non-Hodgkin Research Articles

Association between radiotherapy and the risk of second primary malignancies in breast cancer patients with different estrogen receptor statuses.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Second primary malignancies (SPMs) related to radiotherapy are significant complications. This study aims to investigate the correlation between radiotherapy and the occurrence of SPMs in breast cancer patients with different estrogen receptor statuses. We used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, selecting estrogen receptor(+) and estrogen receptor(-) breast cancer patients from 1990 to 2015, with SPMs as the outcome measure. Fine-Gray competing risks regression and Poisson regression were employed to analyze the relationship between radiotherapy and the risk of SPMs in different estrogen receptor status groups. Radiotherapy was associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, melanoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and leukemia in estrogen receptor(+) patients. In estrogen receptor(-) patients, radiotherapy was linked to an increased risk of brain cancer and leukemia. The cumulative incidence, standardized incidence ratio, and subgroup analyses showed consistent results. In the dynamic assessment of radiotherapy-related risks, estrogen receptor(+) patients aged 50-70 exhibited a higher risk of leukemia and melanoma. Lung cancer risk was highest during a latency period of 20-30 years, while melanoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and leukemia risks peaked within the first 10 years. For estrogen receptor(-) patients, brain cancer risk was higher between ages 50 and 70, and leukemia risk was elevated between ages 20 and 50. Postoperative radiotherapy for breast cancer is associated with an increased risk of SPMs, with risks varying by estrogen receptor status and SPM type. Further research into the prevention of radiotherapy-related SPMs in different estrogen receptor status groups is crucial.

Safety and Efficacy of Ibritumomab Tiuxetan Versus Rituximab in Newly Diagnosed and Relapsed Patients With Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Safety and Efficacy of Ibritumomab Tiuxetan Versus Rituximab in Newly Diagnosed and Relapsed Patients With Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

IBCL-523 Comparative Efficacy, Safety, and Cost-Effectiveness of Subcutaneous Versus Intravenous Rituximab in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

IBCL-523 Comparative Efficacy, Safety, and Cost-Effectiveness of Subcutaneous Versus Intravenous Rituximab in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

ABCL-699 Safety Profiles of Bispecific Antibodies in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Meta-Analysis of Phase I-III Trials

ABCL-699 Safety Profiles of Bispecific Antibodies in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Meta-Analysis of Phase I-III Trials

Safety Profiles of Bispecific Antibodies in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Meta-Analysis of Phase I-III Trials

Safety Profiles of Bispecific Antibodies in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Meta-Analysis of Phase I-III Trials

Comparative Efficacy, Safety, and Cost-Effectiveness of Subcutaneous Versus Intravenous Rituximab in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Comparative Efficacy, Safety, and Cost-Effectiveness of Subcutaneous Versus Intravenous Rituximab in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

IBCL-506 Safety and Efficacy of Ibritumomab Tiuxetan Versus Rituximab in Newly Diagnosed and Relapsed Patients With Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

IBCL-506 Safety and Efficacy of Ibritumomab Tiuxetan Versus Rituximab in Newly Diagnosed and Relapsed Patients With Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Comparative Efficacy, Safety, and Cost-Effectiveness of Subcutaneous Versus Intravenous Rituximab in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Comparative Efficacy, Safety, and Cost-Effectiveness of Subcutaneous Versus Intravenous Rituximab in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Complete loss of lineage defining antigens in two cases of B-cell malignancies following CAR-T therapy.

Targeted immunotherapy is a promising approach in treating high-risk and refractory/relapsed lymphoid malignancies. Although this strategy has shown a significant success in treating non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas and plasma cell myeloma, relapse with loss of targeted antigen can occur. Rarely, complete loss of multiple lineage specific markers can happen. We are describing 2 cases of B-cell neoplasms along with contributing immunohistochemistry, cytogenetic, and molecular results. Post-targeted CAR-T therapy, both cases, one aggressive B-cell lymphoma and the other plasma cell myeloma, lost B-cell, and plasma cell antigens, respectively. Complete loss of lineage specific markers post-targeted therapy is a rare event that makes the diagnosis of the relapsed neoplasm challenging. In this article, we also reviewed the literature and highlighted possible mechanisms of antigen loss following targeted therapy.

Phase 1 Clinical Trial of LP-284, a Novel Synthetically Lethal Small Molecule, in Relapsed or Refractory B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas and Solid Tumors

Phase 1 Clinical Trial of LP-284, a Novel Synthetically Lethal Small Molecule, in Relapsed or Refractory B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas and Solid Tumors

ABCL-309 Survival Disparities Among Indolent and Aggressive Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas in Armenia

ABCL-309 Survival Disparities Among Indolent and Aggressive Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas in Armenia

Clinical and Financial Burden of Mental Health (MH) Conditions in Patients With Low-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (LG-NHL)

Clinical and Financial Burden of Mental Health (MH) Conditions in Patients With Low-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (LG-NHL)

Survival Disparities Among Indolent and Aggressive Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas in Armenia

Survival Disparities Among Indolent and Aggressive Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas in Armenia

SARS-CoV-2-Specific T Lymphocytes Analysis in mRNA-Vaccinated Patients with B-Cell Lymphoid Malignancies on Active Treatment.

