Non-experimental Quantitative Research Research Articles

Correlational Analysis of Food and Nutrition Literacy and Academic Performance among Intermediate-Level Students

This study aimed to determine the significant relationship between food and nutrition literacy and academic performance among intermediate-level students. Total population sampling was used which included fifty-three respondents. Through non-experimental quantitative descriptive-correlational research technique, validated questionnaire, Mean, and Pearson-Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (Pearson-r); results showed that the level of food and nutrition literacy was high or evident. It was also found out that the level of students’ academic performance was satisfactory. There was a no significant relationship between food and nutrition literacy and students’ academic performance. This means that the level of knowledge and skills about food and nutrition does not have a significant association to the academic performance of the students. In other words, whether a student knows a lot or a little about food and nutrition does not significantly correlate with their grades or academic success. The researchers recommended that teachers continue educating students about food and nutritional concepts, as well as developing academic performance. In addition to that, future researchers may conduct longitudinal studies to track the impact of food and nutrition literacy over time.

COMPARING STUDENTS’ ATTITUDE TOWARD CODE-SWITCHING

This study aimed to determine the significant difference in students’ attitudes toward code-switching when analyzed according to age, gender, and ethnicity. The study employed the non-experimental quantitative research design utilizing the descriptive-comparative method and stratified random sampling with Mean, t-test, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) as statistical tools. Researchers used adapted and validated survey questionnaires in gathering the data from the 200 target respondents. The result showed that the affective indicator of the student’s attitude generated a high mean score and showed that the items were often manifested. This means that students’ positive attitude toward code-switching is often manifested, implying that students use code-switching frequently and have a positive outlook on it. It was also found that the students’ demographic profiles do not have a significant difference in their attitude toward code-switching. Even the results show no significant difference; these results still emphasize the importance of integrating code-switching into educational practices, acknowledging its potential benefits in enhancing linguistic flexibility and fostering communication strategies in academic settings. Researchers emphasize performing more research regarding code-switching that is not included in the current study and explore different approaches to deepen understanding of the reasons behind their attitude by providing plausible factors and elaborations.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0760/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Effective Classroom Strategies and Self-Regulated Learning Behavior among Learners in Davao Del Norte

Fundamentally, effective classroom strategies are a measure expected to improve self-regulated learning behavior among learners in Braulio E. Dujali District, Davao del Norte. In this study, the researcher selected 185 elementary school teachers as the respondents of the study. Stratified random sampling technique was utilized in the selection of the respondents. Non-experimental quantitative research design using descriptive-correlational method was employed. The data collected were subjected to the following statistical tools: Mean, Pearson Moment Product Correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. Findings revealed that effective classroom strategies and self-regulated learning behavior among learners in Braulio E. Dujali District, Davao del Norte were described as extensive. Further, correlation analysis demonstrated that there is a significant relationship between effective classroom strategies and self-regulated learning behavior among learners in Braulio E. Dujali District, Davao del Norte. Evidently, regression analysis proved that effective classroom strategies in terms of behavioral strategies were a significant predictor of self-regulated learning behavior among learners in Braulio E. Dujali District, Davao del Norte. In other words, effective classroom strategies have an influence on the process in self-regulated learning behavior among learners in Braulio E. Dujali District, Davao del Norte. The study, therefore, was conducted for further utilization of findings through publication in reputable research journal.

Comparative analysis of stress levels among working and non-working Indian women in rural Gujarat

Stress is derived from the Latin word "stringers" manifests as the body's response to various demands and pressures, affecting individuals' health and well-being. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate stress levels in employed and unemployed women, recognizing the differential stress experiences in various life domains. A quantitative non-experimental comparative research design was employed, with data collected through structured questionnaires from 120 women in Visnagar, Gujarat. Results: Non-working women demonstrated lower stress levels compared to working women in pre-test measures. Post-intervention, non-working women experienced a reduction in stress, while working women showed no change. Demographic factors like age, education, and family structure did not significantly influence stress levels, except for monthly income, which correlated with lower stress across both groups. The study underscores significant disparities in stress levels between employed and unemployed women in rural Visnagar. Tailored interventions effectively reduced stress among non-working women but showed limited efficacy for working women. Financial stability emerged as a crucial factor in mitigating stress. Younger working women reported higher stress levels, suggesting the need for targeted interventions addressing career and familial pressures.

