Flow Of non-Newtonian Liquids Research Articles

Dynamics of the ohmic heating and chemically reactive time-dependent flow of magnetized Casson fluid inside a rectangular pipe

Chemical reaction and ohmic heating can significantly influence the flow behavior and heat transfer characteristics in industrial processes involving non-Newtonian fluids. These processes include polymer processing, food processing, and manufacturing processes where non-Newtonian fluids are commonly encountered. Therefore, the impacts of chemical reaction and ohmic heating on the unsteady flow of an incompressible magnetized non-Newtonian Casson liquid through a rectangular pipe with a variable pressure gradient is scrutinized in this article. The impacts of heat generation/absorption and viscous dissipation are also incorporated through the energy equation. The numerical simulations of partial differential equations (PDEs) are acquired utilizing the finite difference method with the incorporating relaxation (SOR) algorithm. The impacts of dissimilar imperative parameters on various flow fields are scrutinized through graphs. Outcomes indicate that liquid velocity decreases with enhancing values of the Casson parameter. Furthermore, the liquid temperature has an enhancing behavior with the impact of the heat source/sink parameter. Comparisons of numerical results with previously published results show an excellent agreement. This kind of research may find specific industrial and medical utilizations such as glass manufacturing, crude oil purification, lubrication, paper production, blood transport study in cardiovascular design, etc.

Bi-directional Forced Convective Stagnation Points Flow of Oldroyd-B Liquid with Joule Heating Effects: A Finite Difference Simulations

The impact of Joule heating for the three-dimensional stagnation point flow of non-Newtonian liquid (namely Oldroyd-B) nanomaterial has been inspected. The influence of mixed convection and the magnetic force is also considered. The flow is induced by the bidirectional stretched surface which moves linearly. The partial differential equations for the developed model are altered into dimensionless statements first. The numerical simulations with the implementation of a finite difference scheme are used for the numerical description. The physical description of parameters is presented against the flow parameters. The results reveal that there is a reverse change in velocity observed for both the relaxation time constant and the retardation constant. Furthermore, the heat transfer rate decreases as the ratio parameter increases. The thickness of the boundary layer increases due to the retardation time and can also be regulated by the application of a magnetic field. An increase in the magnetic parameter leads to an enhancement in temperature and an increase in thermal boundary layer thickness.

Investigation of nanomaterials in flow of non-Newtonian liquid toward a stretchable surface

Abstract This article features the buoyancy-driven electro-magnetohydrodynamic micropolar nanomaterial flow subjected to motile microorganisms. The flow is engendered via an elongating surface, and the energy relation includes heat source generation, magnetohydrodynamics, and radiation. A Buongiorno nanomaterial model (which includes thermophoretic and Brownian diffusions) together with chemical reaction and bioconvection aspects is pondered. The nonlinear governing expressions are transfigured into a dimensionless system, and the dimensionless expressions are computed using the numerical differential-solve scheme. Graphical analyses are conducted to examine the liquid flow, microrotation velocity, microorganism concentration, and temperature in relation to secondary variables. It is observed that a higher Hartman number has an opposite influence on temperature and velocity profiles. A rise in material variables engenders a decline in microrotation velocity. The temperature is enhanced through radiation. The concentration shows conflicting trends for both thermophoretic and random factors. The presence of motile microorganisms reduces the bioconvection Lewis and Peclet numbers.

Second Law Investigation in a Non-Newtonian Liquid Flow in a Porous Channel with Circular Obstacle

The problem of non-Newtonian fluid flow has taken considerable interest and has been the subject of several work in latest years due to its various requests in different fields of engineering, in particular the interest in the problems of heat transfer in non-Newtonian liquids, such as lubrication, hot rolling, cooling problem and drag reduction. Here, mixed convection heat transport and its related entropy production in a porous channel with circular obstacle saturated via non-Newtonian power law liquid has been scrutinized. The influences on entropy production of the power law index, the Reynolds number, the Rayleigh number and the Darcy number are investigated. Being a novelty of this work, an optimization study of the thermodynamic irreversibility as a function of the channel inclination angle and the power law index is undertaken. The governing equations of the problem are solved employing the COMSOL software. Outcomes illustrate that the governing parameters strongly affect the entropy production. The thermal entropy generation is maximal at low value of power law index and high value of Reynolds number. The effect of Reynolds number become insignificant at relatively high power law index. At fixed Reynolds number value, a rise in the power index (n) leads to a reduce in the thermal entropy. This decrease is tiny, at low value of Reynolds number (Re) and turn into increasingly considerable as Re rises. The streamlines show the existence of two recirculation zones just after the circular obstacle, whose existence depends on both Re and power law index. Results show that the greatest variation relating to the inclination angle is for power law index equal to 0.4. Results indicate also that, at low Darcy number and relatively high power law index, the intrinsic effect of the modified Darcy number on Darcy viscous irreversibility become pronounced giving a sharp increase in the total entropy production.

