Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Research Articles

High Gradient Magnetic Fields Generated in Events on the 230 kV Electric Power Transmission Infrastructure: Human Exposure Analysis and Risk

This work presents a process for analyzing human exposure to high-gradient magnetic fields based on protection models for patients undergoing magnetic resonance examinations developed by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). A series of events presented in the electrical energy transmission infrastructure is taken, with typical currents and front times, a case of extreme failure is added, and results are presented. Subsequently, with a classic lightning signal, compliance with the exposure to this type of field in the right-of-way strip of a transmission line is verified and validated in the event of a hypothetical atmospheric discharge impact event. Finally, a simulation is implemented with space discretization techniques, establishing the signal resulting from the magnetic field generated as a function of time. The exposure is evaluated using the presented model. Only in one of the analysis cases was it found that the perception threshold is exceeded at distances less than 0.6 cm, virtually a situation in which the worker has contact with the down conductor. With the results obtained and the cases analyzed, it is concluded that failures of this type do not generate significant exposure to high-gradient magnetic fields and do not exceed the determined perception thresholds.

Evaluation of electric field (E) exposure levels and its relationship with the sleep quality of residents around the BTS antennas in Sabzevar, Iran.

Mobile devices and base transceiver station (BTS) are the main sources of human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMFs). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the levels of exposure to RF-EMF in three different time intervals and three different distances from BTS antennas in Sabzevar. Additional goals were to investigate the electric field (E) difference between different microenvironments, between the suburbs and downtown, and evaluating the sleep quality of residents around BTS antennas at different distances. The results showed significant differences between the values of E Avg and E max Avg at different times (T1, T2, and T3), different distances (50, 100, and 300m) from BTS antennas, and between BTS antennas located in the suburbs and downtown. No significant differences were observed between the values of E Avg and E max Avg in terms of microenvironments. Poor sleep quality (>5) was recorded in the residents around the BTS antennas at different distances, and a significant difference was observed between the sleep quality of the residents at a distance of ˂100m compared to the residents at a distance of ˃300m. The recorded levels of E in all places and times were below the human safety limits set by the Iranian National Standardization Organization, the Information and Communication Technologies Authority and the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection, indicating the absence of potential risk due to exposure to E in the study area.

Safety evaluation of electromagnetic exposure for compact wireless charging stations of electric vehicles

ABSTRACT The spatial electromagnetic field of electric vehicle (EV) wireless charging stations may experience a superposition effect, which will increase the electromagnetic radiation. To assess the safety of electromagnetic exposure from wireless charging stations, this study employs a finite element simulation software to construct an electromagnetic environment model for a compact wireless charging station. The model is utilized to compute the superposition effect of spatial electromagnetic fields resulting from the simultaneous charging of multiple wireless chargers. Furthermore, the model assesses the levels of electromagnetic exposure on human models at eight observation points situated within the charging station. Results indicate that the volume average values of spatial magnetic induction strength ( B ) and electric field strength ( E ) are higher when multiple EVs are charged simultaneously than when a single EV is charged, and the electromagnetic radiation received by a human standing between two vehicles is greater than that near one vehicle. At the 22 kW charging power level, the maximum values of B , E and current density at the eight observation points of the charging station are all below the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection limit, demonstrating that the human body is safe in compact wireless charging stations at this power level.

Computational analysis of electromagnetic field exposure in passengers near high- current contact wire environments.

