Nonlinear Jerk Equations Research Articles

A Novel Analytical Approximate Solution for Strongly Nonlinear Third-Order Jerk Equations Using a Modified Iteration Method

Nonlinear jerk equations, characterized by a third-order time derivative, play a crucial role in modeling various physical phenomena across disciplines like mechanics, circuits, and biology. Accurately solving these equations is essential for understanding and predicting the behavior of such systems. However, obtaining analytical solutions for nonlinear jerk equations can be challenging, necessitating the development of robust and accurate approximation methods. This work explores, for the first time, the application of the modified iteration approach to solve third-order jerk equations. By comparing the obtained approximate solutions with both exact and existing analytical solutions for established engineering problems, we demonstrate the superior accuracy and rapid convergence of the proposed method. The significantly reduced error percentages highlight the effectiveness of the modified iteration approach in providing precise solutions for nonlinear jerk equations, paving the way for its application in a wide range of oscillation problems within nonlinear sciences and engineering.

A Block Hybrid Method with Equally Spaced Grid Points for Third-Order Initial Value Problems

In this paper, we extend the block hybrid method with equally spaced intra-step points to solve linear and nonlinear third-order initial value problems. The proposed block hybrid method uses a simple iteration scheme to linearize the equations. Numerical experimentation demonstrates that equally spaced grid points for the block hybrid method enhance its speed of convergence and accuracy compared to other conventional block hybrid methods in the literature. This improvement is attributed to the linearization process, which avoids the use of derivatives. Further, the block hybrid method is consistent, stable, and gives rapid convergence to the solutions. We show that the simple iteration method, when combined with the block hybrid method, exhibits impressive convergence characteristics while preserving computational efficiency. In this study, we also implement the proposed method to solve the nonlinear Jerk equation, producing comparable results with other methods used in the literature.

The periods and periodic solutions of nonlinear jerk equations solved by an iterative algorithm based on a shape function method

The present paper develops two iterative algorithms to determine the periods and then the periodic solutions of nonlinear jerk equations. We consider two possible cases: initial values unknown and initial values given. A shape function method is introduced, by which we can transform the periodic problem to an initial value problem for the new variable, while the period and the terminal values of the new variable at the end of a period are determined iteratively. The initial value problem method (IVPM) can satisfy the periodic conditions exactly. Three examples reveal the advantages of the new iterative algorithms based on the IVPM, which converge fastly and also provide very accurate periodic solutions and periods of the nonlinear jerk equations.

Two-Step Hybrid Block Method for Solving Nonlinear Jerk Equations

In this paper, a block method with one hybrid point for solving Jerk equations is presented. The hybrid point is chosen to optimize the local truncation errors of the main formulas for the solution and the derivative at the end of the block. Analysis of the method is discussed, and some numerical examples show that the proposed method is efficient and accurate.

Learning physics by data for the motion of a sphere falling in a non-Newtonian fluid

In this paper, we will introduce a mathematical model of nonlinear jerk equation of velocity v=η1η2v″+1v″+η3v″ to simulate the nonuniform oscillations of the motion of a falling sphere in the non-Newtonian fluid. This differential/algebraic equation is established only by learning the experimental data with the generalized Prony method and sparse optimization method. From the numerical results, our model successfully simulates the sustaining oscillations and abrupt increase during the sedimentation of a sphere through a non-Newtonian fluid. It presents the behavior of a chaotic system which is highly sensitive to initial conditions. More statistical and physical discussions about the dynamical features of the model are provided as well. Our model can be interpreted as a nonlinear elastic system, and includes both the uniform and nonuniform oscillatory motion of the falling sphere.

Modified harmonic balance method for the solution of nonlinear jerk equations

In this paper, a second approximate solution of nonlinear jerk equations (third order differential equation) can be obtained by using modified harmonic balance method. The method is simpler and easier to carry out the solution of nonlinear differential equations due to less number of nonlinear equations are required to solve than the classical harmonic balance method. The results obtained from this method are compared with those obtained from the other existing analytical methods that are available in the literature and the numerical method. The solution shows a good agreement with the numerical solution as well as the analytical methods of the available literature.

