Nominal Process Research Articles

Newborn screening and the recommended uniform screening panel: Optimal submissions and suggested improvements based on an advocacy organization's decade-long experience.

The National MPS Society, Inc., founded in 1974, is a rare disease advocacy non-profit with a tripartite mission addressing the needs of the mucopolysaccharidosis and mucolipidosis communities through advocacy, research, and family and patient support. The Recommended Uniform Screening Panel (RUSP) of conditions for newborn screening (NBS), legislatively mandated in 2008, was implemented in 2010 by the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HSS), through the adoption of 29 core conditions. Since its inception the RUSP has grown to 35 core conditions. Each addition followed a defined nomination process that has itself undergone further definition over time. Since the adoption of the RUSP, the Society has nominated two conditions that have been approved by the Advisory Committee on Heritable Disorders in Children and Newborns (ACHDNC) and forwarded to the Secretary of HSS for inclusion on the RUSP. This history places the Society in a position to reflect on the process of successfully nominating conditions. Additionally, the Society is well placed by this experience to provide observations on the RUSP process. We will highlight best practices for pending and future nominations and reflect on potential improvements to the process and infrastructure of NBS, the RUSP, and the ACHDNC.

Top 10 research priorities in colorectal cancer: results from the Colorectal Cancer Priority-Setting Partnership

BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent cause of cancer death in the word. Which aspects of research into CRC should be accorded the highest priority remains unclear, because relevant stakeholders, such as patients, nurses, and physicians, played hardly any part in the development of research projects. The goal in forming the CRC Priority-Setting Partnership (PSP) was to bring all relevant stakeholders together to identify and prioritize unresolved research questions regarding the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of CRC.MethodsThe CRC PSP worked in cooperation with the British James Lind Alliance. An initial nationwide survey was conducted, and evidence uncertainties were collected, categorized, summarized, and compared with available evidence from the literature. The as-yet unresolved questions were (provisionally) ranked in a second national wide survey, and at a concluding consensus workshop all stakeholders came together to finalize the rankings in a nominal group process and compile a top 10 list.ResultsIn the first survey (34% patients, 51% healthcare professionals, 15% unknown), 1102 submissions were made. After exclusion of duplicates and previously resolved questions, 66 topics were then ranked in the second survey (56% patients, 39% healthcare professionals, 5% unknown). This interim ranking process revealed distinct differences between relatives and healthcare professionals. The final top 10 list compiled at the consensus workshop covers a wide area of research topics.ConclusionAll relevant stakeholders in the CRC PSP worked together to identify and prioritize the top 10 evidence uncertainties. The results give researchers and funding bodies the opportunity to address the most patient-relevant research projects. It is the first detailed description of a PSP in Germany, and the first PSP on CRC care worldwide.

Musical sustainability vis-à-vis intangible cultural heritage: safeguarding and incentives in the Feast of the Virgin of Candelaria, Puno, Perú

ABSTRACT Both comparative assessment of the concept of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) and developments in musical sustainability, to ensure the viability of grassroots musical practices, have been important concerns among applied ethnomusicologists over the last decade. This paper identifies some of the challenges in the dialogue between these two approaches from an implementation perspective via the case study of the nomination process of the Feast of the Virgin of Candelaria of Puno, Perú to the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The article analyses the incentives for state officers, music practitioners, and other stakeholders in ICH projects to assess their compatibility with musical sustainability frameworks. I argue that the main challenge in aligning these two approaches resides in the conflicting incentive structures both approaches feature. This paper advances current research on musical sustainability, ICH, and applied ethnomusicology by introducing conceptual developments for the analysis of institutional frameworks, partisan agendas, and decision-making processes.