The Relationship between Social Interaction and Perceived Discrimination among Students at University X in Jakarta

Interactions carried out by individuals show that the more diverse a person’s interactions, the more relationships that exist. According to Robert M.Z Lawang (Soyomukti, 2016) social interaction is a process when individuals who communicate influence each other both in thought and action. According to Myers and Twenge (2017) discrimination is an act that occurs due to prejudice and stereotypes. The design of this research is non-experimental quantitative research with 269subjects. The selection of subjects was done by convenience sampling technique. The description of the subject data shows that the mean value of social interaction tends to be high. In the perceive discrimination variable, the mean value tends to be low. The results of the correlation test between social interaction and perceived discrimination obtained a p-value of 0.016 (<0.05) coefficient correlation -0.146, meaning that there was a negative correlation between social interaction and perceived discrimination. Thus, it can be said that if the social interaction is good or high, the perceived discrimination will be low. For this reason, it is necessary to increase social interaction so that individuals have low perceived discrimination.

Communication anxiety as barrier: extending theory of planned behavior on student intention to participate in synchronous online learning

Purpose Student in-class participation is a crucial aspect in the learning process, including in synchronous learning process. Several variables may hinder students from actively participating in synchronous learning including communication anxiety. As behavior, student in-class participation can be modeled using theory of planned behavior (TPB) with communication anxiety as barrier variable. The current study aims to investigate student decision-making process to actively participate in synchronous online learning using TPB frameworks and examine the effect of communication anxiety as part of extended TPB. Design/methodology/approach This was quantitative nonexperimental research conducted by gathering cross-sectional data through electronic survey. A total of 1,009 Indonesian college students voluntarily participate in the survey. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data and test the hypothesis. Findings The results indicate that there was significant and positive effect between TPB-related variables: (1) attitude, (2) subjective norms, (3) behavioral control, (4) intention and (5) behavior. Communication anxiety, as an additional variable in the extended model, shows significant and negative effects on behavioral control and active participation behavior. However, the communication anxiety indicates insignificant effect on students’ intention to participate in online synchronous learning. The findings support the evidence that students’ intention to actively participate in synchronous learning can be described using TPB and communication anxiety hinders student to actively participate in synchronous learning. Originality/value The paper extends TPB on student active participation. Prior research limited to original theory of planned behavior (TPB) on student in-class and massive open online course (MOOC) participations, whereas the current research includes communication anxiety as additional variable on extended TPB to understand students’ intention to actively participate in synchronous online learning.

Role of Teaching-Learning Resource Availability as Moderator on Digital Technology Knowledge and Instructional Supervision Skills of Teachers

The current study was set to evaluate whether teaching etiquette significantly moderates the relationship between intercultural sensitivity and work fulfillment of teachers. In this study, the researcher selected the 212 public elementary school teachers in Maa District, Davao City as the respondents of the study. Stratified random sampling technique was utilized in the selection of the respondents. Non-experimental quantitative research design using descriptive-correlational method was employed. The data collected were subjected on the following statistical tools: Mean, Pearson Moment Product Correlation, and Heirarchical Regression Analysis. Descriptive analysis showed that digital technology knowledge, instructional supervision skills of teachers, and teaching-learning resource availability in Maa District, Davao City. were described as extensive. Further, correlation analysis demonstrated that there is a significant relationship between digital technology knowledge and instructional supervision skills of teachers in Maa District, Davao City when moderated by teaching- learning resource availability. Evidently, heirarchical regression analysis proved that teaching-learning resource availability significantly moderates the interaction between digital technology knowledge and instructional supervision skills of teachers in Maa District, Davao City.

Investigation of Eighth-Grade Students’ processes of solving skill- based science questions by eye tracking technique

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the visual measurement results related to the behavior/processes of solving skill-based science questions of eighth grade students by eye tracking technique. Non-experimental quantitative research method was used in the research and visual measurement results were supported by heat maps and eye splash movements. Nine questions, with difficulty and discrimination indexes calculated, were applied to 56 eighth grade students. Data were collected with a skill-based test, eye tracking device, think-aloud protocols and a perception scale towards next generation science questions. The data obtained from the eye tracking device was examined using Gaze Viewer software and the results were shown as images. The results revealed that visual measurement results differed according to gender and 2023 high schools entrance exam scores. Additionally, negative relationships were found between visual measurement results and students’ practice test scores and their perceptions towards solving next generation science questions. It was determined that average duration of fixation had a significant predictive effect on students’ self-efficacy levels for solving next generation science questions.

