Non-traditional Methods Research Articles

Research on the Current Situation and Strategies of Street Dance Elective Courses at Ningxia University

This paper takes the street dance elective courses at Ningxia University as the research object. By employing questionnaire surveys, interviews, and logical analysis methods, this paper analyzes the current situation of street dance elective course teaching at Ningxia University. The research concludes the following points: 1. Students have a high interest in street dance. 2. There is a shortage of teaching staff. 3. Some students find it difficult to learn course content. Based on these findings, the following suggestions are proposed: 1. Further strengthen the campus promotion of street dance culture. 2. Enhance teaching staff capacity. 3. Adopt non-traditional teaching methods with a focus on fundamental training.

Nontraditional approaches to sedation for anterior segment surgery: a narrative review.

Surgical and anesthetic technological advancement have made both cataract and noncataract anterior segment surgery significantly less invasive and time-intensive, facilitating the transition of some of these procedures from the operating room under monitored anesthesia care (MAC) to the office-based setting without MAC. This transition has been aided by the popularization of nonintravenous approaches to achieving patient sedation for these procedures. In this review, we discuss the literature surrounding traditional and nontraditional methods of achieving patient sedation for anterior segment surgery. Our survey of the literature suggests that nonintravenous (IV) approaches to sedation for these procedures may be just as safe, effective, and satisfactory to patients as traditional IV approaches. As anterior segment surgery becomes less invasive and less time-intensive, providers considering transitioning their cataract and anterior segment surgery out of the operating room and into the office-based setting without MAC anesthesia should consider the non-IV sedation options outlined in this review to achieve adequate patient sedation and comfort.

Non-Traditional Methods for Assessing the Financial Situation of a Farm

The main objective of assessing a company’s financial state is predicting its future development. In agriculture, failure factors differ from other industries, including high debt and interest rates, lower profitability during recessions, and environmental impacts like droughts and floods. To ensure market survival, modern management of agricultural enterprises is crucial. Business analysis generates data for this. A financially healthy enterprise is profitable, efficiently uses capital, and repays obligations on time. Various methods measure financial performance, chosen based on time frame, purpose, data nature, and sources. Complex measurements should be balanced. Financial issues arise from internal and external factors, often due to environmental changes. In agriculture, understanding success factors is vital for long-term survival as food demand increases. Failure factors are diverse, spanning economic (profitability, liquidity) and non-economic (planning, decision-making). Mismanagement and external factors can lead to farm failure. In this changing environment, success requires future-focused financial development, making retrospective analysis insufficient. Predictive models tailored to each country's specifics are essential for agricultural sustainability. This study explores such models and their relevance for agricultural financial sustainability.

Exploring approaches to pulp vitality assessment: A scoping review of nontraditional methods.

Diagnostic procedures for pulp vitality assessment are a crucial aspect of routine dental practice. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of nontraditional techniques and methodologies for assessing pulp vitality, specifically exploring promising approaches that are currently not used in dental practice. The study protocol was registered a priori (https://osf.io/3m97z/). An extensive electronic search was conducted across multiple databases, including MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. Inclusion criteria were guided by the research question based on the PCC model as follows: "What are the potential nontraditional techniques (Concept) for assessing pulp vitality (Population) in the field of endodontics or clinical practice (Context)?" Studies were included that explored possible approaches to pulp vitality assessment, utilizing a range of techniques, whilst any studies using traditional pulp tests (cold, heat, and electric stimulation) or well-known methods (pulse oximetry and laser Doppler flowmetry) were excluded. Reviewers independently screened articles and extracted data. A patent search was also performed. Of 3062 studies, 65 were included that described nontraditional approaches for assessing pulp vitality. These included a range of optical diagnostic methods, ultrasound Doppler flowmetry (UDF), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), terahertz imaging, tooth temperature measurements, as well as invasive methodologies, including 133xenon washout, radioisotope-labelled tracers, hydrogen gas desaturation, intravital microscopy and fluorescent microspheres isotope clearance. The patent search included artificial intelligence and biomarkers methods. This review provides details for potential innovative tests that may directly describe pulp vitality. Importantly, these methods range from clinically impractical through to promising methods that may transform clinical practice. Several nontraditional techniques have the potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy and could provide valuable insights into the assessment of pulp vitality in challenging clinical scenarios.