Global residue harmonic balance method to periodic solutions of a class of strongly nonlinear oscillators

A new approach, namely the global residue harmonic balance method, was advanced to determine the accurate analytical approximate periodic solution of a class of strongly nonlinear oscillators. A class of nonlinear jerk equation containing velocity-cubed and velocity times displacements-squared was taken as a typical example. Unlike other harmonic balance methods, all the former residual errors are introduced in the present approximation to improve the accuracy. Comparison of the result obtained using this approach with the exact one and simplicity and efficiency of the proposed procedure. The method can be easily extended to other strongly nonlinear oscillators.

Approximate periodic solution for nonlinear jerk equation as a third-order nonlinear equation via modified differential transform method

Purpose – The nonlinear jerk equation is a third-order nonlinear equation that describes some physical phenomena and in general form is given by: x = J (x, x, x). The purpose of this paper is to employ the modified (MDTM) differential transform method (DTM) to obtain approximate periodic solutions of two cases of nonlinear jerk equation. Design/methodology/approach – The approach is based on MDTM that is developed by combining DTM, Laplace transform and Padé approximant. Findings – Comparison of results obtained by MDTM with those obtained by numerical solutions indicates the excellent accuracy of solution. Originality/value – The MDTM is extended to determining approximate periodic solution of third-order nonlinear differential equations.

A New Approach of Mickens’ Extended Iteration Method for Solving Some Nonlinear Jerk Equations

A new approach of the Mickens’ extended iteration method has bee n presented to obtain approximate analytic solutions of some nonlinear jerk equati ons. There has been shown that the partial derivatives of integral functions are valid for mod ified extended iteration method in each step of iteration. Also the solutions give more accurat e result than other existing methods and show a good agreement with its exact solution.

Comparison of Different Approaches to Construct First Integrals for Ordinary Differential Equations

Different approaches to construct first integrals for ordinary differential equations and systems of ordinary differential equations are studied here. These approaches can be grouped into three categories: direct methods, Lagrangian or partial Lagrangian formulations, and characteristic (multipliers) approaches. The direct method and symmetry conditions on the first integrals correspond to first category. The Lagrangian and partial Lagrangian include three approaches: Noether’s theorem, the partial Noether approach, and the Noether approach for the equation and its adjoint as a system. The characteristic method, the multiplier approaches, and the direct construction formula approach require the integrating factors or characteristics or multipliers. The Hamiltonian version of Noether’s theorem is presented to derive first integrals. We apply these different approaches to derive the first integrals of the harmonic oscillator equation. We also study first integrals for some physical models. The first integrals for nonlinear jerk equation and the free oscillations of a two-degree-of-freedom gyroscopic system with quadratic nonlinearities are derived. Moreover, solutions via first integrals are also constructed.

A Global Residue Harmonic Balance Method for a Class of Nonlinear Jerk Equation

A new approach, namely the global residue harmonic balance, was developed to determine the accurately approximate periodic solution of a class of nonlinear Jerk equation containing velocity times acceleration-squared and velocity. Unlike other improved harmonic balance methods, all the forward harmonic residuals were considered in the present approximation to improve the accuracy. Comparison of the results obtained using this approach with the exact one and the existing results reveals that the high accuracy, simplicity and efficiency of the presented solution procedure. The method can be easily extended to other strongly nonlinear oscillators.

He’s Variational Iteration Method for Nonlinear Jerk Equations: Simple but Effective

The variational iteration method (VIM) for determining periodic solutions of non-linear jerk equations involving third-order time-derivative is presented. This method is based on the use of Lagrange multipliers for identification of optimal value of a parameter in a functional. We propose first-order approximate VIM solution for this equation and we compare this solution with the solution obtained by harmonic balance method.

He's variational iteration method for nonlinear jerk equations: Simple but effective

The variational iteration method (VIM) for determining periodic solutions of non-linear jerk equations involving third-order time-derivative is presented. This method is based on the use of Lagrange multipliers for identification of optimal value of a parameter in a functional. We propose first-order approximate VIM solution for this equation and we compare this solution with the solution obtained by harmonic balance method.