Transient conditions effects on electromagnetic Casson fluid flow via stretching surface: System thermal case elaboration

In magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) flowing and mass transfer, 2-D unsteady non-Newtonian liquid flow across the stretched surface with a surface temperature had been examined numerically. Casson fluid model was utilized for the full description of the non-Newtonian fluid. Similarity transformation had been considered for transforming the dimensionless heat and fluid flow basic partial differential equations into simple ordinary equations. After that, the bvp4c MATLAB solver utilizes numerical methods to resolve the altered equations. We study and discuss in depth the flowing and heating attributes under various parameters, including the magnetic, Casson, and unsteadiness parameters, Schmidt number, and Prandtl number. It has been proven numerically that the velocity of the fluid first reduces when temperature and unsteadiness parameters increase, which significantly negatively impacts concentration. The velocity field is suppressed when the Casson parameter’s values are increased. But when with the increment of the Casson variable, then, the concentration and temperature go up. The velocity field is suppressed as the magnetic parameter’s values increase. But with the rise in the magnetic parameter, there will be an improvement in both the temperature and concentration.

Arrhenius kinetics driven nonlinear mixed convection flow of Casson liquid over a stretching surface in a Darcian porous medium

The non-linear mixed convective heat and mass transfer features of a non-Newtonian Casson liquid flow over a stretching surface are investigated numerically. The stretching surface is embedded in a Darcian porous medium with heat generation/absorption impacts. The fluid flow is assumed to be driven by both buoyancy and Arrhenius kinetics. The governing equations are modelled with the help of Boussinesq and Rosseland approximations. The similarity solutions of the non-dimensional equations are obtained using two numerical approaches, namely fourth fifth Runge - Kutta Fehlberg method and the shooting approach. The velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are discussed for important physical parameters through various graphical illustrations. The skin friction, the non-dimensional wall temperature, and the concentration expressions were derived and analysed. The results indicate that the increasing values of linear and nonlinear convection due to temperature, nonlinear convection due to concentration, and heat of reaction increase the dimensionless wall temperature. The dimensionless wall concentration rises with the increasing values of heat of reaction, linear and nonlinear convection due to temperature, and nonlinear convection due to concentration parameters.

Local non-similar solution of radiative and magnetized flow of non-Newtonian liquid over a gravitationally affected porous surface with Newtonian heating effect

A non-similar solution of the generalized Newtonian liquid flow over a vertical non-rigid surface is presented to explore the significance of nonlinear radiation, Newtonian heating, magnetic and gravitational fields. The non-similar dynamical nature with rapid change in size and position is studied by incorporating the ordinate and stream-wise coordinates. The newly formulated mathematical results are presented in the form of partial differential equations (PDEs) which are converted to ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by utilizing the non-similar variables. The governing ODEs are then approximated by one of the collocation methods to explore the characteristic of different physical parameters while using MATLAB. The significant increasing behavior of the velocity profile is determined by the variation in Wessenberg number, bouncy ratio parameter, and suction parameters. On the other hand, the temperature profile is enhanced by uplifting the radiation, Newtonian heating, and heat generation parameters, respectively. The rate of heat transfer and resistive forces are escalating functions of stream-wise coordinate. All the new analysis and applied method are verified by giving a comparison with previous work.