Morphophonemic variation in the nominal morphology of Assamese

This paper seeks to analyse and describe the nature of morphophonemic variation in the nominal morphology of Assamese, an Indo-Aryan language spoken in Assam. Previous discussions of morphophonemic variation in the language have focused on the phonological aspects of such variation (Goswami and Tamuli, 2003: 410-13). However, the present study seeks to examine the nature and range of phonological variations within morphemes triggered by nominal morphological processes such as (a) deictic inflections for relational nouns, (b) case inflections for nouns and pronouns and (c) nominal word-formation via derivation and compounding.Identifying the phonological and morphological factors behind the morphophonemic variation in nominal morphology will serve to uncover the patterned nature of the underlying regularities of a major area of Assamese grammar. Moreover, in seeking to align the morphophonemic variations with specific nominal morphological processes rather than treating them in intrinsic phonological terms, this study proposes to highlight the interdependent functioning of the levels of analysis. Such functioning is evident in instances of phonological variations within morphemes that serve to mark different grammatical functions in the language. In addition to such descriptive considerations, the range of variations and their associated morphological processes can also shed light on specific aspects of diachronic change when they are cross-linguistically compared with cognate languages. The study will be based mainly on corpus data using the empirical methodology of corpus linguistics. Supplementary introspective data will also be used where necessary.

Semantic Typology Pandemic Vocabulary: Covid Neologisms in English, French and German

Neologisms that appeared under the influence of the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection Covid-19 are considered, based on the material of English, French and German languages. The basis of the study is formed by neologisms collected by continuous sampling from available lexicographic sources and foreign language Internet resources. The relevance of this work is confirmed by the rapid growth of neologisms in all the languages under consideration. The novelty of the study lies in a comparative approach to the analysis of nomination processes and in determining the dominant areas of semantic attraction in these linguistic cultures. The elements that have shown the greatest productivity and stable functioning are singled out. The author’s classification of covid neologisms is proposed. The question is raised about the susceptibility of these languages to new realities, their productivity in the process of responding to changes in various spheres of society. It is concluded that the number of English neologisms prevails over the corresponding units in French and German. It is confirmed that the structure of the lexico-semantic groups identified during the analysis is heterogeneous and in some cases has a lacunar character. It is suggested that the reason for this may be both the specificity of the word formation of languages, and the peculiarities of the mentality inherent in a particular linguocultural community.

Heritage-Led Urban Regeneration in the Context of WH Listing: Lessons and Opportunities for the Newly Inscribed City of As-Salt in Jordan

The nomination of a city on the UNESCO WHL is usually followed by urban regeneration with emphasis on tourism development and the OUV assigned to the city. In doing so, other heritage values are likely to be excluded, while new urban challenges are unintentionally triggered such as gentrification, touristification, social exclusion, amongst others. Following the recent inscription of As-Salt City in Jordan on the UNESCO WHL in July 2021, this paper traces the urban regeneration initiatives in the city from the first attempt of its nomination on the WHL in 2014 to its inscription in 2021. Based on a survey of the local community members’ perceptions and priorities, conducted in November 2020, the paper highlights the opportunities and the challenges that have resulted from the urban transformations triggered by the WHL nomination processes of As-Salt. In addition, key lessons are drawn from the urban regeneration trajectories of world heritage cities in the MENA region that have been on the WHL for a number of decades. These lessons combined with the result of As-Salt community survey are used to develop a list of prioritized short, medium, and long-term recommendations for the city of As-Salt to address how the urban regeneration practices that have already started can be nudged to change to more sustainable trajectories.

LIETUVIŲ KALBOS ENTOMONIMAI: NOMINACIJA IR MOTYVACIJOS MODELIAI

The article presents an analysis of Lithuanian folk entomonyms (insect names). The methodological approach is based on complex linguistic research, where semasiological and onomasiological aspects are combined. The main sources of empirical material are the LKŽe and 13 dialect dictionaries. Detailed analysis of lexicographical sources helped to establish the boundaries of the thematic group of entomonyms. Entomonyms are studied as the result of a nomination and motivation process. The analysis helped to determine the relationship between motivated and unmotivated members of the thematic group, the dominant nomination types, ways, instruments, the most important features of motivation, and the variety of models of motivation.