The effects of Tai Chi on standing balance control in older adults may be attributed to the improvement of sensory reweighting and complexity rather than reduced sway velocity or amplitude.

Tai Chi has proved to be an effective therapy for balance performance and cognition. However, non-consistency exists in the results of the effect of Tai Chi training on standing balance control in older adults. This study aimed to use traditional and non-traditional methods to investigate the effect of Tai Chi on standing balance in older adults. Thirty-six Tai Chi practitioners (TC group) and thirty-six older adults with no Tai Chi practice (control group) were recruited in this study. A Nintendo Wii Balance Board was used to record the center of pressure (COP) during standing balance over 20 s in the condition of eyes closed with three repetitions. The wavelet analysis, multiscale entropy, recurrence quantification analysis, and traditional methods were used to evaluate the standing balance control in the anterior-posterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions. (1) Greater sway mean velocity in the AP direction and sway Path length were found in the TC group compared with the control group; (2) lower Very-low frequency band (0.10-0.39 Hz) and higher Moderate frequency band (1.56-6.25 Hz) in the AP and ML directions were found in the TC group compared with the control group; (3) greater complexity index (CI) and lower determinism (DET) in the AP and ML directions were observed in the TC group compared with control group; (4) greater path length linked with smaller Very-low frequency band in the AP and ML directions and higher Moderate frequency band in the AP direction in both groups; (5) greater path length linked with lower DET and higher CI in the AP direction only in the TC group. Long-term Tai Chi practice improved sensory reweighting (more reliance on the proprioception system and less reliance on the vestibular system) and complexity of standing balance control in older adults. In addition, greater sway velocity may be as an exploratory role in standing balance control of TC older adults, which correlated with greater complexity, but no such significant relationship in the control group. Therefore, the effects of Tai Chi practice on standing balance control in older adults may be attributed to the improvement of sensory reweighting and complexity rather than reduced sway velocity or amplitude.

A multi-domain operation – a modern view at the forms and methods of military operations adapting to the environment of challenges and threats transformation

Relevance of the article is due to the fact that Ukraine is currently faced with an operational response to hybrid threats from russia problem of, that include not only military aspects, but cyber security, information warfare, disinformation, non-military measures and other nontraditional methods of warfare also. One of the modern approaches to adopt the forms and methods of Defense Forces (Armed Forces) of Ukraine application of the to the conditions of the developmentof crisis situations of a military nature the transition to planning and conducting multi-domain operations, i.e. the simultaneous combination of actions in several spaces (domains) at once may be considered. The use of multi-domain operations technology is considered one of the ways to counter the enemy's hybrid threats effectively today. Therefore, the main goal of the article is to reveal the theoretical and practical essence of planning and conducting multi-domain operations, as well as the peculiarities of their organization and implementation. The main methods of research are methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction. The main results of the article are what is defined in it: key features of a multi-domain space military operations conducting; basic aspects of planning and carrying out multi-domain operations; main measures for the preparation and implementation of multi-domain operations; modern features of the transformation and prospects for adapting the forms and methods of military operations conducting by the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the multi-domain space. The materials of the article can be useful to the leaders of the Armed Forces of Ukraine at the operational and strategic levels, as well as to scientists and researchers in the barnches of research on issues related to the Armed Forces of Ukraine use and ensuring the military (national) security of the State.