Comparison of two iteration procedures for a class of nonlinear jerk equations

A modified Michens iteration procedure and a direct Michens iteration procedure are applied to determine approximate periods and analytical approximate periodic solutions of a class of nonlinear jerk equations. When we use the modified Michens iteration procedure to deal with the nonlinear jerk equations, we need to solve the nonlinear algebra equation for determining the approximate angular frequency. The higher the number of iterations, the more difficult it is to deal with the nonlinear algebra equation. This is because the kth-order approximate solution obtained by the modified Michens iteration procedure is a function of the angular frequency. However, since the kth-order approximate solution obtained by the direct Michens iteration procedure is independent on the kth-order approximate angular frequency, the form of nonlinear algebra equation that determines the kth-order approximate angular frequency of nonlinear jerk equation is similar. The second-order approximate period obtained by the direct Michens iteration procedure provides very accurate results for the large initial velocity amplitudes. But the second-order approximate period obtained by the modified Michens iteration procedure is invalid for all amplitudes B of the initial velocity. A comparison of the first- and second-order approximate periodic solutions obtained by the direct Michens iteration procedure with the numerically exact solutions shows that the second-order approximate periodic solution is much more accurate than the first one. Thus, the direct Michens iteration procedure is very effective for the class of nonlinear jerk equations.

Residue harmonic balance approach to limit cycles of non-linear jerk equations

A residue harmonic balance is established for accurately determining limit cycles to parity- and time-reversal invariant general non-linear jerk equations with cubic non-linearities. The new technique incorporates the salient features of both methods of harmonic balance and parameter bookkeeping to minimize the total residue. The residue is separated into two parts in each step; one conforms to the present order of approximation and the remaining part for use in the next order. The corrections are governed by a set of linear ordinary differential equations that can be solved easily. Three specific cases of non-linear jerk equations are given to illustrate the validity and efficiency. The approximations to the angular frequency and the limit cycle are obtained and compared. The results show that the approximations obtained are in excellent agreement with the exact solutions for a wide range of initial velocities. The new technique is simple in principle and can be applied to other non-linear oscillating systems.

Homotopy Analysis Approach to Periodic Solutions of a Nonlinear Jerk Equation

The homotopy analysis method is applied to seek periodic solutions of a nonlinear jerk equation involving the third-order time-derivative. The periodic solutions can be approximated via an analytical series. An auxiliary parameter is introduced to control the convergence region of the solution series. Two numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the homotopy analysis approach. The examples indicate that, by choosing a proper value of the auxiliary parameter, the first few terms in the solution series yield excellent results.

Iteration calculations of periodic solutions to nonlinear jerk equations

The Mickens iteration procedure for nonlinear second-order differential equations is used for determining accurate analytical approximate periodic solutions of some third-order (jerk) differential equations with cubic nonlinearities. In the process of the solution, the second-order approximate angular frequency is obtained by Newton’s method. A typical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness and simplicity of the proposed method.

Analytical and approximate solutions to autonomous, nonlinear, third-order ordinary differential equations

Abstract Analytical solutions to autonomous, nonlinear, third-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations invariant under time and space reversals are first provided and illustrated graphically as functions of the coefficients that multiply the term linearly proportional to the velocity and nonlinear terms. These solutions are obtained by means of transformations and include periodic as well as non-periodic behavior. Then, five approximation methods are employed to determine approximate solutions to a nonlinear jerk equation which has an analytical periodic solution. Three of these approximate methods introduce a linear term proportional to the velocity and a book-keeping parameter and employ a Linstedt–Poincare technique; one of these techniques provides accurate frequencies of oscillation for all the values of the initial velocity, another one only for large initial velocities, and the last one only for initial velocities close to unity. The fourth and fifth techniques are based on the Galerkin procedure and the well-known two-level Picard’s iterative procedure applied in a global manner, respectively, and provide iterative/sequential approximations to both the solution and the frequency of oscillation.

Harmonic balance approach for a degenerate torus of a nonlinear jerk equation

The method of harmonic balance is used for the first time to find approximate expressions for the frequency and displacement amplitude of a degenerate torus arising in a third-order nonlinear oscillator, for a range of velocity amplitudes. The estimates compare favourably with numerically determined solutions. This development complements earlier works on the simpler situations of centres and limit cycles.

Perturbation method for periodic solutions of nonlinear jerk equations

A Lindstedt–Poincaré type perturbation method with bookkeeping parameters is presented for determining accurate analytical approximate periodic solutions of some third-order (jerk) differential equations with cubic nonlinearities. In the process of the solution, higher-order approximate angular frequencies are obtained by Newton's method. A typical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness and simplicity of the proposed method.