Non-fasting Lipid Profile Research Articles

Abdominal aorta intima-media thickness in children with hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism is associated with atherosclerosis, which is attributed mainly to an atherogenic lipid profile. Increased intima-media thickness (IMT) is the first structural change detected in atherosclerosis. This prospective cohort study investigated lipid profile and abdominal aorta IMT in patients newly-diagnosed with hypothyroidism and their change one year post-treatment. It included fifty patients divided into three groups according to their diagnosis: congenital hypothyroidism (CH), Acquired and CH stopped treatment/uncontrolled group. They were subjected to history, auxological, blood pressure, non-fasting lipid profile, and abdominal aorta IMT measurement by abdominal ultrasound. These demonstrated high basal cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL (259.64 ± 82.06, 193.94 ± 71.54, and 144.70 ± 48.46 mg/dl, respectively) and significant reduction after treatment (216.66 ± 44.60, 165.70 ± 53.58 and 123.26 ± 29.79 mg/dl, respectively). Low basal HDL (47.92 ± 10.08 mg/dl) increased significantly (57.56 ± 7.94 mg/dl) after treatment. Abdominal aorta IMT decreased significantly after treatment and achievement of euthyroidism (1.47 ± 0.49 and 1.33 ± 0.41 mm, respectively). In conclusion, upon treatment of hypothyroidism and achievement of euthyroidism, abdominal aorta IMT, cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL decreased significantly, and HDL increased. Abdominal aorta IMT measurement is an easy and feasible way for the early detection of atherosclerosis.

Assessment of post-myocardial infarction lipid levels and management: Results from a tertiary care hospital of Pakistan.

Lipid treatment practices and levels in post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients, which are crucial for secondary prevention. To evaluate the lipid treatment practices and lipid levels in post-myocardial infarction (MI) patients at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed patients who had experienced their first AMI event in the past 3 years. We assessed fasting and non-fasting lipid profiles, reviewed statin therapy prescriptions, and examined patient compliance. The recommended dose was defined as rosuvastatin ≥ 20 mg or atorvastatin ≥ 40 mg, with target total cholesterol levels set at < 160 mg/dL and target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) at < 55 mg/dL. Among 195 patients, 71.3% were male, and the mean age was 57.1 ± 10.2 years. The median duration since AMI was 36 (interquartile range: 10-48) months and 60% were diagnosed with ST-segment elevation MI. Only 13.8% of patients were advised to undergo lipid profile testing after AMI, 88.7% of patients were on the recommended statin therapy, and 91.8% of patients were compliant with statin therapy. Only 11.5% had LDL-C within the target range and 71.7% had total cholesterol within the target range. Hospital admission in the past 12 months was reported by 14.4%, and the re-admission rate was significantly higher among non-compliant patients (37.5% vs 5.6%). Subsequent AMI event rate was also significantly higher among non-compliant patients (43.8% vs 11.7%). Our study highlights that while most post-AMI patients received the recommended minimum statin therapy dose, the inadequate practice of lipid assessment may compromise therapy optimization and raise the risk of subsequent events.

Diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents

Background: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, including in South Korea. Dyslipidemia is an independent risk factor for the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. There is strong evidence that atherosclerosis begins early in life and that elevated lipid levels in childhood predict elevated lipid levels into adulthood.Current Concepts: A universal approach for cholesterol screening in all children is recommended. Lipid profiles should be studied for all children aged 9 to 11 years and then for those aged 17 to 21 years, as cholesterol levels may vary after puberty. The non-fasting lipid profile can be as useful in detecting severe genetic dyslipidemias as the fasting lipid profile and thus can be used as a first-line screening in children. The initial treatment for dyslipidemia in a child always begins with a 6-month trial of lifestyle modifications, such as improvements in dietary and physical activity patterns. Statins are as effective in children as in adults and can lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels by up to 50%. Therefore, they are considered first-line therapy for children who meet the criteria for pharmacological therapy.Discussion and Conclusion: Statins and non-statin lipid-lowering agents can lower cholesterol levels with minimal adverse effects in children and adolescents with hypercholesterolemia. However, limited data is currently available on the long-term safety and efficacy of lipid-lowering agents in the pediatric population. Furthermore, non-statin lipid-lowering agents are used far less frequently in children. Therefore, further long-term safety and efficacy studies on lipid-lowering agents in pediatric populations and clinical trials with non-statin lipid-lowering agents are required.

