Non-ferrous Metallurgy Enterprises Research Articles

DEVELOPMENT OF CONSTRUCTIVE DESIGN OF PICKLING UNITS FOR OPERATION IN HIGHLY AGGRESSIVE HOT SULPHURIC ACID SOLUTIONS

Problem statement. Technological process of metallurgical, pipe-rolling, chemical and other enterprises includes chemical treatment of metal products by pickling in hot (60–80 °C) sulphuric acid solutions with a concentration of 20–22 %. This treatment method is conducted in the pickling departments of enterprises in special containers (pickling units). Pickling solution of the specified concentration and temperature is a highly aggressive environment for all building structures made of traditional materials. Existing pickling units for chemical treatment of metal products do not ensure reliability and durability and are destroyed after 1-2 years of operation. Therefore, ferrous metallurgy enterprises that have pickling departments for chemical treatment of metal structures are classified as enterprises with a highly aggressive environment and their design should be developed with these conditions under consideration. The purpose of the work: Searching for and implementing mechanisms to improve the resistance of polymer concrete in aggressive environments in production. The object of research – is furan resins modified polymer concrete. The subject of the research – investigation of the particularities and improvement of constructive design for pickling baths made of materials based on polymer concrete in an aggressive environment and its implementation in production. Main part. Development of constructive design for technological pickling units made of structural corrosion-resistant material (furan resins modified polymer concrete). Conclusions. Pickling of metal products at ferrous metallurgy enterprises is conducted in highly aggressive hot sulphuric acid solutions of 20–25 % concentration at a temperature of 60–80 °C. Under the conditions of constant exposure to highly aggressive hot sulphuric acid solutions, even protection with chemically resistant materials does not ensure the required reliability and durability. To manufacture such structures, a new structural material is needed that combines chemical resistance with strength and durability. This material is a structurally chemical-resistant polymer concrete based on thermoset furan resins, which have high strength and universal chemical resistance, allowing us to solve the problem of reliability and durability of technological units for chemical treatment of metal structures at ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises in a fundamentally new way. New constructive design for pickling units made of reinforced polymer concrete was developed in conjunction with shock-absorbing bars and an improved ventilation system, consisting of individual elements of full factory readiness weighing no more than 5 tonnes, which allows them to be transported and installed in operating pickling workshops using existing mechanisms.

Regulating Foreign Economic Activity of Enterprises of Non-Ferrous Metallurgy in Russia in Conditions of Global Crisis

Non-ferrous metallurgy, as one of principle industries of Russian economy, since the beginning of the global geopolitical crisis has been facing a number of serious problems, including distribution restrictions. In such circumstances iron and steel companies need state support. To develop foreign economic activity business requires not only fast re-orientation to new markets but also thorough help. In case of situation deterioration direct regulation of foreign economic activity of producers will become important. In view of this setting-up of a specialized agency, which could supervise foreign economic activity of the most important industries and support key enterprises can be useful. Its functions can include talks and contract operations and compensations for companies with short-received profits under their contracts. In such cases key factors affecting the amount of compensation shall be taken into account. The author proposed a formula, which can help estimations made by the agency.

Reparations Withdrawals Of Metallurgical Equipment in Central and Eastern European Countries at Final Stage of Great Patriotic War (1944—1945)

This article is dedicated to the lesser-known aspects of Soviet policy regarding the compulsory seizure of industrial equipment in territories liberated by the Red Army from the fascist bloc states in 1944—1945. Based on an analysis of decrees by the State Defense Committee, the principles of interaction between representatives of industrial People’s Commissariats and military authorities in liberated territories are revealed, with the aim of dismantling and transporting the most promising industrial assets back to the USSR for the needs of restoring the country’s metallurgical complex. The paper provides examples of property disputes among leading economic entities — the industrial People's Commissariats of the USSR — over the right to dismantle industrial facilities for their own benefit. It also sheds light on the activities of Special Assembly Managements under the People’s Commissariat for Construction of the USSR and their authority in the process of seizing industrial assets in territories freed from German control in Eastern Europe. Using the case studies of non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy enterprises located in territories of fascist bloc countries (Germany, Hungary) liberated by the Red Army, typical approaches to organizing the compulsory dismantling of their equipment are analyzed. The research conducted vividly demonstrates the significance of reparations seizures of industrial equipment in Eastern Europe for the modernization and recovery of the USSR’s metallurgical complex during 1944—1945.

