Non-physical Characteristics Research Articles

Community Preferences for Agrarian Reform in Kampung Reforma Agraria: A Case Study of Mekarsari Village, Banten

Abstract: An agrarian reform program encompassing asset and access arrangement was implemented to address the inequality in land ownership. Furthermore, asset management and access management models are integrated in the same location to increase the effectiveness of the agrarian reform program. As a pilot project, the first Kampung Reforma Agraria (KRA) was implemented in Mekarsari Village, Panimbang District, Pandeglang Regency, by distributing land to 225 subjects. However, after five years of implementing agrarian reform, some subjects still have not occupied KRA locations. This condition indicates that some subjects are reluctant to live in the designated location. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the profile and characteristics of TORA subjects’ residences who have yet to occupy the land granted in the KRA and the influence of these two factors on their spatial preferences regarding agrarian reform policies. By interviewing 23 TORA subjects who had yet to occupy the Tanah Objek Reforma Agraria (TORA) location and transfer their land rights, the results show that 52.5% wanted to move to KRA. In contrast, 47.5% did not want to occupy their land in KRA. Based on the analysis of the physical characteristics of the TORA subjects’ residences, the relationship between the physical distance from the subject’s current residence to KRA and the subject’s preference to move to KRA was not very significant. The factors most influencing the subject’s preferences are the residence’s non-physical characteristics, the land’s current legal status, and the socio-economic profile. Based on these findings, policymakers responsible for setting the criteria for land recipients should enhance the supervision system for subject selection from the outset. Furthermore, when designing access provision programs, it is essential to account for the diverse preferences and needs of each subject group. Keywords: Agrarian Reform; Access Arrangement; Asset Arrangement; Kampung Reforma Agraria; Spatial Preferences.

Local Wisdom in Housing and Settlement Planning: A Case Study of Sudiroprajan Chinatown, Surakarta

Local wisdom is essential in urban development planning by bringing cultural values. Local wisdom in housing and settlements forms special characteristics both in spatial and social aspects. Chinatown is a form of residential area created by Chinese community groups. Sudiroprajan Chinatown Village is the center of Chinese settlement which is also located in the economic center area of Surakarta City. The method used in this research is qualitative with literature study, observation, description and analysis of settlement character based on physical and non-physical characteristics. Chinatown Village has a linear pattern following the road and is influenced by feng shui in arranging the interior and exterior of housing. Most residents in Sudiroprajan Chinatown Village work in the trade and services sector, namely by opening businesses in house buildings or at Pasar Gede. The temple is also the worship centre for Chinese residents in Chinatown Village. The local wisdom found in Chinatown Village influences other activities, such as the emergence of economic activities and cultural tourism. This shows that local wisdom influences the character and condition of settlements physically and non-physically.

The Sustainability of Semarang Kauman Village (When Conservation Meets Development)

Semarang has developed as a large coastal city with an important port due to its strategic and unique position. This strategic and unique position is shown by the hills at the top of the city such as Gajah Mungkur, Candi, Mrican, Mugas, Mount Sawo, Simongan and others as well as lowlands at the bottom of the city. One of the important historical ethnic villages to be appointed is Kampung Kauman, Semarang, which has a distinctive history related to the existence of the Great Mosque of Semarang. is an ancient village inhabited by local residents which began to be awakened during the reign of Ki Ageng Padang Aran. The Great Mosque of Semarang, although it is quite an old mosque, is the first mosque in the city of Semarang which was founded by Ki Ageng Padang Aran. The Great Mosque of Semarang is located in the old Semarang square complex which has the same pattern as Javanese city squares in general. There are many opinions regarding the term "kauman". There is an opinion that "kauman" comes from the word: nggone wong qoum (place of the clans), pakauman (place of residence of the clans), sing aman (safe group/people) or there is also the opinion of qo'um muddin (Islamic religious leader). Based on the opinions described above, "kauman" contains the meaning of the residence of the scholars. This study aims to examine the sustainability of residential spaces in Kauman village, both physical and non-physical characteristics and aims to optimize the potential of existing villages for urban development planning. This research uses a descriptive method based on empirical facts. The results of the Kauman Village Residential Spatial Sustainability Research are then used as needed, including development strategies and future city government decisions.