Comparative analysis of fasting and non-fasting lipid profiles in apparently healthy volunteers: A quality improvement project

Comparative analysis of fasting and non-fasting lipid profiles in apparently healthy volunteers: A quality improvement project

Worldwide Increasing Use of Nonfasting Rather Than Fasting Lipid Profiles.

Historically, lipids and lipoproteins were measured in the fasting state for cardiovascular risk prediction; however, since 2009 use of nonfasting lipid profiles has increased substantially worldwide. For patients, nonfasting lipid profiles are convenient and avoid any risk of hypoglycemia. For laboratories, blood sampling in the morning and extra visits for patients who have not fasted are avoided. For patients, clinicians, hospitals, and society, nonfasting sampling allows same-day visits with first blood sampling followed by a short wait for test results before clinical consultation. Therefore, nonfasting compared to fasting lipid profiles will save money and time and may improve patient compliance with cardiovascular prevention programs. We report on the progression of endorsement and implementation of nonfasting lipid profiles for cardiovascular risk prediction worldwide and summarize the recommendations from major medical societies and health authorities in different countries. We also describe practical advantages and disadvantages for using nonfasting lipid profiles. Further, we include a description of why fasting has been the standard historically, the barriers against implementation of nonfasting lipid profiles, and finally we suggest the optimal content of a nonfasting lipid profile. Lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein concentrations vary minimally in response to normal food intake and nonfasting lipid profiles are equal or superior to fasting profiles for cardiovascular risk prediction. Major guidelines and consensus statements in Europe, the United States, Canada, Brazil, Japan, India, and Australia now endorse use of nonfasting lipid profiles in some or all patients; however, there are still gaps in endorsement and implementation of nonfasting lipid profiles worldwide.

Assessment of Lipid Profile Treatment Practices and Lipid Levels in Post-Myocardial Infarction Patients: Results from a Tertiary Care Hospital of Pakistan

Objectives: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) stands as a global leading cause of mortality. Following AMI, meticulous management of patients' lipid profiles for secondary prevention becomes paramount. We conducted this study to assess lipid profile practices and levels in post-AMI patients, which are crucial for secondary prevention.&#x0D; Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed patients who had experienced their first AMI event in the past three years. We assessed fasting and non-fasting lipid profiles, reviewed statin therapy prescriptions, and examined patient compliance. The recommended dose was defined as rosuvastatin ≥20 mg or atorvastatin ≥40 mg, with target total cholesterol levels set at &lt;160 mg/dL and target LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol at &lt;55 mg/dL.&#x0D; Results: Among 195 patients, 71.3% were male, and the mean age was 57.1±10.2 years. The median duration since AMI was 36 [IQR: 10-48] months and 60% were diagnosed with STEMI (ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction). Only 13.8% of patients were advised to undergo lipid profile testing after AMI, 88.7% of patients were on the recommended statin therapy, and 91.8% of patients were compliant with statin therapy. Only 11.5% had LDL-cholesterol within the target range and 71.7% had total cholesterol within the target range. Hospital admission in the past 12 months was reported by 14.4%, and the re-admission rate was significantly higher among non-compliant patients (37.5% vs. 5.6%). Subsequent AMI event rate was also significantly higher among non-compliant patients (43.8% vs. 11.7%).&#x0D; Conclusion: Our study highlights that while most post-AMI patients receive the recommended minimum statin therapy, the inadequate practice of lipid assessment may compromise therapy optimization and raise the risk of subsequent events.

Clinical and Prognostic Value of Non-Fasting Lipoproteins and Apolipoproteins in Chinese Patients with Coronary Heart Disease.