Efficiency of Low-Carbon Technologies Implementation at Non-Ferrous Metallurgy Enterprises under the Conditions of Carbon-Regulation Development in Russia

Carbon markets are highly relevant to the need to regulate man-made greenhouse gas emissions. As the world faces the dangerous effects of global warming, reducing greenhouse gas emissions has become a critical priority for governments, corporations and individuals around the world. Carbon markets offer a way to incentivize and encourage emissions reductions and facilitate a smooth transition to a low-carbon economy. Low-carbon development is possible by building transparent and understandable organizational and economic conditions for the operation of carbon regulation. This article considers the feasibility of introducing energy-efficient technologies at Polymetal International PLC enterprises located in Khabarovsk region, engaged in the mining and processing of non-ferrous and precious metals (gold, silver and copper) in light of the country’s growing attention to the regulation of carbon dioxide emissions. The objective of this study is to model the organizational and economic conditions of the carbon market and estimate the economic and climate outcomes from the implementation of energy-efficient technologies at Polymetal International PLC. This study analyzes the current energy-consumption structure of non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises in Russia and identifies potential areas for the use of energy-efficient technologies. An important aspect is the assessment of government policies and incentives that could facilitate the introduction of low-carbon technologies. It is important to assess the impact of prospective carbon-management plans in Russia on the economic performance of steel companies. The results of this study suggest that the introduction of low-carbon technologies has the potential to significantly reduce energy consumption, lower operating costs and reduce carbon dioxide emissions from non-ferrous metal companies in Russia. However, the successful implementation of these technologies will require significant investment, stakeholder cooperation and political support from the Russian government.

Analysis of the spatiotemporal fields of chemical soil pollution as a basic component of urban ecosystems

The soil is a depositing medium and an indicator of geochemical load. The fulfillment of important ecosystem functions by urban soils ensures the ecological safety of urban ecosystems as a whole. The purpose of the work is to forecast soil pollution as a basic component of the urban ecosystem with a high level of technogenic load. The calculation of the spatio-temporal fields of chemical pollution of soils in the city of Kolchugino, Vladimir region, was carried out using a balance model based on ecological and analytical data utilizing the results of area surveys of soils and snow cover. The content of heavy metals of hazard classes 1 and 2 in soil and snow samples (solid and liquid phases) was determined by atomic absorption method according to standard methods. The analysis of spatio-temporal fields of soil contamination for each heavy metal is performed on the basis of map diagrams constructed using the INTEGRO GIS software-technological complex. Taking into account aerotechnogenic intake, an assessment of the degree of accumulation of heavy metals in soils and their time to reach the critical level is given. In the soils of Kolchugino, an excess of sanitary and hygienic standards (gross forms) is revealed for all the metals studied. Analysis of the data of spatio-temporal fields of soil pollution with heavy metals in the city of Kolchugino showed that the established level of soil pollution exceeding the MPC is primarily associated with the past economic activity of non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises and will remain at the same level in the near future.

