Nonlinear Radiation Research Articles

Non-linear radiative second-grade nano fluid with sinusoidal magnetic force and arrhenius activation energy: A computational exploration

The goal of this work is to further improve our knowledge of the nonlinear radiative second-grade nano fluid flow boundary layer phenomena which is associated with an Arrhenius activation energy, a sinusoidal magnetic field, and a stretched peripheral with a heat source. The unsteady governing equations are transformed into a proper dimensionless arrangement, and then the explicit finite difference (EFD) method is applied to numerically calculate the equations. However, precise stability and convergence criteria have been developed to make the solution convergent. Along with the typical profile of other flow fields, the oscillatory forms of the velocity are shown. Tabular research has even demonstrated a relationship between the Nusselt number and other parameters, and graphical depiction has been used for regression and data prediction. The novel conclusions drawn from this research indicate that, in comparison to linear patterns, nonlinear radiative heat flux significantly raises (30.35 %) flow profiles with second-grade characteristics. Moreover, the heat transfer rates of second-grade Nano fluids are seen to be significantly influenced (35.14 %) by the sinusoidal magnetic component. When considering nonlinear thermal radiation, activation energy principles cause a major change (34.19 % more) in mass transmission, as high-temperature processes become an essential part of chemical reactions.

Nonlinear radiative thermal analysis of magneto-micropolar fluid over a bidirectionally extending sheet with varied thermal conditions

Thermal fluid flow analysis occasioned by stretching surfaces offers practical industrial and engineering applications, such as extrusion and drawing processes and materials experiencing heating and cooling conditions. Thus, this study explores magnetohydrodynamic micropolar fluid flow under varied thermal conditions and nonlinear thermal radiation over a dually stretched sheet subject to surface mass flux and an internal heat source. The study thus provides insight into the dynamics of heat transfer mechanisms for improving material processing techniques in many engineering processes. The flow dynamics with the thermal analysis are evaluated by applying two thermal conditions in the heat equation: the prescribed surface temperature (PST) and the prescribed heat flux (PHF). The formulated partial derivative equations that describe the current problem are changed into ordinary derivatives using some similarity quantities, while the converted equations are tackled with the combined techniques of shooting and Runge–Kutta Fehlberg. Consequently, diverse tables and figures are displayed to deliberate on the impacts of the physical terms on the dynamics of flow and heat transmission processes. The consequence of the analysis reveals a higher heat gradient in the prescribed surface temperature case than the uniform temperature distribution, as the Prandtl number magnifies. The micropolar material term reduces the surface frictional factor and depletes heat transmission, but the magnetic field term raises the skin friction coefficient.

Quasicrystal metasurface for dual functionality of holography and diffraction generation

Quasicrystal has attracted lots of attention since its discovery because of the mathematically non-periodic arrangement and physically unique diffraction patterns. By combining the quasi-periodic features of quasicrystal and the special rotational symmetry with metasurface, many novel phenomena and applications are proposed such as optical spin-Hall effect, non-linear far-field radiation control, and broadband polarization conversion. However, the additional functions and effects brought by phase and amplitude modulation on quasicrystal arrangement still lack research. Here, we design and fabricate a dielectric quasicrystal metasurface which can simultaneously reconstruct holographic images and exhibit diffraction patterns by assembling the nanostructures in a quasi-periodic array. Most importantly, we combine the global arrangement of metasurfaces with the local responses (phase and amplitude) of meta-atoms for achieving the dual functionality. Furthermore, we also suppress the zero diffraction order in the far-field based on the quasi-momentum matching rule. The proposed method has great mathematical importance and explores new possibilities for multifunctional meta-devices for holographic display, optical switching and anti-counterfeiting.

Comparative Analysis with Data Prediction of Non-linear Radiative Nano Second-Grade and Newtonian Fluid in Presence of Sinusoidal Magnetic Force

