Noni Leaf Research Articles

Effect Use Noni (Morinda Citrifolia) Leaf Meal with Different Levels in Basal Diet on Performance and IOFC of Landrace Crossbed Pig

This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of the use of noni leaf meal on diet intake, weight gain, feed conversion and income overfeed cost (IOFC) of landrace crossbed pig. Material used is landrace crossbed pig 12 starter phase aged 1-2 months with a weight variation of 10.50-21.50kg (average 16.70kg) and the variation coefficient is 18.76%. Lasts for 8 weeks consisting of 2 weeks of adjustment period and 6 weeks of data collection period. The method used in this study is a direct experimental method using a Randomized Group Design consisting of 4 treatments and 3 tests so the number of samples taken is 12 samples. The treatment used is R0: 100% basal diet without noni leaf meal; R1: 98% basal diet+2% noni leaf meal; R2: 96% basal diet+4% noni leaf meal and R3: 94% basal diet + 6% noni leaf meal. The variables studied were diet intake, body weight gain, diet conversion and IOFC. The results of fingerprint analysis using Microsoft Excel showed an unreal effect treatment (P>0.05) on the research variables. The conclusion of this study is that the use of noni leaf meal in basal diet of 2, 4 and 6% has a relatively similar effect on diet intake, body weight gain, diet conversion and IOFC of landrace crossbed pig in the starter phase.

Effect of Fungicidal Methanol Extract of Kirinyuh Leaves (Eupatorium odoratum L.) and Noni Leaves (Morinda citrifolia L.) against MOLD Fusarium oxysporum on Tomatoes

Tomato plants are one of the leading horticultural commodities that are easily attacked by disease. Plant wilt disease is one of the diseases that often attacks tomato plants which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum. The use of chemical fungicides causes many losses, so there is a need for plant-based fungicides made from natural ingredients. Kirinyuh leaves and Noni leaves are natural ingredients that can be used as a vegetable fungicide to control fungi Fusarium oxysporum. The experiment was carried out alive and prepared using a Completely Randomized Design with 6 treatments and 6 replications. Data obtained from observations will be analyzed using the Duncan test at the 5% level. The concentrations used by each extract were 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%, negative control (Aquadest), positive control (dithane M-45). The results showed that the Noni leaf extract fungicide with a concentration of 60% had the most effective effect in inhibiting the fungal growth zone Fusarium oxysporum on tomatoes.

Efektivitas Beberapa Jenis Insektisida Nabati Terhadap Hama Kutu Beras (Sitophilus oryzae L.) pada Beras Siam

This research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of using several type of botanical insecticides and types of botanical insecticides that are more effective against rice weevil pests (Sitophilus oryzae L.) on siam rice. The method used in this research was the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method which consisted of 6 treatments, each of which was repeated 4 times so that there were 24 experimental units. The treatment is a type of botanical insecticide consisting of P0 = Control (no botanical insecticide), P1 = 7.5 g of breadfruit leaf flour, P2 = 7.5 g of guava leaf flour, P3 = 7.5 g of noni leaf flour, 5 g, P4 = 7.5 g kaffir lime leaf flour and P5 = 7.5 g papaya leaf flour. The results of the research showed that several types of botanical insecticides used, namely breadfruit leaves, guava, noni and papaya, were not effective in controlling rice weevil pests (≤50%) but had the ability to reduce mortality, efficacy and speed of death of rice weevil pests (Sitophilus oryzae L.) and loss of rice weight. The most effective type of botanical insecticide in controlling the rice weevil pest (Sitophilus oryzae L.) is kaffir lime leaves with efficacy and mortality values ​​of 68.75%, pest death rate of 0.69% and rice weight loss percentage 0%.

Identification of secondary metabolite compounds in n-hexane extract of noni (Morinda citrifolia Linn) leaves through phytochemical test

Abstract Noni (Morinda citrifolia Linn) is one of the plants with a high antioxidant content in its roots, leaves, and fruit. Noni leaf extract contains numerous active compounds, including flavonoids, anthraquinones, sterols, terpenoids, alkaloids, tannins, ascorbic acid, beta carotene, and prexeronin. The aim of this study was to use phytochemical tests to identify the active compounds in n-hexane extracts of noni leaves. This test begins with extracting noni leaves using n-hexane solvent. The resulting extracts were subjected to phytochemical testing including alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, terpenoid, tannin, and saponin tests. The results of this test showed that the n-hexane extract of noni leaves contained only terpenoids and steroids. As a result, it can be concluded that these two compounds can react with non-polar solvents such as n-hexane.