The electromagnetic environment of a railway station is composed of electrical, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields, which are generated by various sources such as traction current, voltage, pantograph-catenary arc, locomotive braking, wheel-rail rolling arc, and communication systems. However, there is public growing concern among the public about the potential negative human health effects of this electromagnetic environment. To analyze the distribution of electromagnetic fields in human tissues, electromagnetic simulation software is used to create a model that includes six track contact wires and four waiting passengers on three platforms. This model is used to analyze the magnetic field environment created by high currents in the contact wires of a multi-track high-speed railway station. By varying the loads on different contact wires, the distribution of electric field and magnetic flux density within human tissues of waiting passengers on different platforms is studied using this model. When the track is unoccupied, the calculation results show that the maximum values of the electric field and magnetic flux density of the passenger's human body tissue at the blind way on the platform and 1m of the blind way are 17.6mVm-1 and 52.7 μT, respectively. These values increase by 9.28mVm-1 and 16.4 μT compared to when the track is occupied. When more contact wires are loaded with currents, the electric field mode and magnetic flux density mode of human tissues increase at the same position on the platform. Specifically, when the contact wires of six tracks are loaded with current at the same time, the maximum values of the electric field mode and magnetic flux density mode of the waiting passengers' human tissues at the blind way on different platforms are 29.6mVm-1 and 88.1 μT, respectively. These maximum values are lower than the public electromagnetic exposure limits that are designated by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection guidelines. The research results demonstrate that the magnetic field environment generated by the current in the contact wires of a railway station with six tracks does not pose a health risk to human tissues of passengers waiting at the blind way and 1m of the blind way on the platform. These findings can provide valuable data reference for the formulation of relevant standards for the design of electrified rail transit, as well as the suppression of electromagnetic interference and protection of human bioelectromagnetism.

Several Aspects of Human Exposure to Low Frequency Fields; Incident and Internal Field Dosimetry Procedures and Related Legal issues

The paper deals with simple and efficient dosimetry procedures for human exposure to low frequency (LF) electric and magnetic fields at single and multiple frequencies, respectively. The electromagnetic interference (EMI) sources of interest are overhead power lines and transmission substations. Electric and magnetic fields due to EMI sources are either calculated or measured. Theoretical dosimetry is based on scalar potential integral equation (SPIE) for the case of the electric field assessment while the magnetic fields are computed by means of the Biot-Savart law. The internal fields in the human body are determined by using the canonical body models (disk model and cylindrical model). The obtained results are compared to exposure limits proposed by national and international legislation, respectively (National Gazette No 146/2014, 31/2019, 59/2016) and ICNIRP International Commission on Nonionizing Radiation protection). Finally, legal issues pertaining to human exposure to LF fields are addressed.

Preliminary Studies of Radiofrequency Radiation Emitted from Mobile Phone and its Health Implications

The research work aimed to study the Radiofrequency radiation emitted from mobile phone and its health implications. The experiment was carried out in the dark room (research room) of Physics Department Modibbo Adama University (MAU), Yola where the light meter sensor was used to obtain the intensities of the radiation coming from the surface of the mobile phone at normal and while ringing, at morning, afternoon and at night. The results obtained shows that 2G SIM card of MTN gave the highest intensity for both normal condition and while ringing at 0 cm, 0.7031 Wm-2 and for 3G is 0.6715 Wm-2 at 0 cm and 4G is 0.6004 Wm-2 at 0 cm, when mobile phone was ringing, the intensities for 2G, 3G and 4G at 0 cm are 0.81765 Wm-2, 0.7505 Wm-2 and 0.7268 Wm-2 respectively, for morning reading. The highest value for the half distance is 79.67 cm and the lowest value obtained showed 0.0168 cm. The lowest absorption coefficient is 0.0163 Wm-2 cm-1 and the highest value is 0.0283 Wm-2 cm-1. The highest value of peak intensity is 0.5469 Wm-2 and the lowest is 0.5180 Wm-2. Whereas the results of afternoon and night followed the same pattern. The result obtained in this work is higher than the result obtained in Ojuh and Isobana (2015). The result is also higher than that of the recommended value by the International Commission on Non-ionizing radiation protection (ICNIRP). The effects that this may cause includes blood brain barrier, eye pain and weakness, and brain tumor

Whole-body SAR measurements of millimeter-wave base station in reverberation chambers

Abstract This paper presents a method for measuring whole-body specific absorption rate (WBSAR) of millimeter-wave base stations (BSs) in a reverberation chamber (RC). The absorbed power in the phantom from the equipment under test (EUT) and hence WBSAR is determined as the difference between the total radiated power with and without the phantom. A chamber transfer function is determined and used to include only the absorption in the phantom due to direct illumination from the EUT, i.e., excluding absorption due to the RC multipath reflections. The measurement method was evaluated at 28 GHz using a horn antenna and a commercial massive multi-input–multi-output BS. The experimental results are in good agreement with simulations. The proposed method allows for measurements of WBSAR within 3 minutes, which is much shorter than traditional approaches. The method is suitable for compliance assessments of BS products with the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection 2020 electromagnetic field exposure guidelines, which extend the applicability of WBSAR as basic restrictions up to 300 GHz.

