Non-standard Forms Research Articles

О ФОРМИРОВАНИИ ВОКАБУЛ И ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ СЛОВАРНОЙ СТАТЬИ В СЛОВАРЕ ЯЗЫКА ОЛОНХО

The article presents the result of the procedure for resolving the issue of forming dictionary vocables, as well as organizing a dictionary entry in the dictionary of the language of the Yakut heroic epic Olonkho, proclaimed by UNESCO in 2005 as a masterpiece of the oral and intangible cultural heritage of humanity. The question was one of the rather complex problems in the theoretical development of a dictionary of the Olonkho language. The high degree of formulaicity of the language of the Yakut epic, the originality of the stylistics of the epic narrative and the characteristic features of the language of the Turkic peoples generated a complex of original properties of the Olonkho language, which determined the problematic character of lexicographic works. However, when developing the macro- and microstructure of dictionaries of the language of folklore, an unconventional solution to the problem is allowed, and therefore the work proposes a special structure of a dictionary entry, as well as methods for forming non-standard forms of dictionary vocables. To achieve the goal, we analyzed the functional and semantic features of the lexeme aghys ʻeightʼ in the olonkho text Nurgun Bootur the Swift by K. G. Orosin (1947). As a result of the analysis, the following points were clarified and determined: 1. it was decided to present stable verbal complexes of the Olonkho language (i. e. epic formulas, formulaic constructions, constructions of a formulaic nature), phraseological units, single lexemes and epic periods as vocabulary vocables. The main factors that served as support for making such a decision were the distinctive feature of the Turkic languages – the law of synharmonism, as well as the diffuse nature of the meaning of folk expressions, which requires an integrated approach to the compilation of dictionary definitions, including in the design of the lemma part of the dictionary. The basic principles of the structure of dictionary entries in the Olonkho language dictionary are indicated: the order of presentation of units of lexicographic description, the order of presentation of stable verbal complexes, principles of presentation of material, features of presentation of illustrative material. In developing the described principles, we relied on individual aspects of the theoretical positions expressed in the works of our predecessors, specializing in the field of Russian lingua-folkloristics, Russian folklore lexicography, in Turkic studies, as well as the result of a comprehensive analysis of materials from the K. G. Orosin’s olonkho text of Nurgun Bootur the Swift. In the course of further lexicographical work, it will obviously be possible to make minor adjustments, since the language material of the Yakut epic is extremely diverse. However, the result obtained in this article, in this aspect, will definitely form the basis of lexicography.

CONTRACTIONS AND PHONOLOGICAL PROCESS IN THE ALBUM"MEZMERIZE" AND "HYPNOTIZE" BY SYSTEM OF A DOWN BAND: PHONOLOGICAL STUDY

- Song lyrics have become an exciting medium for exploring language phenomena, including contractions and phonological processes. The use of contractions and phonological processes in the lyrics of the band System of a Down is the subject of this research. "Contractions and Phonological Process in the Albums "Mezmerize" and "Hypnotize" of the System of a Down Band: Phonological Study" is the title of this research. This research identifies contractions in three categories: standard contractions, negative contractions, and nonstandard forms. Besides identifying the contraction categories, it also describes the phonological processes that occur in each category including assimilation, dissimilation, feature change, feature addition, assertion, and deletion. This research aims to identify the contraction categories and analyze the phonological processes in two albums of songs. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method that emphasizes in-depth observation and provides a detailed description related to data collection and analysis. The theory is used based on the contraction category by Mair's (2006) theory in Losef (2013) Fromkin's (2011) and Roach's (1983) theory regarding the phonological process. The data analyzed in this research produced 68 data and there were 37 words using standard contractions (54%), 12 words using negative contractions (18%), and 19 words using non-standard forms (28%). In the phonological process only found 3 types, namely in the phonological process deletion reaches the highest number with 58 words (85%), while assimilation appears in 8 words (12%), and dissimilation is found in 2 words (3%).