Noni (Morinda citrifolia) leaf extract incorporated methylcellulose active films: A sustainable strategy for browning inhibition in apple slice packaging

Methylcellulose, a prominent polysaccharide prevalent in the food sector, was considered to fabricate the active films with glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker and Noni (Morinda citrifolia) Leaf Extract (NLE) as an active agent. FTIR analysis confirms the intermolecular -OH bonding, and SEM micrograms demonstrate methylcellulose active films' homogeneous, dense morphologic appearance. Due to the crosslinking effect of glutaraldehyde and noni leaf extract, tensile strength (41.83 ± 0.134 MPa) and crystallinity (62.91 %) of methylcellulose films were improved. Methylcellulose active films suppress water and moisture uptake at various relative humidities. The inhibition capability against foodborne pathogens and the excellent antioxidant activity [DPPH (93.191 ± 1.384 %) and ABTS (90.523 ± 1.412 %)] of NLE incorporation suggested that food packed in methylcellulose active films were effective against pathogenic and oxidative attacks. During preservation, to ensure the apple slices' nutritional values, they are covered with physiochemically enhanced methylcellulose active films for up to 120 h. The minimum reduction in vitamin C, reducing sugar content, percentage weight loss, pH, and total phenolic content of apple slices preserved in MGN active films at room temperature suggests it is an affordable and efficient replacement to traditional single-use plastic packaging in the cut fruit industry.

Characteristics of Eco-Friendly Marker Ink by Utilizing Natural Dyes From Noni Leaf Extract (Morinda Citrifolia L.)

Marker ink created from natural ingredients can be used as an alternative to ink with high VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) levels, which can be harmful to one's health. Noni leaf extract includes tannins, which can be utilized as a basic dye/pigment in marker ink. The goal of this study is to use natural dyes derived from noni leaf extract as a replacement for synthetic ink VOC and as an innovation in green marker ink. The study was undertaken with various adjustments, including the inclusion of noni leaf tannins (0.6 gr, 0.8 gr, 1.0 gr, 1.2 gr, 1.4 gr) and gum arabic (4 gr, 5 gr). The analytical findings of the best arker ink products are presented in formula 5, which includes tannins mass 1.4 gr and gum arabic mass 4 gr, with a viscosity of 3.1 cp, density of 1.14 g/ml, pH 6, and concentrated pigment production. Based on these findings, marker ink products fulfill the quality standards of the SNI 06-1567-1999 test.

Physical and Chemical Quality of Rice Bran with the use of Noni (Morinda citrifolia) Leaf Extract as a Vegetable Preservative Ingredient

The results showed that the interaction between the level of use of noni leaf extract and the treatment time was not significant (p>0.05) on the specific gravity and water content variables, but had a very large influence. significant effect (p<0.01) on the variables fat content, amount of feroxide and antioxidants). The specific gravity of the use of BHT preservative gives a value that is no different from the use of noni leaf extract vegetable preservative, the same thing also happens with the long storage treatment. The higher use of noni leaf extract in rice bran can significantly reduce the water content, crude fat and ferroxide levels, but can increase the antioxidant content. The conclusion from the results of this research is that the physical and chemical quality of rice bran can be maintained by using 0.03% noni leaf extract with a storage time of up to 42 days.

Potential of Noni Leaf Extract (Morinda citrifolia L.) As Aedes aegypti Mosquito Repellent

Dengue fever is transmitted every year by the Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in Indonesia. One way to prevent this is by using repellents, such as the noni leaf extract (Morinda citrifolia L.). The objective of this study was to analyze the potential of the noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) leaf extract as a repellent against Aedes aegypti. The study employed a post-test research design with only a control group, using concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, and 37.5%, and 25 mosquitoes with 6 repetitions. The technique for data collection involved counting mosquitoes that perched on hands. The study was conducted from November 2022 to May 2023. Data analysis was performed using SPSS Anova One Away Post Hoc and the power protection formula. The research on Aedes aegypti mosquitoes that perched for 6 hours showed that the noni leaf extract concentration of 37.5% had an average of 2.5 tails perched. The concentration of the noni leaf extract is 37.5%, according to the Pesticide Committee standard (1995). The average protection power for 6 hours is 90.86%. The study also suggests investigating the side effects of use and the addition of an HPMC gelling agent. However, for concentrations of 12.5% and 25%, the protective power is less than 90%. This study shows that concentrations of 37.5% are effective for repelling Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Further research can be conducted using old or yellowed leaves, as well as for repelling culex and Anopheles mosquitoes.

