Nonextensive Plasma Research Articles

Oblique propagation of dust acoustic solitary waves in a magnetized plasma in the presence of cairns-tsallis distributed ions

We investigate the effects of non-extensivity (q), non-thermality (α), obliqueness (l z ), the strength of the magnetic field (ω c ), and dust grain temperature (σ d ) on the basic features (viz., amplitude, width, velocity, and soliton energy) of obliquely propagating dust-acoustic solitary waves (DASWs) in a magnetized dusty plasma, which consists of highly negatively charged dust grains, Boltzmann-distributed electrons, and nonthermal non-extensive Cairns-Tsallis(C-T)-distributed ions. First, we derived the expression of the C-T polarization force and analyzed the combined effects of the ions’ non-extensivity (q) and non-thermality (α) parameters on the magnitude (R) of this polarization force. Our results show that R strongly depends on both the q-parameter and the α-parameter. Specifically, for q < 1, the ions’ non-extensivity and non-thermality weaken the polarization force, whereas for q > 1, R shifts toward higher values. Thus, the obliquely propagating DASWs are more likely to form in a magnetized non-extensive plasma rather than in a magnetized extensive plasma q = 1. Subsequent key findings are as follows: The wave phase velocity increases linearly as the obliquity (l z ) decreases. This implies that a reduced obliqueness results in faster soliton motion and spikier solitary structures. Moreover, the amplitude (width) of DASWs decreases (increases) with increasing l z . An increase in the magnetic field magnitude (ω c ) affects only the width of the DASWs. The amplitude (width) of DASWs decreases (increases) with higher dust grain temperature (σ d ). This indicates that dust temperature significantly affects wave excitation. Specifically, at higher dust temperatures, dispersion dominates over nonlinear effects, resulting in smoother solitary structures. The soliton’s energy increases with α and becomes more pronounced as q decreases (from 1 to 0.75). It increases also with higher ω c and dust temperature (σ d ), especially in the presence of nonthermal energetic particles. This investigation provides valuable insights into the propagation mechanisms of nonlinear DASWs in both space and laboratory plasmas containing non-extensive, nonthermal C-T-distributed ions and dust grains.

Kinetic-scale diagnostics of destabilization of electromagnetic electron whistler-cyclotron modes in the presence of hybrid non-thermal non-extensive electrons

Temperature anisotropies exist in all the solar terrestrial regions and act as a source of free energy that plays a pivotal role for the destabilization of various plasma modes, one of them is the electromagnetic electron whistler-cyclotron instability. In this paper, the kinetic-scale diagnostic of parallel propagating electromagnetic electron whistler-cyclotron instability is numerically investigated in hybrid non-thermal non-extensive non-collisional magnetized plasmas. The dielectric response function (DRF) of right handed circularly polarized whistler instability (WI) is derived by the incorporation of Vlasov–Maxwell model for both super-extensive (q<1, α≠0) and sub-extensive (q>1, α≠0) bi-Cairns–Tsallis distributed plasma (bi-CTDP) systems. The unstable solutions of WI are obtained through the exact numerical analysis of DRF to compute the oscillatory/real frequency and growth rate. The dependence of pertinent parameters, i.e., non-thermality (q), non-extensivity (α), temperature anisotropy ratio (δe) and (α,q)-dependent plasma beta (β∥eα,q), on the destabilization of whistler mode are examined in detail. The prevalence of hybrid non-thermal non-extensive electrons population plays a substantial role in altering the characteristics of whistler-cyclotron instability in bi-CTDP system as compared to other non-thermal/non-equilibrium plasma systems. The nature and characteristics of the instabilities and waves are substantially influenced by the shape of particle velocity distributions, particularly on kinetic scale. The hybrid non-thermal non-extensive character of electrons distribution remarkably support the instability growth. We observed the highest growth rate of WI in super-extensive bi-CTDP in contrast to other non-thermal plasma distributions. A detailed comparison of the present findings with the other models, e.g. bi-Cairns, bi-nonextensive, and bi-Maxwellian plasmas is also unveiled in the present research.

Karpman–Washimi ponderomotive force and self-generated magnetic field in nonextensive plasmas

The non-stationary Karpman–Washimi ponderomotive force and self-generated magnetic field in an unmagnetized system are investigated in the context of nonextensive distribution based on the kinetic theory. The ponderomotive force, magnetization, and radiation power are obtained as functions of the nonextensive parameter q, wave frequency, and wave number. It is shown that the presence of high-velocity electrons leads to an increase in temporal and spatial variation parts of ponderomotive force, magnetization, and radiation power. Furthermore, the results indicate that the self-generated magnetic field driven by the Karpman–Washimi ponderomotive force primarily manifests as small-scale and low-frequency magnetic field.