This study aims to enhance the comprehension of the fundamental fluid behavior by comparing Newtonian fluid with second-grade fluid under the influence of periodic magnetic fields, nonlinear radiative nanomaterial, and a porous stretched surface featuring a heat source. The governing equations' dimensionless forms are generated by applying the proper transformations, and the explicit finite difference (EFD) method is used to solve the numerically-derived solution while carefully maintaining stability and convergence standards. The results include velocity, heat, and mass transfer oscillation profiles; streamlines, and isothermal lines. Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are correlated with different factors according to tabular studies, and data prediction and regression are done using graphical representations. This study revealed that, in contrast to Newtonian fluid, second-grade fluid flow elevates velocity profiles with variations in chemical reaction parameters and mass Grashof numbers. Conversely, the thermal non-linear radiation and heat source in second-grade fluid particles effectively enhance the temperature field, although the temperature increase is more pronounced in Newtonian fluid compared to second-grade fluid. Also, second-grade fluid flow exhibits a lower mass transmission rate but higher stress sharing and heat transmission rates compared to Newtonian fluid flow. The implications of this research may impact prostate cancer treatment, as cancer patients have already benefited from the use of magnetic fields to regulate drug release from nanoparticles. Although the greater stress sharing and heat transmission rates may be used for targeted therapy, the lower mass transmission rate raises the possibility of benefits in controlled release scenarios.

Heat radiation absorption and irreversibility of electromagnetic Williamson hybridized Al2O3–CoFe2O4/H2O nanofluid: A concentrated power generation

The quest for alternative and ecosystem-friendly energy sources to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and minimize cost has stimulated studies on various energy-generating techniques. Solar energy is one of the renewable and low-cost power generation sources for domestic and industrial usage. To optimize the performance of solar power, nanofluids can be considered as the based material. This study focuses on the concentrated power generation through hybridization of electromagnetic Williamson aluminium oxide (Al2O3) and cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanofluids in water (H2O) with nonlinear radiation. Without the deformation of the material, the fluid is driven by nonlinear thermal convection and pressure gradient in a bounded device. The developed, transformed boundary value mathematical model is solved by the Chebyshev scheme coupled with the collocation integrating method. A theoretical analysis is carried out for the dependent-parameter sensitivities on the flow rate, heat distribution and entropy generation to enhance and maintain continuous power generation. The investigation revealed that the hybridized nanofluid enhanced the concentrated thermal power for about 12.23 %, and the fluid velocity field is raised by 3.45 % with increasing dependent parameters. The Williamson material term optimized the thermodynamic equilibrium of entropy generation.

Cattaneo-Christov Heat Flux Model for Bio-Convective Radiative Eyring-Powell Nanofluid with Viscous-Ohmic Dissipation and Magnetic Dipole Impacts

In this work we studied the solutions of the bio-convected Eyring-Powell nanofluid involving gyrotactic micro-organisms in the presence of viscous-ohmic dissipation, double diffusion, and magnetic field over a stretched sheet under the impacts of nonlinear radiation and Arrhenius activation energy. The magneto-nanoparticles suspension in microorganisms are beneficial in nanofluid stability. Also, they have number of applications in nanosciences, biotech, pharmaceuticals, and mechanical development. The nonlinear coupled PDEs are transformed into ODEs by taking a suitable set of similarity transformations and then computationally solved with MATLAB’s bvp4c and RK4-Shooting technique. The skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are represented in tabular form. The mass and heat transmission rate improve in the presence of gyrotactic microorganisms. The temperature as well as concentration of Eyring-Powell Nanofluid get decreased by accelerating the significant mass and thermal stratification. The concentration profile Φ(η) depreciate for higher Chemical reaction rate (σ), Schmidt number (Sc), and temperature difference (δ1) parameters but rises upon increasing values of Activation energy (Ea). Also, the microorganism concentration difference parameter (β1), bioconvection Lewis number Lb and Peclet number Pe are opposing the motile microorganism density profile.

A robust and accurate feature matching method for multi-modal geographic images spatial registration

ABSTRACT While the current research has achieved satisfactory results for the registration of single mode data, there has always been a significant challenge in the registration of multi-modal images due to the obvious nonlinear radiation differences caused by different imaging mechanisms and imaging time. For example, multi-temporal visible, visible-synthetic aperture radar, visible-near infrared, near infrared-short wave infrared, visible-MAP, etc. To address this problem, we propose a Robust and Accurate Feature Matching Method for Multi-modal Geographic Images Spatial Registration (RAMMR) to fully extract common key points between images, weaken the radiation difference between data, and finally accurately match more inliers to realize multi-modal image registration. Considering the influence of noise and edge information on key point extraction, RAMMR first constructs a new scale space by introducing the Side Window Filter (SWF); Then, we improve Harris algorithm to extract key points based on the SWF scale space; After that, we propose an enhanced log-polar descriptor based on the gradient angles and gradient amplitudes of the scale space, which effectively improves the quality of the descriptor and avoids the mismatch of key points; Based on the standard Euclidean distance, we design a re-match strategy to obtain the initial matching results, and Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) is used to eliminate outliers. Finally, the affine transformation parameters are calculated based on inliers, and multi-modal image registration is realized. RAMMR is evaluated on different multi-modal datasets and compared with some state-of-art methods. The experimental results show that RAMMR accurately registers multi-modal geographic images and obtains comparative results compared with benchmark methods. Our source datasets are publicly available at https://github.com/RSmfmr/multimodal-dataset.