ICNIRP Statement on Short Wavelength Light Exposure from Indoor Artificial Sources and Human Health.

Concerns have been raised about the possibility of effects from exposure to short wavelength light (SWL), defined here as 380-550 nm, on human health. The spectral sensitivity of the human circadian timing system peaks at around 480 nm, much shorter than the peak sensitivity of daytime vision (i.e., 555 nm). Some experimental studies have demonstrated effects on the circadian timing system and on sleep from SWL exposure, especially when SWL exposure occurs in the evening or at night. The International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) has identified a lack of consensus among public health officials regarding whether SWL from artificial sources disrupts circadian rhythm, and if so, whether SWL-disrupted circadian rhythm is associated with adverse health outcomes. Systematic reviews of studies designed to examine the effects of SWL on sleep and human health have shown conflicting results. There are many variables that can affect the outcome of these experimental studies. One of the main problems in earlier studies was the use of photometric quantities as a surrogate for SWL exposure. Additionally, the measurement of ambient light may not be an accurate measure of the amount of light impinging on the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells, which are now known to play a major role in the human circadian timing system. Furthermore, epidemiological studies of long-term effects of chronic SWL exposure per se on human health are lacking. ICNIRP recommends that an analysis of data gaps be performed to delineate the types of studies needed, the parameters that should be addressed, and the methodology that should be applied in future studies so that a decision about the need for exposure guidelines can be made. In the meantime, ICNIRP supports some recommendations for how the quality of future studies might be improved.

Fractional Distribution of Solar UV-B Absorbance on Outdoor Workers within Nsukka Metropolis, South Eastern Nigeria

Ultraviolet radiation is one of the physical concerns of the environment. Several nations have thus moved research attention to this area. This research work aimed at measuring the solar UV-B absorbance on outdoor workers in Nsukka metropolis, South Eastern Nigeria. An LS125 multi probe UV Light Meter with UV- B sensor was used to measure the UV-B irradiance across five study locations representing the various occupations, viz: Barracks (mechanics), Opi (Farmers), Ogige (Traders), Zik’s flat (motor park workers) and Onuiyi (Bricklayers). A UV-Vis spectrophotometer was used to determine the change in the optical absorbance of polymer polysulphone dosimeters. Result shows that UV-B Irradiance was highest at solar noon across the study locations. The dosimeter placed on the head received the highest dose of UV- B radiation at the study locations. The values of the cumulative UV-B exposure of the dosimeters placed on the body parts at the study sites were higher than the occupational exposure limit of 30J/m2 for a 6.5-hour exposure time for both the eye and skin recommended by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). The AIC and BIC values shows that the logarithm regression model outperformed the other models tested. This work therefor sets a reliable baseline data for solar UV-B radiation monitoring in Nsukka, South Eastern Nigeria and also recommend that protective clothing be worn carrying out daily activities during peak solar UV-B radiation hours,

Ultra-thin flexible rectenna integrated with power management unit for wireless power harvester/charging of smartwatch/wristband

This paper proposes a circularly polarized ultra-thin flexible antenna with a flexible rectifier and power management unit (PMU) for smartwatch/wristband applications. The flexible antenna is compact (0.17λ0 × 0.20λ0 × 0.0004λ0) and has a stepped ground plane. A parasitic element is used at the substrate bottom to reduce the specific absorption rate (SAR) and enhance the gain up to 3.2 dBi, at the resonating frequency of WLAN/Wi-Fi (2.45 GHz). The SAR of the proposed design is also analysed at the resonating frequency, and it satisfies the guidelines of the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and IEEE C95.1–2019 human safety standards. An impedance matching circuit is used between the antenna and the RF energy harvester to improve conversion efficiency. Polarization mismatch is avoided with the help of circular polarization, achieved by tuning stubs of size 0.02λ0 × 0.044λ0. The integration of the antenna and rectenna results in a good conversion efficiency of 78.2% at − 5 dBm of input power with a load resistance of 2 KΩ. The availability of RF signals allows the user to charge the smartwatch/wristband by connecting the PMU circuit with the RF energy harvester.