Assessment of working conditions and health conditions of employees of non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises

The production conditions of non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises can be characterized by a high severity of the labor process due to excessive physical exertion, constant exposure to intense noise, increased vibration levels; inhalation of industrial aerosols, dust and chemicals; exposure to unfavorable industrial microclimate. The most common types of professionally conditioned and occupational pathology in employees of non-ferrous metallurgy departments are sensorineural hearing loss, vibration disease, radiculopathy, lung and upper respiratory tract diseases, diseases of the musculoskeletal system.
 In order to summarize the information and identify the peculiarities of working conditions and health status of employees of non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises, the researchers analyzed the relevant scientific literature on the bibliographic databases Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine and RSCI using theoretical methods of scientific cognition.
 The most intense impact of production factors is characterized by the working conditions of workers of underground divisions of non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises.
 At the same time, the presence of a specific chemical factor associated with exposure to dust and gas mixtures and aerosols of non-ferrous metals causes the development of morbidity in workers of metallurgical industries for processing and enriching raw materials of non-ferrous metals with toxic alveolitis, bronchial asthma, malignant neoplasms, diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, blood and central nervous system. In this regard, at non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises, when planning a set of preventive measures, the identification of groups of diseases associated with working conditions and caused by the presence of a specific chemical factor of exposure to dust and gas mixtures and aerosols of non-ferrous metals should be considered a necessary condition for preserving the health of workers.
 Ethics. This study did not require the conclusion of the ethics committee.

Critical and Strategic Minerals in the Russian Federation

Global development and scientific and technological progress are intensifying the use of mineralraw materials (MRMs)—the necessary basis for the production of high-tech products. The advanced producing countries of these products are in dire need of various raw materials, which are critical and, as a rule, are supplied from third countries. Strategic is a mineral raw material, which is of particular importance for ensuring the economic development of the country, its defense and security. Due to the complex structure of extraction, processing and consumption of raw materials, many of its types are in short supply. In the world literature, the concept of “deficient MRMs” in its content most closely corresponds to “critical MRMs,” that is, raw materials that are critically needed for industry and are characterized by a significant risk of their supplies. Most critical raw materials are needed for production promising high-tech industrial products and new materials and, in particular, for “green technologies” in connection with the course of decarbonization of the economy actively pursued by world powers. In the production of such products, the consumption of MRMs is growing rapidly, especially rare-earth elements (REEs), V, Li and platinum-group elements (PGEs). From the list of 61 kinds of MRMs that are strategic for Russia, the extraction of oil, gas, Cu, Au, PGEs, Ni, apatite ores, K salts, and diamonds (as well as nonlisted coals, Fe ores, Na salts, V, B ores, magnesite, and chrysotile asbestos) fully covers their current domestic consumption in the Russian Federation and the achieved level of export. U, Mn, and Cr ores; Zr; high-purity quartz raw materials (SiO2); bauxite (Al); graphite; fluorite and nonstrategic barite; kaolin; and bentonite are deficient; their exploitation only partially provides domestic consumption, which is largely dependent on imports; it is carried out in insufficient volumes in the presence of significant reserves of relatively low quality. The most deficient in this list are Ti, Li, Ta, Nb, and REEs (usually, there are groups of heavy and light rare earths (HREEs and LREEs, respectively)): their domestic consumption is provided mainly by imports with very limited production (despite large reserves, including low quality ores). Re, Be, Nb, Ta, HREEs, Y, Sc, LREEs, Ge, Ga, Li, Hf, and Co, and, of nonstrategic MRMs, Bi and Sr, should be considered critical MRMs in the Russian Federation. The most important source of dispersed/ associated elements is represented by raw materials of mining enterprises of nonferrous metallurgy: Cu and Zn subsectors, In, Ge, Ga, Cd, Tl, Se, Te, Sb, Bi, etc.; Al subsectors, Ga; for Au and Au–Ag deposits, Sb, As, Te, Se, Bi, Tl. An associated source of lithium is represented by brines of gas-condensate fields. The issues of assessing complex raw materials for high-tech industry are considered using the example of pyrite, porphyry, and gold-ore deposits of the Ural folded region, which play an important role in its overall metallogenic potential.