Sheath structure behavior in collisional non-extensive plasma with negative ions

Sheath structure behavior in collisional non-extensive plasma with negative ions

تخامد لانداو للأمواج السوليتونية الصوتية الغبارية في بلازما غبارية غير شاملة

تم دراسة الأمواج السوليتونية الصوتية الغبارية تحت تأثير تخامد لانداو للبلازما الغبارية الفضائية تحوي أيونات خاضعة لتوزع سرعة غير شامل. قمنا بالتحقيق في تأثير تخامد لانداو والبارمتر غير الشامل على البنى السوليتونية الصوتية الغبارية من خلال الحل العددي لمعادلة كورديفيك- دي فريس المعدلة بحد تخامد لانداو. باستخدام طريقة الاضطراب الاختزالية قمنا باستنتاج معادلة كورتيفيك – دي فريس مع إضافة حد تخامد لانداو. أظهرت هذه الدراسة أنً كثافة حبيبات الغبار تلعب دوراَ أساسياً في ظهور أو عدم ظهور الأمواج السوليتونية DA في البلازما الغبارية، والتأثير الواضح للخاصية غير الشاملة للأيونات على ظاهرة تخامد لانداو للبنى اللاخطية المتشكلة في البلازما الغبارية. تفيد نتائج هذه الدراسة في محاولة فهم الآلية الفيزيائية للانتشار الأمواج السوليتونية تحت تأثير تخامد لانداو في بيئات البلازما المغبرة غير الشاملة كالمناطق الكوكبية، والأغلفة المغناطيسية، وبيئات البلازما الفضائية.

Influence of Tsallis q-entropy on occurrence scattering time in a nonextensive plasma

The essence of Tsallis q-entropy on the occurrence scattering time (OST) process is derived for a nonextensive plasma. The semiclassical eikonal dissection and the nonextensive q-distribution function are used to derive the OST with variables of projectile energy, scattering angle, electron entropic index, ion entropic index, and impact parameter. Our calculations find that the OST advance in a nonextensive plasma decreases with the entropic index. We have seen that the Tsallis q-entropy on the OST advance grows up fast as the scattering angle increases. We also obtained that the nature of Tsallis q-entropy on the OST advance diminishes in forward scattering direction in a nonextensive plasma. Moreover, the authority of the electron q-entropy is found to be greater than the that of ion q-entropy in the cold electron plasma, i.e., when the electron temperature is lower than the ion temperature. However, if the ion temperature is lower than the electron temperature, the authority of the ion q-entropy is more momentous than that of the electron q-entropy.

Effects of Electron Temperature on Ion-Acoustic Solitons and Double Layers in Nonextensive Plasmas

Effects of Electron Temperature on Ion-Acoustic Solitons and Double Layers in Nonextensive Plasmas

Linear analysis of whistler mode instability in anisotropic q-nonextensive distributed plasmas: a numerical approach

Due to the occurrence of nonextensive particle distributions in different space plasma environments, an analytical and numerical studies of electron temperature anisotropy-driven whistler instability (WI) in the nonextensive magnetized plasma are performed within the framework of kinetic theory for both superextensive (q < 1) and subextensive (q > 1) cases. By taking the nonextensive character of electrons into account (distinguished to nearly all existing studies), the dispersion relation for WI is derived and solved numerically to examine the characteristics of growth rate against the allowed domain of wave number. The effect of various physical parameters such as electron plasma beta , temperature anisotropy (Λ e ), and nonextensivity (q) on the growth rate and frequency of whistler mode are investigated. The growth rate of WI displays a significant dependence on these parameters, i.e. the growth rate increases by taking smaller values of nonextensive parameter q and for the large initial electron plasma beta and temperature anisotropy magnitudes. It is observed that the variation in the frequency of whistler mode is more sensitive to the temperature anisotropy (Λ e ) compared with other physical parameters, i.e. plasma beta and nonextensivity. The present findings also validate the large impact of electron temperature anisotropy on altering the dispersion properties of whistler mode. A detailed comparison of parametric dependence of the growth rate of WI for both superextensive and subextensive plasmas is also presented. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of whistler mode instability in anisotropic q-nonextensive and bi-Maxwellian plasmas is also the part of our present findings.