Magneto-Micropolar Nanofluid Flow Over a Convectively Heated Sheet with Nonlinear Radiation, Chemical Reaction, and Viscous Dissipation

A mathematical model is presented for analyzing the flow of magneto-micropolar nanofluid above a convectively heated permeable stretching sheet with nonlinear radiation, chemical reaction, and viscous dissipation. Similarity transformation is utilized to change the governing partial differential equations to the system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The resulting system of ODEs is sorted out mathematically by utilizing the shooting method with the Adams-Moulton method of fourth order, and the obtained mathematical outcomes are compared with published results. The obtained numerical results reflect very good agreement with those from open literature. Numerical values of physical quantities like skin friction coefficient, Sherwood number, and Nusselt number for emerging parameters such as Pr , Nb , Nt , Le , etc. are also computed and discussed in this work. The impact of pertinent flow parameters on nondimensional velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles is illustrated via tables and graphs.

Lie group analysis and SQLM of entropy generation of MHD nonlinear radiative micropolar nanofluid flow with thermophoresis and Brownian motion

This study investigates the entropy generation in hydromagnetic mixed convection of a micropolar fluid flowing over a stretchable sheet, taking into account various influential factors such as nonlinear thermal radiation, Ohmic dissipation, uniform heat source/sink effects, chemical reaction, thermophoresis, and Brownian motion. The Spectral Quasilinearization Method (SQLM) is employed, which transforms nonlinear equations into a series of linearized ones, streamlining the solving process. Additionally, Lie group analysis is utilized to identify symmetries and derive similarity transformations crucial for converting partial differential equations into coupled ordinary differential equations, which are then solved numerically. A comprehensive sensitivity analysis is conducted on critical parameters, including the Darcy parameter, Biot number, Brinkman number, nonlinear convection parameter, and chemical reaction parameter. This analysis explores the impacts of these parameters on various flow profiles, such as velocity, temperature, microrotation, concentration, and entropy generation, enriching the depth and practical relevance of the findings. The results reveal that increasing the Brinkman and Reynolds numbers enhances entropy generation profiles while increasing the coupling parameter reduces them. The focus on entropy generation analysis provides valuable insights into energy utilization and system efficiency, particularly in micropolar fluid dynamics. Furthermore, the study underscores the practical implications of its findings by highlighting their relevance in evaluating the effectiveness of industrial processes, especially those related to energy conversion and heat transfer phenomena.

Viscous dissipation and Joule heating in case of variable electrical conductivity Carreau–Yasuda nanofluid flow in a complex wavy asymmetric channel through porous media

This paper focuses on flow structures and thermal fields of the Carreau–Yasuda (CY) nanofluid model through a two-dimensional, wavy, complicated vertical asymmetrical conduit filled with porous elements. Formulations of the viscous dissipation in the case of CY nanofluids are derived and nonlinear radiation flux as well as joule heating are examined. Buongiorno’s nanofluid approach, which involves Brownian motion and thermophoresis aspects is considered. The electrical conductivity of the suspension is considered as a variable where it depends upon the ambient temperature and concentration distributions and the Joule heating impacts are not neglected. The approach of solving the problem is contingent upon converting the system to dimensionless form then the lubrication approach with low magnetic Reynold numbers is applied. Numerical solutions are found for the resultant system, and wide ranges are considered for Weissenberg number We, non-Newtonian parameter n and Darcy number [Formula: see text], namely, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. The major results indicated that gradients of the pressure are higher in case of shear thickening [Formula: see text] comparing to in the instance of shear thinning [Formula: see text]. Also, the velocity is enhanced, close to the channel’s lowest portion, as the Weissenberg number is growing. The variable electrical conductivity gives a higher mass transfer rate compared to the constant property.