A Three-Dimensional Non-Newtonian Magnetic Fluid Flow Induced Due to Stretching of the Flat Surface With Chemical Reaction

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) flow of non-Newtonian liquid is studied in this analysis. Also, this paper is mainly focused on an incompressible magnetic liquid with low Curie temperature and moderate saturation magnetization. An extremely long, straight wire delivering an electric current generates a magnetic field that affects the fluid. Thermal radiation and chemical reaction impacts are considered to study heat and mass transport characteristics. Appropriate transformations are used to reduce pertinent flow expressions into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The obtained ODEs are solved by means of a numerical method (Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg's fourth–fifth order method (RKF-45) algorithm with shooting technique). The effect of pertinent parameters like chemical reaction rate parameter (between 0.1 and 1.5), ferromagnetic interaction parameter (between 0.01 and 1.0), viscous dissipation parameter (between 0.1 and 1.0), radiation parameter (between 0.1 and 1.0), Deborah number (between 0.1 and 1.0) and Schmidt number (between 1.0 and 2.0) on Maxwell liquid flow, heat and mass transport is illustrated via graphs. Furthermore, from the analysis, the heat transfer rate increases about 30%–40% for the increasing values of the ferromagnetic interaction parameter. Also, the mass transfer rate increases about 4%–6% for the increasing values of the chemical reaction rate parameter.

Transportation of heat and mass in chemically reacted flow of third-grade model in the presence of heat generation/absorption and activation energy effects

Numerous industrial and technical dynamic applications of non-Newtonian liquid flow research in thermal and process engineering are increasing every day, owing to their multifunctional relevance. The viscometric flow, heat and mass transfer of an incompressible third-grade liquid model across an exponentially inclined plate according to all of these potential implications are studied in this paper. The inclusion of elements such as mixed convection, heat sink/source, activation energy, thermal heat flux and chemical reaction improves the flow model’s novelty. Using the appropriate similarity transformations, the existing governing expressions are transmuted into nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The resulting nonlinear ODEs are numerically solved via the Runge–Kutta (RK) technique in conjunction with a shooting strategy. The dimensionless parameters are graphically illustrated and discussed for the involved profiles. The viscosity of the liquid drops for increased fluid variable, which enhances the velocity field. The velocity profile is declined continuously throughout the boundary layer with increasing buoyancy ratio parameter. The thermal profile inclines for growing values of the radiation and heat source/sink parameters.

Comparative analysis on magnetohydrodynamic flow of non-Newtonian hybrid nanofluid over a stretching cylinder: Entropy generation

This research examines the MHD boundary layer phenomenon of Casson and Williamson hybrid nanofluids on a stretching cylindrical surface. In this model we have taken Ethylene Glycol ( EG 50%) and Water ([Formula: see text] 50%) as the base fluid and [Formula: see text] as the nanoparticles. There are various theoretical models available presently for illustrating the thermal transfer impact of non-Newtonian liquid flows over a cylinder. Additionally, External magnetic forces are ideal for addressing the fluid's physical properties and controlling the sort of heat and momentum transfer in the system. Taking this into perspective, we investigate the heat transport behaviour of two distinct non-Newtonian MHD fluids when a cylinder is stretched with heat generation, using a new heat flux theory developed by Christov–Cattaneo to explain the heat transport behaviour. The basic PDEs are turned into ODEs by using the correct similarity transformations. The 4th order Runge–Kutta shooting system is used to solve these ODEs. Homotopy perturbation method (HPM) for the nonlinear system is developed for the comparison purpose and more accurate and reliable outcomes is illustrated through graphs and tables. It is observed that the fluid velocity reduces for the higher values of M. Higher values of the heat generation parameter improve the temperature profile. Nusselt number diminishes when developing Brinkman and Eckert number. Thermal relaxation effectively augments the Bejan factor in the flow of Williamson fluid more than it does in the flow of Casson fluid. This type of theoretical study may be used to improve the performance of solar collectors, solar water heating, solar energy, domestic baseboard heaters, industrial heat exchangers and so on.

Simulation of Balancing Multi-Cavity Molds

Abstract A finite element program is developed for simulating the non-isothermal flow of non-Newtonian liquids in a multi-cavity mold with convergent runners and gates of any arbitrary cross-sectional shape. The program is used to investigate the problem of balancing multi-cavity molds. Results of simulating an actual mold filling show that balancing can be achieved by using a straight runner together with convergent gates having successively increasing angles of convergence. In addition, a strategy for approximating those angles of convergence is suggested.