Надомна робота і дистанційна робота: методологічний аспект розмежування понять нетрадиційних форм організації праці

The article aims to characterize home and distance work and establish the distinction between these concepts, considering the methodological aspect. The author notes that the pandemic of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which swept the world in 2020, as well as the full-scale armed aggression against Ukraine on February 24, 2022— acted as a catalyst for legislation on non-standard forms of employment because the usual form of employment with the performance of work at the employer’s location began to threaten the employee’s life and health. The genesis of the legal regulation of home and remote work is considered, emphasizing that, in essence, the legislator initially reduced two concepts to a synonymous understanding. The legal constructions of home and remote work are analyzed by establishing their features. It was concluded that homework and remote work are different legal phenomena and different forms of labor organization, the demand for which has increased many times over the last five years. The main conceptual difference between these forms of work organization is that home work is characterized by what is performed by the employee at his place of residence or in other premises defined by him, which are characterized by the presence of a fixed zone. Here, there is no possibility of performing work on the employer’s territory or premises. Remote work involves the performance of work by an employee outside the workplace or territory of the employer, in any place of the employee’s choice, without a fixed area for the performance of work by the employee. Attention is focused on the different legal nature and essential features of these forms of labor organization. It is substantiated that the clear distinction between the concepts of home and remote work, which is finally contained in the Labor Code of Ukraine, generally corresponds to the methodology of the science of labor law, considers the achievements of scientists in the field of labor law and the different nature of these concepts. That is, the current codified act on labor contains ordered definitions and does not differ in legal equilibrium. It is also summarized that the current definitions of home and remote work no longer allow for confusion in these categories and, therefore, reduce the risk of violation of the labor rights of employees, providing a legal basis for exercising their right to work in less dangerous conditions, which are typical for work at an employer’s company, when the entire workforce is gathering. Keywords: right to work, labor relations, legal regulation, employment contract, employee, employer, labor rights, employment, home work, remote work, remote worker.

David Burliuk – many-faced and individual

INTRODUCTION. The creative personality of David Burliuk gave grounds for naming a kind of International Avant-garde Artistic Award after him. Consider the incarnations of the creative personality of the “father of Russian futurism” David Burliuk means to penetrate into the world of avant-garde art and various forms of artistry, which is especially relevant these days, representing great interest for the study of Russian futurism. The purpose of the article is to show the diversity of activities of the father of Russian futurism, David Burliuk, in establishing new forms of art.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The research material was the personal experience of the author of the article working with the work of David Burliuk, the life and work of those associated with the Tambov region. Techniques for collecting, systematizing and analyzing material underlie the methods used, including bibliographic, descriptive, linguistic and poetic.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The hypostases of the creative personality of David Burliuk are considered, which gave grounds for assigning a kind of avant-garde artistic award to his name. The innovative activity of David Burliuk as the organizer of the leading futurist group “Gilea”, the initiator of exhibitions, publishing projects, presentations of the work of cubo-futurists in different cities and regions of Russia is described.CONCLUSION. The features of David Burliuk’s poetic work with nonstandard forms are revealed, in which he acted as an innovator, stimulating the search for his colleagues, especially those who joined the movement as it developed. An important hypostasis of Burliuk’s creative personality has been established – the “instinct of aesthetic self-preservation” – the recording of creative activity in memoirs, correspondence and in the magazine “Color and Rhyme”.

Nonstandard consumption forms: A comparative analysis

The author introduces a category of nonstandard consumption, which remarkably differs from conventional patterns of pursuing economic self-interests. Based upon previous studies, a comparative analysis of panic, impulsive and compulsive buying as well as status and ethical consumption is conducted. Empirically, spread of these forms of consumption and their associations with the consumer preferences are revealed along with antecedents of each form. Data were collected from a nationwide representative survey of the Russian population aged 18+. The survey was conducted by the HSE University in June—July 2023 in 55 regions of Russia as face-to-face interviews by place of residence. The sample includes 6,000 respondents. Apart from descriptive statistics, factor analysis is used for structuring consumer preferences and logistic regressions are used to estimate the main predictors of nonstandard forms of consumption. It has been revealed that all five forms of nonstandard consumption are associated at a high level of significance and characterize more active groups of consumers. Significant relations of each consumption form are investigated with the social and demographic parameters, per capita income, types of residence, involvement into online shopping, use of various information channels, and the level of psychological distress.

Generosity of old‐age pensions for the self‐employed—A typology of European welfare states

AbstractResearch on pension generosity has so far used employees in standard employment as the reference point, ignoring nonstandard forms of employment such as the self‐employed. Moreover, as one of the major concepts of welfare state analysis, generosity has not been considered in research on the old‐age security of the self‐employed. Hence, there is a ‘missing link’ between the two strands in the literature. This paper aims to close this research gap by analysing the differences between 12 European welfare states regarding the generosity of old‐age pensions for the self‐employed. Based on the degree of strictness of access and benefit level, a typology is developed that results in four types of generosity: high generosity, low generosity, basic security and selective generosity.