Assessment of Radio-Frequency Radiation Exposure from Selected Mobile Base Stations in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

The antennas from mobile base stations radiate non-ionizing radio frequency radiation into space. The human body can experience negative health effects from prolonged exposure to radiofrequency (RF) radiation. Because base station installations and telecommunication networks are growing, there is a growing need to address the health risks connected with exposure to telecommunication masts. Using the Electrosmog Meter Cornet Model, power density from many telecom masts owned by various network operators was measured in this investigation. At 10-meter intervals, the RF radiation in seven (7) settlements in Yenagoa town, located in the Yenagoa Local Government Area of Bayelsa State, was measured within radial distances of 100 meters. With a mean value of 4.0569mWm-2, the measured values vary from 0.650mWm-2 to 9.810mWm-2. Still, values evolved. Nevertheless, additional factors, such as adjacent electromagnetic sources' wave interference or reference base station interference, caused readings to fluctuate. It was discovered that the greatest power density level was 9.810 mWm-2, and it was measured 20 meters away from the base station at site MBS1. As per the International Commission on Non-ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and other regulatory authorities, the standard limit of 4.5Wm-2 for the 900 MHz system is not exceeded by the radiation exposure level, as the findings show. This shows that the exposure levels in these areas are low enough to not seriously jeopardize the health of those living in the research area.

Electromagnetic exposure analysis of the subway passenger under the civil communication system radiation.

In order to assess the electromagnetic exposure safety of passengers under the civil communication system of the subway, the radio-frequency (RF) electromagnetic environment of subway carriage is established by using COMSOL Multiphysics software, it includes a 1-1/4 " leaky coaxial cable (LCX1) and a 1-5/8" leaky coaxial cable (LCX2), which are designed to be the exposure sources, and twelve passengers at different position. The electromagnetic environment model has been verified through field measurement. The exposure dose distribution of twelve passengers is compared and analyzed, when LCX1 and LCX2 works respectively. The simulated results show that, to compare with LCX2, the electromagnetic dose absorbed by the passengers is reduced by 9.19% and 22.50% at 2100 MHz and 2600 MHz respectively. The specific absorption rate (SAR) of passengers obtains the maximum value of 1.91×10-4 W/Kg and the temperature rise to 0.214 K when the LCX1 works at 3400 MHz. By comparing with the public exposure limitation of the International Commission of Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), it demonstrates the electromagnetic exposure safety of the passengers under the civil communication system. More importantly, the proposed LCX1 not only could add the 5G signal cover but also lower the SAR absorbed by the passengers, which indicates that the public electromagnetic exposure dose could be reduced by adjusting the radiation performances of exposure source, which provide a new way for electromagnetic protecting.

Modeling Electromagnetic Field Radiation Variability for Minimization of Exposure Rate in Public Health Environments: A Machine Learning Approach

Public Health awareness of the exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (Rf-EMF) is necessary for epidemiological studies on possible bio-effects. The Knowledge will promote good health, reduce health risk factors, lower morbidity and mortality rates often associated with public health environment (PHE). Modeling EMF radiation variability and its application is vital given the prospective growth in both the number of mobile devices and equipment radiating electromagnetic fields (EMF) and the increasing concerns in the general public. The main goal of this work is to develop a framework based on Machine Learning (ML) approach to determine the exposure level on time-based variances within and during operational procedures of frequency bands used in mobile telecommunication, digital devices, transmitters, broadcasting terminals etc. The system adopts the measurements and instrumentation methodology, using a handheld Poniie pn8000 multi-field EMF metre and EME Spy exposimeter with a detection limit of 0.0066mW/m (2) with sampling at certain interval in a specific frequency ensemble. The measurements were synthesized as exposure coefficients with assessment based on EMF radiation from emitting devices and matching with International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) standards endorsed by WHO. Consequently, obtained data was processed and segmented into training and test sets on 70:30 ratios respectively. Computing modeling of the system was performed with R programming language using data obtained from field measurements and records. The prosed system used Ensemble ML-Random Forest Algorithm and Decision Tree algorithm (DTA). Performance evaluation and results obtained clearly demonstrates 87% based on the Confusion Matrix (CM) outcomes for Random Forest and Decision Tree presents 56%. This justifies the capability of ML techniques in accurately classifying EMF radiation to mitigate exposure rate and improve healthcare throughput. The model was transformed and deployed in a production system API environment with Graphical User Interface (GUI) for flexibility. This work revealed relating potential health bio-effects associated with EMF exposure and the different parameters that are currently used for evaluating, limiting, and mitigating the impact of the exposure on the general public.