Indirect hemagglutination assay for diagnosing brucellosis: Past, present, and future

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that causes enormous losses in livestock production worldwide and has a significant public health impact. None of the brucellosis-free countries is currently able to guarantee their ability to prevent the introduction of the pathogen due to the increase in tourism and the expansion of migration. The timely identification of infected animals is an effective means of preventing brucellosis and minimizing the epidemiological risk. The tube agglutination test, Rose Bengal plate test, complement fixation test, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, which are routinely used to identify seropositive productive animals, have limitations and results that do not always correlate. The indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) stands out among non-traditional methods because it is affordable, has a simple protocol, and is more reliable than classical serological tests, especially in cases of questionable and/or false-negative results. The diagnostic value of the IHA has long been studied by laboratories in several countries, but mostly by post-soviet research teams; therefore, the results continue to be published in Russian-language journals, ensuring that the local scientific community can access the results. In addition, the efficacy of this test for the diagnosis of brucellosis and other infectious diseases has not yet been reviewed. The purpose of this review was to summarize the results of studies on the development and use of IHA for the diagnosis of brucellosis and to determine the prospects for further improvement Keywords: brucellosis, diagnostic value, indirect hemagglutination assay, prospects for improving the test, serological tests.

Tectonics and architectonics of the network of historical centers of architectural and urban planning culture in the ethnic regions of Ukraine

In the article, from the standpoint of taking into account the natural and urbanized environment, the features of the formation and structure of a network of small historical settlements – carriers of the architectural and urban planning culture of Ukraine are considered. In particular, a comparative analysis of the location of 262 settlements in 12 ethnic regions of Ukraine with a network of underground discontinuous dislocations was carried out. The analysis showed that in 12 ethnic regions of Ukraine (Bukovyna, Volyn, Halychyna, Donbass, Transcarpathia, Crimea, Podillia, Polissia, Naddnipryanshchyna, Severshchyna, Slobozhanshchyna, Tavria) the network of tectonic faults has a different configuration and density. At the same time, only a small number of places with historical buildings coincide with fault lines. The analysis showed that the choice of places for the formation of historical settlements was not random; there were tendencies in their attraction to the shores of rivers and seas, as well as in the desire to avoid underground tectonic faults and the corresponding geopathic zones. The localization of the vast majority of architectural and urban planning culture centres’ in special healthy places confirmed the need to take into account tectonics in ethnic regions and non-traditional knowledge and methods of dowsing in the analysis of historical settlements. In addition, it was found that most of these settlements are located on inter-main areas, remote from dense urbanization zones. This testifies to the initial desire of ethnic culture, on the one hand, for isolation from the processes of urbanization, and on the other hand, for its own preservation and creation of its own network of regional culture centres’ that opposes the mass culture of modern civilization. As a result, proposals were substantiated on the need to take into account the original architectonic and tectonic structure of a network of small provincial cities and towns, villages, temples and monasteries with signs of a historical architectural and urban environment during the post-war restoration and further sustainable development of settlements and territories of Ukraine.

Lietuvių kalba mokykloje: mokslinės įžvalgos ir pedagoginė patirtis

The article reviews the issues investigated in the reports and articles developed from the conference reports of the scientific and practical conferences “Mother Tongue at School” organised at Šiauliai University (since 2021, Šiauliai Academy of Vilnius University) in 2012–2022. The aim of the article is to present the journal “Gimtoji kalba mokykloje” [Mother Tongue at School] using the descriptive-analytical method, to discuss topics, problems, aims of the articles, and to summarise the most relevant issues of Lithuanian studies, Lithuanian language and literature teaching (didactics), variations in the Lithuanian language, changes, standardisation, and the importance of Lithuanian literature in developing a thinking and reading individual, conscious of the importance of the native (Lithuanian) language.
 The journal “Gimtoji kalba mokykloje” has published 119 articles by 148 authors. Linguistic articles among them are divided into the following thematic blocks: 1) The importance of the influence of linguistic environment and personalities in preserving national identity. Language policy; 2) Public language. Language etiquette; 3) Language in the digital space, computer literacy. Office, administrative language. Language management; 4) Language correctness. Literacy. Spelling and punctuation issues; 5) Language norms and errors; 6) Dialect studies; 7) Stylistic figures. Conceptual metaphors. Associations; 8) Terminology issues; 9) Language didactics. Academic, professional language. The field of topics is broad, discussions include: general language, dialects, language norming, language in the digital space, language didactics, the process of language teaching and learning, and the effects of bilingualism. The articles in the literature section are divided into five thematic blocks: 1) Promotion of reading, professional press for teachers; 2) Lithuanian writers’ works in school, concerns of reading classics; 3) Children’s literature and school; 4) Working with the text to prepare the future reader; 5) Non-traditional literature teaching methods and other problems. Researchers and teachers are interested in current school (and societal) issues, exploring why reading is low and discussing what could encourage reading. The importance of creative, innovative library work and family reading traditions are highlighted. It stresses that the school is also an important player in this field, where the child must become a competent reader.
 The articles published in the journal encourage a theoretical dialogue between researchers and practical educators, highlight topical issues in teaching Mother Tongue, and invite to jointly search for solutions to problems.