Electro-osmosis modulated peristaltic flow of non-Newtonian liquid via a microchannel and variable liquid properties

Electro-osmosis modulated peristaltic flow of non-Newtonian liquid via a microchannel and variable liquid properties

Effect of exponential heat source on parabolic flow of three different non-Newtonian fluids

This study examined the flow and thermal transfer feature of MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) Casson, Carreau, and Williamson fluid movements over a parabolic extending region with exponential heat generation effect. The mathematical model is transformed into Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) by utilizing appropriate similarity variables and resolved using bvp5c Matlab package. The influence of applicable limits on transfer facts is illustrated via plots and tabular values. The current study outcomes reveal the comparisons of flow, thermal profiles, wall friction, and local Nusselt number of these (Casson, Carreau, and Williamson) different non-Newtonian liquids. Casson fluid shows more excellent thermal conductivity when compared to Carreau and Williamson fluids and observed that the drive and thermal gradient of three non-Newtonian fluids are not uniform. Also, the magnetic force tends to condense the stream and thermal transport rate of these three fluids. The rate of thermal transport is amplified by growing the magnitude of Prandtl and exponential parameters.

The role of Brinkmann ratio on non-Newtonian fluid flow due to a porous shrinking/stretching sheet with heat transfer

A Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) non-Newtonian liquid flow caused by porous stretching/shrinking sheet with mass transpiration and MHD in a Darcy–Brinkmann model is investigated. This type of flow problem is significant in industrial processes involving polymer extrusion, metal spinning, metal thinning, polymer fiber, glass blowing, manufacturing of petrochemical products, and the allied areas of hydro-physics. Ultimately, the flow problem is modeled into a system of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDE) later converted into an ordinary differential equation (ODE) taking advantage of similarity transformations. The heat transfer requires investigating two types of conditions, namely the sheet with a specified surface temperature(PST) and another with wall heat flux (PHF). This eventually culminates into a nonlinear ODE which is solved analytically. We eventually map the linear ODE with a variable coefficient into a confluent hypergeometric differential equation using a new variable accompanied by a Rosseland approximation for radiation. The analysis is carried out by using the viscosity ratio or the Brinkmann model. Further, effects on the velocity and temperature distribution by the Brinkmann number or viscosity ratio as well as the other physical parameters involved in the model are discussed graphically. Such flow problems are encountered in industrial processes such as composite fabrication, metal spinning, hot air coils, glass blowing.

Numerical simulation of heat transport in Maxwell nanofluid flow over a stretching sheet considering magnetic dipole effect

Sequel to the fact that nanofluids exhibit greater thermal resistance and noting the applications of non-Newtonian (Maxwell) liquid flow on a stretching sheet with suspended nanoparticles TC4 (Ti-6Al-4 V), the current mathematical model is designed by considering the influence of magnetic dipole. The heat transfer in a two-dimensional flow of Maxwell nanoliquid over a stretching sheet is carried out by means of Cattaneo–Christov model. The base liquid (Engine oil) with suspended TC4 (Ti-6Al-4 V) nanoparticles are considered in the study. By using suitable similarity transformations, the flow and energy equations of the flow model are converted into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Further, the resulting transformed equations are then numerically solved by using shooting technique with Runge–Kutta Fehlberg fourth–fifth order method (RKF-45). The significant findings of the current model are that the Newtonian liquid shows better thermal performance for rise in values of volume fraction and ferromagnetic interaction parameter as compared to Maxwell fluid. The upsurge in values of volume fraction and thermal relaxation parameter improves the rate of heat transfer and skin friction coefficient.

Numerical simulation of local thermal non-equilibrium effects on the flow and heat transfer of non-Newtonian Casson fluid in a porous media

The energy/heat and diffusion/mass flux occurred due to chemical potential and temperature gradient, respectively have worth in the areas of electrical power generation, solar power technology, chemical engineering, petrology, nuclear waste disposal, hydrology, high temperature processes and geoscience. In connection to this, Soret and Dufour effects on steady, incompressible, laminar flow of non-Newtonian Casson liquid over a stretching sheet in a porous medium under local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) conditions have been theoretically investigated in the presence of Stefan blowing and magnetic effects. The energy equations are formulated by using the LTNE, which establishes the separate temperature profiles for both fluid and solid phases. The governing equations for the flow arguments are reduced by selecting suitable similarity transformations, which are then numerically solved using the traditional Runge-Kutta- 4 (RK-4) with shooting method. The flow features in reply to the impact of the emerging parameters are inspected in detail graphically. The significant outcomes of the current study are that, the rise in values of magnetic and porosity parameters decays the velocity but improves the heat transfer. An upsurge in Dufour number decreases the heat transfer rate of both solid and liquid phases. The upsurge in Soret number diminutions the mass transfer rate.