SECONDARY NOMINATION AS A WAY OF CREATING POLISH LINGUISTICAL TERMINOLOGY

The aim of this article is to consider the process of secondary nomination in Polish linguistic terminology of Middle Polish (ХVI cen. — 80-th. XVIII cent.) and New Polish (80-th. XVIII cen. — begin. ХХ c.) periods, when did its originate and form. The objects of study are term units, which designate conceptions in the sphere of linguistics, which is fixed in lexicographical and methodological literature of Middle Polish and New Polish periods. The subjects of research are notable secondary nominations as universal dynamic term creative process in the system of linguistic terminology of the Polish language. Common science and special linguistic methods are used in the article. Thanks to induction and deduction, analysis, and synthesis we managed to make a theoretical conclusion systematization of fixed linguistic material. Describing and comparative methods are used for the explanation of the semantic construction of special lexemes, their origin, and functioning. Componential analysis is used for finding common components of term units meaning, which were created using secondary nomination. During the research, we got to the conclusion, that the most productive type of secondary nomination was terminologization. Among terminologizated lexemes, we isolate the names of grammatical categories, which formed the core of researched terminology and helped to form derivative nominations. The process of secondary nomination comes forward as a result of the development of a linguistical term system in the Polish language, caused by the realization of cognitive function of the language, generalization of science experience, and deepening of existing knowledge about linguistic notions. The perspective of the research are in comparative studying of semantic processes in linguistic terminologies of Polish and other Slavic languages.

Identifying priorities for artificial intelligence and primary care in ontario: A multi-stakeholder engagement event.

CONTEXT: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being recognized as having potential importance to primary care (PC). However, there is a gap in our understanding about where to focus efforts related to AI for PC settings, especially given the current COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE: To identify current priority areas for AI and PC in Ontario, Canada. STUDY DESIGN: Multi-stakeholder engagement event with facilitated small and large group discussions. A nominal group technique process was used to identify and rank challenges in PC that AI may be able to support. Mentimeter software was used to allow real-time, anonymous and independent ranking from all participants. A final list of priority areas for AI and PC, with key considerations, was derived based on ranked items and small group discussion notes. SETTING: Ontario, Canada. POPULATION STUDIED: Digital health and PC stakeholders. OUTCOME MEASURES: N/A. RESULTS: The event included 8 providers, 8 patient advisors, 4 decision makers, 3 digital health stakeholders, and 12 researchers. Nine priority areas for AI and PC were identified and ranked, which can be grouped into those intended to support physician (preventative care and risk profiling, clinical decision support, routine task support), patient (self-management of conditions, increased mental health care capacity and support), or system-level initiatives (administrative staff support, management and synthesis of information sources); and foundational areas that would support work on other priorities (improved communication between PC and AI stakeholders, data sharing and interoperability between providers). Small group discussions identified barriers and facilitators related to the priorities, including data availability, quality, and consent; legal and device certification issues; trust between people and technology; equity and the digital divide; patient centredness and user-centred design; and the need for funding to support collaborative research and pilot testing. Although identified areas do not explicitly mention COVID-19, participants were encouraged to think about what would be feasible and meaningful to accomplish within a few years, including considerations of the COVID-19 pandemic and recovery phases. CONCLUSIONS: A one-day multi-stakeholder event identified priority areas for AI and PC in Ontario. These priorities can serve as guideposts to focus near-term efforts on the planning, development, and evaluation of AI for PC.

Guideline for the management of neurogenic bowel dysfunction in spinal cord injury/disease.

IntroductionAlmost all people with spinal cord injury/disease (SCI/D) suffer from neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD), with a considerable impact on quality of life. The Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF e.V.) guideline for NBD in SCI/D aims to provide practice-oriented support for the care of patients with NBD resulting from congenital or aquired SCI/D. The guideline describes the diagnosis and bowel management of NBD in people with SCI/D. Thus, treatment processes in acute medical care and rehabilitation as well as for lifelong aftercare are presented.MethodsThe present guideline was developed under the leadership of the German-speaking Medical Society for Paraplegiology in a multiprofessional interdisciplinary guideline team. To exceed the level of expert recommendations, consensus was reached within the framework of a structured nominal group process in defined steps under neutral moderation considering the criteria of the German guideline development instrument (DELBI).ResultsIndividual bowel management must be developed on the basis of an adequate diagnosis and considering the different lesion types. Due to the multifactorial influenceability of the intestine and the individual neurological deficit, a simple to-do checklist is not effective. Various and complex bowel management programmes are the basis of the treatment of NBD.ConclusionsGuidelines can only be successful in so far as they are applied in everyday life. Of course, the selection and application of the measures described must always take into consideration the individual situation of the person concerned, and the correct application is always a prerequisite for success.