INVESTIGATION OF THE MACHINING PERFORMANCE OF ALUMINUM–BRONZE ALLOY IN WEDM USING TAGUCHI METHOD

Aluminum–Bronze alloys (Al-10%–Cu-balance) are difficult-to-machine cut alloys. Copper (Cu) metal itself is not suitable for machining. The machining performance of the Aluminum–Bronze alloy sample was investigated by the Wire Electric Discharge Machining (WEDM) method, which is among the non-traditional manufacturing methods used in conductive materials that are difficult to process. The aluminum–bronze sample with a diameter of 20[Formula: see text]mm was cut with 0.18[Formula: see text]mm molybdenum wire electrode. Table feedrate, pulse-on-time and pulse-space were used as experimental parameters. Surface roughness and energy consumption values were measured in WEDM process. According to Taguchi analysis and ANOVA results, it was determined that the pulse-on-time parameter was effective on the surface roughness and the table feedrate parameter was effective on the energy consumption.

Parents' User Experience Accessing and Using a Web-Based Map of COVID-19 Recommendations for Health Decision-Making: Qualitative Descriptive Study.

The eCOVID19 Recommendations Map & Gateway to Contextualization (RecMap) website was developed to identify all COVID-19 guidelines, assess the credibility and trustworthiness of the guidelines, and make recommendations understandable to various stakeholder groups. To date, little has been done to understand and explore parents' experiences when accessing and using the RecMap website for COVID-19 health decision-making. To explore (1) where parents look for COVID-19 health information and why, (2) parents' user experience when accessing and using the RecMap website to make health decisions, and (3) what knowledge mobilization activities are needed to increase parents' awareness, use, and engagement with the RecMap website. We conducted a qualitative descriptive study using semistructured interviews and a think-aloud activity with parents of children aged 18 years or younger living in Canada. Participants were asked to provide feedback on the RecMap website and to "think aloud" as they navigated the website to find relevant COVID-19 health recommendations. Demographic information was collected using a web-based questionnaire. A hybrid deductive and inductive thematic approach guided analysis and data synthesis. A total of 21 participants (13/21, 62% mothers) were interviewed and participated in a think-aloud activity. The data were categorized into four sections, representative of key elements that deductively and inductively emerged from the data: (1) parent information seeking behaviors and preferences for COVID-19, (2) RecMap website usability, (3) perceived usefulness of the RecMap website, and (4) knowledge mobilization strategies to increase awareness, use, and engagement of the RecMap website. Parents primarily used the internet to find COVID-19 information and focused on sources that they determined to be credible, trustworthy, simple, and engaging. As the pandemic evolved, participants' information-seeking behaviors changed, specifically their topics of interest and search frequency. Most parents were not aware of the RecMap website before this study but found satisfaction with its concept and layout and expressed intentions to use and share it with others. Parents experienced some barriers to using the RecMap website and suggested key areas for improvement to facilitate its usability and perceived usefulness. Recommendations included a more user-friendly home page for lay audiences (separate public-facing user interface), improving the search and filter options, quicker navigation, clearer titles, more family-friendly graphics, and improving mobile-friendly access. Several strategies to disseminate the RecMap website were also expressed, including a mix of traditional and nontraditional methods (handouts and social media) in credible and high-traffic locations that parents frequent often. Overall, parents liked the concept of the RecMap website but had some suggestions to improve its usability (language, navigation, and website interface). These findings can be used to improve the RecMap website for parents and offer insight for the development and dissemination of effective web-based health information tools and resources for the general public.