Generalized Nonthermal Polarization Force Acting on Dust Particles in a Three-Component Nonextensive Complex Plasma

Generalized Nonthermal Polarization Force Acting on Dust Particles in a Three-Component Nonextensive Complex Plasma

Low frequency twisted waves in a self-gravitating nonextensive complex plasma

Abstract The effects of dust–dust self-gravitational force and nonextensive characteristics of plasma species on the low frequency twisted waves owing to the helical wave structure in complex (dusty) plasmas are analyzed. The electrons and ions of the plasma are modelled by nonextensive q-distribution function while massive dust particles are Maxwellian distributed. The self-gravitational effects are incorporated in the Vlasov equation of kinetic theory where perturbed distribution function, electrostatic and gravitational potentials are expressed with Laguerre–Gauss functions. The governing equations of kinetic theory are solved together under paraxial approximations. The dispersion relations and damping rates of twisted dust-acoustic waves (TDAWs) are obtained for two situations; (a) super-extensivity (q &lt; 1) and (b) sub-extensivity (q &gt; 1). The effects of self-gravity, nonextensivity and twist parameter significantly modified the basic features of dust-acoustic waves. This study contributes to our understanding of the complex dynamics of TDAWs in interstellar dust clouds, considering the interplay of self-gravity, nonextensivity, and helical phase structures. The obtained theoretical and numerical results provide valuable insights into the behavior of these waves and offer a foundation for further investigations in this field. However, understanding of the topic can be enhanced through a combination of theoretical models, numerical simulations and observational data.

Dust‐ion‐acoustic shock wave excitations at super‐critical points with quartic nonlinearity

AbstractProgress in understanding the propagation of dust ion acoustic shock waves for the super critical values of any specific parameter which accompany an unmagnetized collisionless four‐component dusty multi‐ion nonextensive plasma is presented. To accomplish this goal, the formation of modified Burgers‐type equation having quartic nonlinearity via the reductive perturbation method and its analytical solution is yielded for the first time. It is found that the compressive electrostatic shocks are supported not only around the super critical values but also at the super critical values of the specific parameters. The presented results would be applicable to comprehend wave propagation in interplanetary plasmas and laboratory plasmas.

Dust-acoustic waves in a self-gravitating nonextensive dusty plasma

Dust-acoustic waves in a self-gravitating nonextensive dusty plasma

On the oscillations in a nonextensive complex plasma by improved differential transformation method: An application to a damped Duffing equation

In this study, the nonlinear damping oscillations in a complex non-Maxwellian plasma are investigated. For this purpose, the set of fluid equations of the present plasma model is reduced to the Burger-modified Korteweg De Vries equation (BmKdV) equation using a reductive perturbation technique. Using the traveling wave transformation, the BmKdV equation can be reduced to a damped Duffing equation. The numerical solutions to the damped Duffing equation are obtained using multistage differential transformation method (MsDTM). Also, we compared the obtained results to the semi-analytical approximations using the Padé differential transformation (PDTM) method and numerical solution, by the 4th-order Rung Kutta (RK4) method and analytical solution by He’s frequency method. The impact of relevant plasma parameters, namely, negative dust concentrations and ion kinematic viscosity on the profile of dust ion-acoustic oscillations are examined. The suggested mathematical approaches can help many authors for explaining the mystery of their laboratory results. Moreover, the suggested numerical method can be applied for solving higher order nonlinearity oscillations for a long domain.

Effect of Tsallis–Gurevich distributed ions on nonlinear dust‐acoustic oscillations in collisionless nonextensive plasma

AbstractBoth linear and weakly nonlinear dust‐acoustic (DA) solitons propagation are revisited in the presence of adiabatically trapped‐nonextensive ions. A physically relevant distribution (called Tsallis‐Gurevich ions distribution) is outlined here for the first time. The effect of particle trapping has been taken into account, resulting in a new expression for the ion density. The role a background ion nonextensivity may play on the main proprieties (viz., dispersion relation and soliton's profile) of DA mode, inherent to space dusty plasma, is then analysed. In the q &gt; 1 case, we have shown that as the nonextensive character of trapped ions increases in the plasma, the potential pulse amplitude increases while its width is narrowed. The modifications prompted by the presence of adiabatically trapped‐nonextensive ions on both DA energy and solitary wave's electric field are also analysed. Interestingly, we have found that DA soliton energy increases as the ions evolve far away from their Maxwellian extensive trapping. Also, it is found that, for q &gt; 1, the stronger the inter‐ions correlation, the stronger the electric field. Our investigation, motivated by space and laboratory plasma observations of plasmas containing non‐Maxwellian particles alongside trapped particles, may complement and provide new insight into previously published works dealing with solitary waves in plasma.