Self-Concept in Relation Sports Amotivation among Learners in Davao Central District, Davao City

The current study delves into exploring the influence of self-concept on the sports motivation of learners. In this study, the researcher selected the 192 elementary school learners in Davao Central District, Davao City as the respondents of the study. Stratified random sampling technique was utilized in the selection of the respondents. Non-experimental quantitative research design using descriptive-correlational method was employed. The data collected were subjected on the following statistical tools: Mean, Pearson Moment Product Correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. Findings revealed that self-concept and sports motivation of learners in Davao Central District in Davao City were described as extensive. Further, correlation analysis demonstrated that there is a significant relationship between self-concept and sports motivation of learners in Davao Central District in Davao City. Evidently, regression analysis proved that self-concept in terms of academic self-concept, emotional self-concept, family self-concept, and physical self-concept were significant predictors of sports motivation of learners in Davao Central District in Davao City. In other words, self-concept has influence on the process in sports motivation of learners in Davao Central District in Davao City.

Financial Prudence as Determinant of Employees’ Interest in Graduate Study

The study aimed to looked into the influence of financial prudence of employees towards employees’ interest towards graduate study. In this study, the researcher selected the 100 government employees in Local Government Unit (LGU) in Koronadal City as the respondents of the study. Stratified random sampling technique was utilized in the selection of the respondents. Non-experimental quantitative research design using descriptive-correlational method was employed. The data collected were subjected to the following statistical tools: Mean, Pearson Moment Product Correlation and Regression Analysis. Findings revealed that financial prudence and employees’ interest in graduate study were rated as extensive. Further, correlation analysis demonstrated that there is a significant relationship between financial prudence and employees’ interest towards graduate study in Koronadal City. Evidently, regression analysis proved that financial prudence in terms of financial resources and financial goals identification significantly influenced the employees’ interest towards graduate study in Koronadal City. Local Government Unit (LGU) should introduce initiatives that promote financial literacy and prudence among employees, including workshops, seminars, and educational resources tailored to the specific financial needs and challenges associated with pursuing graduate study.

Mediating Effect of Moral Sensitivity on the Relationship between Appreciative Leadership of School Principals and Comprehensive Teaching Approach of Teachers

The current study aimed to evaluate whether moral sensitivity mediates the relationship between appreciative leadership of school principals and comprehensive teaching approach of teachers. In this study, the researcher selected the 201 secondary school teachers in Governor Generoso South District in Davao Oriental as the respondents of the study. Stratified random sampling technique was utilized in the selection of the respondents. Non-experimental quantitative research design using descriptive-correlational method was employed. The data collected were subjected on the following statistical tools: Mean, Pearson Moment Product Correlation, and Sobel z-Test. Findings revealed that appreciative leadership of school principals, comprehensive teaching approach, and moral sensitivity of teachers in Governor Generoso South District in Davao Oriental were rated as moderately extensive. Further, correlation analysis demonstrated that there is significant relationship among appreciative leadership of school principals, comprehensive teaching approach, and moral sensitivity of teachers in Governor Generoso South District in Davao Oriental. Evidently, Sobel z-test proved that moral sensitivity partially mediated the relationship between appreciative leadership of school principals and comprehensive teaching approach of teachers in Governor Generoso South District in Davao Oriental. In other words, moral sensitivity is a significant mediator on the relationship between appreciative leadership of school principals and comprehensive teaching approach of teachers.

The Role of Sympathetic School Culture as Moderator on Managerial Conceptual Ability and Teaching Engagement of Teachers

The current study was set evaluate whether sympathetic school culture significantly moderates the interaction between managerial conceptual ability and teaching engagement of teachers. In this study, the researcher selected the 198 public elementary school teachers in Talomo-A District, Davao Oriental as the respondents of the study. Stratified random sampling technique was utilized in the selection of the respondents. Non-experimental quantitative research design using descriptive-correlational method was employed. The data collected were subjected to the following statistical tools: Mean, Pearson Moment Product Correlation, and Hierarchical Regression Analysis. Descriptive analysis showed that managerial conceptual ability and teaching engagement of teachers were described as extensive, while sympathetic school culture was rated as moderately extensive. Further, partial correlation analysis demonstrated that there is a significant relationship between managerial conceptual ability and teaching engagement of teachers in Talomo-A District, Davao City when moderated by sympathetic school culture. Evidently, heirarchical regression analysis proved that sympathetic school culture significantly moderates the interaction between managerial conceptual ability and teaching engagement of teachers in Talomo A District, Davao City. In other words, sympathetic school culture is a significant moderator on the between managerial conceptual ability and teaching engagement of teachers.