Occupational health and safety in aquaculture: Organisation of work and employment in small seaweed farms in North West Europe

AbstractThere is evidence that seaweed production can involve a variety of physical risks, but there has been little study of how wider contextual factors – such as enterprise size, economic and business relations, and forms of employment arrangements – may affect workers’ safety. This study explores the impact of such aspects on workers’ experiences of occupational safety and health (OSH) risks and their management in the developing seaweed industry, in North West Europe. Based on qualitative findings from a survey and discussions with owners/managers, workers and stakeholders in the industry, the study identified a number of issues relating to OSH in seaweed production. These include the predominance of micro small enterprises, the presence of significant risks to health and safety and limitations in the capacity of owners/managers to address them, as well as structural and economic factors in the sector that promote precarious work, and the low visibility and inaccessibility of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) to both public and private regulations. The paper discusses experiences of these issues in the emergent industry and relates them to the wider literature about work health and safety in micro and small firms and precarious and non-standard forms of work, typically found in agriculture and food production. Findings point to the need for better orchestration of public and private regulatory influences and further research to determine if strategies that are seen as successful in other sectors could be transferred to the emergent European seaweed industry.

Current State and Prospects of Development of the Self-Employed Market

Relevance. The ongoing transformational processes of economic systems, the development of IT technologies, communications, and cryptogenologies contribute to the development of innovative forms of labor organization and their types. There is a revaluation of the cost of labor, a change in the conditions of its employment, the structure of the labor market is changing due to non-standard forms of employment and employment, respectively, all this has a significant impact not only on the economic, but also on the social component of society. It should be noted that one of the most widespread and dynamically developing forms of employment in the labor market today is "self-employment", which requires in-depth study in the context of global changes. The purpose is the study involves an analysis of the current situation of non-standard forms of employment, in particular the category of "self-employment". Objectives: to consider the main trends in the self-employed labor market; to identify factors contributing to the rapid growth of the number of self-employed. Methodology: logical and systematic analysis of information sources in the field of self-employment development; expert opinion and personal observations; content analysis of Russian social networks. Results: an assessment of the impact of the digital economy on the development of the labor market, changes in its structure, forms of employment is given, a range of problems and opportunities related to state employment assistance is outlined. Conclusions. Current trends and future prospects for employment development in the context of labor market transformation are associated with an increase in the number of self-employed both abroad and in the Russian Federation. And the ongoing transformations significantly affect the change in the structure of labor relations and their digitalization. Therefore, in order to ensure positive dynamics in the labor market, it is necessary to integrate research on self-employment in economics, labor law, sociology and psychology.

Vowel alternation with final i offers an easy-to-learn morphological option for a sex-blind grammatical gender in French.

Like all modern Romance languages, French has a sex-based grammatical gender with two genders, feminine and masculine, and a lexicon that is highly sex-differentiated. These characteristics give rise to a number of issues, including the problematic generic use of the masculine grammatical gender, coupled with the challenge of sex categorization itself, and the epistemological difficulty of an adequate sociological description and analysis of what gender commonsense categories really are about. To remedy these concerns, several authors have proposed the creation of an additional, epicene grammatical gender. We have identified three such systematic proposals, or solutions, which specify various morphological options for new epicene nouns and gender markers on their satellite elements. These options include the use of non-standard or rarely used characters, the merging of feminine and masculine gender markers, as well as consonantal and vowel changes. In the simplest proposal, referred to as "solution I," new epicene forms are mostly derived from feminine forms by systematically replacing with an i the final e that generally differentiates feminines from their masculine counterparts in written French. Although these solutions are used in some communities, their learnability has not been addressed so far, even though it could be a determining factor in their popularity and their eventual integration into standard French. In the present study, we provide a first assessment of this aspect by means of an online translation test. For each solution, French-speaking participants were instructed that they would be trained to learn an "alien" language that does not mark sex/gender categories (these alien languages correspond to standard French where only gendered words referring to people are replaced by the new epicene forms recommended by each solution). After a short learning-by-example phase, participants were required to translate into the alien language a set of 16 standard French sentences. The translations were analyzed as a function of several variables including the participants' self-reported age and sex, the word categories and the solutions themselves. While all solutions proved quickly learnable, participants' responses with solution I achieved the highest accuracy score, in particular with regard to the production of non-standard epicene forms.