Специфика перевода англоязычных ботанических наименований на русский язык (на материале официальных названий суккулентных растений подсемейства Агавовые)

The article is devoted to the study of the specifics of translating English-language botanical names into the Russian language drawing on the example of the names of succulent plants of the Agave subfamily (Agavoideae), Agave genus. The topicality of the research is conditioned by the importance of the study of names of house plants (in particular, belonging to the Agave subfamily) due to their growing popularity and demand. A selection of the English- and Russian-language terminological and nomenclature units of the field of botany – species names of Agave has served as the research material, taking into account their etymology (origin), with a total volume of more than 640 units (270 units in the English language and more than 370 corresponding translation variants) selected by the continuous selection method from various electronic and printed sources, including dictionaries and glossaries, monographs, web portals on botanical topics. It is alleged that from more than 300 species of Agave described, but currently scientists have officially recognized only about 200 species, while their names require unification and standardization. In the course of work, a thematic classification of terms and nomens in the modern English and Russian languages has been conducted highlighting the key aspects of the nomination process and four thematic groups based on them, as well as a comparative analysis has been carried out determining the specifics of the translation of the selected terms and nomens from English into Russian. The methods of research of the English- and Russian-language terminological and nomenclature units of the botanical sphere include the method of continuous selection method, methods of component and definitional analysis, the method of etymological analysis, as well as methods of quantitative estimation. Within the framework of the work, it has been revealed that for 270 selected terminological and nomenclature units, there are 144 terminological elements of Latin origin, 47 term elements of Greek origin, units of Spanish, Portuguese and English origin are less represented; 74 terminological elements-proper names – surnames of famous botanists and discoverers, 50 terminological elements-proper names – geographical names; 11 terminological elements – local folk names of plants. It has been determined that two terminological elements of the same language are most often combined (Lat. + Lat. / Greek + Greek), there are only a few cases of a combination of terminological elements of Greek and Latin origin. Transcoding (transliteration and/or transcription, 270 cases) is the most frequent way of translating species names of agaves as the most universal method of translation, but it cannot transmit salient features that form the basis of the nomination. Calquing (full or partial) or its combination with transcoding (86 and 93 cases, respectively) are less often used in translation process, the selection of an analogue is even less often used translation method (23 cases). There is an obvious need to standardize the names of Agave species, to develop nomination models for new house (Agave) plants.

Personnel Performance Assessment using Entropy based MABAC Method: An Application in the Food Sector

Personnel selection is one of the decisions of strategic importance in terms of ensuring sustainability of companies. This decision is referred to as a multi-criteria decision-making problem in the literature in terms of the many criteria it contains and the determination of the candidate who meets these criteria at the most appropriate level. The use of these methods in order to decide on the most suitable candidate accelerates the nomination process for the enterprise, while at the same time preventing the loss of time that may occur. In this study, an evaluation was made among the personnel who applied for a food company. In the evaluation, some of the criteria determined by the company manager and found in the literature were taken into consideration. Entropy method was used for criterion weights in the solution of the problem. Afterwards, the weights obtained from this method were integrated with the MABAC method, and it was aimed to rank the most suitable candidates. Finally, the ranking results obtained were interpreted and the most suitable candidate was decided.

Nominal group consensus process to determine Association of Surgeons in Training quality indicators for integrated clinical academic surgical training across the UK.

Nominal group consensus process to determine Association of Surgeons in Training quality indicators for integrated clinical academic surgical training across the UK.