Effect of Including Noni Leaves Meal into Basal Diet on Ca and P Intake and Digestibility in Landrace Crossbred Pig

The study aimed at evaluating the effect of including noni meal leaves (TDM) into basal diet on Ca and P intake and digestibility in landrace crossbred pig. Data intake and feces collection was carried out for 2 weeks. There were 12 male piglets 1-2 months of age with 10.50-21.50 (average 16.70) kg (CV 18.76%) initial body weight used in the study. Randomized block design 4 treatments with 3 replicates procedure was applied in the trial. The treatment diets offered were: R0: 100% basal diet without TDM; R1: 98% basal diet + 2% TDM; R2: 96% basal diet + 4% TDM; and R3: 94% basal diet + 6% TDM. Variable evaluated were: intake and digestibility of Ca and P in pig. Statistical analyisis found that including noni leaves meal is not significant (P>0.05) in increasing either intake or digestibility of either Ca or P in pig. The conclusion is that including 2, 4, 6 % noni leaves into basal diet tends to increase both intake and digestibility of both Ca and P in pigs.

Hygroscopic behavior of noni leaf powder (Morinda citrifolia L.) obtained by drying in foam layer

Studies on the ethnicbotanical aspect and properties of noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) reveal that noni leaves contain chemical compounds that are related to antibacterial, antioxidant, antiviral, antifungal, antitumor, anthelmintic, analgesic, inflammatory, hypotensive and immunostimulating, among these compounds are, for example, flavanoid glycosides. The drying process is, in turn, used as a way of preserving perishable products, such as plants, due to the removal of water available for microbial deterioration, keeping the properties of the material preserved. For proper storage and increasing the shelf life of the powder obtained after the drying process, it is important to know the adsorption isotherms. This study aims to survey the adsorption isotherms of powders obtained from noni leaves. The powders to be analyzed were obtained through the foam layer drying process in the maximum, minimum and central factorials of the complete experimental planning of previously carried out studies. For the mathematical adjustment of the obtained isotherms, three different mathematical models from the literature were tested, based on experimental moisture adsorption data, for non-linear regression analysis, using the Gauss-Newton and Levenberg-Marquardt methods. The isosteric heat of the powders was also calculated to understand the behavior of the adsorbed phase with temperature variation, in addition to the affinity between adsorbate and adsorbent. The noni leaf powder showed high hygroscopicity, ranging from 0.098 to 0.969 and the Oswin model was the one that best represented empirical adjustments describing the process. The isotherms were classified as Brunauer Type III. It was also possible to infer that the energy required to remove water present in the noni leaf powder decreases with increasing equilibrium humidity.

The Effect of Morinda citrifolia Ethanolic Extract against Malassezia globosa Obtained from the Scalp of Individuals between the Ages of 18-24 in Georgetown, Guyana

Dandruff, a common scalp condition affecting 50% of the world’s population, is mainly caused by the fungus M. globosa. In this study, the antifungal effect of M. citrifolia, commonly known as noni, was tested against M. globosa. M. citrifolia fruit, leaf, and stem contain phytochemicals including alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, and glycosides. Extracts of the three plant parts were obtained by maceration method using ethanol, and prepared in concentrations of 100%, 75%, 50% and 25%. The scalps of 6 individuals were swabbed to obtain a sample of M. globosa. The susceptibility of M. globosa to M. citrifolia extracts was tested in triplicate using the disc diffusion method, and a measure of the extent of susceptibility was ascertained by the size of the inhibition zones. It was found that of the 3 extracts, noni fruit showed the highest inhibitory effect with 20/48 discs having inhibition zones, noni stem showed moderate inhibition with 12/48 inhibition zones, while noni leaf exhibited no inhibition zones, indicating its lack of inhibitory effect against M. globosa. Notably, noni fruit at 100% and 75% concentrations proved to be most effective against M. globosa, and at 25% concentrations, noni stem was most effective. However, statistical analysis using both ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis tests indicated that the observed data was insignificant since the p-values were > 0.05. It can therefore be concluded that noni fruit, leaf, and stem extracts have little to no significant inhibitory effect on the growth of M. globosa, notwithstanding, a change in various experimental factors including agar type and extract preparation may prove otherwise.

