provides the formation of the experience of problem thinking, the thinking of a tactician. These are the skills of asking questions that lead to the production of ideas, vision of problems, or new things in the typical; formulating focused questions and understanding the asked ones, which help to determine a new direction of the analysis. 5. The learning environment for the development of metacognitive skills that is a project, procedural, corrective and result reflection, implemented as a systematic procedure that ensures self-direction, self-correction and self-motivation of cognitive actions. Keywords: systemic professional thinking, critical thinking, nonlinear thinking, critical thinking of the future teacher.

Energy security as a research area of international security

Energy security is the basic analytical category for this conducted study and its findings that are included in the article. This category defines the scope and the specific character of research and its relation to security studies. It is an important element of the epistemic layer of the conducted research. On the other hand, in terms of social reality and ontology, energy security is a foreign policy objective, an international value, and a dynamic process. It concerns various types of actors: from individuals to large social groups, institutions, states, nations, and international systems. Therefore, energy security policy aims to protect the state and society against numerous threats, the multitude, unpredictability, and complexity of which result from the polyarchic international system. The research objective of the study is to analyse the essence and specificity of energy security in the light of research on international security. Thus, various theoretical approaches, useful in the analysis of energy security issues, were taken into account. Their usefulness was also determined in the case of the analysis of the specificity of the contemporary energy market. The analysis allows us to conclude that energy security issues take into account long-term development trends as well as unpredictable events related to the functioning of energy market and energy technology. Thus, unexpected, sudden phenomena resulting from the dynamics of the international environment gain in importance. The dilemma related to non-linear thinking often ignores a variety of solutions that, taken together, can cause a radical turn in the energy security concept and its evolution.

Teaching Programming by Revealing Thinking Process: Watching Experts’ Live Coding Videos With Reflection Annotations

Contribution: Programming is a complex cognitive activity that involves both conceptual understanding and procedural skills, which is challenging for novices. To develop both program comprehension and implementation competency, this study proposed a live-coding-based instruction. Experts’ live coding with think-aloud was recorded. Students then learn algorithmic planning and coding skills by observing experts’ thinking and coding processes from the videos. To deploy this pedagogical strategy, a learning platform was developed to present the videos to students who could also annotate their reflection about the videos in the system to deepen their understanding of syntax and concepts of computer programming. Background: Traditional lecture-based programming instruction focuses more on the explanation of syntax and concepts but lacks revealing the dynamic and nonlinear thinking and coding process. Research Questions: This study is to explore the effects of live-coding-based instruction on students’ programming knowledge, including declarative program knowledge (program comprehension) and procedural program knowledge (coding skills), and whether the instruction changes their attitude toward programming learning or not. Methodology: An empirical study was conducted with 33 high-school students who were novice programmers in one semester to explore the effectiveness of the live-coding-based instruction and the use of the learning platform. Findings: The experiment results show that watching flowcharting ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$r=0.369, p \mathbf { &lt; }0.05$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) or coding processes ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$r=0.409, p \mathbf { &lt; }0.05$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) of experts improves coding skills. This implies that explicit depiction of algorithmic planning and coding processes are essential for building procedural programming knowledge. In addition, reflection on syntactic content of experts’ programming plays an important role in programming ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$r=0.511,p \mathbf { &lt; }0.01$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ). The research findings suggest that programming instruction could focus more on developing students’ problem-solving abilities by demonstrating the dynamic and nonlinear programming processes and providing opportunities for students to reflect on how syntactic knowledge could be applied to programming.

DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMIC-THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE IN NONLINEAR DIMENSIONS OF SYNERGY

The objective need for radical transformations of complex economic systems and the development of modern tools for analyzing the underlying mechanisms of socio-economic changes requires a review of the methodological foundations of the traditional scientific knowledge. Rethinking of the content and role of existing methods of studying the fundamental concepts of traditional economic theory proves the relevance of the article. The purpose of the article is to develop innovative types of methodological reflections that open up new possibilities for the theoretical development of economic knowledge. The methodological basis of the article comprise methods and forms of research tested in economic science, such as a synergetic and systemic approach, the principle of co-evolution, methods of comparison, analysis and synthesis, methods of abstraction, historical and logical evaluation, empirical and theoretical knowledge. The article reveals the features of economic-theoretical knowledge and stresses the dominant role of the synergetic method in the process of economic-theoretical knowledge. The authors confirm that the key aspect of the synergetic methodology is “nonlinear thinking”, which is represented by multi-variant and alternative evolution, and that the synergetic approach does not cancel the existing theoretical models of economic science and the corresponding categorical apparatus, but adjusts their development taking into account the new economic reality.

87. Non-linear thinking: from mental models to mathematical models in animal science

87. Non-linear thinking: from mental models to mathematical models in animal science