Life of the Party: Social Networks, Public Attention, and the Importance of Shocks in the Presidential Nomination Process

We examine the effects of shocks on the invisible Presidential primary in the United States. First, we build on existing models using an algorithm simulating social network shocks. Findings show that positive shocks significantly aid the lead candidate’s chances of winning in the invisible primary. Negative shocks, however, are less detrimental to a lead candidate than positive shocks are helpful, as the leader is often able to survive a negative shock and still emerge victorious. Broad empirical tests demonstrate the importance of shocks as well. Beyond the importance of shocks, findings also suggest that Presidential candidate success in the invisible primary owes more to public- than elite-driven factors.

Hierarchical multi-response Gaussian processes for uncertainty analysis with multi-scale composite manufacturing simulation

Variations of constituent fiber and matrix properties and process conditions can cause significant variability in composite parts and affect their performance. The focus of this paper is to establish a new computational framework that can efficiently quantify the uncertainty propagation of parts manufactured through the resin transfer molding (RTM) process. RTM involves a sequence of inter-related processes that span multiple spatial and temporal scales. This calls for a multi-scale analysis for the nominal process, which is computationally complex and intensive. A direct Monte Carlo simulation of uncertainty quantification leads to prohibitive cost. In this research we leverage a sequentially architected multi-response Gaussian process (MRGP) meta-modelling approach to facilitate a hierarchical procedure. This can dramatically reduce the computational cost, and allow us to characterize the process outputs of interest at different scales and at the same time capture the intrinsic correlation amongst these outputs. Moreover, integrating a global sensitivity analysis with the hierarchical MRGP meta-models yields the importance ranking of uncertainty propagation paths. This computational framework provides a quantitative assessment tool of the uncertainties in composite manufacturing. Case study on curing-induced dimensional variability of a curved composite part is conducted for demonstration and validation.

Comparing landscape values and heritage stakeholders: a case study of West Lake Cultural Landscape of Hangzhou, China

ABSTRACT In the World Heritage nomination process, the UNESCO World Heritage Programme has historically privileged the discourse of international experts and downplayed that of stakeholders. Taking West Lake Cultural Landscape of Hangzhou as an example, this paper compares and analyses the perspectives expressed by international experts, Chinese heritage professionals, local residents and domestic tourists. In the World Heritage nomination and evaluation processes for West Lake undertaken between 2007 and 2011, international experts did not appear to fully comprehend the values articulated by Chinese authorities due to the differences between Chinese and Western cultural histories, philosophies and heritage value systems. The discourse of tourists and local residents, on the other hand, not only engaged with the traditional and contemporary Chinese cultural values embodied in West Lake, but also linked them to personal emotions, experiences and memories, thereby constructing diverse expressions of social value. The case example supports the position that the nomination of World Heritage sites take into account the knowledge and experience of all stakeholders, especially with regard to constructions and justifications of heritage value.

South Korea in 2021

The two biggest stories of 2021 in South Korea were a cutthroat presidential nomination and the nationwide outcry over soaring housing prices. Both the ruling and opposition parties had gone through a noisy and murky nomination process. In 2021, housing prices continued to rise, causing citizens’ anxiety and anger to reach their peak, and the president apologized for the failure of the real estate policy. Despite the maladministration, president Moon Jae-in, unlike previous presidents, did not become a lame duck. Meanwhile, the popularity of Hallyu, or the Korean Wave, continued with the success of the movie Minari, K-pop band BTS, and the Netflix drama series Squid Game.