Lipid profiles differ naturally between individuals and between populations. So far, the data relating to non-fasting lipid profiles has been derived predominantly from studies on Western population. The characteristics and clinical significance of non-fasting lipids in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) in response to traditional Chinese diets remain poorly understood. A total of 1022 Chinese CHD patients with coronary artery luminal stenosis 40% as diagnosed by coronary artery angiography were enrolled in the study. All patients received standard treatment for CHD, including statins. They were divided into an intermediate stenosis group (luminal stenosis 40-70%, n = 486) or a severe stenosis group (luminal stenosis 70%, n = 536). Their blood lipid profiles were measured in the fasting state, and 4 hours after normal breakfast. All participants were followed up for five years. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) including all-cause death, cardiac death, myocardial infarction, unscheduled coronary revascularization and stroke were recorded. After normal breakfast intake, patients with intermediate or severe stenosis showed an apparent increase in the levels of triglyceride (TG), remnant cholesterol (RC) and Apo (apolipoprotein) A1 compared to the fasting state, but a significant reduction in the levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), Apo B and Apo E. In addition to the traditional risk factors (older age, male, diabetes and smoking) and coronary artery stenosis, the fasting levels of LDL-C and Apo B, as well as non-fasting levels of HDL-C and Apo A1, were identified as independent predictors of 5-year MACE occurrence by multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis. Patients in the 1st tertile of the non-fasting HDL-C group ( 0.86 mmol/L) showed a significantly higher risk of MACE than 3rd tertile ( 1.07 mmol/L) (1st tertile: 2.786, 95% CI (confidence intervals) [1.808, 4.293], p 0.001). This prospective observational study found that lipid profiles in either the fasting or non-fasting states were associated with the long-term risk of MACE in Chinese CHD patients. In addition to the fasting LDL-C level, a low non-fasting HDL-C level may also be an independent risk factors for cardiovascular events. Measurement of lipid profiles during the non-fasting state may be feasible for the management of CHD patients in routine clinical practice in China.

Optimal domain-specific physical activity and sedentary behaviors for blood lipids among Japanese children: a compositional data analysis

BackgroundOptimizing childhood domain-specific physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) for blood lipid profile is not well understood. We aimed to (1) determine the associations between accelerometer-measured PA and SB for each domain (school time and out-of-school time) with blood lipid profile and (2) estimate predicted changes in blood lipid profile with hypothetical time-reallocation between domain-specific SB and PA among Japanese children using compositional data analysis (CoDA).MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 284 children (147 boys and 137 girls) aged 9–12 years (mean age [years]: 10.1 ± 1.2 for boys, 10.0 ± 1.1 for girls; mean body mass index: 18.2 ± 3.2 for boys, 17.5 ± 2.5 for girls). Time spent in domain-specific SB, light-intensity PA (LPA), moderate-intensity PA (MPA), and vigorous-intensity PA (VPA) was assessed using accelerometry. The non-fasting lipid profile considered measures of triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and non-HDL-C levels. CoDA and isotemporal substitution model were performed to examine the associations of domain-specific PA and SB with blood lipids.ResultsTime spent in out-of-school VPA relative to the other behaviors was negatively associated with non-HDL-C (boys: βilr1 = − 0.10, 95% confidence interval [CI] = − 0.19 to − 0.01), TG (boys: βilr1 = − 0.45, 95% CI = − 0.68 to − 0.22), and positively associated with HDL-C (girls: βilr1 = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.02 to 0.16) after adjusting for age, body mass index, and time spent in SB, LPA, and MPA. During the out-of-school period, a replacement of 1 min of any other behavior with VPA was associated with decreases in LDL-C in boys (predicted changes [95% CI] − 0.03 mmol/L [− 0.05 to − 0.00] for LPA), non-HDL-C in boys (predicted changes [95% CI] − 0.03 mmol/L [− 0.06 to − 0.01] for SB and LPA) and TG in boys (predicted changes [95% CI] − 0.04 mmol/L [− 0.06 to − 0.02] for SB and LPA, − 0.05 mmol/L [− 0.07 to − 0.02] for MPA) and in girls (predicted changes [95% CI] − 0.02 mmol/L [− 0.04 to − 0.00] for LPA), and increases in HDL-C in girls (predicted changes [95% CI] 0.02 mmol/L [0.00 to 0.04] for SB and LPA, 0.03 mmol/L [0.00 to 0.05] for MPA).ConclusionsIncreasing out-of-school VPA might be an effective approach to improve blood lipid profiles among Japanese children.