Supervisory Competence of School Heads and Teachers’ Dedication in Mati South District, Mati City

This study aimed to explore the influence of supervisory competence of school heads on the teachers’ dedication. In this study, the researcher selected the 190 elementray school teachers in Mati South District, Mati City as the respondents of the study. Stratified random sampling technique was utilized in the selection of the respondents. Non-experimental quantitative research design using descriptive correlational method was employed. The data collected were subjected on the following statistical tools: Mean, Pearson Moment Product Correlation and regression analysis. Findings revealed that supervisory competence of school heads was rated as extensive, while, teachers’ dedication in Mati South District, Mati City was described as moderately extensive. Further, correlation analysis demonstrated that there is a significant relationship between supervisory competence of school heads and teachers’ dedication in Mati South District, Mati City. Evidently, regression analysis proved that supervisory competence of school heads in terms of curriculum and assessment; and teacher development and support were significant predictors of teachers’ dedication in Mati South District, Mati City.

Learning mathematics with personal mobile devices in school: a multigroup invariance analysis of acceptance among students and teachers

Students’ use of personal mobile devices (PMDs), including smartphones, tablets, and laptops, in mathematics classrooms globally has become feasible due to the implementation of the bring your own device (BYOD) initiatives and policies in schools. Students’ academic use of PMDs in mathematics learning has been associated with increased motivation, enjoyment, and enhanced performance. While debates continue worldwide on the bans of PMDs in schools, it is noteworthy that students in Namibian basic education are not permitted to use PMDs in schools. This study employed a comparative nonexperimental quantitative research design to assess the perceived usefulness (PU) and behavioural intention (BI) to use PMDs in mathematics classrooms among 500 Namibian students and 209 teachers. The study employed a volunteer purposeful sampling method to select participating students and teachers from government schools in the Omusati and Khomas regions. Student selection was based on self-selection from full-class mathematics groups. Similarly, the study utilised volunteer purposeful sampling to recruit grades 4–12 mathematics teachers. Utilising structural equation modelling, the findings revealed that students expressed more positive ratings for PMD usefulness and intention than did teachers. Furthermore, PU significantly predicted students’ BI to learn mathematics with PMDs in school. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis supported configural, metric, and scalar invariance in PU and BI factor structures across both participant groups. However, when students’ latent means of PU and BI are set to 0, the teachers’ latent mean parameter estimates are negative, suggesting potential disparities. Teachers should recognise and leverage students’ positive perceptions of PMDs to enhance motivation and engagement in mathematics learning. Simultaneously, ensuring consistent assessment across participant groups is essential, while addressing teachers’ PMDs reservations through professional development and support remains crucial.

Essential Soft Skills and Classroom Managerial Efficiency of Teachers in Public Elementary Schools

This study was conducted to determine the essential soft skills and managerial efficiency of teachers in public elementary schools in Division of Davao City. This study used the non-experimental quantitative research design utilizing the correlational method. The respondents were composed of 132 teachers in public elementary schools through the use of universal sampling. The data analysis was mean, pearson r and regression analysis. The findings revealed that the degree of soft skills of teachers in terms of people skills shared skills and communication skills was manifested often by the teachers. Moreover, the managerial efficiency in terms of managerial outcomes, goals and strategies is high and manifested oftentimes by the teachers. It was found out that there was a significant relationship between essential soft skills and managerial efficiency of public elementary school teachers in public schools. It showed further that the managerial efficiency of public elementary school teachers significantly influenced the essential soft skills domains. The results suggest that teachers should develop their communication skills, teamwork, leadership, time management, adaptability, problem-solving, critical thinking, work ethic, creativity and emotional intelligence in the classroom to achieve student learning growth and development.

A Faculty Development Plan on Assessment Literacy of Tertiary Instructors in Davao City

This study investigates the assessment literacy of tertiary instructors in Davao City to guide a faculty development plan. Using a non-experimental quantitative research design, 304 instructors were randomly sampled. An adapted survey questionnaire and statistical methods such as frequency, mean, and ANOVA were employed to assess differences in assessment literacy based on years of service and academic background. Results reveal that the majority of instructors in Davao City possess education degrees, indicating a wide range of teaching experience. Tertiary instructors exhibit strong skills in assessment design, but there is less proficiency observed in analyzing assessment data, particularly among instructors without education degrees. Educational institutions could enhance instructional quality by promoting further education and training in assessment literacy, particularly for non-education degree holders. These findings advocate for the development of a targeted faculty development plan aligned with the study's outcomes.