Experience of Determination of Regional Maximum Permissible Concentrations of Leadin Soils in the Area of Non-Ferrous Metallurgy Enterprises

Regional maximum permissible concentrations of gross lead in soils were determined in the area of the non-ferrous metallurgy enterprise – the largest Electrozink plant in Russia, located in Vladikavkaz (Republic of North Ossetia-Alania) and a source of environmental pollution with lead, zinc and cadmium. Modeling of lead contamination of five types and subtypes of soils most closely lying to the metallurgical enterprise was carried out. The following of gross lead concentrations were established in soils in the area of the metallurgical enterprise: chernozem leached – 160 mg/kg, chernozem ordinary – 150 mg/kg, dark gray forest – 120 mg/kg, mountain-meadow soddy – 110 mg/kg, brown forest weakly unsaturated – 100 mg/kg.

CHEMOSORPTION COMPOSITIONS BASED ON PHLOGOPITE FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE AIR PURIFICATION FROM SULFUR DIOXIDE

It is known that a large amount of sulfur dioxide is released into the atmosphere during the production of sulfuric acid, the combustion of metal sulfides at non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises, during the burning of coal containing sulfur, at thermal power plants, and in many other industries. In the air of industrial companies, its concentrations often significantly exceed the maximum allowable concentration (10 mg/m3 for the working area), despite the use of equipment for the sanitary treatment of exhaust gases. Therefore, there is a need to develop highly effective personal protection equipment of workers’ respiratory organs against sulfur dioxide in the form of respirators or gas masks. For their production, it is necessary to create cheap, affordable and reliable sorbents. A large number of methods for cleaning air and exhaust gases from sulfur dioxide are known. Among them, a special place is occupied by methods based on the use of nitrogen-containing bases, for example, urea, mono-, di- and triethanolamines, hydrazine, hydroxylamine, and hexamethylene tetramine (HMTA). Therefore, the use of aqueous solutions of nitrogen-containing bases as active components of sulfur dioxide chemosorbents is quite promising. However, their use in respiratory personal protection equipment, which would work according to the principle of using the absorption process, is quite difficult. Therefore, we made an attempt to impregnate a porous medium, as natural flagopite, with aqueous solutions of HMTA and NaOH. It was determined using X-ray phase analysis, that natural phlogopite, in addition to the main phlogopite phase, contains various impurities, such as diopside, vermiculite, clinochlore, and cordierite. To establish the type of adsorption, the adsorption and desorption of sulfur dioxide by natural phlogopite was studied. It has been proven that sulfur dioxide is weakly bound to the surface of natural phlogopite, that is, its physical adsorption mainly occurs. The perspective of using natural and chemically modified phlogopite for chemisorption neutralization of sulfur dioxide, provided its low concentration (150 mg/m3) in the air, is shown. It was established that monocomponent compositions based on NaOH and HMTA fixed on natural phlogopite absorb sulfur dioxide, but under the condition of their combined action at a certain ratio of components, a synergistic effect is observed, which is manifested in an increase in the time of the protective effect and adsorption capacity of the compositions.

Өскемен қаласының өндіріс орындары шоғырланған аумағында тұратын балалардың физикалық дамуы

For the first time the physical development of children living in non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises (zinc, lead and titanium-magnesium simultaneously) and in urban areas without similar emission sources were compared, where development indexes and indices were evaluated.Research. To assess the physical development of children living in the sanitary protection zones of the Northern and Northeastern industrial zones.Methods. In the article the physical development of children living on the territory of sanitary protective zones of Northern and North-Eastern industrial centers of Ust-Kamenogorsk city is estimated. When comparing with the clean control areas it was found that the children of primary and secondary school age are characterized by accelerated growth rate, low body weight and weak type of body build.Results. Compared to the control and clean territories, the body mass deficit in the younger age is up to 83.0%, in the high school age - up to 71.2%. "Very weak" type of body build prevails in elementary school students living in the areas of JSC "Uskemen Titanium-Magnesium Plant" (63,0%), JSC "Kazmyrish" and JSC "Ulba Metallurgical Plant" (62,0%).Conclusions. Children living in the studied areas are characterized by an acceleration of the growth rate of body length compared with the control area. The estimation according to centile tables showed that children are characterized by a higher level of body weight in comparison with the control area.Keywords: sanitary protection zone, physical development, schoolchildren, environmental load.