Effects of noni leaf (Morinda citrifolia) extract on performance and egg quality of laying quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

One hundred and sixty of laying quail, 12 weeks old, were randomly placed on five treatments and five replicates in eight birds per replicate. They were kept according to the standard management for seven weeks. The basal diet comprised mainly corn, rice bran, soybean, and was mixed at 20% of protein content. Phytobiotic source was the noni extract (MC). Experimental diets were basal diet only (MC0), a basal diet with 0.01% of MC (MC1), a basal diet with 0.02% of MC (MC2), a basal diet with 0.03% of MC (MC3) and a basal diet with 0.04% of MC (MC4). Experimental birds were having free access to the diets and drinking water. The variables were feed intake, daily egg production, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and quality of egg including egg weight, yolk index, albumin index, eggshell thickness and haught unit (HU). Data were analysed using ANOVA and the Duncan test for comparison. The results proved that noni leaf extract supplementation in the quail diet produced a non-significant effect on feed intake, daily egg production, and egg quality (P>0.05), but it improved the eggshell thickness by 4.75% (P<0.05) and elevated the value of HU by 6.5% and improved FCR (P>0.05). In conclusion that noni leaf extract (MC) may improve quail performance, and egg quality by elevating the thickness of the eggshell.

Organoleptic Qualities of Quail Meat with a Combination of Additional Feed Black Cumin Flour and Noni Leaf Meal

The research was conducted with the aim of knowing the organoleptic quality of quail meat which was given a combination of additional feed in the form of black cumin flour (Nigella Sativa) and noni leaf meal (Morinda citrifolia L). This research was conducted in Panaikang Village, Pattallasang District, Gowa Regency. The research design used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments, 4 replications with each replication consisting of 6 quails. The feeding treatment was P0: basal feed (control), P1 = basal feed + 1% black cumin meal + 3% noni leaf meal, P2 = basal feed + 2% black cumin meal + 2% noni leaf meal, P3 = basal feed + 3% black cumin flour + 1% noni leaf flour. The maintenance phase was carried out on quail strain autumn aged 45 days as many as 96 tails, 6 for each experimental unit for ± 4 weeks of treatment plus 3 days of environmental adaptation period. Food and drink are provided ad libitum, and no vaccination program is carried out. Sampling for carcass production was carried out at ± 10 weeks of age as many as 2 individuals per experimental unit so that a total of 32 samples of laying quail were then processed into carcasses. The organoleptic test of meat was carried out by cooking meat samples without salt or spices. The panelists used were somewhat trained (semi-trained) panelists of 10 people to give a score to each sample. Organoleptic test results data were analyzed by ANOVA test for significantly different followed by LSD test. The results showed that giving a combination of additional feed in the form of black cumin flour (Nigella Sativa) and noni leaf meal (Morinda citrifolia L) showed a significant effect (P &lt;0.05) between treatments on quail meat texture, while no significant effect (P &gt;0.05) on other organoleptic tests including color, flavor, tenderness, juiceness, and level of preference. In general it can be concluded that there is a real difference in texture of quail meat between treatments P0, P1 and P2, P3. While there was no significant difference between the treatments for other organoleptic tests.

PEMANFAATAN TEPUNG DAUN MENGKUDU (Morinda citrifolia) TERHADAP KUALITAS TELUR BURUNG PUYUH

The experiment was conducted to determine influence of additing noni leaf flour on the quality of quail eggs. The materials used were 300 quail eggs 44 weeks old. The experiment used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments (0%, 1%, 2% and 3% of noni leaf flour in feed) and 5 replications. Parameters observed were haugh unit and egg shell thickness. The data were analysed using analysis of variance and continued with honest real difference test. The result showed that the addition of noni leaf flour in the feed ration had a significant effect (P&gt;0,01) on the haugh unit and egg shell thickness. The conclusion of this experiment was the addition of noni leaf flour in feed ration had a significant effect on the quality of quail eggs. The P2 treatment (addition of 2% noni leaf flour) in quail feed showed the best results on egg quality that is haugh unit and egg shell thickness.

The Effect of Adding a Combination of Black Cumin Flour and Noni Leaf Flour on The Interior Quality of Quail Eggs

Quail eggs are one of the food sources of protein derived from quail, and are widely chosen for consumption by Indonesian people besides chicken eggs. This research aimed to determine the ability of black cumin and noni leaf to improve the quality of egg quail. The material used for this research was 66-day-old Autumn strain quail, as many as 96 heads, 6 each for each experimental unit. The research method used a completely randomized design (CRD) which consists of 4 treatments and 4 replications that were P0 (basal feed), P1 (basal feed + 1% black cumin flour + 3% noni leaf flour), P2 (basal feed + 2% black cumin flour + 2% noni leaf flour), P3 (basal feed + 3% black cumin flour + 1% noni leaf flour). Analysis of variance shows that the treatment did not have a significant effect (P&gt;0.05) on the egg white index and haugh unit but significantly (P&lt;0.05) on the egg yolk index. It can be concluded that adding a combination of black cumin flour (Nigella sativa) and noni leaf flour (Morinda citrifolia L) does not significantly affect the interior quality of quail eggs.