Современные направления реформирования пенсионных систем

With all the variety of existing pension models in the world, most of them belong to the group of solidarity system and involve a significant amount of redistribution of resources. Accumulative systems mainly complement, rather than replace distributive pension systems, especially when forming so-called multi-level models. The article analyzes some controversial issues of modern parametric pension reforms, the ratio of insurance and non-insurance elements of systems, the impact of the introduction of individual conditional saving accounts, rules for the use of pension loans, mechanisms for blocking early retirement. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of including workers with non-standard forms of employment in the pension insurance system and it is concluded that by enabling certain categories of non-standard workers to independently sole issues of their material security in old age, it is necessary to take into account the financial cost of this policy for the state.

Signatures of a surface spin–orbital chiral metal

The relation between crystal symmetries, electron correlations and electronic structure steers the formation of a large array of unconventional phases of matter, including magneto-electric loop currents and chiral magnetism1–6. The detection of such hidden orders is an important goal in condensed-matter physics. However, until now, non-standard forms of magnetism with chiral electronic ordering have been difficult to detect experimentally7. Here we develop a theory for symmetry-broken chiral ground states and propose a methodology based on circularly polarized, spin-selective, angular-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy to study them. We use the archetypal quantum material Sr2RuO4 and reveal spectroscopic signatures that, despite being subtle, can be reconciled with the formation of spin–orbital chiral currents at the surface of the material8–10. As we shed light on these chiral regimes, our findings pave the way for a deeper understanding of ordering phenomena and unconventional magnetism.

Developing future competencies of people employed in non-standard forms of employment: employers’ and employees’ perspective

PurposeThe aim of this study is to analyze the differences between non-standard forms of employment (FoE) (i.e. dependent self-employment/business-to-business/B2B contract and contract of mandate) in terms of investing in the development of future competencies by employees and employers. This study also examined additional factors which influence these investments.Design/methodology/approachTo collect data, the computer-assisted telephone interview technique was used. 200 employees from different companies located in Poland participated in this study, wherein each of the above-mentioned FoEs (i.e. dependent self-employment and contract of mandate) was represented by 100 people. The Chi-Square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used in the statistical analyses.FindingsIn the case of only 2 out of 14 competencies, there were statistically significant differences between the two groups of respondents: the employers financed training courses for B2B employees more frequently than for mandate contract workers. Moreover, in only one case there was a statistically significant difference: the self-employed financed training courses themselves more often than mandate contract workers. This study revealed an important impact of other variables such as respondents’ age, education level, parental status and industry on the training activities undertaken by employers and employees.Originality/valueAlthough the issue of developing future competencies is important, there is little research examining this problem in the context of people who work in non-standard FoE. Moreover, previous research primarily focused on identifying differences between people working under employment contracts and the self-employed. This article fills these research gaps as well as shows that more factors should be considered in the research models to get a deeper insight into the problem of non-standard FoEs.

The Evolution of Employment Law and Its Impact on Workplace Dynamics

Purpose: This study investigates the evolution of employment law and its consequential impact on contemporary workplace dynamics. The research aims to elucidate the developmental trajectory of employment law and how these legal frameworks influence organizational behavior and labor market outcomes. Research Design and Methodology: A comprehensive review of pertinent literature was conducted, employing a qualitative, descriptive research methodology. This approach involved systematic examination and synthesis of existing studies, providing a nuanced understanding of the historical antecedents and contemporary phenomena influencing employment law. Findings and Discussion: The findings reveal that employment law has significantly evolved from its nascent stages during the Industrial Revolution to the complex legal frameworks of today. Key developments include establishing minimum wage laws, anti-discrimination statutes, and regulations addressing non-standard employment forms. The study highlights the impact of these legal changes on organizational practices, employee well-being, and broader economic dynamics. Technological advancements and globalization are critical drivers of recent legal adaptations, raising new challenges and opportunities within the gig economy and digital workspaces. Implications: The evolution of employment law underscores the importance of robust legal protections for promoting fair and equitable workplaces. Policymakers and organizational leaders are encouraged to continuously adapt legal frameworks to address emerging challenges, ensuring the protection of workers' rights, and fostering inclusive and dynamic work environments. Further interdisciplinary research is essential to inform effective policy interventions and enhance the adaptability of employment law in the face of ongoing socio-economic transformations.

