ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the breast arterial calcification (BAC) and the plasma atherogenic index (PAI), atherogenic coefficient (AC), Castelli risk index-I (CRI-I) and Castelli risk index-II (CRI-II). MethodsThis retrospective study included 60 premenopausal women aged over 40years with BAC on mammograms and control group of 60 women without BAC. Serum glucose, triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoproteincholesterol (LDLc), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLc), and total cholesterol (TC), levels were measured. Lipid indices were calculated using the appropriate formula. ResultsLDLc, non-HDLc levels were significantly higher, HDLc levels were siginificantly lower in patient group compared to the control group (p=0.007, p=0.027, and p=0.014, respectively). Patient group had significantly higher PAI, AC, CRI-I and CRI-II levels than the control group (p=0.003, p=0.002, p=0.002 and p=0.003, respectively). A significant positive correlation was found between BAC and PAI, AC, CRI-I and CRI-II (r=0.267 and p=0.003, r=0.282 and p=0.002, r=0.282 and p=0.002, r=0.271 and p=0.003, respectively). LDLc and non-HDLc were positively correlated whereas HDLc was negatively correlated with the BAC (r=0.188 and p=0.039, r=0.202 and p=0.027, r=−0.223 and p=0.014, respectively). ConclusionBAC is a valuable tool for the prediction of deranged lipid profile. Dyslipidemia, PAI, AC, CRI-I and CRI-II are risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis. Our results indicate that BAC is potentially useful tool for the detection of dyslipidemia and early atherosclerosis in premenopausal women.