Learning model combining convolutional deep neural network with a self-attention mechanism for AC optimal power flow

Alternating current optimal power flow (OPF) analysis is critical for efficient and reliable operation of power systems. For large systems or repetitive computations, the traditional methods such as the direct and gradient methods, or non-traditional methods, such as the genetic algorithm and simulating annealing, are time-consuming and unsuitable for real-time computing. The work in this paper proposes a novel framework to obtain the optimal solution of power flow in real-time using a combination of convolutional neural networks and a self-attention mechanism. All parameters of the power networks are rearranged in an image-like shape of a multi-channel image where each channel is a two-dimensional matrix. The proposed approach is adaptive with every input size of power systems as well as frequent variations of network topologies without intervention to the framework core. The encompassment of all power system contexts in which all parameters of internal elements, generation costs, and topology information are included, contributes to the higher accuracy of inference compared to other current machine-learning-based OPF-solving methods. Besides, the proposed framework established on ubiquitous platforms is effortlessly integrated into current infrastructures of power systems, and the great efficiency along with the computation speed may serve as a critical point for practical implications, such as enabling faster decision-making during real-time operations, predicting system contingencies, and remedial actions based on an offline pre-trained model. This supervised learning process is applied to the dataset of four case studies of meshed power systems: the IEEE 5-bus system (IEEE-5), the IEEE 30-bus system (IEEE-30), the IEEE 39-bus system (IEEE-39), and the IEEE 57-bus system (IEEE-57) to prove the efficacy of the proposed method.

Using EpiCore to Enable Rapid Verification of Potential Health Threats: Illustrated Use Cases and Summary Statistics.

The proliferation of digital disease-detection systems has led to an increase in earlier warning signals, which subsequently have resulted in swifter responses to emerging threats. Such highly sensitive systems can also produce weak signals needing additional information for action. The delays in the response to a genuine health threat are often due to the time it takes to verify a health event. It was the delay in outbreak verification that was the main impetus for creating EpiCore. This paper describes the potential of crowdsourcing information through EpiCore, a network of voluntary human, animal, and environmental health professionals supporting the verification of early warning signals of potential outbreaks and informing risk assessments by monitoring ongoing threats. This paper uses summary statistics to assess whether EpiCore is meeting its goal to accelerate the time to verification of identified potential health events for epidemic and pandemic intelligence purposes from around the world. Data from the EpiCore platform from January 2018 to December 2022 were analyzed to capture request for information response rates and verification rates. Illustrated use cases are provided to describe how EpiCore members provide information to facilitate the verification of early warning signals of potential outbreaks and for the monitoring and risk assessment of ongoing threats through EpiCore and its utilities. Since its launch in 2016, EpiCore network membership grew to over 3300 individuals during the first 2 years, consisting of professionals in human, animal, and environmental health, spanning 161 countries. The overall EpiCore response rate to requests for information increased by year between 2018 and 2022 from 65.4% to 68.8% with an initial response typically received within 24 hours (in 2022, 94% of responded requests received a first contribution within 24 h). Five illustrated use cases highlight the various uses of EpiCore. As the global demand for data to facilitate disease prevention and control continues to grow, it will be crucial for traditional and nontraditional methods of disease surveillance to work together to ensure health threats are captured earlier. EpiCore is an innovative approach that can support health authorities in decision-making when used complementarily with official early detection and verification systems. EpiCore can shorten the time to verification by confirming early detection signals, informing risk-assessment activities, and monitoring ongoing events.

Клинический случай лечения иглоножом компрессионной радикулопатии шейного отдела позвоночника

On the example of a specific clinical case – compression radiculopathy of the spinal cord roots of the cervical spine, the causes and prevalence of this disease, the generally accepted tactics of outpatient treatment and its results, the pathophysiological substantiation of the use of new, non-traditional methods for the treatment of this pathology, such as acupotomy have been analyzed in the article.