Productivity slowdown across European regions: does non-standard work matter?

ABSTRACT In recent decades, Europe has experienced a significant slowdown in productivity, accompanied by rising regional inequalities. At the same time, the fragmentation of work and the rise of non-standard forms of employment have deeply reshaped labour markets. Through the analysis of an extensive database comprising data on regional labour markets and productivity trends, we investigate the relationship between non-standard work and labour productivity dynamics in European regions from 2004 to 2018. The findings highlight that increasing non-standard employment across regions is likely to negatively affect labour productivity growth. Moreover, to some extent, the spread of non-standard jobs, especially of permanent, yet involuntary, part-time positions, might contribute to the widening of regional disparities.

Variation as Christian Identity Marker in Egypt: A Sociolinguistic Study

This study explores how variation marks the religious identity of the Egyptian Christians and helps in describing the present sociolinguistic landscape in Egypt. Data for this study has been collected from Christian friends, students, and neighbors as well as Christian T.V. programs and videos. Data has shown significant lexical and phonological differences in expressing common religious concepts, ritual expressions, and names. These differences, which depend mainly on synonyms, paraphrasing, loanwords, and pronunciation, constitute a shibboleth in Egypt. The study has revealed that not only is variation regional or social, but religious as well. Moreover, the colloquial lexis and non-standard speech forms that Christians use contradict Ferguson’s claim that the highly codified variety of diglossic languages is always used in giving sermons. Although the variation is not that substantiative and does not impede understanding, the study has pointed out that there is a religious-based dialect differentiation in Egypt and the Egyptian Christians could be classified as bidialectal to some extent. The ultimate goal of this variation is to mark themselves as a different religious group in an Islamic society. The plethora of the Arabic lexis and expressions and the diglossic nature of Arabic enabled the Egyptian Christians to easily communicate with Muslims and simultaneously preserve their socioreligious identity.

Post-socialist restauration of capitalism, deindustrialization, and precarization of labor: The case of Serbia

In this paper the author analyzes the relationship between deindustrialization and the increase in labor precarity in Serbian society amidst the conditions of post-socialist restauration of capitalism. Given that Serbia is among the societies with the highest income inequalities in Europe which are disproportionately affecting the unemployed and those engaged in non-standard (precarious) forms of employment, the author argues that the structural cause of this situation lies in the destruction of the economy, particularly industrial production, during so called transition from socialist to capitalist economic relations. The author distinguishes two different yet interconnected phases within the process of restauration of capitalism in the case of Serbia. Therefore, in this paper, the author takes a historical overview of the development and destruction of industry in Serbian society over the past hundred years to understand the extent of the reserve army of labor in Serbian society, which forms the foundation of existing social inequality and labor precarity.

Based on (your) real life? Telling true stories in translation

This paper proposes to envisage the creative transcription of marginal voices in fiction as a form of intralingual and intermodal translation, since this process involves the transfer of linguistic forms from real, spoken contexts to fictional, written contexts. It also examines the shift from the source to the target language, and considers how the distance between the readership and the characters may affect the way in which these texts are seen as representative of the “real life” of the people depicted. In an attempt to participate to paratextual research on the reception of translated fiction, particularly when it comes to works featuring non-standard linguistic forms and the voices of marginalised people, this paper proposes to weave together the experiences of two authors, Faïza Guène and Alex Wheatle. It will illustrate that the way publishing houses and the press emphasise the links between various aspects of the authors’ background and that of their characters tends to encourage readers to conflate novel and narrative. It will also become clear that these editorial choices diverge from the information presented by authors themselves, who prefer to focus on the stylistic aspects of their books. When it comes to interlingual translation, the paratext does not seem to address the participation of a third person in the process, who filters the voice presented in the novels a second time and reproduces it using the words of the target language. All of these decisions result in readers often perceiving these works as anthropology and not as works of fiction that correspond to the ethical and aesthetic aims of the authors.