Jeans gravitational instability in a collisional nonextensive dusty plasma with polarization force

Jeans gravitational instability in a collisional nonextensive dusty plasma with polarization force

Electron-acoustic solitary potential in nonextensive streaming plasma

The linear/nonlinear propagation characteristics of electron-acoustic (EA) solitons are examined in an electron-ion (EI) plasma that contains negative superthermal (dynamical) electrons as well as positively charged ions. By employing the magnetic hydrodynamic (MHD) equations and with the aid of the reductive perturbation technique, a Korteweg-de-Vries (KdV) equation is deduced. The latter admits soliton solution suffering from the superthermal electrons and the streaming flow. The utility of the modified double Laplace decomposition method (MDLDM) leads to approximate wave solutions associated with higher-order perturbation. By imposing finite perturbation on the stationary solution, and with the aid of MDLDM, we have deduced series solution for the electron-acoustic excitations. The latter admits instability and subsequent deformation of the wave profile and can’t be noticed in the KdV theory. Numerical analysis reveals that thermal correction due to superthermal electrons reduces the dimensionless phase speed (bar{U}_{ph}) for EA wave. Moreover, a random motion spread out the dynamical electron fluid and therefore, gives rise to bar{U}_{ph}. A degree enhancement in temperature of superthermal (dynamical) electrons tappers of (increase) the wave steeping and the wave dispersion, enhancing (reducing) the pulse amplitude and the spatial extension of the EA solitons. Interestingly, the approximate wave solution suffers oscillation that grows in time. Our results are important for understanding the coherent EA excitation, associated with the streaming effect of electrons in the EI plasma being relevant to the earth’s magnetosphere, the ionosphere, the laboratory facilities, etc.

Multiperiodic and chaotic wave phenomena of collective ion dynamics under KP-type equation in a magnetised nonextensive plasma

Dynamical features of small-amplitude ion-acoustic waves are investigated under KP-type equation in a magnetized electron-ion plasma, where electrons follow q-nonextensive distribution. To carry out this investigation, a four dimensional conservative dynamical system is proposed from this plasma model. By changing values of travelling wave velocity, ratio between ion gyro frequency and ion plasma frequency and q-nonextensive parameter, the system produces different dynamical features, such as periodic, multi-periodic, quasiperiodic, and chaotic ion-acoustic wave phenomena. It is observed that ratio between ion gyro frequency and ion plasma frequency plays the key role in the existence of ion-acoustic chaotic wave phenomenon. Also, existence of higher order periodic trajectories is seen to indicate chaotic phenomenon.

Effects of a Nonextensive Dust Charge Variation on an Oblique Collision of Dust Acoustic Solitons in a Dusty plasma

In the current study, two-dimensional collision of two dust acoustic solitons in an unmagnetized nonextensive dusty plasma is investigated, including the effect of non-extensive dust charge variation. By using the extended Poincar-Lighthill-Kuo (PLK) method, two Korteweg-de Vries equations that describe the two dust acoustic solitons propagating in two different directions are derived. The phase shifts after a two-dimensional collision of dust acoustic solitons are obtained as well. The effects of parameters of the ratio of ion temperature to electron temperature, the ratio of ion density to electron density and nonextensive parameter of electrons/ions on the phase shifts are discussed with and without dust charge variation. The results show that the phase shift has been significantly influenced by these parameters. Furthermore, the non-extensive dust charge variation has a significant effect on the amplitude, width of a new nonlinear wave, which generates during the oblique collision.

Nonlinear analysis of the ion-acoustic solitary and shock wave solutions for non-extensive dusty plasma in the framework of modified Korteweg–de Vries–Burgers equation

Nonlinear analysis of the ion-acoustic solitary and shock wave solutions for non-extensive dusty plasma in the framework of modified Korteweg–de Vries–Burgers equation

Nonlinear waves in a hot, viscous and non-extensive quark-gluon plasma

The effects of the non-extensive statistics on the nonlinear propagation of perturbations have been studied within the scope of relativistic second order dissipative hydrodynamics with non-extensive equation of state. We have shown that the equations, describing the propagation of nonlinear waves under such situation admit solutions similar to that of KdV-type (Korteweg–De Vries) equations. Apart from their preserved solitonic behaviour the dissipative nature of these waves are also observed. The waves with larger amplitude and width dissipate less and propagate faster and these waves deplete more for both smaller values of Tsallis parameter (q) and temperature (T) of the medium. For vanishingly small transport coefficients the nonlinear waves show breaking nature. These findings suggest that the nature of the propagation of the nonlinear waves may serve as a good probe to differentiate between the extensive and non-extensive thermodynamic nature of a fluid, such as the quark-gluon plasma, produced in relativistic nuclear collisions.