Patients with B-lymphocyte malignancies (BCMs) receiving B-lymphocyte-targeted therapies have increased risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes and impaired antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in comparison to non-hematologic oncologic patients or general population. Consequently, it is vital to explore vaccine-induced T-lymphocyte responses in patients referred for the understanding of immune protection against SARS-CoV2 infections. The objective of the present study was to analyze the recall immune responses carried out by T lymphocytes after two COVID-19 mRNA vaccine doses. We enrolled 40 patients with BCMs and 10 healthy controls (HCs) after 4 weeks from the second mRNA vaccine dose. Spike (S)-specific T-lymphocyte responses were assessed in peripheral blood mononuclear lymphocytes (PBMCs) by intracellular IFN-γ staining combined with flow cytometry. Furthermore, the humoral response was assessed with the measurement of anti-spike antibodies. From March to July 2021, 40 patients (median age 68) received mRNA vaccines. The overall antibody response for BCMs was 52.5% versus 100% for the healthy controls (p = 0.008). The antibody response was different across BCMs: 18.75% for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 54.5% for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and 92.3% for multiple myeloma. Responses varied by malignancy type and treatment, with anti-CD20 therapies showing the lowest response (6.7%). T-lymphocyte analysis revealed reduced numbers and altered differentiation stages in patients compared to the controls. However, the vaccine-induced T response was generally robust, with variations in specific T subpopulations. mRNA vaccines induced significant humoral and cellular immune responses in B-cell lymphoid malignancy patients, although responses varied by treatment type and malignancy. Further research is needed to optimize vaccination strategies in this population.

Revolution of blood cancer treatment in the oral cavity: Breakthroughs in nanotherapy

This comprehensive review explores the potential of nanotherapy in the treatment of blood cancers, specifically leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma, in the oral cavity. Nanoparticles (NPs) made from organic and inorganic materials have shown promise in delivering therapeutic substances to cancer cells, enhancing their pharmacological efficacy, and reducing their systemic toxicity. Different types of nanoparticles, such as liposomes, extracellular vehicles, and polymeric nanoparticles, have been studied for their effectiveness in targeting cancer cells. Nanotherapy has also been investigated for overcoming drug resistance, targeting cancer stem cells, bypassing efflux pumps, and gene silencing. Clinical trials and research findings have demonstrated the potential of nanotherapy for improving outcomes in patients with acute myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. However, challenges exist in addressing the heterogeneity of blood cancers in the oral cavity, navigating the tumor microenvironment, overcoming drug resistance, and modulating immune evasion. Future directions include individualized treatment plans, multifunctional nanoparticles, combination therapies, and improved nanoparticle design. The translation of these breakthroughs into clinical practice requires collaboration among researchers, physicians, and industry stakeholders. Overall, nanotherapy holds promise for more effective and less invasive treatments for blood cancer in the oral cavity.

Tazemetostat for relapsed/refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma with EZH2 mutation in Japan: 3-year follow-up for a phase II study

Previously, we reported the efficacy and safety of tazemetostat in Japanese patients with relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma (FL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) harboring the EZH2 mutation in a multicenter, open-label, phase II study. Here, we present a follow-up analysis of tazemetostat at a long-term median follow-up of 35.0 months. Twenty patients were enrolled: 17 in the FL cohort and three in the DLBCL cohort. In the FL cohort, the objective response rate was 70.6%, consistent with the primary analysis, and the median progression-free survival (PFS) was not reached. The 24-month and 36-month PFS rates were 72.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 41.5%–88.6%) and 64.1% (95% CI 33.7%–83.4%), respectively. The median duration of treatment was 30.2 months. After the primary analysis at a median follow-up of 12.9 months, grade 1–2 urinary tract infection, peripheral motor neuropathy, and hypogammaglobulinemia newly emerged, but the incidence of adverse events (AEs) did not increase notably during this follow-up period. No unexpected grade ≥ 3 treatment-related AEs were reported. Long-term oral monotherapy with tazemetostat showed favorable efficacy and safety profiles, indicating that it may be a useful third-line or later treatment option for patients with relapsed/refractory FL harboring the EZH2 mutation. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03456726.

Metabolic Function and Therapeutic Potential of CD147 for Hematological Malignancies: An Overview.