Local non-similar solution for MHD mixed convection flow of a power law fluid along a permeable wedge with non-linear radiation

In this study, a novel investigation for the effects of non-linear thermal radiation and magnetic field is conducted on mixed convection flow of non-Newtonian fluid along a permeable wedge. Power-law model is used as a non-Newtonian fluid model that predicts shear thinning/thickening effects. For theoretical analysis, a mathematical model in terms of nonlinear PDEs are transformed into a dimensionless non-similar model which is treated as a non-linear ODE when streamwise coordinate is assumed as a constant. The obtained system is solved numerically using the built-in ‘bvp4c’ technique, and the effects of the pertinent parameters is examined through plots illustrating the velocity profiles, temperature distributions, Nusselt number, and skin friction coefficients. From the results, it is revealed that heat transfer rate accelerates in occurrence of assisting flow as compared to opposing flow and further in the existence of thermal radiation, heat transfer rate becomes higher which is crucial in industry because more enhancement in heat transfer rate is required. Skin friction coefficient reduces in the occurrence of opposing flow as compared to assisting flow and further reduction is noted by taking thermal radiation.

A lightweight deep convolutional network with inverted residuals for matching optical and SAR images

ABSTRACT Matching optical and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images is often challenged by intricate geometric distortion and nonlinear radiation differences, leading to insufficient and unevenly distributed corresponding points. To tackle this issue, we propose a lightweight deep convolutional network with inverted residuals for optical and SAR image matching. Initially, a fully convolutional neural network (FCNN) is designed to extract high-level and semantic features, robustly capturing universal characteristics between optical and SAR images, adept at handling geometric distortion and nonlinear radiation changes. Notably, we integrate a lightweight architecture with inverted residuals into FCNN to adeptly extract local and global contextual information, facilitating feature reuse and minimizing the loss of crucial features. Additionally, a vector-refined module is deployed to refine dense features, filtering out redundant information. Subsequently, a coarse-to-fine strategy is employed to further eliminate gross errors or incorrect matches. Finally, we evaluate the performance of the proposed network in optical and SAR image matching against manually-designed methods and state-of-the-art deep learning techniques. Experimental results demonstrate that our network significantly surpasses existing methods in terms of the number of correct matches and matching accuracy. Specifically, our proposed network achieves at least a 2.8 times increase in correct matches and an 18% improvement in matching accuracy compared to existing methods.

Analytical and numerical study of water-based silver nanofluid (Ag) across a Riga plate with nonlinear radiation and viscous dissipation: A three-dimensional study

The primary endeavor of this investigation is to determine the Darcy–Forchheimer flow of water-based silver nanofluid (Ag) across a bidirectional Riga plate with viscous dissipation and nonlinear radiation. By manipulating the pertinent variables, the governing equations undergo a transformation into nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The remodeled flow problems are investigated numerically and analytically using the MATLAB (bvp4c built-in function) algorithm and the homotopy analysis method scheme. The repercussions of the appropriate factors on the x− and y− direction velocity profiles, temperature profile, skin friction coefficient of the x− and y− directions, and local Nusselt number are examined via tables and graphs. It is found that both directional fluid velocities decline in the presence of the suction/injection parameter. Increasing the radiation parameter and the Eckert number exalts the fluid temperature. The surface shear stress decays as the suction/injection parameter and the Forchheimer number grow larger. In addition, a greater heat transfer rate appears on the Riga plate compared to the stationary plate.

Data analysis of non-linear radiative electro-periodic MHD flow past a stretching sheet with activation energy impact

Electro-periodic Magneto-hydrodynamics (EPMHD), activation energy, and non-linear radiation are pivotal elements in engineering and industry also contribute to advancements in fields like heat transfer, materials science, and chemical engineering. Through similarity transformation, governing partial differential equations simplify into ordinary differential equations. Precise computational solutions are derived using the Nachtsheim-Swigert shooting iteration method (NSSIM) and the reliable 6th-order Runge-Kutta integration algorithm (RKIA). The profiles of velocities, temperatures, concentrations, skin friction, heat and mass transfer rate are presented by graphically. The novel aspect of this research is that thermal performance is enhanced by non-linear radiation by around 2.28%, whereas linear radiation only produces a 0.28% improvement in thermal performance. Also the mass transfer rate experiences a decrease of about 25.76% with increasing chemical reactions in the presence of activation energy and a more substantial 62.22% reduction in its absence, notably showing a comparatively milder decline of 36.46% in the presence of activation energy than in its absence. Furthermore, this study yields three novel linear regression equations, skillfully derived from the numerical and graphical results. This research have practical applications in understanding and optimizing processes involving fluid dynamics, such as the behavior of certain materials or substances subjected to stretching or deformation.