Exploring the link between eustress and adolescent health in India: An empirical study

BACKGROUND: Modern psychological research challenges the conventional view of stress as solely detrimental by introducing the concept of eustress versus distress, emphasizing the potentially positive aspects of stress. In the context of India, limited studies have investigated the distinct effects of eustress and distress on adolescents, a group prone to stress-related health issues. This study aims to bridge this gap by examining the correlation between eustress and both mental and physical well-being among adolescents attending government schools in two districts of Haryana, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A non-experimental quantitative research approach was adopted to achieve this objective. The study involved a sample of 400 adolescent students, equally split between genders, aged 15 to 18 years, enrolled in grades 10 to 12. Participants were selected through systematic random sampling from two districts in Haryana. The assessment tools employed in the study included the Post Graduate Institute Health Questionnaire and the Eustress Scale, which were utilized to evaluate the participants’ mental, physical, and eustress levels. RESULTS: In our study involving Indian adolescents, we discovered a substantial positive correlation (r = 0.563, P < 0.01) between eustress and mental health, underlining the valuable role of positive stress in enhancing psychological well-being. Notably, male participants exhibited significantly higher eustress scores (mean = 26.63) than their female counterparts (mean = 22.82, P < 0.01), indicating gender-specific variations in stress responses. Furthermore, our findings emphasized the influence of cultural nuances inherent to the Indian context on how adolescents perceived and experienced eustress. These outcomes emphasize the urgency of culturally sensitive interventions to promote adolescents’ well-being. CONCLUSION: This investigation contributes valuable insights into the nexus between eustress and adolescent health in the Indian context. The study accentuates the potential advantages of leveraging eustress to foster positive development by underlining the differential influence of eustress and distress on adolescent health. Future research endeavors and policy formulation could delve into the mechanisms underpinning eustress and distress, thus guiding strategies to enhance adolescents’ health and overall well-being.

GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN SISWA KELAS 12 SMK BHAKTI INSANI KECAMATAN WONOSARI KABUPATEN KLATEN TENTANG PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK

Antibiotics are drugs used to prevent and treat infections caused by bacteria. The relatively high intensity of antibiotic use can cause problems, including bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Resistance is the ability of bacteria to neutralize antibiotics and make them less effective. The aim of this research is to determine the knowledge of class 12 students at Bhakti Insani Vocational School, Wonosari District, Klaten Regency regarding the use of antibiotics. This type of research is non-experimental quantitative descriptive research. The sample in this research was 12th grade students at Bhakti Insani Vocational School, totaling 122 respondents, with sampling carried out using a sampling technique, namely total population sampling. Data processing techniques use Microsoft Office Excel and converted to percentage values. Based on the results of research describing the knowledge of class 12 students at Bhakti Insani Vocational School, Wonosari District, Klaten Regency regarding the Use of Antibiotics, it shows that 73 respondents had good knowledge (68%), 30 respondents had moderate knowledge (28%), and 4 respondents had poor knowledge (4%). So it can be concluded that the description of the knowledge of class 12 students at Bhakti Insani Vocational School is in the "good" category.

Conducive TLE Laboratory Environment and Learning Process Skills of the Students in Cluster 4 Schools in Davao City

Fundamentally, a conducive TLE laboratory environment was expected to improve the learning process skills of the students. In this study, the researcher selected 200 junior high school students in Cluster 4 Public Secondary Schools in Davao City as the respondents. Stratified random sampling technique was utilized in the selection of the respondents. A non-experimental quantitative research design using a descriptive-correlational method was employed. The data collected were subjected to the following statistical tools: Mean, Pearson Product Moment Correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis. Findings revealed that the conducive TLE laboratory environment and the learning process skills of the students were described as extensive. Further, correlation analysis demonstrated that there was a significant relationship between a conducive TLE laboratory environment and the learning process skills of the students. Evidently, regression analysis proved that a conducive TLE laboratory environment in terms of open-endedness, rule clarity, and material environment were significant predictors of the learning process skills of the students. In other words, a conducive TLE laboratory environment influenced the learning process skills of the students in Cluster 4 Public Secondary Schools in Davao City.

.Sense of Self-Worth as Predictor of Learning Attitude of Senior High School Students in New Corella District, Davao Del Norte

In this study, the sense of self-worth described the improvement of learning attitude of the senior high school students. In this study, the researcher selected the 212 senior high school students in New Corella District, Davao del Norte as the respondents of the study. Stratified random sampling technique was utilized in the selection of the respondents. Non-experimental quantitative research design using descriptive- correlational method was employed. The data collected were subjected to the following statistical tools: Mean, Pearson Moment Product Correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. Findings revealed that sense of self-worth and learning attitude of the senior high school students in New Corella District, Davao del Norte were described as extensive. Further, correlation analysis demonstrated that there is a significant relationship between sense of self-worth and learning attitude of the students in New Corella District, Davao del Norte. Evidently, regression analysis proved that sense of self-worth of the students in terms of identity achievement and identity moratorium were significant predictors of learning attitude of the students in New Corella District, Davao del Norte. In other words, sense of self-worth has influence on the process in learning attitude of the senior high school students in New Corella District, Davao del Norte.