“Grandfather of all our non-ferrous metallurgy”: on the 150th anniversary of the birth of Nikolai Pudovich Aseev (1871–1952)

The article is devoted to the life and work of the professor of the Leningrad Mining Institute N.P. Aseev, the largest Soviet metallurgist of the period of the first Stalin five-year plans and the Great Patriotic War. His life and work were inextricably linked with the fate of his Alma mater – the Leningrad Mining Institute. Back in 1904, N. P. Aseev organized the first large educational and research metallurgical laboratory at the Mining Institute. His pedagogical activity as a professor has always been closely connected with production, he personally participated in research work on solving the most pressing issues of metallurgy, and especially issues of defense significance. The closest connection of lectures with laboratory and practical classes, discussion with students of the latest achievements of science and technology in the field of metallurgy led to the creation by N. P. Aseev of his own school of metallurgists, including researchers of non-ferrous and light metals and alloys. The greatest merit of N. P. Aseev is the development of the principles of scientific design of Soviet non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises. He participated as a consultant and expert in the creation of projects for all major non-ferrous metallurgy plants in the USSR. According to these projects, Volkhov and Dneprovsk aluminum plants (1930), magnesium plants (Dneprovsk, 1935; Solikamsk, 1936), Krasnouralsk copper smelter, Ridder lead, Belovo zinc plant, Tikhvin alumina plant, Ural aluminum plant, Balkhash and Sredneuralsk copper plants, Orsk (Yuzhuralnikel) and the Severonickel combine, the Ufaley nickel plant, etc. In 1934, on the basis of the research sector of the Mining Institute, under the scientific guidance of N. P. Aseev the “Nickel Group”, which immediately became the main center for all the most important research and development work on nickel and cobalt for the nickel industry, was organized.

Mathematical modeling of processes of technogenic deposits development

The article aims to substantiate the tendency to solve the problem of the mineral and raw material base of non-ferrous metals due to the involvement of technogenic origin in substandard metal-containing raw materials. Critical analysis and systematization of new information on the current state of the mineral and raw materials base of non-ferrous metals and the environmental problems of mining associated with it. New data on the recovery and loss of metals in the process of ore dressing are presented. It is shown that the total value of metals in waste is comparable to the value of potential mineral resources in the bowels. The problems of the use of mining waste should be solved in a single package with environmental problems by creating a single technological cycle for the extraction and processing of industrial minerals of industrial waste, the use of which can make the development of industrial deposits economically viable. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of using best practices for non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises that are searching for ways to survive in the conditions of the establishment of market relations.

The influence of fuel and energy systems on atmospheric air pollution by enterprises of the metallurgical and machine-building complex

Currently, billions of tons of industrial waste from ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises have accumulated in Russia. Ferrous metallurgy is one of the most environmentally dirty industries. The history of the environmental problem of the city of Nizhny Tagil, goes back to the beginning of the creation of the mining industry of the Urals. The development of mining, chemical, metallurgical production, mechanical engineering is formed by the increasing pressure of anthropogenic factors on the environment. Emissions of industrial enterprises, energy systems and transport into the air, at the present stage of the development of science and technology, have reached such a size that in some areas, especially in large industrial centers, pollution levels are several times higher than permissible sanitary standards.