Comparative Study of Remnant Cholesterol, Some Lipid Fractions and FBS Level in Overweight and Obese Participants in South East Nigeria

Background: Obesity is one of the characteristics of metabolic disorders, it has been linked to cardiovascular diseases. Remnant cholesterol has been proposed to be a link between obesity and coronary heart disease, thus a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease in obese people. We compared the level of calculated non-fasting remnant cholesterol, fasting and non-fasting lipid profile and fasting blood sugar in overweight, obese and normal weight participants in Nnewi, a town in South East Nigeria.&#x0D; Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 90 apparently healthy obese, overweight and normal weight participants who met the inclusion criteria were randomly enrolled. They were grouped using their body mass index of 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2 (normal weight), 25 to 29.9 kg/m2 (overweight) and ≥30 kg/m2 (obese). The parameters were analyzed using standard methods.&#x0D; Results: Our results shows that there was progressive increase of remnant cholesterol among the group, this increase has no statistical difference (p&gt;0.05) in the mean calculated remnant cholesterol (mmol/l) between the obese (0.72±0.4), overweight (0.68±0.46), and normal weight (0.50±0.28) participants. The mean fasting Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) and Triglyceride (TG) (mmol/l) were significantly higher (p&lt;0.05) in overweight compared to normal weight participants (0.76±0.31 vs. 0.47±0.22) and (1.72±0.60 vs. 1.09±0.51) and obese participants (0.82±0.23 vs. 0.47±0.22) and (1.85±0.59 vs. 1.09±0.51) when compared to normal weight participants respectively. FBS levels (mmol/l) were significantly lower in normal weight participants when compared to overweight participants (3.45±0.79 vs. 4.46±1.82) and obese participants (3.46± 0.79 vs. 4.94±1.26).&#x0D; Conclusion: The results obtained from this study demonstrated a progressive increase in the level of remnant cholesterol which was not statistically significant among apparently healthy individuals across the group. Furthermore we did not observed Remnant cholesterol as a sole predictor to obesity which will lead to cardiovascular diseases, with the rising prevalence of obesity in developing country as well as its associated complications and risks.

Abstract 12836: Cardiovascular Disease Profile in Children With Hcm (aspire-hcm): A Canadian Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: Adults with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) have been shown to have abnormal cardiovascular (CV) health, leading to long-term problems. However, little is known about the CV health of children with HCM. Given the emphasis placed on physical activity restrictions in patients with HCM, effective communication regarding the importance of a heart-healthy lifestyle may be lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess CV health in a cohort of children with HCM across Canada. Methods: Children with HCM, ages 10-18 years old, were recruited from 10 Canadian sites and underwent CV health screening including: body mass index (BMI), central adiposity assessment via the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR, ≥0.5 considered abnormal), non-fasting lipid profile, (abnormal cholesterol being &gt;4.4 mmol/L); systolic blood pressure (≥95th percentile considered hypertensive;0 and a 2-week period of activity assessment using a wrist Fitbit. An average daily step count ≥12,500 was used as a surrogate for ≥60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity. Results: Forty-six patients with HCM were included [76% male; median age 15.4 years (IQR 13.7, 16.7)]. The median BMI percentile was 85.0 (IQR 58.5, 97.0) with 56.6% being overweight or obese (BMI &gt;85th percentile). The WHtR was a median of 0.51 (IQR 0.43-0.55), with 55.6% being ≥0.50. The median systolic blood pressure was 113.5 mmHg (IQR 101.8-123.0), with 10.8% having measurements in the hypertensive range. The median cholesterol was 3.7 mmol/L (IQR 3.4-4.4), with 29% of patients having an elevated cholesterol. Average daily step count ≥12,500 occurred in 14% of the cohort with the median average steps per day being 7,590 (IQR 5,205-10,894). Conclusions: The majority of Canadian children with HCM have evidence of physical inactivity and an adverse CV risk profile. In order to prevent poor CV health outcomes in adulthood, interventions are required to target these risk factors in children with HCM.

Exploring the Novelty in Lipid Profiling of Patients: A Non-fasting Approach from Eastern India.