Dynamics of Marangoni convection in radiative flow of power-law fluid with entropy optimization

The flow of non-Newtonian liquids and their heat transfer characteristic gained more importance due to their technological, industrial and in many engineering applications. Inspired by these applications, the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of non-Newtonian liquid characterized by a power-law model is scrutinized. Further, viscous dissipation, Marangoni convection and thermal radiation are taken into the account. In addition, the production of entropy is investigated as a function of temperature, velocity and concentration. For different flow parameters, the total entropy production (EP) rate is examined. The appropriate similarity transformations are used to reduce the modeled equations reduced into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg 45-order procedure is then used to solve these reduced equations numerically using the shooting technique. Results reveal that the escalating values of radiation parameter escalate the heat transference, but the contrary trend is portrayed for escalating values of power-law index. The augmented values of thermal Marangoni number decline the heat transference. The gain in values of radiation parameter progresses the entropy generation.

Heat and Mass Transfer Analysis in Chemically Reacting Flow of Non-Newtonian Liquid with Local Thermal Non-Equilibrium Conditions: A Comparative Study

In the current paper, we endeavour to execute a numerical analysis in connection with the boundary layer flow induced in a non-Newtonian liquid by a stretching sheet with heat and mass transfer. The effects of chemical reactions and local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) conditions are considered in the modelling. The LTNE model is based on energy equations, and provides unique heat transfer for both liquid phases. As a result, different temperature profiles for both the fluid and solid phases are used in this work. The model equation system is reduced by means of appropriate similarity transformations, which are then numerically solved by employing the classical Runge–Kutta (RK) scheme along with the shooting method. The resultant findings are graphed to show the effects of various physical factors on the involved distributions. Outcomes reveal that Jeffrey fluid shows improved velocity for lower values of porosity when compared to Oldroyd-B fluid. However, for higher values of porosity, the velocity of the Jeffery fluid declines faster than that of the Oldroyd-B fluid. Jeffery liquid shows improved fluid phase mass transfer, and decays more slowly than Oldroyd-B liquid for higher values of chemical reaction rate parameter.

Peristaltic flow of non-Newtonian fluid through an inclined complaint nonlinear tube: application to chyme transport in the gastrointestinal tract

Acknowledging the novel significances of a peristaltic phenomenon in various biological and physiological systems, researchers in the current decade perform admirable investigations. Studies on this topic still need attention due to the prestigious applications of the peristaltic event in the gastrointestinal tract, artificial lung, heart equipment, and blood circulation in the body. This endeavor explores the novel impact of slip on the peristaltic flow of non-Newtonian Jeffrey liquid through an inclined tube. The effect of varying fluid properties (variable viscosity and variable thermal conductivity) and wall properties is considered. The governing equations are turned dimensionless by appropriate similarity transformations. The series solution is obtained for velocity, temperature, and concentration equation. The graphical representation of pertinent parameters on the physiological flow quantities is depicted by applying MATLAB 2019b program. The obtained results reveal that the up-hosted values of the viscosity parameter enhance distributions of velocity and temperature. Further, the impact of variable viscosity slightly enhances the magnitude of the trapped bolus. Moreover, the present investigation finds its applications to examine the bright insight appliances of chyme through the gastrointestinal tract.

Dissipative Power-law fluid flow using spectral quasi linearization method over an exponentially stretchable surface with Hall current and power-law slip velocity

The present article aims to reports laminar, incompressible, electrically conducting two-dimensional non-Newtonian (power-law) liquid flow via exponentially stretching sheet with power-law slip velocity conditions. Transverse magnetic field, Hall current, viscous dissipation and radiative flux effects are incorporated in the formulation. Rosseland's diffusion model is defined for the radiation heat transfer. The non-linear partial derivation formulations satisfying the flow are transformed to the non-linear derivative equations by employing the local similarity quantities and then solved analytically through spectral quasi-linearization method (SQLM). The resultant solution is computed for different parameters in tables and graphical representation for clear understanding of the thermo-physical terms. Extensive visualization of primary and secondary velocities, temperature distributions for various emerging parameters presented for n = 0.7 (pseudo-plastic fluid) and n = 1,3 (dilatant fluid). The results are verified for limiting cases by comparing with various investigations and found excellent accuracy for Newtonian case. It is interesting to note that secondary flow rate is more dominant for both the cases of pseudo plastic and dilatant fluids for Hall parameter and Eckert number. Increasing Hall current leads suppress the fluid temperature but as Eckert number grows it leads grow the fluid temperature. Further, it is observed that as Hall parameter increases local Nusselt number strongly elevates.