Оцінки екосистеми в найбільш забруднених регіонах України та прогнозування стану довкілля

The article considers the method of assessing the ecological condition of the territory of the Zaporozhye region, under the influence of negative factors of different nature. Zaporizhzhia region is one of the busiest regions in terms of industrial potential, which is due to the presence and concentration of enterprises of ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy, thermal power, nuclear energy, chemistry, and mechanical engineering. The region is a leading center of domestic aircraft engine construction, production of transformers and other high-tech products. According to the dynamics of pollutant emissions in Zaporizhia and the region, the largest contribution to air pollution in the Zaporizhia region (60-70%) is made by pollutant emissions from stationary sources of PJSC «Zaporizhstal», PJSC «Dniprospetsstal», PJSC «Ukrainian Graph» and others. Moreover, a significant part of industrial enterprises are located almost in the center of residential buildings, which forms the main man-made load on the environment of settlements. The main air pollutants in the region are ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, thermal power, chemistry, and mechanical engineering, which account for almost 90% of emissions from the total amount of pollutants in the region. The purpose of the presented work is a method of assessing the ecological condition of the territories of the Zaporozhye region. To achieve this goal, an integrated criterion for assessing the ecological condition of the territory was developed. The table of risk indicators and health index for air quality is given, the data of which were compared with the calculations of total air pollution.

Rock dumps of non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises as an object of recultivation

Rock dumps of non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises formed during the development of mineral deposits are the most dangerous in relation to environmental pollution. They are characterized by the presence of sulfides, during the oxidation of which sulfuric acid is formed, and around the developed deposits extensive halos of scattering metal compounds are formed. On the example of a polymetallic enterprise producing and processing sulphide-containing carbonatized ores, a change in the properties of rocks transferred from depth to the day surface is considered. The studied rocks differ in lithological composition, weathering resistance, chemical and physical properties. They are characterized by different degrees of suitability for biological recultivation. Disadvantageous properties for plant growth are increased density and cementation of rocks, acidic reaction of the medium, high content of heavy metals. Features of recultivation of land disturbed during development of deposits are considered. It is concluded inappropriate to restore such a land for agricultural use. Forestry and sanitary and hygienic (environmental) areas of recultivation are highly recommended. It is permissible to leave certain areas of dumps with settled vegetation for self-healing.

Effect of Soil Degradation and Remediation in Technogenic Barrens on the Uptake of Nutrients and Heavy Metals by Plants in the Kola Subarctic

To assess the state of plants and their response to changes in soil properties, the elemental composition of leaves of widespread and pollution-tolerant species Betula pubescens Ehrh. and Salix caprea L. has been studied near the nonferrous metallurgy enterprises in the Kola Peninsula. The content of nutrients and heavy metals in the leaves of undergrowth on technogenic barrens and remediation sites differing in remediation technologies has been analyzed. According to the results of leaf diagnostics, both species under barren conditions are characterized by a noticeable deficiency of K, Ca, P, and, especially, Mn and Zn. The leaves of both species accumulate Ni, Cu, Co, As, Cr, Fe, Al, Pb, V, and S. Willow leaves contain more Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Cu, Al, Fe, As, S, Ca, K and less Mn than birch leaves. Chemophytostabilization has little effect, and the covering of contaminated soils with a constructed fertile layer leads to the enrichment of birch and willow leaves with Ca, K, and P. Under conditions of continuing atmospheric emissions and gradual accumulation of bioavailable heavy metals in soils after the remediation, the accumulation of metals in leaves is largely determined by the distance from the pollution source, reflecting the possibility of both root and foliar uptake. The concentrations of Ni and Cu in leaves in 2018 did not decrease compared to 2011. The low, albeit varying, ratios of the contents of heavy metals in undergrowth leaves and in the soil and weak correlation of heavy metal contents in these media indicated that B. pubescens and S. caprea retain their ability to regulate their chemical composition even under extreme conditions of technogenic barrens. At the same time, supporting the protective capabilities of plants via optimizing mineral nutrition and soil acidity in combination with a reduction in atmospheric pollution is a prerequisite for efficient remediation of technogenic territories in the Far North.