Objective To date, no reference interval is available for lipid profile, including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), or low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, etc., in a non-fasting state. Hence, the study was taken up with the objective of exploring the possibility of establishing a reference interval for non-fasting lipid profile consisting of serum TC, TG, LDL, HDL, and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol. Materials and Methods A total of 1,350 apparently healthy subjects, including 636 healthy men and 714 healthy women of 18 years and beyond of age, were enrolled in the study. Reference individuals were recruited using cluster sampling method from various villages and semi-urban regions irrespective of their sex, religion, socioeconomic status, or any other demographic profile, and samples were analyzed in Beckman Coulter AU480 analyzer. Results The mean age of 1,350 participants was 38.23 ± 15.94 years. We found that all the test parameters require a different reference interval than the established fasting reference range, except for HDL cholesterol in females. The data were subdivided into subjects below 40 years, between 40 and 60 years, and older than 60 years of age. All five parameters in the lipid profile were individually analyzed and were compared age group-wise and gender-wise with the total study population. Significant differences in the various dataset were found. Conclusion A shift toward non-fasting lipid interval measurement is, thus, a piece of evidence-driven mechanism. Even from a patient's perspective, it sets in ease and convenience in lipid-profile testing, subsequently leading to a more compliant cardiovascular management and monitoring.

Prevalence of Intestinal Helminth Coinfection in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Uganda.

Although a third of people with tuberculosis (TB) are estimated to be coinfected with helminths, the prevalence is largely unknown among people with drug-resistant TB (DR-TB). We determined the prevalence of helminth coinfection among people with DR-TB in Uganda. In a multicenter, cross-sectional study, eligible Ugandan adults with confirmed DR-TB were consecutively enrolled between July to December 2021 at 4 treatment centers. Sociodemographic data were collected using a questionnaire. Participants underwent anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, and blood samples were evaluated for random blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, nonfasting lipid profile, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and a complete blood count. Fresh stool samples were evaluated for adult worms, eggs, and larvae using direct microscopy after Kato-Katz concentration techniques. Of 212 participants, 156 (73.6%) were male, 118 (55.7%) had HIV, and 3 (2.8%) had malaria coinfection. The prevalence of intestinal helminth coinfection was 4.7% (10/212) (95% confidence interval, 2.6%-8.6%). The frequency of helminth infections was Ancylostoma duodenale (n = 4), Schistosoma mansoni (n = 2), Enterobius vermicularis (n = 2), Ascaris lumbricoides (n = 1), and Trichuris trichiura (n = 1). The prevalence of helminth coinfection was low among people with DR-TB. More studies are needed to determine the clinical relevance of helminth/DR-TB coinfection.

Examination Of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors And Objective Physical Activity At A South African Company

PURPOSE: Ukumela impilo is a randomized controlled trial (PACTR201911656014962) investigating the effectiveness of adjustable sit-stand desks (environmental change) on sedentary behaviour and cardiovascular disease risk factors in South African office workers. The target sample (n = 120) will be randomized equally into control and experimental groups. Early baseline findings to understand anthropometric and cardiometabolic factors will be reported. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. Participants were full-time employed office workers of a credit and information management company in South Africa. Standard protocols were followed for the collection of simple body composition, point-of-care non-fasting glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) and lipid profile. Wrist-worn accelerometer data were collected on 7 days of wear time, measuring sleep and physical activity. RESULTS: We have recruited 37 participants with accelerometer data thus far, 65% (n = 24) are female. The mean BMI was 27.7 ± 6.6 kg/m2 while 29.7% (n = 11) were obese. The majority (73%) had elevated blood pressures (BP) (systolic BP ≥130 and/or diastolic BP ≥80 mmHg), while 13.5% (n = 5) participants had HbA1C levels ≥6.5%. The mean total cholesterol levels were 4.03 ± 0.82 mmol/L-1and only 10.8% (n = 4) had cardioprotective HDL levels ≥1.55 mmol/L-1. The participants spent 13.4 ± 21.7 minutes/day in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and slept for 7 ± 1.3 hours/night. Univariate analysis showed that MVPA was inversely correlated with total cholesterol (r = -0.33, p = 0.046). CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary results show obvious concerns around cardiovascular disease risk factors in office workers that can benefit from physical activity. Future investigation seeks to understand their sedentary behaviour patterns and examine the effectiveness of environmental changes to interrupt extended sitting time during work hours.