STUDY OF THE PHYSICAL AND NON-PHYSICAL CHARACTERS OF PUBLIC SPACES IN MATSUM CITY, MEDAN

The success of a public space is closely related to its physical and non-physical characteristics. In urban villages, public space is essential for the environmental elements. Therefore, this research aims to examine and explore the physical and non-physical characteristics of public spaces in an urban village (case study: Kota Matsum Medan). The research method is a mixed manner, namely qualitative and quantitative. Researchers collected and analyzed primary data through observation, in-depth interviews with ten key informants, and distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents. All data are collected and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively and then presented descriptively. The research results show that the physical (type of space, accessibility, and comfort of space) and non-physical (community activity and sociability) characteristics of public spaces in Matsum City, Medan, are similar to public spaces in other urban villages. In this urban village, alleys not only function as circulation/accessibility routes but also as community gathering spaces. Even though the public spaces are not physically comfortable, the community's high social ties and economic considerations encourage the formation of a comfortable feeling for gathering and socializing. The results can be used as consideration for city planners to accommodate settlements that grow unplanned in the future.

Modelling national residential building exposure to flooding hazards

Residential buildings a high proportion of any country's fixed asset wealth. Despite their vulnerability to flood damage, detailed exposure information on characteristics and monetary value is often unavailable for flood risk assessment. In this study we model physical and non-physical building characteristics for object-level replacement valuation in New Zealand flood hazard areas. Public data is used with geospatial and supervised learning models to estimate building characteristics. Replacement values were calculated from object-specific unit values based on useable floor area and physical and non-physical characteristics. Learning model evaluation showed higher prediction precision from a larger explanatory variable range while models learned on characteristics from all urban and rural areas transferred with higher precision. National flood hazard area exposure for 441,384 residential buildings was estimated at NZD $218 billion replacement value. Exposure comprises 282,395 houses valued at NZD $213 billion and 158,989 appurtenant buildings valued at NZD $5 billion. Spatio-temporal analyses demonstrated a high proportion of replacement value exposure occurred in five major urban areas. Building construction in flood hazard areas peaked between 1960 and 1980. Construction slowed in subsequent decades though total floor area and replacement value has continued to increase. The study demonstrates detailed information from object-level modelling is critical for understanding spatio-temporal drivers of exposure in flood risk assessments at national to local scales.

Research on Data Asset Pricing based on Bargaining Model

Data, is difficult to be priced for its timeliness and non-physical characteristics. This paper innovatively brings the Real Option Method of intangible assets into the discussion to better pricing data assets. The conclusion is that, under the condition of perfect information, a seller can only be the price taker. And, trading platforms play an important role in restraining sellers’ high price premium behavior.

The Compatibility of Area Functions Map with Actual Site Conditions in Konawe Selatan District

The Konawe Selatan District region is characterized by Karst hills, various soil types, and steep slopes. Functional classification considers the physical and non-physical characteristics of the location to determine its many uses. The map developed by the Regulation of the Agriculture Minister of Indonesia should be checked with the actual condition for the validation process before presenting to the society and Local government. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the compatibility of the area function map result with the actual conditions in Konawe Selatan District, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. The research is a regional survey, collecting data from interviews and observations, and the data were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively with percentages. The results show that the compatibility of the Konawe Selatan District area function map is 89.61%, functioning as a guideline in the land use plan. Furthermore, the map could guide potential land-use planning functions such as protected forests, limited production forests, rice fields, and settlements. In conclusion, the map is appropriate for disseminating information and material for land use policies in Konawe Selatan District to stakeholders.
 Keywords : actual condition; area function; compatibility; map
 