Deep Convolutional Network Based on Attention Mechanism for Matching Optical and SAR Images

Abstract. Complex geometric distortions and nonlinear radiation differences between optical and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images present challenges for the matching of sufficient and evenly distributed corresponding points. To address this problem, this paper proposes a deep convolutional network based on an attention mechanism for matching optical and SAR images. In order to obtain robust feature points, we employ phase consistency instead of image intensity and gradient information for feature detection. A deep convolutional network (DCN) is designed to extract high-level semantic features between optical and SAR images, providing robustness to geometric distortion and nonlinear radiation changes. Notably, incorporating multiple inverted residual structures in the DCN facilitates efficient extraction of local and global features, promoting feature reuse, and reducing the loss of key features. Furthermore, a dense feature fusion module based on coordinate attention is designed, focusing on the spatial positional information of effective features, integrating key features into deep descriptors to enhance the robustness of deep descriptors to nonlinear radiometric differences. A coarse-to-fine strategy is then employed to enhance accuracy by eliminating mismatches. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed network performs better than the manually designed descriptors-based methods and the stateof- the-art deep learning networks in both matching effectiveness and accuracy. Specifically, the number of matches achieved is approximately 2 times greater than that of other methods, with a 10% improvement in F-measure.

Unsteady MHD flow analysis of hybrid nanofluid over a shrinking surface with porous media and heat generation: Computational study on entropy generation and Bejan number

The use of hybrid nanofluids in real-world situations is essential for enhancing the efficiency of heat transmission, especially in cooling semiconductor technology and industrial processes. The entropy generation on unsteady Al2O3-Cu/H2O hybrid nanofluid flow over a three-dimensional shrinking sheet is addressed numerically in this study, taking into account the effects of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD), nonlinear thermal radiation, porous media, heat generation, viscous dissipation, joule heating, and convective conditions. Using well-known non-similarity transformations, the model is carefully converted from partial differential equations (PDEs) to ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Afterwards, the behaviors of critical physical characteristics are uncovered across different parameter configurations by a numerical solution using the finite difference technique in bvp4c MATLAB. The velocity profiles of hybrid nanofluid grow proportionately with increases in the values of ϕ2,M,A,K and λ parameters. As Rd,θw,Ec,Bi,H and ϕ2 increase, the temperature of the hybrid nanofluid rises, but as M and A increase, the temperature falls. The local skin friction in both the x and y- directions is increased by enhancing the unsteadiness A, nanoparticle volume fraction ϕ2, magnetic M, porous media K, and the ratio of strain rate λ parameter on the shrinking surface. The local Nusselt number is improved by cumulative the unsteadiness A, nanoparticle volume fraction ϕ2, magnetic M, and Biot number Bi parameter in the direction of a shrinking surface, while the Nusselt number decreases when Eckert number Ec, thermal radiation Rd, heat production H, and temperature ratio θw are improved. An upsurge in the magnetic parameter leads to the development of entropy generation. Increasing levels of the magnetic parameters led to a reduction in the Bejan number. At a nanoparticle volume fraction of 1 % and a nonlinearity radiation scenario, where the unsteadiness values are 0.5, the Nusselt number for hybrid nanofluid shows an estimated improvement of 10.55 % compared to regular nanofluid.

Numerical analysis of non-linear radiative Casson fluids containing CNTs having length and radius over permeable moving plate

Abstract Casson fluids containing carbon nanotubes of various lengths and radii on a moving permeable plate reduce friction and improve equipment efficiency. They improve plate flow dynamics to improve heat transfer, particularly in electronic cooling and heat exchangers. The core objective of this study is to investigate the heat transmission mechanism and identify the prerequisites for achieving high cooling speeds within a two-dimensional, stable, axisymmetric boundary layer. This study considers a sodium alginate-based nanofluid containing single/multi-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs/MWCNTs) and Casson nanofluid flow on a permeable moving plate with varying length, radius, and nonlinear thermal radiation effects. The plate has the capacity to move either parallel to or perpendicular to the free stream. The governing partial differential equations for the boundary layer, which are interconnected, are transformed into standard differential equations. These equations are then numerically solved using the Runge–Kutta fourth-order scheme incorporated in the shooting method. This research analyses and graphically displays the effects of factors including mass suction, nanoparticle volume fraction, Casson parameter, thermal radiation, and temperature ratio. Additionally, a comparison is made between the present result and the previous finding, which presented in a tabular format. The coefficient of skin friction decreases in correlation with an increase in Casson fluid parameters and Prandtl number. Heat transfer rate decreases with a variation in viscosity parameter, while it is increasing with an increase in Prandtl number. In addition, this study demonstrates that heat transfer rate for MWCNT is significantly higher than that of SWCNT nanoparticles. Thermal radiation and temperature ratio reduce the heat transfer rate, whereas nanoparticle volume fraction and Casson parameter enhance it over a shrinking surface.