Response of lipoproteins to a meal tolerance test in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia

Background and Aims : High fasting TG is a marker of increased postprandial TG-rich lipoproteins and their remnants. Non-fasting TG is said to be 20-25% higher than fasting TG. It remains unclear what determines the non-fasting lipid profile. The aim of this study was to examine lipid parameters in fasting and postprandial states and to explore their relationship in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertriglyceridemia.Methods: This was a post-hoc analysis of a pemafibrate phase 3 clinical trial in Japanese patients with T2D and hypertriglyceridemia who underwent a meal tolerance test (N=68). Baseline data before starting the study drug were analyzed. The blood sampling was conducted at 0, 1, 2, 4.5 and 6.5 h after taking the test meal (592 kcal).Results: After taking the test meal, TG increased from 256.8 mg/dL (0 h) to 274.8 mg/dL (1 h, +11.0%), 330.8 mg/dL (2 h, +36.3%), 341.8 mg/dL (4.5 h, +42.1%) and 285.8 mg/dL (6.5 h, +19.7%). The postprandial apoB48 time course was similar to that of TG, whereas the increase in RemL-C was slower. AUC0-6.5h-TG and AUC0-6.5h-RemL-C were significantly associated with baseline values for TG, RemL-C, apoB48, apoC2, apoC3 and apoE.Conclusions: In patients with T2D and hypertriglyceridemia, plasma TG levels increased up to approximately 1.5-fold after taking the test meal. Postprandial TG and RemL-C increases can be predictable from the baseline values for TG, RemL-C, apoB48, apoC2, apoC3 and apoE. Background and Aims : High fasting TG is a marker of increased postprandial TG-rich lipoproteins and their remnants. Non-fasting TG is said to be 20-25% higher than fasting TG. It remains unclear what determines the non-fasting lipid profile. The aim of this study was to examine lipid parameters in fasting and postprandial states and to explore their relationship in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertriglyceridemia. Methods: This was a post-hoc analysis of a pemafibrate phase 3 clinical trial in Japanese patients with T2D and hypertriglyceridemia who underwent a meal tolerance test (N=68). Baseline data before starting the study drug were analyzed. The blood sampling was conducted at 0, 1, 2, 4.5 and 6.5 h after taking the test meal (592 kcal). Results: After taking the test meal, TG increased from 256.8 mg/dL (0 h) to 274.8 mg/dL (1 h, +11.0%), 330.8 mg/dL (2 h, +36.3%), 341.8 mg/dL (4.5 h, +42.1%) and 285.8 mg/dL (6.5 h, +19.7%). The postprandial apoB48 time course was similar to that of TG, whereas the increase in RemL-C was slower. AUC0-6.5h-TG and AUC0-6.5h-RemL-C were significantly associated with baseline values for TG, RemL-C, apoB48, apoC2, apoC3 and apoE. Conclusions: In patients with T2D and hypertriglyceridemia, plasma TG levels increased up to approximately 1.5-fold after taking the test meal. Postprandial TG and RemL-C increases can be predictable from the baseline values for TG, RemL-C, apoB48, apoC2, apoC3 and apoE.

Changing Recommendations on the Use of Non-Fasting Versus a Fasting Lipid Profile: A Review of Current Literature

Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death all over the world. Various tests included in the lipid profile testing panel are used to predict the risk of cardiovascular disease, for monitoring treatment and for setting treatment goals. This review article revisits the various parameters in the lipid profile, the current clinical recommendations, and the recent guideline changes of testing requirements from a fasting to a non-fasting sample. The impact on various parameters when a non-fasting lipid testing is performed along with the criteria that should be used while using the new recommendations of non-fasting lipid testing are discussed. The article also reviews the different equations used for the calculation of low density lipoprotein cholesterol and its clinical applications in the current clinical guideline settings. It also briefly describes the increasing clinical importance of parameters like non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein-B and remnant cholesterol. Recent literature reviews conclude that risk prediction is similar and, in many cases, better with non-fasting lipid profile testing compared to a fasting state test. Hence it is recommended to use non fasting lipid profile testing for better risk prediction, patient and laboratory convenience, keeping in mind the cut off and flagging criteria for a repeat fasting test.