 Copyright (c) 2022 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License

Identifikasi Penerapan Unsur-Unsur Iconic Jawa pada Bangunan Hotel di Surakarta

<p><em>City branding is an effort to build an identity about a city and providing opportunities for the realization of regional development both in terms of economy and tourism. Branding can be realized through all forms of parts of the city that have distinctive characteristics that are influenced by physical and non-physical characteristics. “Solo the Spirit of Java” means that “Solo is the soul of Java” which reflects the depth of meaning of the cultural, artistic and historical roots of Solo. Since branding was established and legalized, several things have been done by the city government, one of the efforts are regarding physical characteristics is clearly visible in several buildings including cultural heritage buildings. Javanese iconic elements are deliberately preserved as a form of preservation and branding. This research was conducted to identify the application of Javanese iconic elements in hotel buildings in Surakarta. The method used in this study is collecting secondary data and observing to identify the application of Javanese iconic elements in buildings. The results illustrate that the application of Javanese iconic elements in hotel buildings is not optimal. It is because the visual view of building has not been able to attract attention, so it does not have a strong character. This needs more attention to all relevant stakeholders to improve the image or character of the building so that it can become a city branding that can strengthen the identity of Surakarta City through physical characteristics.</em></p>

Karakteristik Permukiman Kota yang Memiliki Potensi Usaha Berbasis Rumah Tangga

Urban settlement is a built environment in an urban area that plays a role in determining the structure and identity of the city. The urban settlement area is currently not only used as a residence equipped with facilities and infrastructure to meet the living needs of the residents who live in it, but also to meet their economic needs. Urban settlements have certain characteristics based on the community and activities in them so that they can become the identity of the area. The existence of the Mutiara, Gold and Silver industrial clusters in Sekabela sub-district, Mataram city has implications for the surrounding settlements, both in economic, environmental and social aspects. The emergence of slum settlements in the residences around the Pearl, Gold and Silver industry causes less optimal representation of the area as a shopping tourism area. This study aims to determine the characteristics of settlements with household-based business potential and development strategies. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with primary and secondary data collection and analysis of Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat. The results showed that the characteristics of the settlement were based on physical characteristics, namely: building layout, housing, facilities and infrastructure as well as the environment and non-physical characteristics, namely: the community and the activities that took place in it. The area development strategy based on settlement characteristics is in quadrant IV, namely the Competitive Strategy. Efforts are being made to improve the visual quality or image of the area, diversify the business and develop markets.

Managing absence and presence of child-parent resemblance: a challenge for heterosexual couples following sperm donation.

This qualitative interview study sought to gather and better understand heterosexual parents' experiences of managing resemblance and non-resemblance between child and parent in an identity-release donor programme. The study is part of the prospective longitudinal Swedish Study on Gamete Donation (SSGD), including all fertility clinics performing gamete donation in Sweden. A sample of participants in the SSGD, consisting of 30 heterosexual parents with children aged 7–8 years following identity-release sperm donation, participated in individual semi-structured interviews. This study concerns a secondary analysis of the interview data. The results show how donor-conceiving parents experience the presence and absence of child–parent resemblance, and how they navigate between the importance of genetic connectedness and of ‘doing parenthood’ through social interactions. The analysis resulted in three categories: ‘resemblance through nature or nurture’, ‘non-resemblance brings the donor to the front’ and ‘feelings about and coping with resemblance talk’. The first two categories deal with the intrapersonal aspects of physical and non-physical resemblance, while the last category includes aspects of resemblance in relation to persons outside the core family. The presence or absence of parent–child resemblance regarding both physical and non-physical characteristics appears to constitute a considerable challenge for heterosexual couples with school-aged children following sperm donation.

POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN OBJEK WISATA SUBAN AIR PANAS KECAMATAN CURUP TIMUR BENGKULU

The purpose of this research is to find out the physical and non-physical characteristics, management, strategies and formulate the direction of the policy of developing tourism objects of Suban Hot Water in Curup Timur Bengkulu District. This type of research by combining two forms of research namely quantitative and qualitative research (mixed methods) to be used together in a research activity is supported by using SWOT analysis and AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) analysis. The results showed that (1) physical characteristics (location, accessibility, attractions, amenities / facilities) had met the criteria for tourist areas in accordance with the Minister of Public Works Regulation No.41/Prt/M/2007 and non-physical characteristics have not given a positive impact on the development of Suban Hot Springs tourism objects. (2) Management is carried out directly by the Tourism Office. (3) The development strategy is carried out by SWOT analysis, there are eleven strategies that can be carried out for the development of Suban Hot Water attractions. (4) Directions for development policies are carried out by AHP analysis, the results of data analysis obtained, there are five priority directions for the development policy of Suban Hot Water tourism attractions, namely; (a) Promoting hot water Suban tourism objects (0.196). (b) Conduct tourism-aware socialization to increase public knowledge about tourism (0.162). (c) Support the activities of the creative economy of the community (0.111). (d) Engaging the community in the management of Suban Hot Water attractions (0.106). (e) Carry out the construction of tourist attractions by not damaging the tourist environment (0.087).

A study on the Development of Semurup Hot Spring Tourism Object at District of Air Hangat in Kerinci Regency

This study aimed to investigate the physical and nonphysical characteristics, management and development strategies of Semurup or Spring tourism and to formulate policy directions of Semurup Hot Spring Tourism object development. The researcher combined to types of studies, qualitative and quantitative study (mixed method research) and used SWOT analysis and AHP analysis to analyze the data. The result of this research showed that (1) its physical characteristics (location, acessibility, attraction, amenity/facility) had met the criteria of tourism mentioned in The Regulation of Ministry of Public Workss number 41/Prt/M/2007 and its nonphysical characteristics (social-culture-economic and Sapta Pesona/sapta charm) did not yet give a positive impact on the development of Semurup Hot Spring tourism object (2) Management system of Semurup hot spring tourism object was directly managed by Government Tourism Office. (3) the development strategies were analyzed by SWOT analysis and there were eleven strategies which can be used to develop Semurup Hot Spring trousim object (4) policy direction of the development of Semurup Hot Spring tourism object by using AHP analysis. The result of AHP analysis revealed that there were five policy direction of Semutup Hot Spring tourism, namely: (a) promoting the tourism object (0.785), (b) the socialization about tourism awareness to improve local community’ knowledge of the tourism object (0.786), (c) involving the local comunity in the tourism management (0.779), (d) improving and increasing the facilties and infrastructure of Semurup hot spring tourism object (0.755), and (e) supporting local community’s creative economy activities (0.718).

Understanding What Makes a Person Unique: A Multipronged Approach

Broadly, there are two different characters within everybody: the person you think you are, meaning the way you view yourself, and the person people think you are or the way they view you. The concept of self-identity applies to the first case, while social identity applies to the second. But I don't think either of the two can be used to describe uniqueness because we use the way we see ourselves for comparison purposes. On the other hand, people also use the way they see us for comparison purposes. Uniqueness is what makes you unique in the grand scheme of things. Uniqueness stems from the impact that the powerful factors of the environment have on you as a human being and from your biology, more specifically from the structure of your genetic makeup, which is unique in the world, as I will explain later. If uniqueness was to take the shape of a simple equation, it would give something like this: Uniqueness = Biology Environment. Your nature is the biological package – physical and non-physical characteristics you’re born with. Within non-physical characteristics, it’s important to distinguish between those that we can’t see with the naked eye – cells, DNA, HLA, etc. – and those traits responsible for certain behaviors – loving, friendly, short-tempered, selfish, altruist, etc. – although it’s possible to pinpoint the genes responsible for them. Every time you look in the mirror, what you see is a product of both your parents. They both contributed to your appearance. Say you look more like one of your parents than the other or exactly like one of them and has no physical traits whatsoever from the other. But how about your temperament? The union of the male and female gametes may lead to the inheritance of prevalent or dominant genes responsible for physical traits from one of the parents, but it may also beget an individual with totally different physical traits resembling neither of the parents. That assures the diversity of our species. Same goes for non-physical characteristics, meaning those that the eyes can’t see.