Neologisms-blends in Modern English fashion industry discourse: structural and translation aspects

The article under consideration focuses on neologisms which abound in the fashion industry discourse. An enormous number of new words in this industry are of a compelling interest to linguists, though, paradoxically, these lexemes appear to be practically unknown to scholars. As a rule, new words in the fashion industry, especially blends, cause challenges in translation. Hence, the author’s main objective was to reveal the structural and semantic features of new lexemes created by blending, that is by combining two other words into one. The paper provides structural classification of blends based on the order of shortened elements, interlinks and overlaps to facilitate adequate decoding. Total, partial and overlapping telescopic words were singled out and analysed accordingly. Insight into semantics of these words enabled to construct the most common taxa, among which are lexico-semantic groups 'clothes', 'footwear', 'accessories', 'beauty', 'fashion industry', 'style', 'beauty imperfections', 'trendy color', etc., represented by blends. Such blends, or telescopic words, constantly appear in the sphere of fashion and assign a formidable task to a translator. Thus, the main lexical, grammatical, lexico-grammatical transformations applied in the translation of blends are described. The results indicate that transcribing, transliteration, adaptive transcoding and explication, or the combination of them, are the most common transformations. But in the course of the research several other methods of transferring the meaning of blends were identified, namely loan translation, the creation of new blends, zero translation, omission and transposition. Profound research of fashion industry neologisms remains relevant as the process of nomination goes on.

Developing Methods to Support Collaborative Learning and Co-creation of Resilient Healthcare-Tips for Success and Lessons Learned From a Norwegian Hospital Cancer Care Study.

BackgroundThere is a growing attention on the role of patients and stakeholders in resilience, but there is lack of knowledge and methods on how to support collaborative learning between stakeholders and co-creation of resilient healthcare. The aim of this article was to demonstrate how the methodological process of a consensus process for exploring aspects of next of kin involvement in hospital cancer care can be replicated as an effort to promote resilient healthcare through co-creation with multiple stakeholders in hospitals.MethodsThe study applied a modified nominal group technique process developed by synthesizing research findings across 4 phases of a research project with a mixed-methods approach. The process culminated in a 1-day meeting with 20 stakeholder participants (5 next of kin representatives, 10 oncology nurses, and 5 physicians) from 2 Norwegian university hospitals.ResultsThe consensus method established reflexive spaces with collective sharing of experiences between the 2 hospitals and between the next of kin and healthcare professionals. The method promoted collaborative learning processes including identification and reflection upon new ideas for involvement, and reduction of the gap between healthcare professionals’ and next of kin experiences and expectations for involvement. Next of kin were considered as important resources for resilient performance, if involved with a proactive approach. The consensus process identified both successful and unsuccessful collaborative practices and resulted in a co-designed guide for healthcare professionals to support next of kin involvement in hospital cancer care.ConclusionsThis study expands the body of knowledge on methods development that is relevant for collaborative learning and co-creation of resilient healthcare. This study demonstrated that the consensus methods process can be used for creating reflexive spaces to support collaborative learning and co-creation of resilience in cancer care. Future research within the field of collaborative learning should explore interventions that include a larger number of stakeholders.

OP19 Classifying perianal fistulising Crohn’s Disease: An expert-consensus to guide decision-making in daily practice and clinical trials

Abstract Background Perianal fistulising Crohn’s disease (CD) is an aggressive disease phenotype that can have a significant impact on patients’ quality of life. Current biological understanding of perianal fistulising CD remains inadequate and previous classification systems have not provided clear guidance on therapy in clinical practice nor on defining patient cohorts within clinical trials. To counter this unmet need, we propose a new classification system for perianal fistulising CD. Methods The proposed classification system was developed through a modified nominal group technique expert consensus process involving open discussion and formal voting on previously defined statements. Consensus agreement was defined a priori as 80% voting “strongly agree” or “agree with minor reservation”. Participants included gastroenterologists, radiologists, surgeons active in a tertiary IBD centre and a patient representative. Results The classification identifies four groups of patients with perianal fistulising CD. Key elements include stratification according to disease severity as well as disease outcome; synchronisation of patient and clinician goals in decision making, with a proactive, combined medical and surgical approach, on a ‘treat to patient goal’ basis; and identification of indications for curative fistula treatment, diverting ostomy and proctectomy. The new classification retains an element of flexibility, in which patients can cycle through different classes over time. Furthermore, with each specific class comes a paired treatment strategy suggestion and description of clinical trial suitability. Conclusion The proposed classification system is the first of its kind and is an important step towards tailored standardisation of clinical practice and research in patients with perianal fistulising CD.