Electromagnetic Environment Assessment and Safety Research of Electrified High-Speed Railway Carriages

With the advent of modern, high-speed electrified rail systems, there has been increasing concern about electromagnetic safety in rail carriages. The aim of this study was to assess the electromagnetic safety of passengers on trains by utilizing advanced 3D electromagnetic simulation software. A comprehensive model of the electromagnetic environment experienced by passengers on a CR400AF train, specifically under the influence of catenary radiation, was constructed. We analyzed the magnetic field strength, electric field strength, and current density in the brains of 20 passengers in various positions in the train. The findings revealed that among the 20 passengers analyzed, the maximum and minimum magnetic induction intensity recorded in the brain were 8.41 and 0.01 μT, respectively. The maximum and minimum induced electric field intensities were 1110 and 10 μV/m, respectively. Lastly, the maximum and minimum induced current densities were 1200 and 10 μA/m2, respectively. The results show that when people ride on the CR400AF train, the magnetic induction intensity, induced electric field strength, and induced current density in the brain are below the recommended basic limits of exposure to power frequency electromagnetic fields in the guidelines of the International Committee on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. The power frequency magnetic field generated by the catenary can be effectively shielded by the aluminum alloy car body. The final result of this study indicates that the electromagnetic exposure from the contact wire at the level 25 kV does not pose a threat to the health of passengers on the CR400AF train.

Evaluation of Electromagnetic Exposure in Wireless Power Transfer Systems for Electric Vehicles

In wireless power transfer (WPT) systems, the electromagnetic fields generated by a charging module may exceed the limits set by international safety guidelines. This is a matter of concern for the safety of users of high-power WPT systems, such as electric vehicles (EVs). To address this issue, this study designed a stationary WPT system for EV charging. Furthermore, the dosimetry of the system was evaluated for two exposure scenarios. Electromagnetic field data obtained using the electromagnetic field analysis tool were employed to derive the induced quantities in the human body using the impedance method. In addition, the obtained results were compared to the values recommended by international guidelines (International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection).

Personal exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields: A comparative analysis of international, national, and regional guidelines

A worldwide overview and analysis for the existing limits of human exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields (RF-EMF) is given in this paper. These reference levels have been established by different national and even regional governments, which can be based on the guidelines provided by the recommendations of the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), the International Committee on Electromagnetic Safety of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and even in the United States of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), as well as, are based on the so-called precautionary principle. Explicit reference is made to the exposure limits adopted in countries or regions, such as Canada, Italy, Poland, Switzerland, China, Russia, France, and regions of Belgium (Brussels, Flanders, Wallonia), where the limits are much lower than the international standards.The limits are compared to a selected set of in-situ measurements. This clearly shows that the measured values are typically very small compared to the international standards but could be somewhat higher compared to the reduced limits. Based on this observation and the reasonable assumption that the sensitivity of people to Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) is the same everywhere (whole-body), we propose the idea to establish a worldwide reference limit for the general public, thus applicable in all countries, if the ICNIRP considers it appropriate. Research must continue to generate measurement data that demonstrate the levels of exposure to which we are really exposed, and with this, provide arguments to the organizations that established the guidelines, especially the ICNIRP, to evaluate whether the current limits are too much. High and can be modified when considered pertinent. To the best of our knowledge, at no time has the reference level for the general public been exceeded.

Safety assessment of wireless chargers for electric vehicles considering thermal characteristics.