Settlement Arrangement Based on Landslide Mitigation (Case Study: Capagallung, West Bacukiki District, City of Parepare)

Parepare City are known as a high morphological area. Due to the limited and high values of its land, some residents choose to live in the hillside. As the concequences, people affected by landslides almost every year, as happened in the Cappagalung Subdistrict's settlement areas. This research was conducted to determine physical and non-physical characteristics as well as the building and enviromental arrangement of Cappagalung Subdistrict. As for the analytical techniques used are erosion vulnerability level, qualitative-quantitative and comparative analysis with descriptive approach. This research resulted a formulation of settlements concept by considering the landslides mitigation aspects.

Does age difference really matter? Facial markers of biological quality and age difference between husband and wife

Information conveyed by facial attractiveness markers such as averageness, bilateral symmetry, and secondary sexual characteristics may play an important adaptive role in human sexual selection. Nonetheless, mate choice also relies on other non-physical characteristics such as, for instance, an individual's age. Women prefer and enter in relationships with older partners, whereas in men the inverse relation is observed. Surprisingly, the link between facial morphological markers of biological quality on the one hand and age disparity between partners on the other hand has been as yet subject of very little research. This study aims to fill this gap. We had used facial photographs and demographic data of heterosexual marriages. Facial cues of biological quality, such as averageness, bilateral symmetry, and sexual dimorphism, were digitally measured using geometric morphometric methods and then associated with spouses’ age difference. It turned out that a greater age disparity between spouses correlates, in both partners, with higher scores in facial measures which indicate partners’ biological quality. One exception is female facial masculinity – generally regarded as an unattractive marker of a low biological quality – which, too, is associated with higher spouse age disparity. In general, our results show that facial symmetry, averageness, and secondary sexual characteristics may play a role in age-dependent mate choice. We suggest that in marriages where the wife is considerably younger than the husband, wife's greater facial masculinity may increase her perceived age and with it, her perceived maturity.

Continuity and Change: Forms of Liminality in the Sacred Social Spaces of the Pre-Christian Nordic World

The varied nature of Iron Age religious sites in Scandinavia has been the cause of much scholarly debate, particularly in terms of their continuity and centralization - or lack thereof. Little focus, however, has been placed on the general patterns of spatialization displayed by these sites in the wider pre-Christian landscape. This article therefore seeks to examine the social spaces engendered with sacral value by pre-Christian Scandinavians. Drawing on a range of evidence, including toponymic, textual, and archaeological corpora, a model is proposed whereby, despite the ongoing physical changes in such religious sites during the Iron Age, an underlying continuity may be found in the non-physical characteristics of their spaces. It is concluded that different manifestations of liminality - geographic, temporal, and dimensional - lay at the heart of these late Iron Age sacral spaces.

Settlement Renewal Strategies Based on Physical and Non-Physical Characteristics in Kalisari Fishermen Settlement, Surabaya-Indonesia

Surabaya is developed to function as the nation’s center of development for the main area C, covering areas in the east and north of Indonesia, as the nation’s target for development in escalating the society’s living standards, enhancement in city development in the fields of industry, trading, maritime, garrison, and tourism. With the development goals directed towards the availability of work, homestead, kinship, pleasure and education. Surabaya must prepare means and facilities to support Surabaya as a metropolitan and maritime city, however due to the rural circumstance characteristics, it is time for Surabaya to step in (to integrate between urban and rural) to be the second largest city after Jakarta.The scope the study in this research is identification that is conducted in a fisherman’s settlement in the area of Kalisari Mulyorejo, Surabaya. The identification covers physical and non-physical aspects of location of the area, area’s position, structure and city plan and its surroundings, the environment and buildings’ condition, land use, the availability of infrastructure and means, inhabitants’ characteristics covering demography, social economic and culture condition.The reseach method is conducted by inventory of data, using the observation technique, interview, documentation; moreover visual observation (primary data/ physical aspect, economy, social, culture from respondents dan secondary data are obtained from supporting literatures); by solving area’s space planning technique by managing the city’s and shore potential where the fishermen’s settlement lies in between. The use of theory is related to the fishermen’s settlement, sense of place dan new urbanism, because the area of fishermen’s settlement is located between the city and shore.Result of the research is a strategy concept in efforts to renewal the fishermen’s settlement in Kalisari Surabaya based on physical and non-physical characteristics.