PLATFORM WORK IN SELECTED COUNTRIES OF EASTERN AND CENTRAL EUROPE

Labour markets are increasingly being organized through digital platforms. These platforms are often characterized by a systematic asymmetry of information and power in favour of platform providers. They rely on an independent workforce that receives low wages and no social security, and at the same time works for its own account and bears the risk independently. Non-standard form of business via digital platforms offers benefits such as more flexible working hours, more favourable prices, and opportunities for income generation, but it also come with challenges related to job stability, benefits, and legal protections. Since there are no official statistics on the size of platform work, a small number of literature deals with the research of the determinants of platform work. The aim of this paper is to determine how factors such as Internet purchases by individuals, GDP per capita, unemployment rate and DESI index affect the size of the platform work. The analysis was conducted on a sample of selected countries of Eastern and Central Europe (CEEC – Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia, Romania and Estonia) and for this purpose Eurostat and ETUI Internet and Platform Work Survey data were used. The results of analysis show that the GDP per capita and Internet purchases by individuals influence the size of platform work in selected countries.

Трансформация характера занятости в постсоветской России

The subject of the article is the Russian specifics of the nature of employment against the background of highly developed countries. The aim is to analyze the evolution of the nature of employment as a result of demographic and socio-economic transformations in Russia. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the consideration of the forms of employment as a result of the combined influence of demographic, sectoral and professional-labor transformations (existing works either did not analyze the reasons for the transformation of the nature of employment or limited to its individual aspects). The research method is a descriptive identification of the main theoretical approaches to the essential aspects of the nature of employment and their practical verification through statistical analysis on the basis of ILO, OECD and WB world statistics in correlation with the main stages of the socio-economic development of Russia after 1991. The analysis was carried out over a long period of time, starting from 1992, taking into account Russia’s economic cycles, which made it possible to trace the evolution of the nature of employment taking into account the transformation of socio-economic conditions. The simultaneous analysis of changes in all forms of employment was carried out, which made it possible to identify the Russian specifics of combining elements of standard and non-standard employment. It is concluded that with a certain lag in the sphere of demographic ageing and sectoral transformation in the form of shifting employment from the productive sector to the service sector, Russia, compared to highly developed countries, is characterized by a stronger differentiation of jobs by skill level and nature of labor operations (employment is more concentrated in two opposite sectors of mental highly skilled labor and manual physical low-skilled labor). The opinion of a number of authors about the strengthening of non-standard forms of employment in Russia has been verified and refuted. After the transition to capitalism, the basis of employment remains wage labor, and forms of non-wage labor (except for employers) during recessions are more of a transitional forced nature. At the same time, the share of informal employment has increased in Russia, but the basis of the labor force functioning regime is still full-time permanent employment (this observation refutes the opinion of a number of authors about the close connection between informal employment and other forms of non-standard employment). The conclusion is made that in the future the Russian labor market will see a strengthening of standard employment in the form of permanent wage labor, which will be beneficial to both employees (whose influence will increase due to the shift of the age structure towards older ages) and employers (due to increased requirements to the level of personnel qualification). At the same time, a certain increase in the share of temporary employment is possible in case of economic growth. Given that non-standard forms of employment in Russia mean a deterioration in the quality of jobs, the strengthening of standard forms of employment should be seen as a positive phenomenon. The results of this article can be used by Russian government agencies when planning the state employment policy, as well as by employers when taking into account the Russian specifics of the labor force in the preferred nature of employment.

Платформна зайнятість як інструмент подолання дефіциту робочої сили та розвитку людського капіталу

The aim of the article is to comprehensively discuss platform employment, which accumulates workers of both high and low qualifications, and to study the possibilities of using this non-standard form of employment to overcome the shortage of labor force and develop human capital in conditions of permanent crises of instability. The factors of formation of the shortage of labor force in the labor market of Ukraine and the loss of human capital are analyzed. It is determined that in order to overcome the shortage of labor, the main directions of employment policy should be attracting the maximum number of people to the national labor market and developing non-standard forms of employment, in particular platform employment. The features of platform employment as a tool for overcoming the shortage of personnel in the labor market are disclosed. The presence of two poles of employment on digital platforms has been revealed. First, it is low-skilled employment, and secondly, works and services that require special knowledge and a high professional qualification level. It is determined that the quality of employment on digital platforms depends on the professional and qualification level of employees, on their skills in using interactive technologies (applications, social networks and platforms in the Internet environment) and on personal characteristics (adaptability, flexibility, ability to learn, professional development, etc.). The results of the study confirmed that one of the most important ways to improve the employment situation related to labor shortages is the integration into the national labor market of internally displaced persons, persons with disabilities, veterans, migrants and persons who were forced to leave the country. To achieve this goal, it is important to comprehensively use different types of platform employment to balance the supply and demand of labor in the face of increased economic and social insecurity due to war shocks.