Harnessing nutritional immunity and advanced diagnostics for COVID-19 prevention

The ongoing worldwide health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, which began in Wuhan, China, has led to infections across the globe. Although many vaccines are available, a definitive cure has yet to be found. This study examines methods to lessen the impact of the disease, focusing on preventive actions and strengthening the immune system through diets rich in vitamins and nutrients. Our investigation also considers non-traditional methods, particularly the vital role of early detection in controlling the spread of COVID-19. Accurate diagnostic techniques are essential in this effort. Surprisingly, there is a lack of comprehensive studies on the complex interactions between various vitamins, trace metals, and immunity in relation to COVID-19. Addressing this gap, our review carefully analyzes how diets enriched with vitamin D can boost immunity. Additionally, we explore worldwide challenges that impede the progress of effective and quick diagnostic methods. Our goal is to provide a thorough understanding of the current situation regarding immunity, diagnostic procedures, and treatment approaches for COVID-19. This review not only covers various diagnostic methods for SARS-CoVs but also assesses the effectiveness of different vaccines against COVID-19. Through detailed analysis, we contribute to the ongoing discussion on fighting COVID-19, providing important information for researchers, healthcare workers, and policymakers.

Hydroponic Nutrient Solution Temperature Impacts Tulane Virus Persistence over Time

Controlled environment agriculture (CEA), or indoor agriculture, encompasses non-traditional farming methods that occur inside climate-controlled structures (e.g., greenhouses, warehouses, high tunnels) allowing for year-round production of fresh produce such as leaf lettuce. However, recent outbreaks and recalls associated with hydroponically grown lettuce contaminated with human pathogens have raised concerns. Few studies exist on the food safety risks during hydroponic cultivation of leaf lettuce; thus, it is important to identify contributing risk factors and potential mitigation strategies to prevent foodborne transmission via hydroponically grown produce. In this study, the concentration of infectious Tulane virus (TV), a human norovirus surrogate, in hydroponic nutrient solution at 15 °C, 25 °C, 30 °C, and 37 °C was determined over a duration of 21 days to mimic the time from seedling to mature lettuce. The mean log PFU reduction for TV was 0.86, 1.80, 2.87, and ≥ 3.77 log10 at 15 °C, 25 °C, 30 °C, and 37 °C, respectively, at the end of the 21-day period. Similarly, average decimal reduction values (D-values) of TV at 15 °C, 25 °C, 30 °C, and 37 °C were 48.0, 11.3, 8.57, and 7.02 days, respectively. This study aids in the (i) identification of possible food safety risks associated with hydroponic systems specifically related to nutrient solution temperature and (ii) generation of data to perform risk assessments within CEA leaf lettuce operations to inform risk management strategies for the reduction of foodborne outbreaks, fresh produce recalls, and economic losses.

Seismic reinforcement of buildings constructed from unreinforced masonry using shotcrete

Introduction. This work mentions the existence of traditional and non-traditional methods of seismic reinforcement of buildings and structures, including buildings built from masonry and historical architectural monuments. Concrete shotcreting, or other cementbased mortar is considered as one of the methods of seismic reinforcement, which belongs to traditional methods and is regarded the most suitable in this case, since it allows seismic reinforcement of buildings constructed from unreinforced masonry, which includes many historical architectural monuments, increasing their load-bearing capacity and at the same time almost without increasing their weight.
 
 Aim. The research is intended to contribute to the seismic reinforcement of buildings, including architectural monuments, built from unreinforced masonry to withstand future seismic impacts from natural phenomena such as earthquake.
 
 Materials and methods. A review and detailed study of the seismic reinforcement method was carried out, namely shotcrete with concrete, which is a traditional method, its advantages and disadvantages, the essence of the method and the sequence of its implementation. A review of historical earthquakes in different countries and their devastating consequences for buildings constructed from unreinforced masonry was also carried out. The in-plane behavior of unreinforced masonry supports and walls under the influence of seismic lateral forces is considered.
 