Nonlinear vibration and acoustic radiation of an internally resonant buckled beam

Although the nonlinear vibration of buckled beam has been thoroughly studied, its acoustic radiation does not get much attention. This paper deals with the nonlinear vibro-acoustic problem of an internally resonant buckled beam immersed in an infinite fluid. A finite element method based on an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian framework is adopted to analyze the nonlinear interaction between the large-deformed buckled beam and the finite-amplitude acoustic waves in the fluid. The effects of acoustic pressure excitation, external harmonic excitation, and internal resonance on the vibro-acoustic responses of the buckled beam are discussed in the first and second primary resonances. It is found that the amplitude of the acoustic pressure can be comparable to the amplitude of the external harmonic force. This leads to an increase in the critical harmonic excitation amplitude for the occurrence of quasi-periodic responses and an increase in the second mode frequency component of quasi-periodic responses compared to the case neglecting the acoustic pressure excitation on the beam. Saturation phenomena are discovered in the second mode frequency components of beam displacement and acoustic pressure. Due to the 2:1 internal resonance, different time-frequency characteristics, quadrupole acoustic directivity patterns with low radiation efficiency, and dipole acoustic directivity patterns with high radiation efficiency can be observed at different harmonic excitation amplitudes and frequencies. Understanding these phenomena will help design loudspeakers and recognize sound sources.

Nonlinear heat radiation and mass transfer characteristics on MHD Walters’ B fluid flow through a porous medium over a stretching sheet

To handle the continuous thermal power supply is very important in thermal systems and industries, so magnetized heat transport with non-Newtonian fluid is an appropriate platform for thermal power energy. In view of this usefulness, this paper provides a numerical assessment of electrically conducting Walter's B fluid flow through nonlinear permeable stretching sheet subject to mixed convective, porous medium, and Newtonian heating phenomena. Thermophoresis and Brownian motion effects have been included in energy and species diffusion equations to account for the impacts of nonlinear thermal radiation, joule heating, heat source and chemical reaction. The system of governing equations has been reduced to dimensionless nonlinear coupled equations using similarity transformations. The bvp4c technique has been used to obtain the solution for velocity, temperature, and concentration distributions. We consider both regions of assisting and opposing flow and provide various tables and graphs to examine the impact of varying values of emerging factors. Heat source and thermal radiation characteristics are found to enhance the thermal boundary layer thickness, which may be used to dissipate heat. The magnetic parameter augmented the fluid temperature and decelerated the velocity field. The chemical reaction parameter accelerated the concentration distribution. Further, the Sherwood number, Nusselt number, and skin friction coefficient have been determined and compared well to prior research that has been published.

Effects of double diffusion and induced magnetic field on convective flow of a Casson nanofluid over a stretching surface

Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows have several applications in a wide area of engineering such as industrialized processes, including generating MHD electrical power, processing of magnetic materials, etc. The present examination focuses on incorporating the induced magnetic field (IMF) and multiple slips on the convective MHD Casson nanofluid flow over an elongating sheet with Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects. Heat source/sink, non-linear radiation, and suction/injection impacts are added to strengthen the study. The governing equations are framed with the above assumptions and converted from PDE to ODE using a suitable transformation. The MATLAB solver “bvp5c” is engaged to solve the governing equations and the results are depicted through graphs and tables. Moreover, a good agreement is found while comparing these results with pre-existing results. It is established that an increase in the Casson fluid parameter diminishes the fluid's velocity. Also, the induced magnetic field plays a vital role in decreasing the speed of the fluid. Further, with an increase in the double-diffusive parameters, the temperature rises. As the chemical process and Schmidt number parameter elevate, the concentration drops. The convective parameter and the velocity slip parameter both enhance skin friction. The Nusselt number rises when the Prandtl number gets larger. This investigation makes major contributions to reactor safety devices, crystal growth in liquids, chemical-catalyzed reactors, geophysics, solar technology, etc.