Uji Efektivitas Pestisida Nabati Daun Mengkudu Terhadap Pengendalian Penyakit Antraknosa Pada Tanaman Cabai

Anthracnose is a disease that attacks and is very feared in chili cultivation. The low production and productivity of chili plants is caused by this disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness and concentration of noni leaf pesticides on the control of anthracnose. This research was arranged using a completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor, namely the treatment of giving concentrations of vegetable pesticides and noni. The treatment consisted of 6 levels of treatment, namely DM0 = Control (0 ml Noni leaf extract solution), DM1 = Noni leaf extract solution 5 g/100 ml water, DM2 = Noni leaf extract solution 10 g/100 ml water, DM3 = Leaf extract solution noni 15 g/100 ml water, DM4 = Noni leaf extract solution 20 g/100 ml water, FS = synthetic fungicide as positive control. The experiment was carried out 4 times, so that 24 experimental units were obtained. The results showed that noni leaf pesticides were effective in controlling anthracnose in cayenne pepper plants with an effective concentration found in DM4 treatment with 20 g/100 ml of water extract solution of noni leaf.

Bio larvicidal Activity of Noni Leaf and Ylang Flower Infusion on the Death of Aedes aegypti Larvae

Dengue Hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is caused by a dengue virus that spreads through the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which breeds a lot in densely populated areas with humid and warm climates. Anti-mosquito drugs in the form of burns, sprays, lotions, or other types are already widely used, but these anti-mosquito drugs are not entirely beneficial. This research is purely experimental research with Post-test Only Control Group Design by making air spray solution products from noni leaf infusion and cananga flower, which are analyzed descriptively and analytically. Experiments carried out with Randomized Complete Design 1 time repetition to analyze effectiveness. The study used two factors: treatment (P) using infusion products while the control (K) using distilled water. From the results of mixing, it was obtained as much as 400 ml of infusion solution. Obtained in each measurement, there was a reduction in live larvae until the last measurement. Noni leaf contains five flavonol glycosides (flavonoid compounds) as respiratory poisons and a combination of saponins and tannins as stomach poisons that have the killing power against the death of Aedes aegypti larvae. Cananga flower extract itself can resist mosquitoes because of the content of linalool, geraniol and eugenol. This makes a change in the larvae's behavior, where the previously active movement will be slow and eventually will die.

Wound-healing potential of topical application of preparations from Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) leaf extract

Wound-healing potential of topical application of preparations from Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) leaf extract

Formulasi Sediaan Gel Hand Sanitizer dengan Kombinasi Ekstrak Lidah Buaya (Aloe vera L.) dan Ekstrak Daun Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.)

Gel Hand Sanitizer is a hand sanitizer useful for cleaning or eliminating germs on hands. Aloe Vera (Aloe vera L.) contains active substances such as saponins that function as antiseptics. Substances contained in noni leaves (Morinda citrifolia L.) that act as antibacterials are anthraquinones. This study aims to determine whether the combination of Aloe vera extract (Aloe vera L.) and Noni leaf extract (Morinda citrifolia L.) can be formulated as a hand sanitizer gel. This study used experimental research methods; in this study, modifications were made to the formulas, namely F0, F1, F2, and F3, with modifications in the amount of carbopol and different glycerin. The tests on the four formulas, including organoleptic and pH tests, meet the requirements for testing preparations. At the same time, the homogeneity test showed that only the gel base was homogeneous, while formulas 1, 2, and 3 were not homogeneous. This research concludes that Aloe Vera (Aloe vera L.) extract and Noni leaf extract (Morinda citrifolia L.) cannot be formulated into hand sanitizer gel preparations because the texture of the preparations is not homogeneous and still leaves a color when applied on the hands.

Analisis Ekonomi Pemeliharaan Broiler dengan Pemberian Tepung Daun Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.)

Alternative feed ingredients that can replace commercial feed ingredients such as corn namely noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) leaf which has a high enough metabolic energy content. This study aims to analyze the economics of the application Morinda citrifolia L. in broiler feed. This research was conducted in the broiler cage at Lampung State Polytechnic. In this study, there were four treatments that are T1 application Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) leaf 0%, T2 application Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) leaf 2%, T3 application Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) leaf 4% and.T4 application Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) leaf 6%. The results of the research on the application Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) as much 2% in broiler feed is able to reduce production costs. Analyze of Break Even Point (BEP) product 15,16 kg, Break Even Point (BEP) price Rp 21.265,39, Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC) Rp 676.226,00, Revenue Cost Ratio (R/C) 1,74 and Benefit Cost Ratio (B/C) 0,74.