This study employs the transient finite element method and electromagnetic heat transfer theory to assess the heating generated by high-power wireless chargers during electric vehicle charging. The analysis includes simulating and analyzing the temperature distribution of two different types of shielding plates of the wireless charger and the specific absorption rate (SAR) and head temperature rise of both adults and children in close proximity to the charger. Simulation results show that the maximum temperature rise of the copper shielding plate is 16°C lower than that of the aluminum shielding plate after charging for 1h. This temperature increase does not affect the chassis' s equipment. Regarding human safety, the induced electric field strength and SAR values in the child's head tissue are higher than those in the adult, meeting the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) limits. When the initial temperature is set to 37°C, the temperature rise in the heads of both adults and children is approximately equal after 1h of charging, reaching a maximum temperature rise of 0.21 and 0.23°C, respectively. These values remain below the thermal limit of ICNIRP (2°C for Type 2 tissues). The findings indicate that the copper shielding plate can provide both electromagnetic shielding and heat dissipation functions, and the electromagnetic exposure absorbed by the human body and head temperature rise within safe ranges.

Performance evaluation of an experimental radio frequency heating system designed for studying the solid-liquid extraction

Radio frequency (RF) heating has been extensively used in food processing. However, most RF equipment used for food processing studies is for general-purpose on a pilot scale, rather than being designed on specific processes. This study aimed to develop an experimental 50 Ω RF system equipped with vertical parallel plate electrodes to facilitate the liquid heating in the solid-liquid extraction (SLE) studies, and its heating performances and electromagnetic (EM) leakage were also evaluated. Results showed that compared with the cylindrical container, rectangular one had better heating rate and uniformity, and was more suitable for the vertical parallel plate system. For solid-liquid mixture, RF heating rate increased with increasing particle size within a certain range, but the heating uniformity of the sample surface decreased. Both RF heating rate and uniformity increased with increasing liquid-solid ratio. Furthermore, air bubble stirring at a flow rate of 0.8 L/min resulted in a larger heating rate with better heating uniformity. Shielding using 4 mm stainless steel plate in the self-designed metallic enclosure ensured that the EM leakage was much smaller than the limiting value required by International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. The results from this study would provide some basic information and guidelines for application of vertical parallel plate RF system in the study of SLE of bioactive compounds from agri-food by-products.

Radio Frequency Radiation Exposure from Selected Mobile Transceiver Stations in Minna, Nigeria

Lately, there has been massive development in the use of mobile phones especially in developing countries. But electromagnetic radiation (EMR) emissions from various mobile transceiver stations (MTS) have raised debates on whether they are hazardous to human or not. In this study, we aim at presenting an assessment of human exposure to RF radiation from mobile transceiver stations in Minna. The power flux densities radiations (W/m2) on residential buildings around the MTS were measured using a handheld Extech RF EMF strength meter. The highest mean power flux density value recorded for Minna, was 69.17mW/m2 while the least value was 2.11mW/m2. The result shows that the measured mean power flux density from mobile transceiver stations in Minna, have been compared with standard limit set by International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). The measured value is far below the threshold limit. Therefore, RF emission from MTS in this study area may pose no known health hazards to the general public within the chosen vicinity.

Specific Absorption Rate and Temperature Distributions in the Human Head with Implanted Deep Brain Stimulation Subjected to Mobile Phone Electromagnetic Radiation

Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS), also known as the brain pacemaker, has gradually evolved from a scientific experiment into an effective clinical treatment for movement disorders as a method of improving movement disorders. At present, there are few studies on the effects of 5G mobile phone antenna radiation on the heads of adult patients implanted with DBS. In this study, COMSOL Multiphysics was used to establish a mobile phone model with a 5G/4G patch antenna, a real human head, and the DBS models. Then, we calculated the specific absorption rate (SAR) of various layers of the head tissues with the mobile phone at different distances from the human head, as well as the temperature change rule of the head and the DBS irradiated by the antenna for 30 min. The simulation results showed that when the frequency is 3500 MHz, the electromagnetic radiation of the phone to the patient’s head is generally greater than that of the 2400 MHz. When at 3500 MHz, the distance between the phone and the head is inversely proportional to the SAR value; thus, when the distance between the phone and the head is 1 cm, the maximum SAR value—which is 1.132 W/kg—appeared in the skin layer of the head with implanted DBS. But it is worth noting that the largest temperature rise appeared in the brain layer at 2400 MHz and at a distance of 1 cm, which is 0.2148 °C. Although the SAR values and temperature rise obtained from all simulations are below the limits of 2 W/kg and +1 °C specified by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), we still recommend that patients with implanted DBS maintain a distance when using the phones.