Non-victims Of Violence Research Articles

Autoestima en las mujeres víctimas de violencia por la pareja íntima

Antecedentes: La violencia contra la mujer por su pareja íntima (VPI) puede provocar un malestar psicológico intenso y afectar su autoestima. Método: estudio con enfoque cuantitativo de tipo comparativo entre mujeres víctimas de violencia por sus parejas y las no víctimas. El grupo de mujeres maltratadas (n = 170), grupo mujeres víctimas, buscaron ayuda en un centro de asistencia psicológica a mujeres maltratadas; y las no maltratadas (n = 170), grupo no víctimas, fueron contactadas mediante la red de apoyo del Patronato de Ayuda a Casos de Mujeres Maltratadas (PACAM). Se identificó el tipo de violencia con un formulario estructurado y autoadministrado y se evaluó la autoestima con el Inventario de Autoestima de Rosenberg. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la autoestima (p<0.001*) entre ambos grupos. La edad media de las mujeres víctimas fue de 38.55 años (DE = 9.72, rango = 20 – 67). En el grupo de las no víctimas, la edad media fue de 37.25 años (DE = 11.43, rango = 18 – 65). Los resultados evidencian que la baja autoestima se asocia de manera estadísticamente significativa con la violencia de pareja.

Depresión y ansiedad en mujeres víctimas de violencia en la relación de pareja

La violencia ejercida contra la mujer por su pareja íntima (VPI) ha sido asociada a múltiples problemas de salud mental. Este estudio compara indicadores de síntomas depresivos y ansiosos en mujeres víctimas (n = 170) y no víctimas (n = 170) de violencia por sus parejas. El objetivo fue detectar si las mujeres víctimas de violencia tienen mayor riesgo de presentar síntomas de depresión y ansiedad, evaluadas con el Inventario de Depresión de Beck y el Inventario de Evaluación de la Personalidad. Los hallazgos mostraron diferencias significativas en la depresión y la ansiedad (p < .001) entre ambos grupos. Se caracterizó el tipo de violencia con un formulario estructurado y autoadministrado. La edad media del grupo de las víctimas fue 38.55 (DE = 9.72) y de las no víctimas 37.25 (DE = 11.43). Los resultados evidencian que la depresión y la ansiedad están fuertemente asociadas a la violencia.

Comparing Attitudes towards Violence among Adolescents Who are Victims or Non-Victims of Violence

This study has been conducted to compare attitudes towards violence among adolescents who are victims or non-victims of violence. In addition, this current study examines how attitudes towards violence vary according to gender, perpetrator group of violence, type of violence and immigration case. For data collection, Personal Information Form and Attitude towards Violence Scale were used. The research sample composed of 680 middle school students at 8th grade level. In the analysis phase of the study; Mann-Whitney U. and Kruskal Wallis H. tests were utilized. According to the results, attitudes toward violence vary depending on exposure to violence, gender, perpetrator group of violence and immigration case. However, victims’ attitudes towards violence do not vary depending on type of violence. It can be said that the students who are exposed to violence at school or in their family normalize the violence and see the violence as a problem-solving way in daily life.Keywords: violence; victim of violence; attitude towards violence;

Comparing Attitudes towards Violence among Adolescents Who are Victims or Non-Victims of Violence

This study has been conducted to compare attitudes towards violence among adolescents who are victims or non-victims of violence. In addition, this current study examines how attitudes towards violence vary according to gender, perpetrator group of violence, type of violence and immigration case. For data collection, Personal Information Form and Attitude towards Violence Scale were used. The research sample composed of 680 middle school students at 8th grade level. In the analysis phase of the study; Mann-Whitney U. and Kruskal Wallis H. tests were utilized. According to the results, attitudes toward violence vary depending on exposure to violence, gender, perpetrator group of violence and immigration case. However, victims’ attitudes towards violence do not vary depending on type of violence. It can be said that the students who are exposed to violence at school or in their family normalize the violence and see the violence as a problem-solving way in daily life. Keywords: violence; victim of violence; attitude towards violence;

Political Cleavages and the Propensity for Victimization: Voices of Survivors

Do victims have particular demographic characteristics that differentiate them from non-victimized persons? Does ethnicity delineate between the victims and the non-victims of violence during armed conflicts, as the media often claims? Have the political cleavages dividing the communities increased the severity of violence? This study addresses these issues by analyzing data from “the People on War project” (the PoW project) through latent class analysis (LCA). Data were collected by the International Committee of the Red Cross (the ICRC) at the 50th anniversary of the signature of the Geneva Conventions in 1999 throughout twelve armed conflict zones in the world. [Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Terrorism and Political Violence for the following free supplemetal resources: Table 2: Exposed Risk of Violence During Armed Conflict and Demographic Factors (With Regional Values), and Table 3: Risk of Violence During Armed Conflict and Demographic Factors (% Having Taken Sides)].

Lifetime and During Pregnancy Experience of Violence and the Risk of Low Birth Weight and Preterm Birth

In order to assess the relationship between lifetime and during pregnancy experience of violence and low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth outcomes, we designed a prospective cohort study in which the birth outcomes of women who experienced violence before their pregnancy or who experienced violence during pregnancy were compared to women who reported no lifetime experience of violence. We found that the risk of having a low birth weight or preterm baby was higher for women who did not experience violence. The proportion of women who had LBW babies was 7.1% for women who experienced violence during pregnancy, 7.8% for women who experienced violence before the current pregnancy, and 9.1% for nonexposed women. The proportion of preterm births was 3.5% for women exposed to violence during pregnancy, 8.5% for women exposed before the current pregnancy, and 9.7% for nonexposed women. However, married women who experienced violence had a higher proportion of LBW and preterm infants compared to the reference group of nonvictims of violence. Overall, women who experienced violence during pregnancy and before their current pregnancy did not have a greater proportion of LBW babies or preterm births. The findings suggest that married women in certain populations may experience more frequent or more severe experience of violence than unmarried women.

Gynaecological symptoms associated with physical and sexual violence

Objective. The study aims to describe the prevalence of violent physical and sexual experiences in female outpatients and to identify specific gynaecological symptoms that are associated with a history of abuse.Study design. We performed a cross-sectional study among native German women. The confidential self-administered questionnaire included items on physical and sexual abuse and on the patient's medical history. Of a total of 1941 eligible women, 730 (37.6%) participated in the survey. We calculated prevalence rates of physical and sexual abuse and compared victims and non-victims of violence with respect to specific symptoms and complaints. We developed multivariate models for pelvic pain and vaginal infection.Results. The lifetime prevalence of severe physical violence by any kind of perpetrator was 35.5%. 13.5% of participants reported a completed rape. The lifetime prevalence of physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) was 28.3%. Physical and sexual abuse is significantly associated with irregular menstrual cycle, urinary tract infections and pelvic pain independent of menses.Conclusions. Physical and sexual violence are associated with many gynecological symptoms. Especially gynecologists and general practitioners have to be aware that their patients might be victims of violence. This is important for adequate diagnosis and therapy and to avoid retraumatization in affected women.