 Results. The possible practical application and steps of concrete shotcrete over a metal mesh of unreinforced masonry walls for their seismic reinforcement are proposed and clearly demonstrated.
 
 Conclusions. Conclusions have been drawn about the feasibility of using shotcrete over a metal mesh for seismic reinforcement of buildings built from unreinforced masonry, which makes it possible to save the lives of people living in them in case of earthquakes.

How Can Scholarship Contribute to Housing Justice? Three Roles for Researchers

ABSTRACT This article discusses three ways that research, within and outside academia, can contribute to housing activism. First, we discuss the role that documentation, using non-traditional methods such as film, art, and social media, can play in expanding the visibility of struggles and in politicizing people in the process. Second, we consider how a “politics of resourcefulness” can support activism, by channelling material support from universities and other institutions, asking research questions of interest and relevance to activists, and by investigating the barriers to, and opportunities for, sustained participation in activism. Third we analyse how recent and historic scholarship has re-imagined what housing means by locating it in a wider political sphere, of (anti)racism, participatory justice, and self-determination. We argue that such works, whilst not necessarily directly engaged in on-the-ground struggles, create a conceptual “guide for action”, that stretch the question of housing (in)justice beyond (re)distribution to questions of (anti)racism, (anti)colonialism and participatory justice.

Uncovering hidden footprints: revision of the Lower Jurassic (Sinemurian) Razorback Beds – home to Australia’s earliest reported dinosaur trackway

ABSTRACT This investigation uses archival data (circa 1954) to elucidate new details on Australia’s first scientifically described dinosaur trackway, located at the Fireclay Caverns-Site A, Mount Morgan, Queensland. A high-resolution archival photograph reveals two additional prints, extending the known sequence from four to six tracks. Leveraging this extended dataset, we have quantified temporospatial variations to assess the trackmaker’s locomotion. Our findings reveal a decrease in stride and step lengths towards the end of the trackway, accompanied by a slight directional shift from east-southeast to east and a reduction in walking speed from a maximum of 3.8–1.8 km/hr. The life reconstruction animation of the Fireclay Caverns-Site A trackmaker supports the walking gait calculated from the relative stride data and demonstrates biomechanically plausible limb movements. By incorporating non-traditional methods, such as temporal trackway analysis and its translation as a trackmaker animation, we establish a broader framework for conventional ichnological studies. This approach enhances our interpretation of the dynamic record encapsulated in fossil trackways, enabling us to visualise and scientifically scrutinise the behaviour of extinct trackmakers.

ENTERPRISE INTERNET MARKETING: METHODS, TOOLS, DEVELOPMENT TASKS

The impact of globalization processes on the competitive business environment requires a modern understanding and the use of new approaches to meet the needs of the modern consumer. For a long period of time, all business entities, in particular the agricultural sector, have taken various measures to promote their products and services. Effective promotion of the products of the agrarian sector enterprise is able to ensure their stable position on the market, financial stability and competitiveness in the modern business environment. However, today's realities have changed the form of promotion of goods and services, which was generally accepted, does not sufficiently reproduce the facts of increasing the efficiency of management and economic growth of business entities, but, on the contrary, testify to the need to change the paradigm of modern means of promoting goods and services on the market. Effective management of agrarian business in the conditions of informatization of the economy requires the use of innovative technologies and methods of promoting the product (raw material) and/or brand to the market. Internet marketing can be considered a necessary combination of innovative technologies and methods in marketing in modern economic conditions. It will contribute to the emergence of new innovative tools and methods for marketing activities, which help to more fully identify and satisfy the needs of consumers and, as a result, maximize the company's profits The article discusses methods and tools of Internet marketing. The types of tools, components of traditional and non-traditional methods of Internet marketing are systematized. The reasons for the slow development of Internet marketing of enterprises in the agrarian sector have been studied. The main tasks of Internet marketing in the further activities of enterprises of the agrarian sector are determined according to the constituent elements proposed in this work.