Methods and the Process of Innovative Assessment of the Potential of Metallurgical Companies

The study examined the methods of evaluation of innovative activities of metallurgical and non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises. We recommend eliminating difficulties for the development of non-ferrous metallurgy companies in order to attract more domestic and foreign investors to the national economy, as well as to strengthen trade in this area. In this regard, we can attract investors with our innovative projects. The state of the innovative sources of industrial companies has made it possible to better understand the causes of the slow development of this sector. Unfortunately, to date, there is no generally accepted methodology for assessing the innovative development of a company and its impact on the development of the investment business, which would make it possible to identify factors that contribute to the development of innovative potential. Therefore, it is difficult for an investor to choose an innovative project when evaluating the innovative attractiveness of an economic entity itself, and for this the state must create incentives so that the level of economic development of the country is less dependent on such investors.

Оценка финансовых возможностей реализации инновационного потенциала горными предприятиями цветной металлургии Севера и Арктики

The analysis of methods for assessing the financial opportunities for increasing the economic efficiency of industrial enterprises using absolute and relative indicators and coefficients was carried out. A mechanism for determining financial possibilities for realizing innovative potential of northern mining enterprises of non-ferrous metallurgy, based on the method of assessing the three-component coefficient, which allows choosing the most rational strategy of scientific and technological development, taking into account financial resources and features of production functioning in the northern regions of the Russian Federation, was developed. It is shown that the proposed methodology can be used with limited infor-mation in the accounting statements provided in public access. On the basis of objective indicators, the research of innovation activity of twenty industrial enterprises of non-ferrous metallurgy directly operating in the North and the Arctic and included as subsidiaries and branches of seven largest corporations — PJSC MMC “Norilsk Nickel”, JSC “Mine Karalveem”, PJSC “Acron”, JSC “Mining company “Berelekh”, PJSC “Seligdar”, OJSC “Susumanzoloto”, JSC “Polymetal” for the period 2013–2019 was carried out. Studies showed the dependence of the innovation activity of northern enterprises of non-ferrous metallurgy on the level of financial security revealed by the method of assessing the three-component coefficient. Scientifically substantiated possibility of developing and implementing a strategy of innovation development of enterprises for the medium and long term periods based on the level of financial security is shown. Enterprises with high financial security or in special cases (with additional investments with normal financial security) are able to generate innovation technologies. As the analysis has shown, the majority of northern enterprises have low financial security, which does not allow them to count on effective innovative development without attracting a significant amount of targeted investments.

Simulation of induction motors with energy recuperation for lifting mechanisms of non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises

Simulation of induction motors with energy recuperation for lifting mechanisms of non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises

ASSESSMENT OF CARCINO¬GENIC RISK TO PUBLIC HEALTH FROM AIR POLLUTION WITH FORMALDEHYDE IN THE CITY OF ZAPORIZHZHYA

The city of Zaporizhzhya is one of the most technologically advanced cities in Ukraine with significant scientific, technical and production potential. The city's industry is based on the metallurgical complex, which has a great influence on the state of the atmospheric air. This problem is of particular relevance in the Zavodskoy and Voznesenovsky districts of the city with a significant concentration of ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises, which certainly emphasizes the relevance of solving issues of protecting the health of the population living in these areas.
 The article examines the assessment of the carcinogenic risk to the health of the population of the Zavodskoy and Voznesenovsky districts from the impact of formaldehyde emissions.
 The composition of emissions from stationary sources of industrial enterprises contains a variety of chemical compounds, of which the most common are suspended matter (aerosols, dust), carbon monoxide (II), nitrogen oxide (IV), formaldehyde and others. Their ingress into the human body leads to a deterioration in health, damage to organs and systems, the occurrence of chronic diseases.
 The results of calculations of the individual and population carcinogenic risk to the health of the population in Zavodskoy and Voznesenovsky districts under acute and chronic exposure indicate an average level of risk (10-4<ICR<10-3), that is, acceptable for professional groups and unacceptable for the general population, typical for most large industrial cities. The emergence of such a risk requires the development and implementation of planned health measures.
 Comparing the average individual carcinogenic and population levels of risk to public health in the two study areas with acute and chronic exposure, it can be noted that the level of carcinogenic risk in Voznesenovsky district is higher than in Zavodskoy.