Tourism Development Strategy of Buntula’bi Balusu Sub-Village, North Toraja Regency Based on Tourist Perception

Buntula’bi Balusu Sub-village located in North Toraja Regency. It is uniquely endowed with diverse cultural heritages, both physical (tangible) and non-physical (intangible) cultures, viable to attract domestic and/or international tourists. The objectives of this research were to identify Buntula’bi physical and non-physical characteristics, analyse the tourists’ perceptions towards Buntula’bi’s tourism objects performances, and formulate the appropriate direction of tourism development within the sub-village. The research employed descriptive and evaluative analytical methods through observations on primary data, questionnaires, documentation, and a set of literature reviews. An evaluative approach was used to measure tourists’ level of satisfaction towards the tourism objects performances. Tourism component variables were assessed using Importance Performance Analysis (IPA). Descriptively, the physical characteristics in the study site were in the form of ancestral buildings, which included tongkonan Kollo-Kollo, tongkonan Rantewai, togkonan Lingkasile, alang, banuabugi’, and also traditional buildings of kombongan, rantetendan, ranteissun, liangtondon, lokkotarra, and sawahadat. Meanwhile, the non-physical characteristics were identified as indigenous traditions in the forms of tribal cultures and ceremonies such as Aluk Todolo, Rambu Solo’ andRambuTuka’. The IPA result showed that the top priority for the tourism development strategy in Buntula’bi was to improve public facilities, optimize road conditions, and develop restaurants and accommodation, as well as souvenir shops in Buntula’bi Balusu Sub-Village.Keywords: Importance Performance Analysis, Tourism Development, Toraja

Phased-array Doppler sonar measurements at the equator: Currents or swimming?

A 64-channel 200 kHz phased array Doppler sonar (PADS) was deployed on the Equator at 140 W, sampling a vertical slice of the ocean, from 9 m to 200 m depth by 100 degrees, twice per second. The instrument was operated for two nearly continuous time-series, Oct. 10–20 and Oct.24 to Nov. 3, 2012. While the PADS was operated off the Starboard side of the R/V Revelle, a “Fast-CTD” (FCTD) was simultaneously operated off the port stern, sampling to 250 m every 2.5 min. Headway was maintained at less than 1 m/s relative to the surface flow (which was small, in contrast to the ~1.5 m/s undercurrent at 100 to 130 m depth). Because of this slow headway, motile scatterers were able to develop ship-centric swimming patterns, particularly at night. This, in turn, introduced some subtly non-physical characteristics in the estimated vertical velocities in particular. Animations of the backscatter intensity reveal a variety of scales and speeds of the scatterers. Visual nighttime inspection revealed a preponderance of small squid (< 30 cm) with the occasional large predator passing rapidly through (not identified). In spite of this biological interference, reasonable profiles of horizontal velocity were produced via a simple de-spiking selector.

Spiritual manifestation of light in architectural scenes of films: A case study of Bergman's winter light

Natural light is the one which originates from the sun and the stars. Philosophers and intellectuals believe that spiritual and mystical light, apart from having a materialistic aspect due to its nonphysical characteristics, is considered a kind of bond between God and man in a spiritual dimension. With descriptive-analytical and comparative methodology, the present paper reviews the implication of natural light in the architectural spaces of film such as Bergman’s winter light. Winter light, influenced by western religious and human thought, is a story of a priest who after the death of his beloved wife becomes skeptical in his spiritual belief, but he is bound to invite others toward true faith due to his occupational compulsion. However, since his own faith is weak, his speech lacks the real effects. The focus of the study’s discussion here is the use of natural light as virgin and spiritual in implicating the architectural surrounding of the above-mentioned film and that in these spaces, man is shown with invisible symbols and diverse phenomena including spiritual light. Key words: Natural light, spiritual implication, architecture, cinema, winter light.