Hematological malignancies refer to a heterogeneous group of neoplastic conditions of lymphoid and hematopoietic tissues classified in leukemias, Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas and multiple myeloma, according to their presumed cell of origin, genetic abnormalities, and clinical features. Metabolic adaptation and immune escape, which influence various cellular functions, including the proliferation and survival of hematological malignant tumor cells, are major aspects of these malignancies that lead to therapeutic drug resistance. Targeting specific metabolic pathways is emerging as a novel therapeutic strategy in hematopoietic neoplasms, particularly in acute myeloid leukemia and multiple myeloma. In this context, CD147, also known as extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) or Basigin, is one target candidate involved in reprograming metabolism in different cancer cells, including hematological malignant tumor cells. CD147 overexpression significantly contributes to the metabolic transformation of these cancer cells, by mediating signaling pathway, growth, metastasis and metabolic reprogramming, through its interaction, direct or not, with various membrane proteins related to metabolic regulation, including monocarboxylate transporters, integrins, P-glycoprotein, and glucose transporter 1. This review explores the metabolic functions of CD147 and its impact on the tumor microenvironment, influencing the progression and neoplastic transformation of leukemias, myeloma, and lymphomas. Furthermore, we highlight new opportunities for the development of targeted therapies against CD147, potentially improving the treatment of hematologic malignancies.

Cutaneous T cell Lymphoma in Skin of Color: A Review.

People of color (POC) affected by skin cancer suffer disproportionately from worse morbidity and mortality. Although skin cancers occur most frequently in White individuals overall, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is an exception. CTCL is a rare skin cancer comprising several subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma; each contains a unique clinical profile that varies with race. Our aim is to review and compile the differences in epidemiology, clinical presentation, treatments, and outcomes of the CTCL subtypes in Black, Asian or Pacific-Islander (API), and Hispanic patients. The current literature supports that there are nuances in the course of CTCL that differ with race. Across multiple studies, racial differences in incidence patterns have been reported, with the highest rates among Black patients. Cutaneous manifestation of CTCL are highly variable in POC, and the predilection for clinical CTCL variants often differs with race, as well as severity of cutaneous involvement (BSA). Response to and type of treatment also differs among POC, and may be partially attributable to the varying CTCL subtypes experienced by certain races. Prognostic factors tend to vary with race, although Black patients consistently experience poor outcomes, while API patients may have a more favorable prognosis. Currently, there is no definitive conclusion to account for differences observed in CTCL skin of color patients, however biologic and socioeconomic factors have been proposed as potential drivers. As POC comprise an increasing portion of our population, adequate physician awareness and knowledge of racial nuances in CTCL are necessary to begin addressing these disparities.

Effect of body mass index on the prognosis of children and adolescents with high-grade mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Little progress has been made in determining the prognostic factors for children and adolescents with high-grade mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (HG B-NHL). Based on the important role of body mass index (BMI) in cancer, this study explored the effect of BMI on the prognosis of patients with HG B-NHL. Patients aged <18 years with newly diagnosed HG B-NHL were enrolled. Patients were divided into normal, overweight, obese, and emaciated BMI groups according to the growth criteria for children and adolescents. In total, 435 patients were enrolled in this study. There were 329 (75.6%), 46 (10.6%), 13 (3.0%), and 47 (10.8%) patients stratified into the normal, overweight, obese, and emaciated BMI groups, respectively. The event-free survival and overall survival rates of the entire cohort were 89.3% and 92.4%, respectively. The 5-year event-free survival rate for the patients with obese BMI was worse than those with overweight BMI (76.2% vs. 95.6%, p=.04). The 5-year overall survival rate for the patients with emaciated BMI was worse than those with normal (84.5% vs. 93.1%, p=.04) or overweight BMI (84.5% vs. 97.7%, p=.03). Cox multivariate analysis showed that obese or emaciated BMI at diagnosis was associated with an increased risk of death (p=0.04; HR,2.26) and was identified as an independent adverse prognostic factor in pediatric HG B-NHL. Obese or emaciated BMI at diagnosis is associated with poor prognosis in pediatric HG B-NHL and can be used for risk stratification.

Infections and their prognostic significance before diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or multiple myeloma

BackgroundImmunodeficiency is a shared feature of B cell malignancies. The risk of infections and their prognostic significance after diagnosis are well characterized, but, conversely, less is known about prediagnostic infections in these domains.MethodsIn matched case-control analyzes, using Danish nationwide registers, we assessed the rate of prediagnostic infections in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), multiple myeloma (MM), follicular lymphoma (FL), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), and lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL). Survival analyzes of data from clinical registers were then used to determine the effect of infections in the year preceding diagnosis on overall survival. To yield results for as many patients as possible, antimicrobial prescriptions were used as surrogates for infections.ResultsThe nationwide and clinical registers comprised 30,389 patients, accumulating 213,649 antimicrobial prescriptions, and 18,560 patients accumulating 107,268 prescriptions, respectively. The relative risk of infections was increased up to 15 years prior to diagnosis of malignancy and markedly increased in the year just prior to diagnosis. More than two antimicrobials within one year prior to diagnosis were associated with significantly shorter overall survival, independently of known prognostic factors.ConclusionPatients with B cell-derived malignancies exhibit marked immunodeficiency several years prior to diagnosis such that different disease subtypes demonstrate both overlapping and distinct trends in infection risk preceding diagnosis. Moreover, multiple infections within the year preceding diagnosis are independently associated with shorter overall survival for all the examined malignancies.