M172 Establishment of reference intervals for nonfasting lipid profile: Our experience in Indian subcontinent

M172 Establishment of reference intervals for nonfasting lipid profile: Our experience in Indian subcontinent

Effectiveness of Pemafibrate for Non-fasting Serum Lipid Profile

Effectiveness of Pemafibrate for Non-fasting Serum Lipid Profile

Screening of Dyslipidemia and Obesity among Children in Zagazig University Hospitals

Background: Westerners are well aware of plasma lipid problems, which are becoming increasingly important in the Middle East. The European Expert Panel has advocated universal screening as a preferable approach of hypercholesterolemia screening as a part of the primary preventive effort. Objective: To assess the relation between dyslipidemia and its risk factors; age and body mass index. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study that included 357 of children who visited the Pediatrics General Outpatient Clinic at Zagazig University Hospitals. All subjects were subjected to full history taking, general examination, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, and laboratory investigations including: non-fasting and fasting lipid profiles. Results: Non-fasting total cholesterol (TC) of ≥ 200 was (14.3%) and < 200 was (85.7%). Non-fasting (LDL) of ≥ 130 was (16.8%) and <130 was (83.2%). HDL category of < 40 was (61.3%) and ≥ 40 was (38.7%). There was no statistically significant difference between age, sex and lipid profiles. There was statistically significant positive correlation between non-fasting triglycerides (TG) and non-fasting HDL and non-fasting non-HDL-C. Conclusion: Obesity was associated with the prevalence of at least one abnormal lipid level. This highlights the importance of paying greater attention to the prevention of cardiovascular disease and obesity in children from an early age.

Nonfasting Triglyceride as an Independent Predictor of Carotid Restenosis After Carotid Endarterectomy or Carotid Artery Stenting

Nonfasting serum triglyceride (TG) level is attracting more and more attention as an atherosclerosis-promoting factor. However, no study has investigated the relationships between nonfasting TG levels and carotid restenosis after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) or carotid artery stenting (CAS). This study was conducted to investigate if nonfasting TG levels can be used to assess a risk for carotid restenosis after CEA or CAS. This was a single-center retrospective study. We reviewed 201 consecutive primary carotid artery revascularization procedures (39 CEAs and 162 CASs), which were performed from 2008 to 2018 for 179 patients (163 men and 16 women) with atherosclerotic carotid stenosis, and were followed up for at least 1 year. Clinical variables including nonfasting lipid profiles and findings of magnetic resonance plaque imaging were compared between groups with and without postprocedural carotid restenosis (≥50% stenosis on ultrasonography). During a mean follow-up period of 1413 days, 24 of 201 carotid stenosis procedures (11.9%) suffered restenosis after successful revascularization procedures. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that nonfasting TG level was the only independent risk factor of postprocedural restenosis. The receiver operating characteristic curve analyses revealed that a cutoff value of nonfasting TG to discriminate postprocedural carotid restenosis was 127.5 mg/dL, which was much lower than the upper limit of normal. This study showed that nonfasting TG level may be a useful marker to predict carotid restenosis after CEA or CAS, and could be a new therapeutic target to prevent carotid restenosis after revascularization procedures.

Non-fasting lipid profile for cardiovascular risk assessments using China ASCVD risk estimator and Europe SCORE risk charts in Chinese participants.

Previous studies have shown that non-fasting lipids have similar values in cardiovascular risk estimation as fasting, but it is not clear whether this could also be applicable to Chinese participants. A total of 127 (76 men, 51 women) participants without atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) were enrolled in the study. Serum levels of blood lipids were monitored at 0 h, 2 h and 4 h after a daily breakfast. Ten-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk was estimated with China ASCVD risk estimator and European SCORE risk charts. Kappa statistic was used to determine agreement among estimators. China ASCVD risk estimator assessed half of the participants as low risk, while European risk charts assessed half of the participants as moderate risk in the same participants. Reliability analysis in China ASCVD risk estimator and Europe SCORE risk charts based on fasting and or non-fasting lipids profile were relatively high (Kappa =0.731 or 0.718, P<0.001), (Kappa =0.922 or 0.935, P<0.001) (Kappa =0.886 or 0.874, P<0.001), but agreement between two were relatively poor in both fasting and non-fasting states (Kappa =0.339 or 0.300, P<0.001), (Kappa =0.364 or 0.286, P<0.001). Promoting use of non-fasting lipids in diagnosis, evaluation, and prediction of CVD are feasible. Furthermore, non-fasting lipids could be used in China ASCVD risk estimator to evaluate 10-year risk of ASCVD among Chinese general participants.